The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control, and relates to a three-dimensional vibration isolation device combining an inerter and a rubber support. The three-dimensional vibration isolation device combining the inerter and the rubber support comprises a spiral spring, a rotary shaft, a rotary disc, rotary disc constraint parts, coils, neodymium magnets, damping liquid, damping rods, an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, a Teflon sleeve, laminated rubber, a lead core, a rubber protective sleeve, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a rubber support upper protection plate and a rubber support lower protection plate. According to the three-dimensional vibration isolation device combining the inerter and the rubber support, three-dimensional vibration isolation is achieved by connecting an inerter vibration isolation system and the rubber support in a decoupling mode; and effective vertical vibration isolation can be achieved by connecting the spiral spring and the inerter system in parallel, horizontal vibration isolation can be achieved by the rubber support, and a decoupling system is arranged, so that horizontal vibration isolation and vertical vibration isolation function respectively to achieve three-dimensional vibration isolation. The three-dimensional vibration isolation device combining the inerter and the rubber support is widely applicable to buildings built over a subway and important instruments and equipment with three-dimensional vibration isolation requirements, and the three-dimensional vibration isolation effect is better than that of an existing steel spring vibration isolator.