Lightweight flame-retardant fire-fighting jacket and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant clothing, and discloses a light flame-retardant fire-fighting jacket and application thereof.The jacket is prepared from flame-retardant aramid fabric, and the flame-retardant aramid fabric is prepared through the following steps that (1) surface treatment is conducted on the aramid fabric, vinyl functional groups are grafted on the surface of the aramid fabric, and a flame-retardant flame-retardant fabric is obtained; the surface modified aramid fiber fabric is obtained; (2) preparing a flame retardant with a core-shell structure; and (3) adding the compound in the step (2) into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring to obtain a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH value to 3-4 by adding an acid solution, reacting at 180-200 DEG C for 8-12 hours, and then filtering and drying to obtain the flame retardant with the core-shell structure. (4) dispersing the flame retardant in the step (3) in ethanol, adding 2wt% of a vinyl silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, and reacting for 3-6 hours; and adding the surface modified aramid fabric in the step (1) into ethanol, and adding an initiator for reaction. According to the application, the durability of the flame retardant property of the aramid fabric can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flame-retardant clothing, and in particular to a lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket and its application. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jackets are protective gear designed specifically for high-temperature, high-risk operations. Their core function is to provide effective flame-retardant protection while maintaining portability and comfort. Aramid fabrics, with their excellent heat resistance, high strength, and abrasion resistance, are finding increasing application in lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jackets.

[0003] To improve the flame retardancy of aramid fabrics, flame retardant components are incorporated into aramid fabrics through processes such as copolymerization, blending, and coating. This results in enhanced flame retardancy. In the coating method, flame retardants are applied to the fabric surface through coating or grafting, forming a flame-retardant layer. However, due to the tendency of garments to bend during wear, the flame-retardant layer can easily fall off, impacting flame retardancy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket.

[0005] This application adopts the following technical solutions: A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket, wherein the jacket is made of a flame-retardant aramid fabric, wherein the flame-retardant aramid fabric is prepared by the following steps: (1) surface treating an aramid fabric and grafting vinyl functional groups onto the surface of the aramid fabric to obtain a surface-modified aramid fabric; (2) preparing a core-shell flame retardant, firstly mixing ammonium polyphosphate and carboxylated carbon nanotubes to obtain a first mixture, reacting melamine and formaldehyde in an aqueous solution, adjusting the pH to 8-9, reacting in a water bath at a temperature of 70-100° C. to form a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and then adding the first mixture obtained above to the melamine-formaldehyde resin and mixing them to obtain a composite; (3) adding the complex in step (2) to anhydrous ethanol, stirring to a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH to 3-4 by adding acid, reacting at 180-200° C. for 8-12 hours, and then filtering and drying to obtain the core-shell flame retardant; (4) dispersing the flame retardant in step (3) in ethanol, adding 2 wt% of a vinyl silane coupling agent, mixing evenly, and reacting for 3-6 hours; adding the surface-modified aramid fabric in step (1) into ethanol, and adding an initiator to react, and after the reaction, taking out the aramid fabric and rinsing it with pure water and drying it to obtain the flame-retardant aramid fabric.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the acid source of ammonium polyphosphate in the core-shell structure, the carbonization-promoting effect of carbon nanotubes, and the gas source of melamine formaldehyde resin form a multi-stage flame retardant system. The phosphoric acid produced by the decomposition of ammonium polyphosphate catalyzes the dehydration of the matrix into carbon, the carbon nanotubes accelerate the graphitization of the carbon layer, and the inert gas released by the resin shell dilutes the concentration of combustibles. The three factors work together to form a physical barrier. The aramid fabric surface is grafted with vinyl groups. The flame retardant is surface-treated with a vinyl silane coupling agent. Under the action of an initiator, the vinyl groups polymerize with each other, thus grafting the flame retardant to the aramid fabric surface and preventing it from falling off.

[0007] Optionally, in step (1), glycidyl methacrylate and a photoinitiator are added to a solvent and mixed evenly, and then the aramid fabric is immersed in the solvent and reacted under ultraviolet light.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, glycidyl methacrylate is grafted onto the surface of the aramid fabric, so that the surface of the aramid fabric has vinyl functional groups, and it contains a large number of epoxy groups, which can react with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the flame retardant particles, thereby further fixing the flame retardant.

[0009] Optionally, in step (1), the aramid fabric is subjected to plasma surface treatment before use, with a treatment power of 50-60 W and a treatment time of 3-6 minutes.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the number of hydroxyl groups and other groups on the surface of the aramid fabric is increased, thereby further improving the grafting effect of glycidyl methacrylate.

[0011] Optionally, the photoinitiator is selected from benzophenone.

[0012] Optionally, the vinyl silane coupling agent is selected from one of vinyl trimethoxy silane and vinyl triethoxy silane, or a mixture of the two.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the flame retardant particles can be well modified, and the vinyl groups contained therein can easily react with glycidyl methacrylate.

[0014] Optionally, in step (4), the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate and hydrogen sulfite.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the initiator selected from the redox system can react at a lower temperature and does not need to be heated to a higher temperature.

[0016] Optionally, before use, the aramid fabric is immersed in an ethanol solution and ultrasonically cleaned, and then rinsed with pure water and dried.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the cleanliness of the surface of the aramid fabric is improved.

[0018] Optionally, in step (2), the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to carboxylated carbon nanotubes is (3-6):1.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and controlling the mass ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and carboxylated carbon nanotubes, the flame retardant effect is improved.

[0020] Optionally, in step (2), the mass ratio of melamine to formaldehyde is 1:(2-3).

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction is more complete, so that the flame retardant has a better effect.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket.

[0023] A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket, which is used in flame-retardant clothing.

[0024] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. Ammonium polyphosphate, a highly efficient nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant, decomposes upon heating to produce highly dehydrating polymetaphosphoric acid, which promotes carbonization of the matrix to form a dense expansion layer. The melamine formaldehyde resin shell releases inert gas at high temperatures, synergizing with the dehydration effect of ammonium polyphosphate to achieve a flame retardant effect by isolating heat, isolating oxygen, and preventing the volatilization of decomposition products. 2. The flame retardant has a core-shell structure and is surface-modified by a vinyl silane coupling agent. It is also grafted onto the surface of the aramid fabric by reacting with glycidyl methacrylate, thereby improving the connection stability and making it more durable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket is prepared from flame-retardant aramid fabric, which is prepared by the following steps: (1) preparing an aramid fabric, first immersing the aramid fabric in an ethanol solution and ultrasonically cleaning it, then rinsing it with pure water and drying it to remove impurities on the surface of the aramid fabric; then treating the surface of the aramid fabric with an oxygen plasma surface treatment power of 50-60 W and a treatment time of 5 min, thereby stimulating hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aramid fabric; adding 8 parts of glycidyl methacrylate and 1 part of a photoinitiator (selected from benzophenone) to 100 parts of an ethanol solvent and mixing them evenly; then soaking the aramid fabric in the obtained ethanol for 1 hour, then taking out the aramid fabric, and then irradiating it under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm for 30 minutes, thereby grafting the glycidyl methacrylate to the aramid surface; (2) preparing 6 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 2 parts of carboxylated carbon nanotubes and mixing them uniformly to obtain a first mixture; adding 1 part of melamine and 2 parts of formaldehyde, adjusting the pH to 8.5 with sodium hydroxide, and reacting in a 100° C. water bath to form a melamine formaldehyde resin; adding the first mixture to the obtained resin and mixing uniformly to form a composite with a microcapsule structure; (3) adding the complex in step (2) to anhydrous ethanol, stirring to a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH to 4 by adding sulfuric acid, reacting at 180° C. for 8 h to promote crosslinking of the melamine formaldehyde resin, and then filtering and drying to obtain the core-shell structure powdered flame retardant; (4) dispersing the flame retardant in step (3) in ethanol, adding 2 wt % of a vinyl silane coupling agent (selected from vinyl trimethoxysilane), mixing evenly, and reacting for 3 h; adding the surface-modified aramid fabric in step (1) into ethanol, and adding 0.5 wt % of an initiator (ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite in a mass ratio of 1:1) to react, taking out the aramid fabric after the reaction, rinsing it with pure water, and drying it to obtain the flame-retardant aramid fabric.

[0027] Example 2 A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket is prepared from flame-retardant aramid fabric, wherein the flame-retardant aramid fabric is prepared by the following steps: (1) preparing an aramid fabric, first immersing the aramid fabric in an ethanol solution and ultrasonically cleaning it, then rinsing it with pure water and drying it to remove impurities on the surface of the aramid fabric; then treating the surface of the aramid fabric with an oxygen plasma surface treatment power of 50-60 W and a treatment time of 5 min, thereby stimulating hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aramid fabric; adding 8 parts of glycidyl methacrylate and 1 part of a photoinitiator (selected from benzophenone) to 100 parts of an ethanol solvent and mixing them evenly; then soaking the aramid fabric in the obtained ethanol for 1 hour, then taking out the aramid fabric, and then irradiating it under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm for 30 minutes, thereby grafting the glycidyl methacrylate to the aramid surface; (2) preparing 6 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 2 parts of carboxylated carbon nanotubes and mixing them uniformly to obtain a first mixture; adding 1 part of melamine and 2 parts of formaldehyde, adjusting the pH to 8.5 with sodium hydroxide, and reacting in a 100° C. water bath to form a melamine formaldehyde resin; adding the first mixture to the obtained resin and mixing uniformly to form a composite with a microcapsule structure; (3) adding the complex in step (2) to anhydrous ethanol, stirring to a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH to 4 by adding sulfuric acid, reacting at 180° C. for 8 h to promote crosslinking of the melamine formaldehyde resin, and then filtering and drying to obtain the core-shell structure powdered flame retardant; (4) dispersing the flame retardant in step (3) in ethanol, adding 2 wt % of a vinyl silane coupling agent (selected from vinyl trimethoxysilane), mixing evenly, and reacting for 3 h; adding the surface-modified aramid fabric in step (1) into ethanol, and adding 0.5 wt % of an initiator (ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite in a mass ratio of 1:1) to react, taking out the aramid fabric after the reaction, rinsing it with pure water, and drying it to obtain the flame-retardant aramid fabric.

[0028] Example 3 A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket is prepared from flame-retardant aramid fabric, which is prepared by the following steps: (1) preparing an aramid fabric, first immersing the aramid fabric in an ethanol solution and ultrasonically cleaning it, then rinsing it with pure water and drying it to remove impurities on the surface of the aramid fabric; then treating the surface of the aramid fabric with an oxygen plasma surface treatment power of 50-60 W and a treatment time of 5 min, thereby stimulating hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aramid fabric; adding 12 parts of glycidyl methacrylate and 1 part of a photoinitiator (selected from benzophenone) to 100 parts of an ethanol solvent and mixing them evenly; then immersing the aramid fabric in the obtained ethanol for 1 hour, then taking out the aramid fabric, and then irradiating it under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm for 30 minutes, thereby grafting the glycidyl methacrylate to the aramid surface; (2) preparing 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 2 parts of carboxylated carbon nanotubes and mixing them uniformly to obtain a first mixture; adding 1 part of melamine and 3 parts of formaldehyde, adjusting the pH to 9 with sodium hydroxide, and reacting in a 100° C. water bath to form a melamine formaldehyde resin; adding the first mixture to the obtained resin and mixing uniformly to form a composite with a microcapsule structure; (3) adding the complex in step (2) to anhydrous ethanol, stirring to a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH to 4 by adding sulfuric acid, reacting at 180° C. for 8 h to promote crosslinking of the melamine formaldehyde resin, and then filtering and drying to obtain the core-shell structure powdered flame retardant; (4) dispersing the flame retardant in step (3) in ethanol, adding 2 wt % of a vinyl silane coupling agent (selected from vinyl trimethoxysilane), mixing evenly, and reacting for 3 h; adding the surface-modified aramid fabric in step (1) into ethanol, and adding 0.5 wt % of an initiator (ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite in a mass ratio of 1:1) to react, taking out the aramid fabric after the reaction, rinsing it with pure water, and drying it to obtain the flame-retardant aramid fabric.

[0029] Comparative Example 1 The process steps of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 1, except that the flame retardant is not surface treated with a vinyl silane coupling agent.

[0030] Comparative Example 2 The process steps of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 1, except that glycidyl methacrylate is not grafted onto the surface of the aramid fabric.

[0031] Performance test: The sample is suspended vertically in a special combustion box and ignited from the bottom with a standard flame. The after-flame time is recorded. A bending fatigue testing machine is used, with fixtures clamped at both ends of the sample. The fixtures are reciprocatingly driven closer and farther away from each other, thereby subjecting the sample to 1000 bending fatigue cycles. The after-flame time of the sample after bending fatigue is then tested.

[0032] Table 1 Test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 Afterburning time / s After-burning time after 1000 fatigue cycles / s Example 1 1.23 1.19 Example 2 1.05 1.01 Example 3 0.94 0.93 Comparative Example 1 1.67 2.63 Comparative Example 2 2.68 3.65 By comparing the tests of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that by using a vinyl silane coupling agent to modify the surface of the flame retardant and then reacting with the vinyl on the surface of the aramid fabric, the flame retardant is grafted to the surface of the aramid fabric in the form of a chemical bond. As a result, after bending fatigue, the flame retardant can still be stably retained on the fabric surface. When used in fire-fighting clothing, it is not easy for the flame retardant performance to decrease during wearing.

[0033] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket, characterized by: The jacket is made of flame-retardant aramid fabric, which is prepared by the following steps: (1) Surface treatment of aramid fabric is performed, and vinyl functional groups are grafted onto the surface of the aramid fabric to obtain surface-modified aramid fabric; (2) Preparing a core-shell flame retardant, firstly, ammonium polyphosphate and carboxylated carbon nanotubes are mixed uniformly to obtain a first mixture, melamine and formaldehyde are reacted in an aqueous solution, and the pH is adjusted to 8-9, and the reaction is carried out in a water bath at a temperature of 70-100°C to form a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and then the first mixture obtained above is added to the melamine-formaldehyde resin and mixed uniformly to obtain a composite; (3) adding the complex prepared in step (2) to anhydrous ethanol, stirring to a uniform suspension, adjusting the pH to 3-4 by adding acid, reacting at 180-200° C. for 8-12 hours, and then filtering and drying to obtain the core-shell flame retardant; (4) The flame retardant in step (3) is dispersed in ethanol, and 2 wt% of a vinyl silane coupling agent is added, mixed evenly, and reacted for 3-6 hours; the surface-modified aramid fabric in step (1) is added to ethanol, and an initiator is added to react. After the reaction, the aramid fabric is taken out and rinsed with pure water and dried to obtain the flame-retardant aramid fabric.

2. A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), glycidyl methacrylate and a photoinitiator are added to a solvent and mixed evenly, and then the aramid fabric is immersed in the solvent and reacted under ultraviolet light.

3. A lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (1), the aramid fabric is first subjected to plasma surface treatment before use, with a treatment power of 50-60 W and a treatment time of 3-6 minutes.

4. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photoinitiator is selected from benzophenone.

5. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vinyl silane coupling agent is selected from one of vinyl trimethoxy silane and vinyl triethoxy silane or a mixture of the two.

6. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite.

7. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before use, the aramid fabric is immersed in an ethanol solution and ultrasonically cleaned, and then rinsed with pure water and dried.

8. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to carboxylated carbon nanotubes is (3-6):

1.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: In the step (2), the mass ratio of melamine to formaldehyde is 1:(2-3).

10. The lightweight flame-retardant firefighting jacket according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The jacket is used in flame retardant clothing.