A flexible floating net wave-breaking device and its implementation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible floating net wave-breaking device and its implementation method. The device includes relatively arranged support brackets, a double-layer wave-breaking net, a plurality of liquid-carrying buoys, and tension cables. The wave-breaking net is composed of a plurality of lattice mesh units arranged in a matrix. The lattice mesh units are fishbone-like structures, including an I-shaped main structure and a plurality of highly elastic ribs arranged on both sides of the I-shaped main structure. Each lattice mesh unit is provided with a plurality of cable-through structures, which are connected to the support brackets by tension cables passing through the cable-through structures. The double-layer wave-breaking nets are arranged in parallel. The liquid-carrying buoys are arranged between the double-layer wave-breaking nets and arranged in a matrix. The liquid-carrying buoys are provided with perforations, which are connected to the support brackets by tension cables passing through the perforations. By arranging the flexible wave-breaking net and the liquid-carrying buoys, the device can effectively absorb wave energy and reduce erosion of coastlines and marine structures. It has the advantages of low cost, easy installation, and environmental friendliness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of marine engineering, and in particular relates to a flexible floating net wave-breaking device for reducing wave energy and protecting coastlines and marine structures, and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coastal erosion and maintaining the stability of marine structures under the influence of wave dynamics are key, long-standing scientific challenges in coastal engineering. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, approximately 70% of the world's sandy coastlines are experiencing varying degrees of erosion and degradation, resulting in severe economic losses. While traditional rigid wave-breaking structures (such as vertical breakwaters and riprap revetments) can effectively attenuate wave energy, their hydrodynamic characteristics trigger secondary scouring effects that lead to dramatic changes in the surrounding seabed. Furthermore, discrete protective structures such as concrete wave-breaking blocks have inherent drawbacks such as high production energy consumption, long construction periods, and significant ecological disruption.

[0003] In recent years, with the continued increase in offshore development and increasingly stringent ecological protection requirements, flexible floating wave-breaking structures have become a research hotspot due to their environmental friendliness and dynamic adaptability. These structures offer advantages such as portability, ease of installation, and minimal impact on the existing bottom morphology and ecological environment. However, existing flexible floating wave-breaking structures, due to their lightness and thinness, often struggle to achieve the same wave-breaking performance as traditional rigid wave-breaking structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provide a flexible floating net wave-breaking device and its implementation method, which can effectively reduce wave energy, protect coastlines and marine structures, and has the advantages of low cost, easy installation and environmental friendliness.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a flexible floating net wave-breaking device, comprising relatively arranged support brackets, a double-layer wave-breaking net, a plurality of liquid-carrying buoys, and tensioning cables; wherein:

[0007] The wave-breaking net is composed of a plurality of lattice mesh units arranged in a matrix. The lattice mesh units are fishbone-like structures, including an I-shaped main structure and a plurality of highly elastic rib rods arranged on both sides of the I-shaped main structure. Each lattice mesh unit is provided with a plurality of cable structures, which are connected to the support bracket by tensioning cables passing through the cable structures. The double-layer wave-breaking nets are arranged in parallel.

[0008] The liquid-carrying floating balls are arranged between the double-layer wave-breaking nets and in a matrix arrangement. The liquid-carrying floating balls are provided with perforations, and tension cables are passed through the perforations to connect the liquid-carrying floating balls to the supporting brackets.

[0009] In some embodiments, the I-shaped main structure includes a web and wing plates located at the upper and lower ends of the web, and the web is provided with openings; the cable-threading structure is provided on the wing plates;

[0010] The lattice mesh unit is an integrated molding structure; or the lattice mesh unit is assembled from an I-shaped main structure and high-elastic rib rods, and a plurality of fixing holes are provided on both sides of the web, and the high-elastic rib rods are fixed in the fixing holes.

[0011] In some embodiments, a tail ball is provided at the tail end of the high-elastic rib rod; the material of the I-shaped main structure is high-strength and corrosion-resistant nylon composite glass fiber, polyurethane resin or nylon; the material of the high-elastic rib rod is high-elastic polyurethane; the material of the tail ball is stainless steel.

[0012] In some embodiments, several lattice mesh units are connected in series into rows by tensioning cables passing through a cable-threading structure, and hollow spacer columns are provided between adjacent lattice mesh units. The tensioning cables simultaneously pass through the spacer columns to keep the lattice mesh units at appropriate spacing; multiple rows of lattice mesh units are connected in parallel to support brackets.

[0013] In some embodiments, the liquid-carrying float is a centrally perforated structure with a hollow interior, wherein the hollow portion is filled with liquid; the liquid is consistent with the external water body of the liquid-carrying float; and the loading amount of the liquid needs to ensure that the average density of the entire liquid-carrying float is the same as that of the external water body.

[0014] In some embodiments, several liquid-carrying floats are connected in series in a row by tensioning cables passing through the perforations. Hollow limiters are provided on both sides of the liquid-carrying floats. The tensioning cables pass through the limiters at the same time to fix the positions of the liquid-carrying floats. Multiple rows of liquid-carrying floats are connected in parallel to the support brackets.

[0015] In some embodiments, the supporting bracket includes a fixed frame, a front end vertical pole and a rear end vertical pole hinged to the front and rear ends of the fixed frame respectively, and the rear end vertical pole is a retractable vertical pole; the top elevation of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device is 0.5~1 times the wave height value.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fixed frame includes three parallel connecting rods and fixed rods fixed to both ends of the connecting rods. The double-layer wave-breaking net is connected to the connecting rods on both sides through tensioning cables, and the liquid-carrying buoy is connected to the middle connecting rod through tensioning cables; a number of tensioners are provided on the connecting rods of the fixed frame, and the tensioning cables are connected to the supporting bracket through the tensioners.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bottom of the front and rear uprights in the support bracket is an anchoring section, which is used to be inserted into the stratum for anchoring; an anchoring foot cover is nested above the anchoring section to cover the soil around the anchoring section.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing the flexible floating net wave-breaking device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: transporting the various components of the flexible floating net wave dissipation device to the construction site independently;

[0020] S2: The flexible floating net wave-breaking device is installed in the wave-breaking zone area, and the supporting bracket is first fixed in the soil;

[0021] S3: Passing a tensioning cable through the cable-threading structure on the lattice mesh unit, connecting a plurality of lattice mesh units to a supporting bracket, thereby completing the installation of a layer of wave-breaking net;

[0022] S4: Above the wave-breaking net installed in step S3, several liquid-carrying floats are connected to the support brackets by tensioning cables passing through the holes of the liquid-carrying floats to complete the installation of the liquid-carrying floats;

[0023] S5: Above the liquid-carrying buoy installed in step S4, a plurality of lattice mesh units are connected to the supporting bracket by passing a tensioning cable through the cable-threading structure on the lattice mesh unit, thereby completing the installation of another layer of wave-breaking net.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention can effectively absorb wave energy and reduce erosion of coastlines and marine structures by arranging a double-layer flexible wave-breaking net and a floating unit composed of several liquid-carrying buoys. At the same time, it has the advantages of low cost, easy installation and environmental friendliness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side view of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wave-breaking net.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a lattice mesh unit.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the I-shaped main structure.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the liquid-carrying float.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a lattice mesh unit with a tail ball.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the physical model layout.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 10-support bracket; 11-fixed frame; 12-front vertical pole; 13-rear vertical pole; 14-tensioner; 15-anchor foot cover; 16-connecting rod; 17-fixing rod; 20-wave-breaking net; 21-lattice mesh unit; 22-I-shaped main structure; 23-high elastic rib rod; 24-cable structure; 25-web; 26-wing plate; 27-opening; 28-tail ball; 29-spacer column; 30-liquid-carrying float; 31-limiting piece; 40-tensioning cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a flexible floating net wave-breaking device, comprising a supporting frame 10, a double-layer wave-breaking net 20, a plurality of liquid-carrying buoys 30 and a tensioning cable 40 arranged opposite to each other; wherein:

[0039] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the wave-breaking net 20 is composed of a number of lattice mesh units 21 arranged in a matrix. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the lattice mesh unit 21 is a fishbone-like structure, including an I-shaped main structure 22 and a plurality of highly elastic rib rods 23 arranged on both sides of the I-shaped main structure 22. Each lattice mesh unit 21 is provided with a plurality of cable structures 24, which are connected to the support bracket 10 by tensioning cables 40 passing through the cable structures 24. The double-layer wave-breaking nets 20 are arranged in parallel.

[0040] Combine Figure 6As shown, the liquid-carrying floats 30 are disposed between the double-layer wave-breaking nets 20 and arranged in a matrix. The liquid-carrying floats 30 are provided with perforations (not shown in the figure), and tension cables 40 are passed through the perforations to connect them to the support brackets 10.

[0041] The flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention dissipates wave energy and reduces currents through the vibration of highly elastic ribs 23, the resistance of the I-shaped main structure 22, and the liquid-carrying buoys 30. Furthermore, the liquid-carrying buoys 30, positioned between the double-layered wave-breaking nets 20, increase the spacing between them, broaden their shielding area, and increase the flow-reducing area.

[0042] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the I-shaped main structure 22 includes a web 25 and wing plates 26 at the upper and lower ends of the web 25. The web 25 is provided with openings 27. The cable-passing structure 24 is provided on the wing plates 26. When waves strike, part of the water flows through the web 25 through the openings 27, rather than being completely blocked. This avoids local stress concentration and reduces the direct impact of the waves on the structure.

[0043] The above-mentioned lattice mesh unit 21 is an integrated molding structure and can be manufactured using 3D printing technology; or the above-mentioned lattice mesh unit 21 is assembled from an I-shaped main structure 22 and a high-elastic rib rod 23. A number of fixing holes (not marked in the figure) are provided on both sides of the web 25 of the I-shaped main structure 22, and the high-elastic rib rod 23 is fixed in the fixing holes, and conventional fixing methods such as gluing can be used.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, a tail ball 28 may be further provided at the end of the highly elastic rib rod 23 to dissipate wave energy through the vibration of the tail ball 28 and the highly elastic rib rod 23 .

[0045] The I-shaped main structure 22 is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant nylon composite glass fiber, polyurethane resin or nylon; the high-elastic rib rod 23 is made of high-elastic polyurethane; and the tail ball 28 is made of stainless steel.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, several lattice mesh units 21 are connected in series into rows by tensioning cables 40 passing through the cable-through structure 24, and hollow spacer columns 29 are arranged between adjacent lattice mesh units 21. The tensioning cables 40 pass through the spacer columns 29 at the same time to keep the lattice mesh units 21 at an appropriate spacing; multiple rows of lattice mesh units 21 are connected in parallel to the supporting bracket 10.

[0047] Furthermore, the liquid-carrying float 30 is a centrally perforated structure with a hollow interior, which is filled with liquid. The specific liquid used should be consistent with the water surrounding the liquid-carrying float 30, such as test water in a laboratory tank or seawater in an ocean environment. The liquid loading volume should ensure that the average density of the entire liquid-carrying float 30 is the same as that of the surrounding water.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of liquid-carrying floats 30 are connected in series in a row by tensioning cables 40 passing through the perforations. Hollow stoppers 31 are provided on both sides of the liquid-carrying floats 30. The tensioning cables 40 pass through the stoppers 31 to fix the positions of the liquid-carrying floats 30. Multiple rows of liquid-carrying floats 30 are connected in parallel to the support bracket 10.

[0049] Back to Figure 2 The support frame 10 includes a fixed frame 11, and front and rear uprights 12 and 13 hinged to the front and rear ends of the fixed frame 11, respectively. The rear uprights 13 are retractable, and the height of the device can be adjusted to accommodate different tidal conditions. The top elevation is the vertical height of the highest point of the device relative to mean sea level.

[0050] The top elevation of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention is 0.5 to 1 times the wave height. Therefore, when the tide level is high, the height of the rear end vertical pole 13 needs to be increased; when the tide level is low, the height of the rear end vertical pole 13 needs to be lowered.

[0051] The above-mentioned fixed frame 11 includes three parallel connecting rods 16 and fixed rods 17 fixed to both ends of the connecting rods 16. The double-layer wave-breaking net 20 is connected to the connecting rods 16 on both sides through tensioning cables 40, and the liquid-carrying float 30 is connected to the middle connecting rod 16 through tensioning cables 40.

[0052] Several tensioners 14 are provided on the connecting rod 16 of the fixed frame 11, and the tensioning cable 40 is connected to the supporting bracket 10 through the tensioner 14. The preload force of the tensioning cable 40 can be changed through the tensioner 14, thereby adjusting the vertical swing amplitude of the wave-breaking net 20 or the liquid-carrying buoy 30 suspended on the tensioning cable 40.

[0053] Under normal waves, the wave-breaking net 20 and the liquid-carrying buoy 30 are in a tensioned state, which can achieve a better wave-breaking effect; when in storm surge conditions, the tensioner 14 is adjusted to make the wave-breaking net 20 and the liquid-carrying buoy 30 in a relaxed state to prevent the device from being damaged under harsh conditions.

[0054] Furthermore, the bottom of the front end pole 12 and the rear end pole 13 of the support bracket 10 is an anchoring section, which is inserted into the stratum to play an anchoring role; Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an anchor foot cover plate 15 is nested above the anchor section to cover the soil around the anchor section to prevent the soil around the anchor section from being eroded by waves and causing anchor failure.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides an implementation method of the flexible floating net wave dissipation device of embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1: Each component module of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device is transported independently to the construction site. The detachable structure is small in size and light in weight, making it easy to transport.

[0058] S2: The wave-breaking device is installed in the wave-breaking zone. First, the anchoring sections of the front and rear vertical poles 12 and 13 of the support bracket 10 are driven into the soil using a pile driver, and the anchor foot cover 15 is brought into close contact with the soil.

[0059] S3: Passing the tensioning cables 40 through the cable-threading structures 24 on the lattice mesh units 21, connecting several lattice mesh units 21 to the supporting brackets 10, and anchoring them through the tensioners 14, thus completing the installation of a layer of wave-breaking net 20;

[0060] S4: Above the wave-breaking net 20 installed in step S3, a plurality of liquid-carrying floats 30 are connected to the support bracket 10 by passing the tensioning cable 40 through the perforations of the liquid-carrying floats 30 and anchored by the tensioner 14 to complete the installation of the liquid-carrying floats 30;

[0061] S5: Above the liquid-carrying buoy 30 installed in step S4, the tensioning cable 40 is passed through the cable-threading structure 24 on the lattice mesh unit 21, the lattice mesh unit 21 is connected to the support frame 10, and anchored by the tensioner 14, thereby completing the installation of another layer of wave-breaking net 20;

[0062] S6: According to the tide level and the size of the waves, adjust the height of the rear end pole 13 of the support bracket 10 to change the angle of the entire device, adjust the tension of the tensioner 14 to change the vertical swing amplitude of the wave-breaking net 20 and the liquid-carrying buoy 30, and thus achieve a better wave-breaking effect.

[0063] Example 3, experimental verification

[0064] In order to verify the wave-breaking effect of the device in Example 1, a physical model test was carried out. The physical model layout diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 8As shown, the flexible floating net wave-canceling device of Example 1 was placed in a water tank with a water depth of 0.8 m. A wave-making plate was installed in front of the wave-canceling device to simulate waves. A wave height meter #1 was deployed 5 m in front of the wave-canceling device. The wave height measured by the wave height meter #1 was used as the incident wave height H1. Wave height meters #2 and #3 were deployed 1 m and 2 m behind the wave-canceling device, respectively. The average of the wave heights measured by the wave height meters #2 and #3 was used as the post-wave-canceling wave height H2. The wave coefficient = (H1 - H2) / H1 * 100%. Based on the results of the physical model test, the wave-canceling coefficients under different operating conditions are shown in Table 1 below.

[0065] Table 1

[0066]

[0067] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the flexible floating net wave-breaking device of the present invention has a wave-breaking coefficient of more than 11% under different simulated working conditions, and can reach up to 17% at the highest, showing good wave-breaking performance.

[0068] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the art who, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible floating net wave-breaking device, characterized in that: It includes relatively arranged support brackets, a double-layer wave-breaking net, a number of liquid-carrying buoys and tensioning cables; wherein: The wave-breaking net is composed of a plurality of lattice mesh units arranged in a matrix. The lattice mesh units are fishbone-like structures, including an I-shaped main structure and a plurality of highly elastic rib rods arranged on both sides of the I-shaped main structure. Each lattice mesh unit is provided with a plurality of cable structures, which are connected to the support bracket by tensioning cables passing through the cable structures. The double-layer wave-breaking nets are arranged in parallel. The liquid-carrying floating balls are arranged between the double-layer wave-breaking nets and in a matrix arrangement. The liquid-carrying floating balls are provided with perforations, and tension cables are passed through the perforations to connect the liquid-carrying floating balls to the supporting brackets.

2. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The I-shaped main structure includes a web and wing plates located at the upper and lower ends of the web, and the web is provided with openings; the cable-threading structure is provided on the wing plates; The lattice mesh unit is an integrated molding structure; or the lattice mesh unit is assembled from an I-shaped main structure and high-elastic rib rods, and a plurality of fixing holes are provided on both sides of the web, and the high-elastic rib rods are fixed in the fixing holes.

3. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail end of the high-elastic rib rod is provided with a tail ball; the material of the I-shaped main structure is high-strength and corrosion-resistant nylon composite glass fiber, polyurethane resin or nylon; the material of the high-elastic rib rod is high-elastic polyurethane; the material of the tail ball is stainless steel.

4. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several lattice mesh units are connected in series into rows by tensioning cables passing through a cable-threading structure. Hollow spacer columns are provided between adjacent lattice mesh units. The tensioning cables pass through the spacer columns at the same time to keep the lattice mesh units at appropriate intervals. Multiple rows of lattice mesh units are connected in parallel to support brackets.

5. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-carrying float is a centrally perforated structure with a hollow interior, wherein the hollow portion is filled with liquid; the liquid is consistent with the external water body of the liquid-carrying float; and the loading amount of the liquid needs to ensure that the average density of the entire liquid-carrying float is the same as that of the external water body.

6. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several liquid-carrying floats are connected in series in a row by tensioning cables passing through the perforations. Hollow limiters are provided on both sides of the liquid-carrying floats. The tensioning cables pass through the limiters at the same time to fix the positions of the liquid-carrying floats. Multiple rows of liquid-carrying floats are connected in parallel to the support brackets.

7. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support bracket includes a fixed frame, a front end vertical pole and a rear end vertical pole respectively hinged to the front and rear ends of the fixed frame, and the rear end vertical pole is a retractable vertical pole; the top elevation of the flexible floating net wave-breaking device is 0.5 to 1 times the wave height value.

8. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed frame includes three parallel connecting rods and fixed rods fixed to both ends of the connecting rods. The double-layer wave-breaking net is connected to the connecting rods on both sides through tensioning cables, and the liquid-carrying buoy is connected to the middle connecting rod through tensioning cables. Several tensioners are provided on the connecting rods of the fixed frame, and the tensioning cables are connected to the supporting brackets through the tensioners.

9. The flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottoms of the front and rear vertical poles in the support bracket are anchoring sections, which are used to be inserted into the stratum for anchoring; an anchoring foot cover is nested above the anchoring section to cover the soil around the anchoring section.

10. A method for implementing a flexible floating net wave-breaking device, using the flexible floating net wave-breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: transporting the various components of the flexible floating net wave dissipation device to the construction site independently; S2: The flexible floating net wave-breaking device is installed in the wave-breaking zone area, and the supporting bracket is first fixed in the soil; S3: Passing a tensioning cable through the cable-threading structure on the lattice mesh unit, connecting a plurality of lattice mesh units to a supporting bracket, thereby completing the installation of a layer of wave-breaking net; S4: Above the wave-breaking net installed in step S3, several liquid-carrying floats are connected to the support brackets by tensioning cables passing through the holes of the liquid-carrying floats to complete the installation of the liquid-carrying floats; S5: Above the liquid-carrying buoy installed in step S4, a plurality of lattice mesh units are connected to the supporting bracket by passing a tensioning cable through the cable-threading structure on the lattice mesh unit, thereby completing the installation of another layer of wave-breaking net.

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