Laboratory data transmission method, device and system based on Internet of Things, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data transmission and the Internet of Things, in particular to a laboratory data transmission method, device and system based on the Internet of Things and a storage medium. According to the laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things, firstly, a data interface is set, and laboratory data is uploaded to an Internet of Things cloud platform through the data interface; the data interface can be a computer interface isolated from a public network, namely, the data interface does not have a data editing function, so that the data is prevented from being tampered in the uploading process. According to the method, to-be-uploaded data of a laboratory is divided into fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data, and the data length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by experiment content; linear coding is carried out on the fixed-length data and the non-fixed-length data; the linear coding format of the non-fixed-length data is {the number of parameters and the content of each parameter}. According to the invention, the defect that laboratory data is limited to a local area network and cannot be remotely accessed is overcome, and a security interface and a data structure are combined, so that multiple pieces of laboratory data can be accessed through the Internet of Things under the condition of ensuring data security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data transmission and the Internet of Things, and in particular to a laboratory data transmission method, device, system and storage medium based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Domestic refrigeration and air conditioning manufacturers are expanding annually, with increasing density and complexity in factory and performance testing. Consequently, their laboratories are becoming larger and more multifunctional. However, these laboratories often utilize independent measurement and control models, with each rarely interacting with other systems and networks, or sharing data or resources. This decentralized layout, lack of centralized management, and inadequate overall data analysis capabilities severely hinder improvements in production efficiency and quality management. With the advancement of digital technology, refrigeration and air conditioning manufacturers urgently need a technology that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) to enable digital laboratory operations and maintenance.

[0003] The laboratory is a natural carrier for the Internet of Things, equipped with a large number of sensors, controllers, and various intelligent instruments. In traditional laboratories, instruments such as PLCs, touch screens, data loggers, power meters, and regulators are connected to switches, which are then connected to field test computers (PCs) via Ethernet. This local area network (LAN) enables data transmission and equipment control. While data security is guaranteed within the LAN, it prevents remote access to laboratory data via the internet, making remote operation and data retrieval impossible, resulting in inconvenience. Furthermore, laboratories can only be managed independently, making data integration across multiple labs impossible and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defect in the above-mentioned prior art that laboratory data is limited to the local area network and cannot be accessed remotely, the present invention proposes a laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things, which combines a secure interface and a data structure to access multiple laboratory data through the Internet of Things while ensuring data security.

[0005] The present invention proposes a laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things. First, the laboratory's data to be uploaded is aggregated through the laboratory's local network, encoded into linear data, and then sent to the Internet of Things gateway through a data protocol isolated from the public network. The data is then sent to the Internet of Things cloud platform through the Internet of Things gateway.

[0006] The data to be uploaded in the laboratory is divided into fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data. The length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by the experimental content. The fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data are linearly encoded respectively. The linear encoding format of the non-fixed-length data is: {number of parameters; content of each parameter}.

[0007] Preferably, the data to be uploaded is divided into raw data and test data; the raw data includes sensor acquisition data, power meter data, test machine operation data, adjustment table data set and PLC status data; the test data includes control commands, current test quantity, test type and detailed data of each test machine; the fixed-length data includes raw data, control commands, current test quantity and test type of each test; the non-fixed-length data includes detailed data.

[0008] Preferably, the detailed data includes optional parameters of the experiment, nameplate parameters, operating parameters and calculation parameters.

[0009] Preferably, the linearly encoded data is sent to the IoT gateway via the ModbusTCP protocol; the IoT gateway sends the linearly encoded data to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol.

[0010] Preferably, the IoT cloud platform provides a standard WebAPI data access interface to provide data access services to remote servers.

[0011] The present invention proposes a laboratory data transmission device based on the Internet of Things, comprising:

[0012] The data acquisition module is used to collect experimental data;

[0013] The data encoding module is connected to the data acquisition module to receive the collected experimental data and perform linear encoding, and then send it to the IoT gateway through the ModbusTCP protocol;

[0014] The linear encoding method of the data encoding module is as follows: the collected experimental data is divided into fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data. The length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by the experimental content; the fixed-length data and the non-fixed-length data are linearly encoded separately; the linear encoding format of the non-fixed-length data is: {number of parameters; content of each parameter};

[0015] The IoT gateway sends the linearly encoded data received from the data encoding module to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol;

[0016] The data parsing module receives linearly encoded data from the IoT cloud platform through the WebAPI interface and performs data parsing according to the set data transmission expression rules;

[0017] The data storage module receives the parsed data from the data parsing module and stores it in the database.

[0018] Preferably, the data encoding module converts the experimental data collected by the data acquisition module into linear register data, and then sends the linear register data to the Internet of Things gateway through the ModbusTCP protocol; the Internet of Things gateway sends the linear register data to the Internet of Things cloud platform through the MQTT Internet of Things protocol and 4G / 5G network.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a fault prediction module and an operation and maintenance management module; the fault prediction module performs predictive diagnosis on the analyzed data of the data analysis module; the operation and maintenance management module is respectively connected to the data analysis module, the data storage module and the fault prediction module to perform data visualization and analysis.

[0020] The present invention proposes a laboratory data transmission system based on the Internet of Things, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is connected to the memory, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things.

[0021] The present invention proposes a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things.

[0022] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention proposes a laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things. First, a data interface is set up, and laboratory data is uploaded to the Internet of Things cloud platform through the data interface. The data interface can adopt a computer interface isolated from the public network, that is, the data interface does not have a data editing function to avoid data tampering during the upload process. The present invention also provides a method for encoding and parsing laboratory data, so that it can transmit data through the Internet of Things gateway, and can transmit structured real-time data including collectors, power meters, test machines, adjustment tables, PLCs, test selections, nameplates, working conditions, calculations, etc., realizing the feasibility of digital operation and maintenance of refrigeration and air-conditioning laboratories through the Internet of Things gateway.

[0024] (2) The present invention proposes an IoT-based laboratory data transmission device, which establishes an intelligent IoT gateway connected to the 4G / 5G network in the laboratory's local area network through a switch. Then, the laboratory data is uploaded to the IoT gateway through an edited data transmission interface, so that the IoT gateway at the test site can be accessed on a remote IoT cloud platform to remotely obtain the test data at the laboratory site.

[0025] (3) The present invention can distinguish multiple tests running simultaneously at the test site, construct different test IDs according to the test selection content, perform database storage and data visualization analysis; and improve the production efficiency and quality management level of refrigeration and air-conditioning product manufacturers through information-based remote operation and maintenance means.

[0026] (4) The present invention can realize flexible test status monitoring. After the tester leaves work, he can continue to monitor the unfinished tests in the factory through a mobile phone or computer. This is conducive to improving the publicity and display effects. For example, a refrigeration and air-conditioning product manufacturer can show its customers the tests being carried out in the factory through a mobile phone or computer, thereby improving the competitiveness of its products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the connection of equipment modules in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the data in the examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment proposes an Internet of Things-based laboratory data transmission method, which divides the laboratory data to be uploaded into: fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data, where the data length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by the experimental content; the fixed-length data and the non-fixed-length data are linearly encoded respectively, and then uploaded to the Internet of Things gateway using a data interface protocol isolated from the public network, and then sent by the Internet of Things gateway to the Internet of Things cloud platform for remote server access, thereby realizing remote access to laboratory data.

[0032] The data to be uploaded is divided into raw data unrelated to the experiment content and test data related to the experiment content. Raw data includes sensor acquisition data, power meter data, test unit operation data, adjustment table data sets, and PLC status data. Test data includes control commands, the current number of tests, the test type of each test unit, and detailed data. Detailed data specifically includes optional parameters, nameplate parameters, operating parameters, and calculation parameters.

[0033] Fixed-length data includes raw data, control commands, current test number, and test type of each test. Non-fixed-length data includes all detailed data. The linear encoding format of non-fixed-length data is: {number of parameters; content of each parameter}; for example:

[0034] {Number of optional parameters; content of each optional parameter}

[0035] {Number of nameplate parameters, each nameplate parameter data}

[0036] {Number of working condition parameters; content of each working condition parameter}

[0037] {Number of calculation parameters; content of each calculation parameter}.

[0038] The following describes the above-mentioned laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] This embodiment uses a refrigeration and air-conditioning test laboratory as the experimental object. After encoding various sensor data in the refrigeration and air-conditioning test laboratory according to a specified format, it is transmitted to a remote data center through an Internet of Things gateway. The data center server parses the data and then performs data visualization and data monitoring analysis, thereby improving the informationization and intelligence level of the refrigeration and air-conditioning test laboratory.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 ,The laboratory data transmission system based on the Internet of Things in this embodiment includes: a data acquisition module, a data encoding module, an Internet of Things gateway, a data parsing module, and a data storage module.

[0041] The data acquisition module is used to collect experimental data, i.e., the laboratory data to be uploaded. In this embodiment, the data acquisition module communicates with the collector, power meter, regulator, PLC, and the refrigeration and air-conditioning product being tested via various communication buses such as RS232, RS485, and TCP / IP. The read and write code of the data source device (e.g., collector, power meter, etc.) is abstracted and encapsulated according to the concept of inheritance, modular software structure, and configured usage. The module fully considers the communication characteristics that need to be guaranteed in refrigeration and air-conditioning product testing, such as real-time communication, accuracy, and stability. Error data generated by communication link interference is filtered and error logs are recorded, providing periodic detection of the connection status of the communication link.

[0042] The data encoding module, connected to the data acquisition module, receives collected experimental data, linearly encodes it, and then transmits it to the IoT gateway via the Modbus TCP protocol. Because the IoT gateway uses linear registers to store and transmit data, and the test data for refrigeration and air conditioning products is diverse and complex in structure, this embodiment maps this complex test data structure to linear registers, thereby achieving real-time data transmission in the refrigeration and air conditioning test laboratory through the IoT gateway.

[0043] The IoT gateway sends the linearly encoded data received from the data encoding module to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol. The IoT cloud platform provides a standard WebAPI data access interface to provide data access services to remote servers. This function is provided by the IoT gateway manufacturer.

[0044] The data parsing module receives linearly encoded data from the IoT cloud platform through the WebAPI interface, parses the data according to the set data transmission expression rules, and restores it to real-time data of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0045] The data storage module receives parsed real-time data on refrigeration and air conditioning products from the data analysis module and stores it in a database. This module performs preliminary data analysis before data storage, reducing system resource consumption for subsequent data queries and analysis and improving query efficiency. The preliminary analysis results and real-time data are then stored in a SQL Server database at 5-second intervals. When historical data queries are required, the data is sent to the operations management module for visualization and analysis.

[0046] The data analysis module can also send real-time data of refrigeration and air-conditioning products to the fault prediction module for fault diagnosis and to the operation and maintenance management module for data visualization analysis and remote monitoring.

[0047] The fault prediction module uses both threshold alarms and knowledge-based alarms to predict equipment operating status. The knowledge-based alarm method extracts fault characteristics from past fault case data to form a fault knowledge base. New faults are automatically matched against the fault pattern library, and the one with the highest similarity is the fault diagnosis conclusion. The fault prediction results are sent to the operation and maintenance management module for data visualization and analysis.

[0048] The operation and maintenance management module receives real-time data from the data analysis module, historical data from the data storage module, and fault prediction results from the fault prediction module. After aggregation, it performs data visualization and analysis. It includes multiple independent units such as large-screen data display and mobile terminal display. The module design combines the richness of data and the beauty of the interface, supports major functions such as real-time laboratory data access, statistical data query, fault alarm reminder, etc., and is designed for compatibility with various terminals and browser versions.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 ,The structured real-time data of the refrigeration and air-conditioning laboratory is mainly divided into two categories:

[0050] The first category is raw data unrelated to the test, such as data obtained from the data collector, power meter, test machine, adjustment table, and PLC. This data exists regardless of whether the test is running. Because this data is in a fixed order and read-only, it is designed to be stored in the input register of ModbusTCP.

[0051] The second category is data related to the test, such as test selection, test conditions, test nameplate data, test calculation results, etc. This part of data will only exist when the test is carried out. Due to the particularity of the refrigeration and air-conditioning test laboratory, the laboratory may carry out multiple different types of tests, such as testing water-cooled unit units on the indoor side, testing air-cooled air-conditioning units on the outdoor side, and even conducting tests in a cross-combination of multiple resources. Therefore, the amount of the second category of data changes with the number of tests carried out on site. In the process of data encoding, all these possible situations should be taken into account. This embodiment reserves the command control intervention function of the remote data center to the test site, so this part of data is designed in the holding register of ModbusTCP.

[0052] In order to maintain data consistency and reduce manual configuration, all data are represented by 4-byte floating-point numbers. For integer data, forced type conversion is performed in the data parsing module.

[0053] The collector data mainly includes analog data related to the operating status of the laboratory, such as temperature, pressure, flow, speed, torque, etc., and the data volume is a.

[0054] The power meter data mainly includes analog data related to the power supply status of the test machine, such as current, voltage, frequency, and power, and the data volume is b.

[0055] The operating data of the test machine mainly includes analog data related to the operation of the test machine, such as gear, load, and operating status. It is mainly obtained through communication with the test machine, and its data volume is c.

[0056] The control table data primarily includes control parameters such as setpoints, current values, and output percentages read from the control instruments that perform PID control on laboratory equipment. If the number of control tables is x, the total data volume is 3x. This total data volume, 3x, is taken as d.

[0057] PLC data primarily consists of device switch and alarm status read from the laboratory PLC. These data are all digital quantities. To reduce communication data volume, data is transmitted according to the actual register word addresses in the PLC. The actual transmitted data is integer data represented by floating-point numbers, with a data size of e.

[0058] The control command area has a fixed data capacity of 3, consisting of an instruction code, a control item, and a set value. When a remote data center is required to perform test intervention, the remote data center controls the device using different instruction codes and control items. The instruction code is primarily used to distinguish control targets, such as those for a table control target or a PLC control target. The control item is primarily used to distinguish control items, such as speed control or temperature control for a table control target. The set value is primarily used to provide control parameters, that is, the set value of the control item. This section defaults to 0 when data encoding is sent and is only enabled when device control is required.

[0059] The current test number, whose data volume is fixed at 1, represents the number k of tests currently being conducted in the laboratory.

[0060] The above data area is a fixed-length data area. The subsequent data area related to the test is a non-fixed-length data area. The description of each specific test is as follows:

[0061] The optional parameter count / optional parameter content indicates test-related optional parameter information, such as wind tunnel selection, water pipe selection, sensor combination, and power meter selection. The optional parameter count has a fixed length of 1, and its value represents the data volume of the optional parameter content. The sum of the optional parameter count and optional parameter content data volume for experiment k is ak.

[0062] Nameplate parameter quantity / nameplate parameter content are used to indicate the nameplate parameter information related to the test. This field only displays numerical parameters, such as rated power, rated cooling capacity, and rated speed. The nameplate parameter quantity field has a fixed length of 1, and its value represents the data volume of the nameplate parameter content. The sum of the nameplate parameter quantity and nameplate parameter content data volume for experiment k is bk.

[0063] Operating Parameter Quantity / Operating Parameter Content. This field represents test-related operating parameter information, such as the dry-bulb temperature setpoint or water flow rate setpoint. The Operating Parameter Quantity field has a fixed length of 1, and its value represents the amount of data in the operating parameter content. For experiment k, the sum of the Nameplate Parameter Quantity and Nameplate Parameter Content is ck.

[0064] Calculation parameter quantity / calculation parameter content. This field represents test-related calculation parameter information, such as calculated air volume, calculated cooling capacity, main / auxiliary deviation, and energy efficiency ratio. The calculation parameter quantity field has a fixed length of 1, and its value represents the data volume of the calculation parameter content. The sum of the nameplate parameter quantity and nameplate parameter content data for experiment k is dk.

[0065] Optional parameters, nameplate parameters, operating condition parameters and calculation parameters constitute the detailed data of this embodiment.

[0066] Since most refrigeration and air conditioning test labs are comprehensive, they test a wide range of machine types and complex test combinations. For example, air-cooled units require combined indoor and outdoor testing, while air-cooled chillers require combined air and water testing. Because each test model requires a different resource combination, a1, a2, ..., ak may not necessarily be identical. To ensure the data parsing module can clearly understand the physical meaning of each data item, the data encoding format must include information related to quantity, such as the number of optional parameters and the number of nameplate parameters, to describe and distinguish them.

[0067] The total data volume of all data areas is calculated as follows:

[0068] Total data volume = a+b+c+d+e+3+1+(a1+b1+c1+d1)+…+(ak+bk+ck+dk)

[0069] a1, b1, c1 and d1 are ak, bk, ck and dk respectively when k=1.

[0070] After the above process, the data encoding module converts the laboratory's structured real-time data into linear register data, and then sends the linear register data to the IoT gateway through the ModbusTCP protocol.

[0071] The IoT gateway sends the linear register data to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT IoT protocol over the 4G / 5G network.

[0072] The IoT cloud platform provides a standard WebAPI data interface to the outside world through the HTTP protocol.

[0073] The data parsing module receives linear register data in JSON format from the IoT cloud platform through the WebAPI data interface, and parses it into structured real-time data of the test site.

[0074] The parsing rules of the data parsing module are the same as the encoding rules of the data encoding module. Considering that remote networks may not be interconnected, the remote central server stores a stand-alone configuration file that is identical to the test site, and the data is parsed according to the configuration file during data parsing.

[0075] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0076] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0077] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: First, the laboratory's data to be uploaded is aggregated through the laboratory's local network, encoded into linear data, and then sent to the IoT gateway through a data protocol isolated from the public network; then sent to the IoT cloud platform through the IoT gateway; The data to be uploaded in the laboratory is divided into fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data. The length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by the experimental content. The fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data are linearly encoded respectively. The linear encoding format of the non-fixed-length data is: {number of parameters; content of each parameter}.

2. The laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data to be uploaded is divided into raw data and test data; raw data includes sensor acquisition data, power meter data, test machine operation data, adjustment table data set and PLC status data; test data includes control commands, current test number, test type and detailed data of each test machine; fixed-length data includes raw data, control commands, current test number and test type of each test; non-fixed-length data includes detailed data.

3. The laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detailed data include optional parameters, nameplate parameters, operating parameters and calculation parameters of the experiment.

4. The method for laboratory data transmission based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, wherein: The linearly encoded data is sent to the IoT gateway via the ModbusTCP protocol; the IoT gateway sends the linearly encoded data to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol.

5. The laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IoT cloud platform provides a standard WebAPI data access interface to provide data access services to remote servers.

6. A laboratory data transmission device based on the Internet of Things, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to collect experimental data; The data encoding module is connected to the data acquisition module to receive the collected experimental data and perform linear encoding, and then send it to the IoT gateway through the ModbusTCP protocol; The linear encoding method of the data encoding module is as follows: the collected experimental data is divided into fixed-length data and non-fixed-length data. The length and content of the non-fixed-length data are determined by the experimental content; the fixed-length data and the non-fixed-length data are linearly encoded respectively; the linear encoding format of the non-fixed-length data is: {number of parameters; Each parameter content}; The IoT gateway sends the linearly encoded data received from the data encoding module to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol; The data parsing module receives linearly encoded data from the IoT cloud platform through the WebAPI interface and performs data parsing according to the set data transmission expression rules; The data storage module receives the parsed data from the data parsing module and stores it in the database.

7. The laboratory data transmission device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data encoding module converts the experimental data collected by the data acquisition module into linear register data, and then sends the linear register data to the IoT gateway through the ModbusTCP protocol; the IoT gateway sends the linear register data to the IoT cloud platform through the MQTT IoT protocol and 4G / 5G network.

8. The laboratory data transmission device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fault prediction module and an operation and maintenance management module; the fault prediction module performs predictive diagnosis on the analyzed data of the data analysis module; the operation and maintenance management module connects the data analysis module, data storage module and fault prediction module respectively to perform data visualization and analysis.

9. A laboratory data transmission system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: It includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, the processor is connected to the memory, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, it is used to implement the laboratory data transmission method based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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