Single-fulcrum gyroscope type grinding machine tool
Through the design of a single-fulveal gyro grinding machine tool, the single-fulveal centering roller bearings and permanent magnets, electromagnets and blowing systems of the gyro body are used to solve the problem of spindle vibration affecting the accuracy of bearing rings, and high-precision bearing ring grinding is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411869062.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The spindle components of existing high-speed and high-efficiency grinding machines vibrate due to problems such as bearing journal coaxiality and thermal deformation, which affects the accuracy of bearing rings. In particular, the grinding accuracy of high-precision and ultra-precision bearing rings is difficult to improve.
The single-fulveal gyro grinding machine tool is adopted to improve the spindle design, and the single-fulveal centering roller bearing of the gyro body is fixed to the bed. Combined with the permanent magnet and electromagnet and blower system integrated on the gyro body, it absorbs and interferes with vibration, ensures the vertical center of the spindle gyro body, reduces vibration interference, and improves grinding accuracy.
It effectively reduces spindle vibration, improves the roundness and accuracy of the bearing ring, and achieves a high-precision grinding effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN120572437A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bearing ring grinding machine tools, in particular to a single-support-point gyroscopic grinding machine tool. Background Art
[0002] At present, the spindle components of high-speed and high-efficiency grinding machine tools are affected by vibration and thermal deformation caused by the coaxiality of the front and rear bearing journals of the spindle, the radial runout of the tapered hole relative to the center line of the front and rear shaft diameters, etc., making it difficult to improve the accuracy of machine tool grinding of bearing rings, especially for the spindle of high-precision and ultra-precision bearing ring grinding machine tools. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology and solve the problem of high-precision and high-roundness grinding of bearing rings, the purpose of grinding high-precision and high-roundness workpieces is achieved by improving the spindle design to reduce the occurrence of vibration.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine tool of the present invention comprises a machine tool bed; preferably, the bed is provided with a box, a grinding wheel feeding mechanism, a laser diameter measuring instrument transmitting end and a laser diameter measuring instrument receiving end; The box body includes a machine tool spindle gyroscope body and components installed in the box body, and a gap is provided between the gyroscope body and the components installed in the box body; The machine tool spindle is in the form of a gyro body; the gyro tip of the gyro body is tightly mounted on the inner ring of a spherical roller bearing, the inner ring is connected to the outer ring via a roller, the outer ring of the spherical roller bearing is mounted on the bottom plate of a box body, and the bottom plate of the box body is fixed to the bed body; the gyro tip of the spindle gyro body is fixed to the bed body only by the spherical roller bearing, which is what the present invention calls a single fulcrum; the setting of a single fulcrum overcomes the vibration caused by the coaxial deviation of the bearings at both ends of the spindle; Preferably, the upper part of the gyroscope is provided with a gyroscope center cylinder coaxial with the gyroscope, an elastic inner ring bearing and an annular elastomer with a certain thickness. The inner ring of the elastic inner ring bearing is tightly mounted on the gyroscope center cylinder, the outer ring of the elastic inner ring bearing is tightly matched with the inner ring of the annular elastomer, and the outer ring of the elastomer is tightly connected to the box. The present invention arranges an elastomer on the upper part of the gyroscope, and its functions are: first, to absorb various vibrations; second, the gyroscope tip at the lower part of the gyroscope is fixed by a spherical roller bearing, and the spherical roller bearing has a certain degree of aligning property. Therefore, the upper part of the gyroscope axis can have a small angle deviation, and the elastomer ensures that the upper part of the gyroscope axis can always be at the center of the elastomer during operation, that is, the vertical center of the gyroscope does not deviate, and even if there is a slight deviation, it can quickly return to the center of the elastomer.
[0005] Preferably, the components integrated on the gyroscope body include a motor rotor, an inner ring permanent magnet, an electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet, a corrugated ring, and a workpiece holder; the components installed in the box body include a motor stator corresponding to the periphery of the motor rotor, an outer ring permanent magnet corresponding to the periphery of the inner ring permanent magnet, an outer ring electromagnet corresponding to the periphery of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet, an annular blast pipe corresponding to the periphery of the corrugated ring, and a circle of blast nozzles on the annular blast pipe.
[0006] The motor rotor and the corresponding motor stator cooperate to provide rotational power for the main shaft gyroscope; The outer side of the inner ring permanent magnet integrated on the gyroscope body has the same magnetic properties as the inner side of the outer ring permanent magnet installed in the box. The repulsive force keeps the gyroscope body in the center position at all times. The outer side of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet integrated on the gyroscope body has the same electromagnetic magnetism as the inner side of the outer ring electromagnet installed in the box. The outer ring electromagnet generates a magnetic frequency, which repel the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet to generate vibration, thereby interfering with the vibration generated by the grinding wheel grinding the workpiece, the spherical roller bearing and the inner ring of the elastic bearing during operation. The air blast nozzle blows air into the corrugated ring to make the gyro vibrate. This vibration is used to interfere with the vibration generated by the grinding wheel grinding the workpiece, the spherical roller bearing and the inner ring of the elastic bearing during operation. Electromagnetic force and air blowing act on the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet and the corrugated ring of the spindle gyroscope respectively, causing the spindle gyroscope to produce complex vibrations, interfering with the vibrations generated by the grinding wheel grinding the workpiece, the spherical roller bearing and the inner ring bearing of the elastomer during operation. The vibration becomes gentle, and the gentle vibration of the spindle gyroscope is absorbed by the elastomer. The grinding wheel grinding of the bearing ring is smoother, the point jump is small, and the roundness and precision of the bearing ring are higher.
[0007] Preferably, a measuring center column coaxial with the gyroscope body is provided at the top end of the upper portion of the gyroscope body, and the measuring center column is used as a reference column for measuring the feeding of the grinding wheel.
[0008] Preferably, a laser caliper transmitting end and a laser caliper receiving end are provided on the machine tool bed. The laser beam emitted by the laser caliper transmitting end sweeps across the measuring center column and the workpiece perpendicular to the axis of the gyroscope, and the laser beam not blocked by the measuring center column and the workpiece is received by the laser caliper receiving end; the laser caliper calculates the horizontal distance between the right side of the measuring center column on one side of the gyroscope axis and the minimum diameter of the workpiece ring groove plus the radius of the measuring center column, which is the target value for grinding the workpiece. When this target value is reached, the controller stops the feeding of the grinding wheel feeding system.
[0009] The control system and the grinding wheel dressing system are essential systems for the single-point gyroscopic grinding machine, but in order not to increase the complexity of the description and illustration, the present invention does not display and describe them in detail.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the single-pivot gyro-type grinding machine described herein, the spindle gyro is connected to the housing via a single-pivot spherical roller bearing at the gyro's tip, which in turn is connected to the bed. This single fulcrum, or single bearing pivot point, eliminates spindle vibration caused by concentricity deviations between multiple bearings.
[0011] In the single-point gyro grinding machine tool described in the present invention, the inner ring permanent magnet integrated on the gyro body and the outer ring permanent magnet corresponding to the periphery are of the same polarity and repel each other. The magnetic force of the outer ring permanent magnet repels the inner ring permanent magnet, and the axis of the main shaft gyro body never deviates from its vertical center.
[0012] In the single-support gyro type grinding machine tool of the present invention, an elastic body is provided on the upper part of the gyro body for absorbing various vibrations.
[0013] The single-point gyro grinding machine tool described in the present invention acts on the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet and the corrugated ring of the spindle gyro body through electromagnetic and blast respectively, so that the spindle gyro body generates vibrations. These vibrations interfere with the vibrations generated by the grinding wheel grinding the workpiece, the spherical roller bearing and the inner ring bearing of the elastomer during operation, making the vibrations smoother. The smooth vibration of the spindle gyro body is absorbed by the elastomer, the grinding wheel grinding the bearing ring point is smoother, and the roundness and precision of the bearing ring are higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 , a front half-section view of the gyroscope body and the box body; Figure 2 , a cross-sectional stereoscopic view of the gyro body and the box body from the upper right perspective; Figure 3 , a cross-sectional stereoscopic view of the gyro body and the box body from the lower left perspective; Figure 4 , a stereogram of the present invention; Figure 5 , a left-angle perspective view of the present invention; Figure 6 , a top right perspective stereogram of the present invention; Figure 7 , a top view of the present invention; Figure 8 , a partially cutaway perspective view of the gyro body and the upper portion of the box; Figure 9 , schematic diagram of laser diameter measuring instrument; Figure 10 , schematic diagram of waveform analysis of vibration interference during grinding; A: Schematic diagram of the vibration waveform caused by a grinding wheel grinding a workpiece; B: Schematic diagram of the vibration waveform caused by a spherical roller bearing and the inner ring of an elastomer bearing; C: Schematic diagram of the waveform of the gyroscope's upper portion caused by the air blowing through the blast nozzle's wave-shaped loop; D: Schematic diagram of the vibration waveform caused by the magnetic frequency between the outer electromagnet and the inner permanent magnet; E: Schematic diagram of the vibration waveforms caused by the interference of C and D on the vibration waveforms of A and B; F: Schematic diagram of the vibration waveforms of A and B becoming smoother due to the interference of C and D, and the vibration waveforms being absorbed by the elastomer; In the figure: 1. Spherical roller bearing; 11. Gyro tip; 2. Gyro body; 21. Box; 22. Bed; 23. Casing; 24. Control panel; 3. Motor rotor; 31. Motor stator; 4. Inner ring permanent magnet; 41. Outer ring permanent magnet; 5. Electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet; 51. Outer ring electromagnet; 6. Corrugated ring; 61. Annular blast pipe; 62. Blast nozzle; 7. Workpiece holder; 71. Center column for measurement; 72. Laser diameter gauge transmitting end; 73. Laser diameter gauge receiving end; 74. Elastomer; 75. Elastomer inner ring bearing; 76. Gyro body center column; 8. Workpiece; 9. Grinding wheel; 10. Grinding wheel feeding mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] See also Figure 4-7 The single-pivot gyro grinding machine of the present invention includes a machine bed 22; the bed 22 is provided with a box 21, a grinding wheel feeding mechanism 10 and a grinding wheel 9, a laser diameter measuring instrument transmitting end 72, and a laser diameter measuring instrument receiving end 73; the box 21 contains a machine tool spindle gyro body 2 and components installed in the box 21, and a gap is provided between the gyro body 2 and the components installed in the box 21; the gyro tip 11 of the gyro body 2 is tightly mounted on the inner ring of the spherical roller bearing 1, the inner ring is connected to the outer ring through a roller, and the outer ring of the spherical roller bearing 1 is mounted on the bottom plate of the box 21, and the bottom plate of the box 21 is fixed to the bed 22; See also Figure 1-3The upper part of the gyro body 2 is provided with a gyro body center cylinder 76 coaxial with the gyro body 2, an elastic inner ring bearing 75 and an annular elastic body 74 with a certain thickness. The inner ring of the elastic inner ring bearing 75 is tightly mounted on the gyro body center cylinder 76. The outer ring of the elastic inner ring bearing 75 is tightly matched with the inner ring of the annular elastic body 74. The outer ring of the elastic body 74 is tightly connected to the box body 21; the elastic body 74 absorbs various vibrations and keeps the axis of the gyro body 2 always at the center of the elastic body 74; the components integrated on the gyro body 2 include the motor rotor 3, the inner ring permanent magnet 4, the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet 5, the wave-shaped ring 6. Workpiece holder 7. The components installed in the box 21 include the motor stator 31 corresponding to the periphery of the motor rotor 3, the outer ring permanent magnet 41 corresponding to the periphery of the inner ring permanent magnet 4, the outer ring electromagnet 51 corresponding to the periphery of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet 5, the annular blast pipe 61 corresponding to the periphery of the corrugated ring 6, and a circle of blast nozzles 62 on the annular blast pipe 61; the motor rotor 3 and the corresponding motor stator 31 cooperate to provide rotational power for the main shaft gyroscope 2; the outer side of the inner ring permanent magnet 4 integrated on the gyroscope 2 has the same magnetic properties as the inner side of the outer ring permanent magnet 41 installed in the box, and the repulsive force keeps the gyroscope 2 always in the center position; See also Figure 1-3 , Figure 10 The outer side of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet 5 integrated on the gyro body 2 has the same electromagnetic magnetism as the inner side of the outer ring electromagnet 51 installed in the box body 21. The outer ring electromagnet 51 generates a magnetic frequency, which repel the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet 5 to make the upper part of the gyro body vibrate, which is used to interfere with the grinding wheel 9 to grind the workpiece ( Figure 10 A in the figure), the vibration generated by the spherical roller bearing 1 and the elastic inner ring bearing 75 during operation ( Figure 10 B in the ); See also Figure 1-3 , Figure 10 , Figure 8 The blast nozzle 62 blows air to the wave-shaped ring channel 6, causing the gyro body 2 to vibrate. This vibration is used to interfere with the grinding wheel 9 grinding the workpiece ( Figure 10 A in the figure), the vibration generated by the spherical roller bearing 1 and the elastic inner ring bearing 75 during operation ( Figure 10 B in the ); See also Figure 1-3 , Figure 10 C, D, E, and F in the figure act on the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet 5 and the corrugated ring 6 of the main shaft gyroscope 2 respectively, so that the upper part of the main shaft gyroscope 2 generates complex vibrations that interfere with the vibrations generated by the grinding wheel 9 grinding the workpiece, the spherical roller bearing 1, and the inner ring bearing 75 of the elastomer during operation. The vibration becomes smoother, and the smooth vibration of the main shaft gyroscope 2 is absorbed by the elastomer 74. The grinding wheel 9 grinds the bearing ring more smoothly, and the roundness and precision of the bearing ring are higher.
[0016] See also Figure 7 , Figure 9 A measuring center column 71 coaxial with the gyroscope body 2 is provided at the top of the upper portion of the gyroscope body 2. The measuring center column 71 is used as a reference column when measuring the feeding of the grinding wheel 9.
[0017] A laser diameter gauge transmitting end 72 and a laser diameter gauge receiving end 73 are provided on the machine tool bed 22. The laser beam emitted by the laser diameter gauge transmitting end 72 sweeps across the measuring center column 71 and the workpiece 8 perpendicular to the axis of the gyroscope 2. The laser beam not blocked by the measuring center column 71 and the workpiece 8 is received by the laser diameter gauge receiving end 73. The laser diameter gauge calculates the horizontal distance between the right side of the measuring center column 71 on one side of the axis of the gyroscope 2 and the minimum diameter of the ring groove of the workpiece 8 ( Figure 9 The value a) plus the radius of the measured center column 71 is the target value for grinding the workpiece. When this target value is reached, the controller stops the grinding wheel feeding system 10 including the feeding of the grinding wheel 9.
[0018] The above-mentioned front, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the machine tool facing the observer is defined as the front, the observer's left is defined as the left, and so on.
[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "inner ring", "outer ring", "bottom", "front", "left", "right", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. Single-point gyroscopic grinding machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a machine tool bed (22); the bed (22) is provided with a box (21) and a grinding wheel feeding mechanism (10); the box (21) comprises a machine tool spindle gyroscope (2) and components installed in the box (21), and a gap is provided between the gyroscope (2) and the components installed in the box (21); the machine tool spindle is in the form of a gyroscope (2); the gyroscope tip (11) of the gyroscope (2) is tightly mounted on the inner ring of a spherical roller bearing (1), the inner ring is connected to the outer ring through a roller, the outer ring of the spherical roller bearing (1) is mounted on the bottom plate of the box (21), and the bottom plate of the box (21) is fixed. The gyroscope body (2) is fixed on the bed (22); the components integrated on the gyroscope body (2) include a motor rotor (3), an inner ring permanent magnet (4), an electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet (5), a corrugated ring (6), and a workpiece holder (7); the components installed in the box body (21) include a motor stator (31) corresponding to the periphery of the motor rotor (3), an outer ring permanent magnet (41) corresponding to the periphery of the inner ring permanent magnet (4), an outer ring electromagnet (51) corresponding to the periphery of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet (5), an annular blast pipe (61) corresponding to the periphery of the corrugated ring (6), and a circle of blast nozzles (62) on the annular blast pipe (61).
2. The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the inner ring permanent magnet (4) integrated on the gyro body (2) has the same magnetic properties as the inner side of the outer ring permanent magnet (41) installed in the box (21).
3. The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the electromagnetic inner ring permanent magnet (5) integrated on the gyro body (2) and the inner side electromagnetic magnetism generated by the outer ring electromagnet (51) installed in the box body (21) are the same.
4. The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper portion of the gyro body (2) is provided with a gyro body central column (76) coaxial with the gyro body (2), an elastic inner ring bearing (75) and a ring-shaped elastic body (74) having a certain thickness. The inner ring of the elastic inner ring bearing (75) is tightly mounted on the gyro body central column (76). The outer ring of the elastic inner ring bearing (75) is tightly matched with the inner ring of the elastic body (74). The outer ring of the elastic body (74) is tightly connected to the box (21).
5. The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A measuring center column (71) coaxial with the gyroscope (2) is provided at the top end of the upper portion of the gyroscope (2).
6. The single-point gyroscopic grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A housing (23) and a control panel (24) are provided on the machine tool bed (22). A laser caliper transmitter (72) and a laser caliper receiver (73) are provided on the bed (22). The laser beam emitted by the laser caliper transmitter (72) sweeps through the measuring center column (71) and the workpiece (8) perpendicularly to the axis of the gyroscope (2). The laser beam not blocked by the measuring center column (71) and the workpiece (8) is received by the laser caliper receiver (73).