Residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device

Abstract

The invention discloses a residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device, which is arranged at the front end of a residual oil hydrogenation fixed bed reactor, is used for pretreating a gas-liquid two-phase material, and comprises a first crushing assembly which is arranged in a tank body of a generating tank, is positioned at the lower part of the tank body and is provided with rotary crushing cutters which are arranged in a layered manner; the rotary crushing cutter is driven by a driving unit, rotates along a vertical rotating shaft and is used for crushing large bubbles into small bubbles; and the second crushing assembly is arranged in the tank body of the generation tank and located above the first crushing assembly, the second crushing assembly is provided with a horizontally-arranged filtering and crushing plate, and the filtering and crushing plate can be driven by the same motor in the driving unit to reciprocate in the vertical direction and is used for crushing the small bubbles into microbubbles. According to the invention, large bubbles in residual oil can be broken into small bubbles, so that the mass transfer and reaction efficiency of gas and liquid phases in a residual oil hydrogenation system is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum processing, in particular to a residual oil hydrogenation micro-bubble generating device. Background Art

[0002] Residue oil, the residue left after the initial separation of crude oil, contains significant amounts of impurities such as heavy hydrocarbons, sulfur, nitrogen, and metals. These impurities not only reduce fuel quality but also pollute the environment. Residue oil hydrotreating is a refining process that removes impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and metals from heavy residue oil through hydrogenation reactions, converting high-molecular-weight chain hydrocarbons into lower-carbon chain hydrocarbons to improve product quality and value.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN115090221A discloses a microbubble downflow hydrogenation reactor, comprising a raw material tank, a backwash filter, a heating furnace, a microbubble generator, a fixed-bed hydrogenation reactor, and a high-pressure separator connected in sequence. An inlet distributor is installed on the top of the fixed-bed hydrogenation reactor, and several catalytic hydrogenation units are arranged below the inlet distributor. The catalytic hydrogenation units include a defoaming tray, a distribution tray, a defoaming tray, and a catalyst bed arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A hydrogenation reaction device is provided between two adjacent catalytic hydrogenation units. An outlet collector is installed at the bottom of the fixed-bed hydrogenation reactor, and the microbubble generator is connected to a fresh hydrogen pipeline. By providing the defoaming tray, this prior art eliminates the foam layer on the distribution tray, avoids the liquid phase from being diverted and swirled upward, reduces the gas-liquid flow resistance, reduces the pressure drop of the distribution tray, and improves the performance of the distribution tray.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art generates bubbles by providing a microbubble generator and a defoaming plate, thereby reducing the gas-liquid flow resistance, lowering the pressure drop of the distribution plate, and improving the performance of the distribution plate. However, during the residue oil hydrogenation process, due to the high viscosity of the residue oil and the low solubility of hydrogen, the bubbles generated by the microbubble generator under high hydrogen-to-oil ratio conditions have large particle sizes and are easily aggregated, resulting in poor gas-liquid two-phase contact effect in the residue oil hydrogenation system, low mass transfer and reaction efficiency, and large bubbles will cause uneven distribution of gas and liquid when flowing through the catalyst bed, easily generating radial temperature differences and even hot spots, affecting the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device. By setting the device at the front end of the hydrogenation reactor, the gas-liquid materials entering the hydrogenation reactor can be pretreated, thereby improving the problems of poor gas-liquid two-phase contact effect, low mass transfer and reaction efficiency in the residue oil hydrogenation system.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a microbubble generating device for residue oil hydrogenation. By combining a first crushing assembly capable of rotatable crushing and a second crushing assembly capable of vertical crushing, the device achieves two-stage bubble crushing, and can break large bubbles in the residue oil into tiny bubbles, thereby effectively improving the gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer and reaction efficiency in the residue oil hydrogenation system.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device, which realizes horizontal cutting of residual oil and bubbles through a horizontal cutting component, which can not only further cut the bubbles but also reduce the viscosity of the residual oil.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device, which is arranged at the front end of a residue oil hydrogenation fixed-bed reactor and is used for pretreating gas-liquid two-phase materials, comprising: a first crushing assembly, which is arranged in the tank body of the generating tank and is located at the lower part of the tank body, the first crushing assembly is provided with layered rotating crushing knives, which are driven by a driving unit and rotate along a vertically arranged rotating shaft, and are used to crush large bubbles into small bubbles; a second crushing assembly, which is arranged in the tank body of the generating tank and is located above the first crushing assembly, the second crushing assembly is provided with a horizontally arranged filtering and crushing plate, which is driven by the same motor in the driving unit and can move back and forth in the vertical direction, and is used to crush small bubbles into microbubbles.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a horizontal cutting assembly may be provided above the filter crushing plate. The horizontal cutting assembly has a cutting disc that reciprocates in the horizontal direction, which is used to quickly cut microbubbles and residual oil, thereby enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer and reducing residual oil viscosity.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, there may be multiple rotary crushing knives and each layer may be arranged in a star shape, and the outer peripheral side of the rotary crushing knives may be in a knife-edge shape.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, filter holes can be evenly distributed on the filter crushing plate, and a cross-shaped crushing plate can be provided in the filter hole, and the bottom end of the crushing plate is in the shape of a knife edge.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the driving unit may include, in addition to the motor, a transmission mechanism for linking the rotating crushing knife and the filtering and crushing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the transmission mechanism may include: a first transmission rod, one end of which is connected to the motor, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a first transmission wheel; a second transmission rod, one end of which is fixedly provided with a second transmission wheel, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a vertical bevel gear; a belt drive is used between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and the diameter of the second transmission wheel can be much larger than the diameter of the first transmission wheel; the vertical bevel gear is engaged with the horizontal bevel gear provided on the top of the rotating shaft of the rotating crushing knife, so as to drive the rotating crushing knife to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a cam assembly can be provided on the first transmission rod, and the cam assembly is provided at the bottom of the filter and crushing plate. Through the rotation of the first transmission rod and the intermittent interference between the cam assembly and the filter and crushing plate, the filter and crushing plate can be driven to move back and forth in the vertical direction.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cam assembly may include: a cam, which is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod; a mounting groove, which is arranged on the protruding side of the cam; a roller, which is confined in the mounting groove and can roll freely; when intermittent interference occurs, the roller contacts the bottom of the filter crushing plate and rolling friction can be formed between the two.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, mounting plates may be provided on both sides of the bottom of the filter and crushing plate, guide rods may be passed through the mounting plates, the upper ends of the guide rods may be fixed to the bottom of the filter and crushing plate, and springs may be passed through the guide rod portion between the mounting plate and the filter and crushing plate to provide buffering vibration for the filter and crushing plate during movement.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the horizontal cutting assembly may include: a mounting frame, which is movably arranged in the generator tank body and is used to fix the cutting disc, the cutting disc is composed of a plurality of cutting knives distributed in an array; the number of cutting knives is preferably the same as the number of rows of filter holes of the filter crushing plate and corresponds one to one; a high-speed electric push rod, which is arranged on the outer wall of the generator tank and movably penetrates into the interior of the generator tank, and the inner end of the high-speed electric push rod is fixed to the mounting frame.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are preferably arranged outside the generator tank body.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a bubble generator may be provided outside the generating tank, which generates bubbles through ultrasound and is connected to the bottom of the generating tank through a connecting pipe, so as to provide hydrogen bubbles in the generating tank in a residual oil environment.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a baffle may be provided above the air inlet of the connecting pipe and at the bottom of the first crushing assembly, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide tubes are provided through the baffle to control the rising speed of the bubbles.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a defoaming disk for preventing bubbles from blocking the fluid channel may be provided on the top of the generating tank.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) The microbubble generating device of the present invention is disposed at the front end of the residue oil hydrogenation reactor and is used to pretreat the gas-liquid two-phase material. It can effectively improve the gas-liquid two-phase contact effect in the residue oil hydrogenation system, thereby improving mass transfer and reaction efficiency, and avoiding the problem of uneven distribution of gas and liquid when flowing through the catalyst bed due to large bubbles, resulting in radial temperature differences and even hot spots;

[0025] 2) The present invention can preliminarily increase the contact area between the residual oil and the hydrogen by connecting a bubble generator using the ultrasonic principle to the generating tank and introducing the generated stable hydrogen bubbles from the bottom of the generating tank;

[0026] 3) The present invention achieves two-stage bubble crushing through the combination of a first crushing assembly capable of rotational crushing and a second crushing assembly capable of vertical crushing. The rotational crushing can drive the bubbles to rotate while cutting. At the same time, the first-stage rotational crushing and the second-stage vertical disturbance crushing make the crushing surface more three-dimensional. In a shorter time and smaller space, large bubbles in the residual oil can be broken into microbubbles, further increasing the contact area between the gas and liquid phases, improving the hydrogen supply and replenishment efficiency, and thus effectively improving the gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer and reaction efficiency in the residual oil hydrogenation system.

[0027] 4) The first and second transmission wheels in the transmission mechanism of the present invention are both disposed outside the oil generating tank body. This structural design not only ensures more stable rotation of the laterally extending first and second transmission rods, but also prevents interference with the residual oil in the tank by externally disposing the transmission wheels and belts, while also reducing component wear.

[0028] 5) Through a shared motor and ingenious transmission mechanism design, the present invention can simultaneously drive both the primary and secondary crushing stages. Furthermore, the rotating crushing blades and filter crushing plates in the two stages can achieve different movement speeds as needed. Because the diameter of the second transmission wheel is much larger than that of the first transmission wheel, the higher, high-speed vibration-like speed of the secondary crushing does not affect the lower rotational speed required by the primary crushing stage. This allows both stages to achieve the speeds required to drive the primary and secondary crushing stages, even though the same motor is used.

[0029] 6) The present invention provides a cutting disc that moves laterally at extremely high speed in the residual oil environment. This can, on the one hand, further break up the bubbles (i.e., form a tertiary crushing process), and on the other hand, achieve hydrodynamic cavitation of the residual oil and increase the amount of dissolved hydrogen, thereby reducing the viscosity of the residual oil and effectively promoting the removal of impurities in the subsequent hydrogenation reaction. Furthermore, since the cutting disc is close to the filter and crushing plate of the second crushing assembly, and the number of cutting blades is preferably the same as the number of rows of filter holes in the filter and crushing plate and has a one-to-one correspondence, this arrangement can form a synergistic effect of secondary and tertiary cutting, resulting in higher cutting efficiency.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly in the device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving unit of the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second crushing assembly of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This invention Figure 5 The middle part is a schematic structural diagram (showing the cam assembly for driving the second crushing assembly).

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtering and crushing plate in the second crushing assembly of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This invention Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0039] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal cutting component of the present invention.

[0040] Description of main reference numerals:

[0041] 1-generating tank, 10-motor, 101-first transmission rod, 102-first transmission wheel, 103-second transmission wheel, 104-second transmission rod, 105-vertical bevel gear, 11-first crushing assembly, 110-fixed plate, 111-rotating shaft, 112-rotating crushing knife, 113-horizontal bevel gear, 12-second crushing assembly, 120-filter crushing plate, 1200-filter hole, 1201-cross-shaped crushing plate, 121-cam assembly, 1210-cam, 1211-mounting slot, 1212-roller, 122-spring, 123-guide rod, 124-mounting plate, 13-horizontal cutting assembly, 131-cutting knife, 132-mounting frame, 133-high-speed electric push rod, 14-foam removal plate, 15-baffle, 151-guide tube, 2-bubble generator, 21-connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0043] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0044] In this document, for ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "down," "above," "above," etc. may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the object in the figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above directions. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0045] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable with each other.

[0046] The present invention addresses the problem that, during the residue oil hydrogenation process, due to the high viscosity of the residue oil and the low solubility of hydrogen, the bubble particle size generated by the bubble generator is large and easily aggregated under high hydrogen-to-oil ratio conditions. The present invention provides a micro-bubble generating device disposed at the front end of a residue oil hydrogenation fixed-bed reactor for pretreating gas-liquid two-phase materials. The device can effectively improve the gas-liquid two-phase contact effect in the residue oil hydrogenation system, thereby improving mass transfer and reaction efficiency, and avoiding the problem that large bubbles cause uneven distribution of gas and liquid when flowing through the catalyst bed, resulting in radial temperature differences and even hot spots.

[0047] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the present invention provides a residual oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device, which is arranged at the front end of the residual oil hydrogenation fixed bed reactor, and the main body is a generating tank 1, which can be used for pre-treating gas-liquid two-phase materials. A bubble generator 2 may be provided on the outside of the generating tank 1, and the bubble generator 2 generates bubbles through ultrasonic waves and is connected to the bottom of the generating tank 1 through a connecting pipe 21, and is used to provide hydrogen bubbles in the generating tank 1 in the residual oil environment. The device is mainly used to perform multi-stage cutting processing on the bubbles from the bubble generator 2 and obtain microbubbles in the residual oil, and at least includes a first crushing assembly 11 and a second crushing assembly 12. Among them, the first crushing assembly 11 is arranged in the tank body of the generating tank 1 and is located at the lower part of the tank body. The first crushing assembly 11 is provided with a layered rotating crushing knife 112, and the rotating crushing knife 112 is driven by a driving unit and rotates along a vertically arranged rotating shaft 111 (reference Figure 3 ), used to break the large bubbles in the residual oil environment in the tank into small bubbles. The second crushing assembly 12 is set in the tank body of the generating tank 1 and is located above the first crushing assembly 11. The second crushing assembly is provided with a horizontally arranged filter crushing plate 120 (refer to Figure 3 ), the filter crushing plate 120 is driven by the same motor 10 in the aforementioned drive unit and can reciprocate in the vertical direction to further crush the small bubbles crushed by the first crushing assembly 11 into micro bubbles. Preferably, but not restrictively, a baffle 15 is provided above the air inlet of the bubble generator 2 connecting pipe 21 and at the bottom of the first crushing assembly 11, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide tubes 151 are provided through the baffle 15 (refer to Figure 3 ) is used to control the rising speed of the bubbles so that the rotating crushing knife 112 can better crush the bubbles and avoid the aggregation of bubbles.

[0048] The present invention connects a bubble generator 2 using ultrasonic principles to a generating tank 1 and introduces the generated stable hydrogen bubbles from the bottom of the generating tank 1, thereby preliminarily increasing the contact area between the residual oil and hydrogen. By combining a first crushing component 11 capable of rotatable crushing and a second crushing component 12 capable of vertical crushing, two-stage crushing of the bubbles can be achieved, and the rotary crushing can drive the bubbles to rotate while cutting. At the same time, the first-level rotary crushing and the second-level vertical disturbance crushing make the crushing surface more three-dimensional. In a shorter time and smaller space, large bubbles in the residual oil can be broken into microbubbles, further increasing the contact area between the gas and liquid phases, and improving the hydrogen supply and replenishment efficiency, thereby effectively improving the mass transfer and reaction efficiency of the gas-liquid two phases in the residual oil hydrogenation system.

[0049] Further Figure 3 、 4 As shown, in the first crushing assembly 11, it includes a fixed plate 110 fixed to the inner wall of the generating tank 1, a vertically extending rotating shaft 111 rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a plurality of rotating crushing knives 112 and each layer is arranged in a star shape, and the outer peripheral side of the rotating crushing knives 112 is in the shape of a knife edge. In addition to the motor 10, the rotary drive unit also includes a transmission mechanism for linking the rotating crushing knives 112 for primary crushing and the filtering and crushing plates 120 for secondary crushing. The primary crushing and secondary crushing can be driven simultaneously by the motor 10 and the transmission mechanism, and the rotating crushing knives 112 and the filtering and crushing plates 120 for the two-stage crushing can also obtain different movement speeds as needed. The transmission mechanism specifically includes a first transmission rod 101, a first transmission wheel 102, a second transmission wheel 103 and a second transmission rod 104 in the transmission sequence. Among them, one end of the first transmission rod 101 is connected to the motor 10, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first transmission wheel 102; one end of the second transmission rod 104 is fixedly connected to the second transmission wheel 103, and the other end is fixedly provided with a vertical bevel gear 105; the first transmission wheel 102 and the second transmission wheel 103 are belt-driven, and the diameter of the second transmission wheel 103 is much larger than the diameter of the first transmission wheel 102 (to obtain different speeds for driving the primary crusher and the secondary crusher respectively), and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are both arranged outside the tank body of the generating tank 1 (reference Figure 1 This structural design not only ensures more stable rotation of the laterally extending first and second transmission rods, but also prevents interference with the residual oil in the tank by externally positioning the drive pulley and belt, while also reducing component wear. Vertical bevel gear 105 meshes with horizontal bevel gear 113, located at the top of shaft 111 of rotating crushing blade 112, to drive the rotation of rotating crushing blade 112.

[0050] Further Figures 3 to 8As shown, in the second crushing assembly 12, the core component is the filter crushing plate 120, and the filter crushing plate 120 is evenly distributed with filter holes 1200. On the one hand, filtering is performed through the filter holes 1200, and on the other hand, a cross-shaped crushing plate 1201 is provided in the filter hole 1200. The bottom end of the crushing plate is in the shape of a knife edge, and the cross-shaped crushing plate 1201 can be used to perform secondary crushing on the bubbles that have been crushed after the primary crushing. The secondary crushing is achieved by the vertical reciprocating movement of the filter crushing plate 120. Specifically, a cam assembly 121 is provided on the first transmission rod 101 (refer to FIG. 1 ). Figure 4 and Figure 6 ), the cam assembly 121 is arranged at the bottom of the filter crushing plate 120, and the filter crushing plate can be driven to move back and forth in the vertical direction through the rotation of the first transmission rod 101 and the intermittent interference between the cam assembly 121 and the filter crushing plate 120. Preferably, but not restrictively, the cam assembly 121 may further include a cam 1210, a mounting groove 1211 and a roller 1212. Among them, the cam 1210 is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod 101; the mounting groove 1211 is arranged on the raised side of the cam; the roller 1212 is limited in the mounting groove 1211 and can roll freely. When the aforementioned intermittent interference occurs, the roller 1212 contacts the bottom of the filter crushing plate 120 and forms rolling friction between the two. The setting of the roller can reduce the wear of the filter crushing plate 120 and the cam 1210 by reducing the friction force, thereby increasing the service life. Furthermore, mounting plates 124 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the filter and crushing plate 120. Guide rods 123 are threaded through the mounting plates 124. The upper ends of the guide rods 123 are fixed to the bottom of the filter and crushing plate 120. Springs 122 are threaded through the guide rod portion between the mounting plates 124 and the filter and crushing plate 120 to provide vibration damping for the filter and crushing plate during movement. Driven by the cam assembly 121 on the first drive rod 101 and provided by the vibration damping springs 122, the filter and crushing plate 120 can continuously reciprocate in the vertical direction. This high speed of movement can create a vertical shearing effect on bubbles in the residual oil. Moreover, because the diameter of the second drive wheel 103 is much larger than that of the first drive wheel 102, this high speed, similar to high-speed vibration, does not affect the lower rotational speed required for the primary crushing. This allows the two-stage crushing to achieve the required rotational speeds for driving the primary and secondary crushing stages, respectively, even though the same motor is used.

[0051] Further Figure 2 、 9As shown, a horizontal cutting assembly 13 is provided above the filter and crushing plate 120. The horizontal cutting assembly 13 has a cutting blade that reciprocates in the horizontal direction, which is used to quickly cut microbubbles and residual oil, thereby further enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer and reducing residual oil viscosity. In view of the influence of residual oil viscosity on the reaction in the residual oil hydrogenation system in the prior art, the inventors have found through research that by setting multiple horizontal cutting blades that move horizontally at extremely high speed in the residual oil environment, on the one hand, the bubbles can be further broken (i.e., forming a three-stage crushing), and on the other hand, the residual oil can be hydrodynamically cavitated and the amount of dissolved hydrogen can be increased, achieving the effect of reducing the viscosity of the residual oil, which can effectively promote the impurity removal effect of the subsequent hydrogenation reaction. Preferably, but not restrictively, the horizontal cutting assembly, in addition to the horizontally arranged cutting blade 131, can also include a mounting frame 132 and a high-speed electric push rod 133. Among them, the mounting frame 132 is movably arranged in the tank body of the generator tank 1 and is used to fix the cutting blade, which is composed of a plurality of cutting blades 131 distributed in an array. A high-speed electric push rod 133 is mounted on the outer wall of the generator tank 1 and extends into the generator tank 1. The inner end of the high-speed electric push rod is fixed to the mounting frame. The cutting disc is positioned as close as possible to the filter and crushing plate 120 of the second crushing assembly 12 of the present invention. The number of cutting blades 131 preferably matches the number of rows of filter holes 1200 in the filter and crushing plate 120, with a one-to-one correspondence. This arrangement creates a synergistic effect between the secondary and tertiary cutting stages, resulting in higher cutting efficiency.

[0052] Further Figure 2 As shown, the top of the generator tank 1 of the present invention may also be provided with a defoaming tray 14 for preventing bubbles from blocking the fluid passage, thereby effectively maintaining the stability of the catalyst bed and pressure drop in the subsequent reactor. After the first crushing assembly of the present invention performs primary crushing of the bubbles, the second crushing assembly performs secondary crushing and filtration of the bubbles, and the horizontal cutting assembly performs tertiary crushing of the bubbles and viscosity reduction of the residual oil, the residual oil finally passes through the defoaming tray 14 and enters the subsequent residual oil hydrogenation reactor, thereby enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer and reducing the viscosity of the residual oil, thereby creating more favorable conditions for the residual oil hydrogenation reaction.

[0053] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments are selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the exemplary embodiments described above are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbubble generating device for residue oil hydrogenation, characterized in that: It is installed at the front end of the residue oil hydrogenation fixed bed reactor and is used to pretreat the gas-liquid two-phase materials, including: a first crushing assembly disposed in the tank body of the generating tank and located at the lower portion of the tank body, the first crushing assembly being provided with rotating crushing knives arranged in layers, the rotating crushing knives being driven by a driving unit and rotating along a vertically arranged rotating shaft, for crushing large bubbles into small bubbles; The second crushing assembly is arranged in the tank body of the generating tank and is located above the first crushing assembly. The second crushing assembly is provided with a horizontally arranged filtering and crushing plate. The filtering and crushing plate can be reciprocated in the vertical direction by the drive of the same motor in the driving unit, and is used to crush small bubbles into microbubbles.

2. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal cutting assembly is provided above the filtering and crushing plate. The horizontal cutting assembly has a cutting disc that reciprocates in the horizontal direction and is used to quickly cut the microbubbles and residual oil, thereby enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer and reducing the viscosity of the residual oil.

3. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple rotating crushing knives, and each layer is arranged in a star shape. The outer peripheral side of the rotating crushing knives is in a knife-edge shape.

4. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter crushing plate is evenly distributed with filter holes, and a cross-shaped crushing plate is arranged in the filter hole, and the bottom end of the crushing plate is in a knife-edge shape.

5. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to the motor, the driving unit also includes a transmission mechanism for linking the rotating crushing knife and the filtering and crushing plate.

6. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises: a first transmission rod, one end of which is connected to the motor and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a first transmission wheel; The second transmission rod has a second transmission wheel fixed at one end and a vertical bevel gear fixed at the other end; a belt drive is used between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and the diameter of the second transmission wheel is larger than that of the first transmission wheel; the vertical bevel gear is engaged with the horizontal bevel gear provided on the top of the rotating shaft of the rotating crushing knife, so as to drive the rotating crushing knife to rotate.

7. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cam assembly is provided on the first transmission rod, and the cam assembly is provided at the bottom of the filter crushing plate. The filter crushing plate is driven to reciprocate in the vertical direction through the rotation of the first transmission rod and the intermittent interference between the cam assembly and the filter crushing plate.

8. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cam assembly comprises: a cam fixedly connected to the first transmission rod; a mounting groove, which is provided on one side of the protrusion of the cam; The roller is limited in the installation groove and can roll freely; when the intermittent conflict occurs, the roller contacts the bottom of the filter and crushing plate and rolling friction is formed between the two.

9. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Mounting plates are provided on both sides of the bottom of the filter and crushing plate, guide rods are passed through the mounting plates, the upper ends of the guide rods are fixed to the bottom of the filter and crushing plate, and springs are passed through the guide rod part between the mounting plate and the filter and crushing plate to provide buffering vibration for the filter and crushing plate during movement.

10. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal cutting assembly comprises: A mounting frame is movably disposed within the generator tank body and is used to fix the cutting disc, which is composed of a plurality of cutting blades distributed in an array; the number of the cutting blades is the same as the number of rows of filter holes of the filter crushing plate and corresponds one to one; A high-speed electric push rod is arranged on the outer side wall of the generating tank and movably penetrates into the generating tank. The inner end portion of the high-speed electric push rod is fixed to the mounting frame.

11. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are arranged outside the generator tank body.

12. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bubble generator is provided outside the generating tank, which generates bubbles through ultrasonic waves and is connected to the bottom of the generating tank through a connecting pipe, and is used to provide hydrogen bubbles in the generating tank in a residual oil environment.

13. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 12, characterized in that: A baffle is provided above the air inlet of the connecting pipe and at the bottom of the first crushing assembly, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide tubes are provided through the baffle to control the rising speed of the bubbles.

14. The residue oil hydrogenation microbubble generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A defoaming disk is provided on the top of the generating tank for preventing bubbles from blocking the fluid passage.

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