Aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous centralized melting furnace for aluminum alloy. The continuous centralized melting furnace comprises a melting chamber molten pool, a heat preservation chamber and a molten liquid discharging opening which are sequentially communicated in the flowing direction of molten aluminum. A natural gas or oil burner is arranged on the upper portion of the melting chamber molten pool, and a slagging-off door used for slagging off oxidizing slag is arranged on the melting chamber molten pool. An immersion type electric heater is installed on the top of the heat preservation chamber, and an inert gas injection hole is formed in the top of the heat preservation chamber. The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy smelting equipment, a natural gas or oil burner of a melting chamber molten pool and an immersion type electric heater at the top of a heat preservation chamber are used for conducting segmented relay heating, efficient melting and energy-saving heat preservation are combined, the melting chamber molten pool is heated through natural gas or oil, and aluminum ingots are rapidly melted through the efficient and rapid characteristics of the natural gas or oil; the heat preservation chamber adopts a top immersion type electric heating mode, a heating pipe is immersed in molten aluminum, the heat efficiency is high, and compared with a traditional natural gas or oil heating heat preservation mode, more energy is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy smelting equipment, in particular to an aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy melting furnace is a kind of equipment for aluminum alloy smelting developed according to the aluminum smelting process. It is mainly used for melting and heat preservation of aluminum ingots, scrap aluminum and aluminum alloys.

[0003] Traditional continuous centralized melting furnaces use a dual-chamber structure, consisting of a melting chamber and a holding chamber, both of which are heated by radiation from natural gas or oil burners. This prior art has the following significant drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Low thermal efficiency: The combustion of natural gas or oil requires fans to boost combustion, and a large amount of heat is lost to the workshop with the exhaust smoke, which not only increases energy consumption, but also leads to high ambient temperature in the workshop and poor working conditions.

[0005] 2. Severe burning of aluminum ingots: Natural gas or oil burners generate a high temperature of about 1200°C when working, which directly acts on the surface of aluminum ingots or aluminum liquid, causing severe oxidation burning.

[0006] 3. Low aluminum liquid quality in the holding chamber: Traditional holding chambers use natural gas or oil heating, which results in high temperatures and severe oxidation. This creates a thick oxide layer, hindering heat transfer and increasing energy consumption. Furthermore, the presence of large amounts of surface oxide reduces the aluminum liquid's quality, making it unable to meet the demands of high-purity aluminum alloy production, impacting product yields, and increasing the complexity and potential cost of subsequent processing steps.

[0007] 4. The maintenance of the insulation chamber is difficult: Since the insulation chamber is heated by natural gas or oil, a large amount of aluminum slag will be generated during the production process. Manual cleaning of the high-temperature furnace is required regularly (3 to 6 times a day). This not only wastes manpower and affects production, but also poses certain safety risks due to the high temperature of the aluminum liquid. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a continuous centralized melting furnace for aluminum alloys, comprising a melting chamber molten pool, a holding chamber, and a soup discharge port, which are sequentially connected along the flow direction of the molten aluminum; a natural gas or oil burner is provided in the melting chamber molten pool, and the natural gas or oil burner is connected to an external natural gas or oil supply system through a pipeline; a slag removal door for removing oxidized slag is provided on the melting chamber molten pool; an immersion electric heater is installed on the top of the holding chamber, and an inert gas injection hole is provided on the top of the holding chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, an automatic feeding device is provided above the molten pool in the melting chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, a square box for buffering and preheating is provided below the automatic feeding device, and the bottom opening of the square box is communicated with the inner cavity of the molten pool in the melting chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the immersion electric heater is installed on the top of the insulation chamber in a liftable manner via a lifting device.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the immersion electric heater is electrically connected to an external power supply and a PID control system through a connecting line, and the lower end is immersed in the aluminum liquid.

[0014] Furthermore, an online temperature measuring device is installed at the soup outlet, and the online temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the PID control system through a connecting line.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] This aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace achieves a combination of efficient melting and energy-saving insulation through segmented relay heating by natural gas or oil burners in the melting chamber molten pool and the top immersed electric heater in the holding chamber. The melting chamber molten pool is heated by natural gas or oil, and its high efficiency and fast speed are utilized to achieve rapid melting of aluminum ingots; the holding chamber adopts top immersed electric heating, and the heating tube is immersed in the aluminum liquid, which has high thermal efficiency and is more energy-efficient than the traditional natural gas or oil heating insulation method.

[0017] The insulation chamber adopts immersed electric heating and inert gas protection, which makes the temperature inside the furnace relatively low, and the aluminum liquid is basically in an inert gas environment, effectively reducing the oxidation and burning of the aluminum liquid. At the same time, it is not easy to oxidize and slag, which significantly improves the quality of the aluminum liquid. It can meet the production needs of high-purity aluminum alloys, improve product qualification rate, and reduce the difficulty and cost of subsequent processing.

[0018] The energy-saving effect is significant, the workshop temperature is lower, and the environment is improved; at the same time, the insulation room does not emit high-temperature flue gas to the outside, which meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1AA section view;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view.

[0023] Description of the drawings: 1. Melting chamber molten pool; 2. Holding chamber; 3. Soup outlet; 4. Immersion electric heater; 5. Inert gas injection hole; 6. Automatic feeding device; 7. Square box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention is described in detail.

[0028] Example

[0029] Depend on Figure 1-3 It can be seen that an aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace includes a melting chamber molten pool 1, a holding chamber 2 and a soup outlet 3 which are sequentially connected along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid.

[0030] A natural gas or oil burner is installed in the melting chamber molten pool 1, which is connected to an external natural gas or oil supply system through a pipeline to heat and melt the aluminum ingots. A slag discharge port is provided on the melting chamber molten pool 1 to discharge the oxidized slag generated during the melting process.

[0031] The slag removal mechanism between the melting chamber molten pool 1 and the holding chamber 2 is a filtering device (such as a filter screen or grid) at the bottom of the melting chamber molten pool, which is used to intercept the oxidized slag generated during the melting stage to prevent it from flowing into the holding chamber.

[0032] An immersion electric heater 4 is installed on the top of the insulation chamber 2. By installing the immersion electric heater 4 on the top of the insulation chamber 2, it can directly act on the inside of the aluminum liquid, reducing radiation heat loss, increasing thermal efficiency to more than 90%, and reducing the workshop ambient temperature by more than 30%.

[0033] The immersion electric heater 4 is mounted on the top of the insulation chamber 2 via a lifting mechanism. This mechanism allows for flexible lifting and lowering of the immersion electric heater 4, facilitating replacement and maintenance, and reducing the workload for personnel. Furthermore, compared to existing bottom-mounted heater arrangements, the immersion electric heater 4 can be replaced without draining the aluminum liquid from the insulation chamber. Instead, the damaged heater is simply disconnected from the power supply and individually lifted and replaced using the lifting mechanism. This reduces maintenance time to under two hours, ensuring continuous production.

[0034] The lifting device consists of an oil cylinder, a hydraulic power machine, a mobile frame, and a special guide rail. The guide rail is vertically fixed to the side wall of the furnace body near the insulation chamber 2. The hydraulic power machine is rigidly connected to the immersion electric heater 4 through the mobile frame (it can also be driven electrically).

[0035] The upper end of the immersion heater 4 is electrically connected to an external power supply and a PID control system via a connection circuit, while the lower end is immersed in the molten aluminum. The holding chamber 2 can be set to the molten aluminum temperature based on production requirements. The PID control system automatically activates the immersion heater 4 to maintain the process temperature, stabilizing it within a preset range with a temperature control accuracy of ±5°C.

[0036] An inert gas injection hole 5 is provided on the top of the insulation chamber 2, and inert gas can be injected according to the furnace pressure and production needs to protect the aluminum liquid and prevent the aluminum liquid from oxidation.

[0037] The inert gas injection hole 5 is connected to an external nitrogen or argon storage tank through a pipeline. An electromagnetic control valve is provided on the pipeline, and the electromagnetic control valve is connected to a PID control system to realize the automatic nitrogen or argon addition function to protect the aluminum liquid from oxidation.

[0038] The automatic feeding device 6 is arranged above the melting chamber molten pool 1 and is used to automatically feed aluminum ingots from the external aluminum ingot storage area into the melting chamber molten pool 1 .

[0039] The automatic feeding device 6 includes a lifting mechanism, a turning mechanism, a loading trolley and a control mechanism, and these parts work together to realize automatic lifting and dumping of materials.

[0040] The lifting mechanism consists of a guide rail transmission component (such as a chain or wire rope) and a power source (such as a motor). The guide rail provides a vertical motion guide for the loading trolley. The power source drives the transmission component, driving the trolley to lift from the low position to the top, completing the vertical transportation of materials.

[0041] The tipping mechanism includes a hinge point and a tipping drive (such as a reducer). When the trolley rises along the guide rail to the top unloading position, the hinge point cooperates with the drive (or utilizes the arc design at the end of the guide rail) to tilt or tip the trolley around the axis, allowing the material to be dumped into the square box 7.

[0042] The loading trolley serves as a material carrying unit, and its bottom is connected to the lifting mechanism.

[0043] Below the automatic feeding device 6 is a square box 7, which serves as a buffer and preheating mechanism. The bottom opening of box 7 communicates with the inner cavity of the melting chamber 1. Aluminum ingots are fed into box 7 through the automatic feeding device 6, where they are buffered and preheated within the center of box 7. Once preheated, the natural gas or oil burner begins operating, generating high-temperature gas that heats and melts the ingot (rather than directly heating it with a flame). The ingot then flows into the melting chamber 1.

[0044] An online temperature measuring device is installed at the 3rd molten aluminum outlet. The online temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the PID control system through a connecting line. The online temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the PID control system through a connecting line. It can monitor the aluminum liquid temperature in real time, and the temperature control accuracy is less than ±3°C to meet production needs.

[0045] During the specific implementation process, it is worth noting that the inert gas injection hole 5 of the insulation chamber 2 is filled with nitrogen, and the amount of oxide slag generated on the surface of the aluminum liquid is reduced by 90%, meeting the production requirements of high-purity aluminum alloy.

[0046] In addition, the present invention can add a degassing or soup discharge chamber according to actual production needs.

[0047] Specifically, when using the aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace, the workflow is as follows:

[0048] Aluminum Ingot Feeding and Melting: Aluminum ingots are transported from the external ingot storage area to the square box 7 above the melting pool 1 in the melting chamber via an automatic feeding device 6. The center of the box 7 acts as a buffer and preheating mechanism, completing the preheating process. At this point, natural gas or oil burners begin operating, generating high-temperature gas that heats and melts the ingots, which then flow into the melting pool 1 in the melting chamber. Oxide slag generated during the melting process and aluminum slag on the surface of the molten aluminum are removed through a slag removal door.

[0049] Molten aluminum enters the holding chamber and maintains its temperature: After the aluminum ingot is melted, the processed molten aluminum flows from the bottom channel of the melting chamber molten pool 1 into the holding chamber 2. Based on production needs, the immersion electric heater 4 automatically activates heating power through a PID control system to ensure that the molten aluminum reaches the required production temperature. Simultaneously, based on furnace pressure and production requirements, the inert gas valve is opened through the inert gas injection port 5 to inject inert gas to protect the molten aluminum and prevent oxidation.

[0050] Liquid aluminum output: After melting, slag removal, heat preservation and purification, the liquid aluminum is output through the soup outlet 3. The online temperature measuring device monitors the liquid aluminum temperature in real time to ensure that the temperature control accuracy is less than ±3℃ to meet production needs.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous centralized melting furnace for aluminum alloys, characterized by: It comprises a melting chamber molten pool (1), an insulation chamber (2) and a molten metal outlet (3) which are sequentially connected along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid; A natural gas or oil burner is provided in the melting chamber molten pool (1), and the natural gas or oil burner is connected to an external natural gas or oil supply system through a pipeline. A slag discharge port for discharging oxidized slag is provided on the melting chamber molten pool (1); An immersion electric heater (4) is installed on the top of the insulation chamber (2), and an inert gas injection hole (5) is provided on the top of the insulation chamber (2).

2. The aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An automatic feeding device (6) is provided above the melting pool (1) of the melting chamber.

3. The aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A square box (7) for buffering and preheating is provided below the automatic feeding device (6), and the bottom opening of the square box (7) is communicated with the inner cavity of the melting chamber molten pool (1).

4. The aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion electric heater (4) is installed on the top of the insulation chamber (2) in a liftable manner via a lifting device.

5. The aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the immersion electric heater (4) is electrically connected to an external power supply and a PID control system via a connecting line, and the lower end is immersed in the aluminum liquid.

6. The aluminum alloy continuous centralized melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An online temperature measuring device is installed at the soup outlet (3), and the online temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the PID control system through a connecting line.

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