Three-period extremely-small curved surface change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high-heat-flux surface heat dissipation

Abstract

The invention provides a three-period minimal curved surface change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high-heat-flux surface heat dissipation, and belongs to the technical field of phase change heat storage. According to the technical key points, the flow channels are divided into hot fluid flow channels allowing hot fluid to pass through and preventing cold fluid from flowing and cold fluid flow channels allowing cold fluid to pass through and preventing hot fluid from flowing, and the hot fluid flow channels and the cold fluid flow channels intersect in direction and are alternately arranged to form effective heat exchange channels. A phase change material is packaged in a hot fluid flow channel by adopting a three-period extremely-small curved surface structure, and the structure is used as a primary heat exchange surface, so that rapid heat exchange between the phase change material and hot fluid is promoted, and the heat storage rate is increased; cooperative disturbance structures matched with the three-period extremely-small curved surfaces are arranged in the cold fluid flow channels, heat exchange between the phase-change materials and the cold fluid is further promoted, and the heat dissipation rate is increased. The device has the advantages of being compact in structure and high in heat storage / release rate, and the requirements of high-power equipment in the instantaneous heat storage and dissipation process are effectively met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of phase change heat storage technology, and in particular relates to a phase change heat sink based on a three-period minimal surface and a disturbance structure adapted thereto, which realizes rapid heat dissipation of an airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the widespread application of high-power electronic devices such as spaceborne lasers and phased array antennas, the problem of instantaneous high heat flux density generated in pulsed working mode has become increasingly prominent. For example, when high-energy laser weapons are performing missions, the heat flux density can reach 100 to 800 W / cm 2 , the total heat load can reach 10 6 W. Efficient heat dissipation has become an urgent problem to be solved. The cooling system combining spray cooling and phase change heat exchanger has good application prospects in solving the field of cooling airborne instantaneous high heat flux equipment. For example, patent CN109041551A proposes an airborne spray cooling system that uses modular phase change material heat exchangers to store energy and uses ram air and fuel as cold sources. Its main feature is that during the working hours of the equipment, the spray cooling system is used to spray refrigerant to quickly absorb the instantaneous high heat flux of the airborne equipment. After absorbing the heat, the coolant enters the phase change heat exchanger and transfers the heat to the phase change material, thereby realizing rapid heat dissipation of the high heat flux surface. During non-working hours, ram air is introduced as a cold source to exchange heat with the phase change material to achieve heat dissipation.

[0003] Phase-change heat exchangers are key devices for heat transfer, and their heat storage and release rates directly impact the system's ability to sustain continuous operation. With the increasing heat dissipation demands of airborne equipment and the increasing frequency of pulsed operation, a lightweight and efficient heat storage phase-change heat exchanger is urgently needed.

[0004] Traditional plate-type phase-change heat exchangers use flat baffles to achieve heat exchange between three fluids: cold and hot fluids and phase-change material. In dual-fluid heat exchangers, CN119492275A discloses a heat exchanger that uses three-periodic minimal surfaces instead of flat baffles, effectively facilitating dual-fluid heat exchange. However, there is limited research on the application of three-periodic minimal surface structures in three-fluid phase-change heat exchangers, particularly on the coordinated optimization of the three-layer flow space to improve heat storage and release rates. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To further effectively apply the three-periodic minimal surface structure and optimize the heat exchange process of the three fluids, a three-periodic minimal surface phase change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation according to some embodiments of the present application includes: The housing is formed with a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a second direction, and an accommodating space, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; Partitions, at least one of which divides the housing space of the shell in the third direction to form a plurality of mutually isolated flow channel spaces; the flow channel spaces include first flow channel spaces and second flow channel spaces that are alternately arranged; A three-periodic minimal surface structure is disposed in the first flow channel space, dividing the first flow channel space into a first flow channel that allows fluid to pass in a first direction but blocks fluid from passing in a second direction, and a phase change material-filled space; the first flow channel and the phase change material-filled space are not connected to each other; The cooperative disturbance structure is provided in the second flow channel space as a fluid disturbance and support structure, and forms a second flow channel in the second flow channel space that allows the fluid in the second direction to pass through and blocks the fluid in the first direction from passing through.

[0006] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the three-period minimal surface structure is a sheet-like I-WP type three-period minimal surface structure, and its control equation is: Where x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established in the lattice cell; 、 、 are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in the x, y and z directions respectively; c is used to control the wall thickness of the lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure.

[0007] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for intermittent high heat flux density airborne heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the size of the sheet-like I-WP type three-period minimal surface lattice cell is mm, and the wall thickness is 0.5~1.0 mm.

[0008] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the cooperative disturbance structure is obtained by Boolean subtraction operation between the rectangular solid and the three-period minimal surface structure, and the contact area between the cooperative disturbance structure and the partition completely corresponds to the contact area between the partition and the phase change material filling space.

[0009] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the porosity of the cooperative disturbance structure is 0.75~0.95.

[0010] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the first flow channel space also includes two second seals arranged opposite to each other along the second direction to prevent the second direction fluid from flowing into the first flow channel, and baffles arranged opposite to each other along the first direction to adapt to the open boundary of the three-period minimal surface structure; the second flow channel space also includes two first seals arranged opposite to each other along the first direction to prevent the first direction fluid from flowing into the second flow channel.

[0011] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the three-period minimal surface structure cooperates with the baffle set in the first direction, the second seal set in the second direction, and the partition set in the third direction to enclose a closed phase change material filling space in the first flow channel space for encapsulating the phase change material; the three-period minimal surface structure cooperates with the second seal set in the second direction and the partition set in the third direction to define a first flow channel with an open boundary in the first flow channel space for fluid circulation in the first direction; the volume of the phase change material filling space and the first flow channel together constitute the entire volume of the first flow channel space, and the two are structurally adjacent but not connected to each other.

[0012] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the baffle adapted to the open boundary of the three-period minimal surface structure includes a straight portion and an external contour designed according to the open boundary of the three-period minimal surface structure, forming a follow-up adaptive structure.

[0013] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the third direction is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, a three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation further includes: a sealing head formed on the shell and disposed between the first fluid inlet and the accommodating space, between the accommodating space and the first fluid outlet, between the second fluid inlet and the accommodating space, and between the accommodating space and the second fluid outlet, so that the internal space of the sealing head is formed into a liquid collecting chamber; The flange is used to securely connect the sealing head to the fluid pipeline.

[0015] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the top flow channel space in the mutually isolated flow channel spaces is connected to the top inner wall of the shell by a partition; the bottom flow channel space in the mutually isolated flow channel spaces is connected to the bottom inner wall of the shell by a partition.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation is formed by 3D printing, and the connection between the various components of the heat exchanger is integrally printed or welded.

[0017] According to the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in some embodiments of the present application, the phase change material in the phase change material filling space is a solid-liquid phase change material, including an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material; the shell, the three-period minimal surface structure, the first seal, the second seal, and the partition are all made of metal.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: On the first aspect, the present invention is a three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation. A three-period minimal surface structure is introduced into the heat fluid channel to encapsulate the phase change material, and used as a primary heat exchange interface between the heat fluid and the phase change material, which significantly improves the heat exchange area and heat exchange efficiency, thereby effectively enhancing the instantaneous heat absorption capacity of the phase change material.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention utilizes a three-period minimally curved phase-change heat sink for intermittent, high-heat-flux-density airborne heat dissipation. A disturbance framework, designed to coordinate with the hot-side structure, is placed within the cold fluid channel. This framework precisely aligns with the contact area of ​​the phase-change material on the baffle, creating a continuous and efficient heat conduction path. This design facilitates rapid extraction of heat stored in the phase-change material by the cold fluid, enabling rapid cooling and heat release. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a left view (sectional structural view) of the three-period minimal curved surface phase change heat sink for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view (cross-sectional structural view) of the three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger used for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view of the three-period minimal surface phase change heat sink used for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the core in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the phase change material-filled space and the thermal fluid channel segmentation method in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 7 This is the design method and three-dimensional structure diagram of the cooperative perturbation structure in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the traditional phase change heat exchanger core used in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 9 (a) is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fin disturbance structure used in the cold fluid channel of Example 2.

[0029] Figure 9 (b) is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rod-shaped I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface perturbation structure used in the cold fluid channel of Example 3.

[0030] Figure 10 The figure is a comparison of the real-time heat exchange power between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0031] Figure 11 The figure is a comparison of the real-time heat exchange power of Example 1, Comparative Examples 2 and 3.

[0032] In the figure: 1 flange, 2 head, 3 shell, 4 cold fluid flow channel, 5 cooperative disturbance structure, 6 partition, 7 first seal, 8 lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure, 9 hot fluid flow channel, 10 phase change material filling space, 11 baffle, 12 second seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-7As shown, the three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation of the present invention includes a flange 1, a head 2, a shell 3 and a core; the core includes a hot fluid flow channel space, a cold fluid flow channel space, a three-period minimal surface structure and a cooperative disturbance structure 5, wherein the three-period minimal surface structure is filled in the hot fluid flow channel space, dividing the hot fluid flow channel space into a hot fluid flow channel 9 that allows hot fluid to pass through but hinders the passage of cold fluid and a phase change material filled space 10; the cooperative disturbance structure 5 is filled in the cold fluid flow channel space as a disturbance and support structure, forming a cold fluid flow channel 4 that allows cold fluid to pass through but hinders the passage of hot fluid in the cold fluid flow channel space; the hot fluid flow channel space and the cold fluid flow channel space are alternately arranged.

[0035] In one embodiment, the hot fluid flow channel space and the cold fluid flow channel space are separated by a partition 6; the hot fluid flow channel space also includes two second seals 12 arranged opposite to each other along the direction of the cold fluid to prevent the cold fluid from flowing into the hot fluid flow channel, and a baffle 11 arranged opposite to each other along the direction of the hot fluid to match the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure; the cold fluid flow channel space also includes two first seals 7 arranged opposite to each other along the direction of the hot fluid to prevent the hot fluid from flowing into the cold fluid flow channel.

[0036] In one solution, the baffle 11 adapted to the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure includes a straight portion and an outer contour designed according to the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure, forming a follow-up adaptive structure.

[0037] In one solution, the head 2 includes a hot fluid head and a cold fluid head; the flange 1 includes four hot fluid flow channel inlet and outlet flanges and cold fluid flow channel inlet and outlet flanges.

[0038] In one embodiment, the three-periodic minimal surface structure cooperates with the baffle 11, the partition 6 and the second seal 12 to enclose a closed phase change material filling space 10 in the hot fluid flow channel space for encapsulating the phase change material; the three-periodic minimal surface structure cooperates with the partition 6 and the second seal 12 to define a hot fluid flow channel 9 with an open boundary in the hot fluid flow channel space for the circulation of the hot fluid; the phase change material filling space 10 and the hot fluid flow channel 9 together constitute the entire volume of the hot fluid flow channel space, and the two are structurally adjacent but not connected to each other.

[0039] In one solution, the cold and hot fluids in the cold fluid flow channel 4 and the hot fluid flow channel 9 are arranged in a cross flow.

[0040] In one solution, the three-periodic minimal surface structure is a lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure 8, and the governing equation is: Where x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established in the lattice cell; 、 、 are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in the x, y and z directions respectively; c is used to control the wall thickness of the lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure.

[0041] In one embodiment, the lattice cell size of the sheet-like I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure 8 is mm, and the wall thickness is 0.5~1.0 mm.

[0042] In one embodiment, the cooperative perturbation structure 5 is obtained by Boolean subtraction, such as Figure 7 Specifically, in 3D modeling software, a rectangular solid was used as a base, and the I-WP lamellar three-periodic minimal surface structure skeleton was subtracted. Of the two resulting geometric forms, the structure whose contact area with the separator 6 completely corresponded to the contact area between the phase change material-filled space 10 and the separator 6 was selected as the cooperative perturbation structure 5. The porosity of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 was 0.75-0.95.

[0043] In one embodiment, the cooperative disturbance structure 5, the lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8 and the baffle 11 are manufactured by 3D printing; the heat exchanger material includes one or more of high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, and aluminum alloys; and the connection method between the various components of the heat exchanger is welding or integral printing.

[0044] Example 1: Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger for airborne intermittent high heat flux density surface heat dissipation, which is composed of a core, a flange 1, a head 2 and a shell 3. Figure 4 As shown, the core includes a hot fluid flow channel space, a cold fluid flow channel space, a lamellar I-WP three-period minimal surface structure 8 and a cooperative disturbance structure 5; the core is divided into a hot fluid flow channel space and a cold fluid flow channel space by a partition 6, and the hot fluid flow channel space and the cold fluid flow channel space are alternately arranged; the hot fluid flow channel space is filled with a lamellar I-WP three-period minimal surface structure 8, and the hot fluid flow channel space is provided with a second seal 12 in the direction of the cold fluid to prevent the cold fluid from flowing into the hot fluid flow channel, and a baffle 11 is provided in the direction of the hot fluid to match the open boundary of the lamellar I-WP three-period minimal surface structure; as shown Figure 6As shown, within the hot fluid flow channel space, a closed phase-change material-filled space 10 is formed between the sheet-like I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8, the baffle 11, the partition 6, and the second seal 12. Phase-change material is encapsulated within the phase-change material-filled space 10. A hot fluid flow channel 9 with an open boundary is defined within the hot fluid flow channel space between the sheet-like I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8, the partition 6, and the second seal 12. The cold fluid flow channel space is filled with a coordinated disturbance structure 5 as a disturbance and support structure, and a first seal 7 is provided in the cold fluid flow channel space opposite to the hot fluid flow direction to prevent the hot fluid from flowing into the cold fluid flow channel.

[0045] There are 4 cold fluid flow channels, 3 hot fluid flow channels, and 3 phase change material filling spaces. The cold and hot fluid flow channels are arranged alternately.

[0046] The heads 2 include two cold fluid heads and two hot fluid heads; there are four flanges 1. The flanges 1 are respectively connected to the heads 2 for the cold and hot fluid inlets and outlets, and the heads 2 are welded to the shell 3.

[0047] The connection method between the cooperative disturbance structure 5 and the partition 6 and the shell 3 is welding; the connection method between the sheet I-WP three-period minimal surface structure 8, the baffle 11 and the partition 6 is welding; the connection method between the partition 6 and the first seal 7 and the second seal 12 is welding; the connection method between the sheet I-WP three-period minimal surface structure 8 and the baffle 11 is integral printing.

[0048] The cold and hot fluids are coolant, water or air; the length, width and height of the cold fluid flow channel are 50mm, 50mm and 5mm respectively, and the length, width and height of the hot fluid flow channel are 50mm, 50mm and 10mm respectively, and the two fluids flow in perpendicular directions. The phase change material in the phase change material filling space 10 is paraffin (C 16 H 34 The heat exchanger is made of aluminum alloy as a whole. The coordinated disturbance structure 5, the lamellar I-WP three-period minimal surface structure 8, and the baffle 11 are manufactured using 3D printing technology (selective laser melting) and are made of aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg).

[0049] The height of the lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8 is 10 mm, the length and width are both 50 mm, the unit cell size is 10×10×10 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.89 mm (corresponding to a porosity of 70%), as shown in Figure 1. Figure 5As shown in Figure 5 , the height of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 is 5 mm, the length and width are both 50 mm, the unit cell size is 10×10×5 mm, and the porosity of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 is 87.5%. The unit cell of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 is generated by using a 10×10×5 mm rectangular solid as the matrix and subtracting a sheet-like I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure with a porosity of 25% and a unit cell size of 10×10×5 mm, as shown in Figure 5 . Figure 7 As shown, after the subtraction operation, two structures, geometric form 1 and geometric form 2, will be obtained, wherein the contact area of ​​geometric form 1 placed in the cold fluid flow channel space and the partition 6 completely corresponds to the contact area of ​​the phase change material filled space 10 and the partition 6, and is selected as the cooperative disturbance structure 5.

[0050] During the heat exchange process, the cold and hot side fluids enter the heat exchanger head through pipes connected to the heat exchanger flange, and then enter the cold fluid flow channel 4 and the hot fluid flow channel 9, respectively. Because the hot fluid flow channel 9 is equipped with a second seal 12 at the cold fluid inlet, the cold fluid working medium will not enter the hot fluid flow channel. The cold fluid flow channel 4 is equipped with a first seal 7 at the hot fluid inlet, so the hot fluid working medium will not enter the cold fluid flow channel. The phase change material is encapsulated inside the phase change material-filled space, so the cold and hot fluids will not enter the phase change material-filled space 10. After entering their respective flow channels, the cold and hot fluids can enter a more vigorous turbulent state under the action of the lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8 and the cooperative disturbance structure 5.

[0051] When a hot fluid enters the heat exchanger, it enters a heat storage state. After entering the hot fluid flow channel, the hot fluid releases heat to the phase change material through the lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure 8. The phase change material absorbs heat during the melting process. Due to the large surface area of ​​the three-periodic minimal surface, the heat storage rate is effectively increased. When a cold fluid enters the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger enters a heat release state. After entering the cold fluid flow channel, the cold fluid absorbs heat from the phase change material through the partition 6. The phase change material releases heat during the solidification process. Because the contact area between the cooperative perturbation structure 5 and the partition 6 completely corresponds to the phase change material filling space 10, the heat release rate is effectively increased. After the heat exchange is completed, the hot and cold fluids respectively flow out of the heat exchanger through the internal space of the outlet head 2.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: Figure 8 As shown, Comparative Example 1 uses a traditional phase change heat exchanger core, including two cold fluid channels, four phase change material-filled spaces, and three hot fluid channels. The number of hot fluid channels is the same as in Example 1. The channels are arranged in the following order: hot fluid channel - phase change material-filled space - cold fluid channel - phase change material-filled space - hot fluid channel, in a cycle. The channels are separated by partitions.

[0053] The cold fluid channel and the hot fluid channel are filled with serrated fins, which have a height of 5 mm, a width of 5 mm, a staggered length of 1.2 mm, a fin thickness of 0.375 mm, and a fin spacing of 5 mm. The phase change material-filled space is filled with a lamellar I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure with a height of 5 mm, a length and width of 50 mm, a unit cell size of 5×5×5 mm, and a porosity of 70%.

[0054] When the heat exchanger is in the heat storage state, the hot fluid entering the heat exchanger through the inlet flange is liquid water, with a flow rate of 3.75 kg / s and an inlet temperature of 348 K. Assuming that the flow rate of the three hot fluid channels is evenly distributed, that is, the flow rate of each hot fluid channel is 1.25 kg / s. Heat exchange simulations are performed using local heat exchange units of equal volume in each hot fluid channel. The sum of the heat exchange power of the three local heat exchange units is used as an evaluation index for the heat storage performance of the overall heat exchanger. The heat storage performance of the heat exchangers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is compared.

[0055] Comparative Example 1 adopts a traditional partition structure, with a straight partition as the primary heat exchange surface between the thermal fluid and the phase change material, and is supplemented by a sheet-like I-WP type three-period minimal surface structure inside, which only serves as a secondary expansion surface during the heat exchange process. In contrast, the sheet-like I-WP type three-period minimal surface structure used in Example 1 directly encapsulates the phase change material and serves as the primary heat exchange interface between the thermal fluid and the phase change material. With its geometric characteristics of large specific surface area, it significantly improves the heat transfer rate between the thermal fluid and the phase change material. The heat storage process simulation of the local heat exchange unit is carried out, and the heat exchange rate results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown in Figure 1, the three-period minimal surface phase-change heat exchanger in Example 1 achieved a maximum instantaneous heat storage power of 703.9 W, 163.2% higher than the conventional partition-type phase-change heat exchanger (267.4 W) in Comparative Example 1. Within the first second of the heat storage process, the three-period minimal surface phase-change heat exchanger in Example 1 stored 150.8 J of heat, 74.5% higher than the conventional partition-type phase-change heat exchanger (86.4 J) in Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the three-period minimal surface heat exchanger of the present invention possesses extremely high instantaneous heat absorption capacity, efficiently storing heat in a very short period of time.

[0056] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 1, all the cooperative disturbance structures 5 in the cold fluid flow channel of Example 1 are replaced with zigzag fin structures, such as Figure 9 As shown in (a), the zigzag fin has a height of 5 mm, a width of 5 mm, a staggered length of 1.2 mm, a fin thickness of 0.375 mm, and a fin spacing of 5 mm, ensuring that the porosity of the zigzag fin structure in Comparative Example 2 is the same as the porosity of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 in Example 1, both of which are 87.5%.

[0057] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 1, the cooperative perturbation structure 5 in the cold fluid channel of Example 1 is completely replaced with a rod-shaped I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure, such as Figure 9 As shown in (b), the rod-shaped I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure has a height of 5 mm, a length and a width of 50 mm, and a unit cell size of 10×10×5 mm, ensuring that the porosity of the rod-shaped I-WP three-periodic minimal surface structure in Comparative Example 3 is the same as the porosity of the cooperative perturbation structure 5 in Example 1, both of which are 87.5%.

[0058] When the heat exchanger is in the exothermic state, the cold fluid entering the heat exchanger from the heat exchanger inlet flange is liquid water with a flow rate of 6.12×10 -3 kg / s, and the inlet temperature is 300 K. Assume that the flow rates of the four cold fluid channels are evenly distributed, that is, the flow rate of each hot fluid channel is 1.53×10 -3 kg / s. The heat exchange process between the local heat exchange unit of a single cold fluid channel and the phase change material-filled space was simulated. The heat exchange power of the local heat exchange unit was used as an evaluation index for the heat release performance of the heat exchanger. The heat release performance of the heat exchangers of Example 1, Comparative Examples 2, and Comparative Examples 3 were compared.

[0059] Compared with Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the contact position of the cooperative disturbance structure 5 and the partition 6 in Example 1 accurately covers the contact area between the phase change material and the partition 6, which is conducive to the rapid extraction of heat by the cold fluid and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the phase change material. The heat storage process simulation of the local heat exchange unit is carried out, and the heat exchange rate results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown. When the cooperative perturbation structure 5 (Example 1) is embedded in the cold fluid flow channel, the heat release power of the phase change heat exchanger is ahead of the heat exchanger embedded with traditional fins (Comparative Example 2) and the rod-shaped I-WP three-period minimal surface perturbation structure (Comparative Example 3) throughout the process. In the first 30 seconds of the heat release process, the average heat release power of Example 1 is 0.61W, that of Comparative Example 2 is 0.5W, and that of Comparative Example 3 is 0.58W. The average heat release power of Example 1 is 22% and 5.2% higher than that of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, respectively. It can be seen that the present invention is also significantly superior to the heat exchanger with traditional structures in terms of heat release power, and is expected to achieve rapid heat dissipation during the intermittent period of high heat flux density surface operation.

[0060] From the above, the three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger proposed in the present invention performs excellently in terms of instantaneous heat storage capacity and heat release rate, providing a feasible solution for efficient thermal management of airborne platforms under high heat flux density and intermittent working conditions.

[0061] Although the above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, they are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention and not all implementation methods. Other embodiments obtained through non-creative work based on this embodiment without departing from the design spirit and principles of the present invention, as well as any modifications, equivalent replacements, or improvements thereto, are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-period minimal surface phase change heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: The housing is formed with a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a second direction, and an accommodating space, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; Partitions, at least one of which divides the housing space of the shell in the third direction to form a plurality of mutually isolated flow channel spaces; the flow channel spaces include first flow channel spaces and second flow channel spaces that are alternately arranged; A three-periodic minimal surface structure is disposed in the first flow channel space, dividing the first flow channel space into a first flow channel that allows fluid to pass in a first direction but blocks fluid from passing in a second direction, and a phase change material-filled space; the first flow channel and the phase change material-filled space are not connected to each other; The cooperative disturbance structure is provided in the second flow channel space as a fluid disturbance and support structure, and forms a second flow channel in the second flow channel space that allows the fluid in the second direction to pass through and blocks the fluid in the first direction from passing through.

2. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooperative perturbation structure is obtained by performing a Boolean subtraction operation on a rectangular solid and the three-periodic minimal surface structure, and the contact area between the cooperative perturbation structure and the partition completely corresponds to the contact area between the partition and the phase change material filling space; preferably, the porosity of the cooperative perturbation structure is 0.75~0.

95.

3. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel space also includes two second seals arranged opposite to each other along the second direction to prevent the fluid in the second direction from flowing into the first flow channel, and a baffle arranged opposite to each other along the first direction to adapt to the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure; the second flow channel space also includes two first seals arranged opposite to each other along the first direction to prevent the fluid in the first direction from flowing into the second flow channel.

4. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-periodic minimal surface structure cooperates with the baffle set in the first direction, the second seal set in the second direction, and the partition set in the third direction to enclose a closed phase change material filling space in the first flow channel space for encapsulating the phase change material; the three-periodic minimal surface structure cooperates with the second seal set in the second direction and the partition set in the third direction to define a first flow channel with an open boundary in the first flow channel space for fluid circulation in the first direction.

5. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle adapted to the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure comprises a straight portion and an outer contour designed according to the open boundary of the three-periodic minimal surface structure, forming a follow-up adaptive structure.

6. A three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The three-periodic minimal surface structure is a lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure, and its governing equation is: Where x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established in the lattice cell; 、 、 are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in the x, y and z directions respectively; c is used to control the wall thickness of the lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface structure.

7. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The size of the cell of the lamellar I-WP type three-periodic minimal surface lattice mm, and the wall thickness is 0.5~1.0 mm.

8. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the third direction is perpendicular to a plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

9. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger further comprises: a sealing head formed on the shell and disposed between the first fluid inlet and the accommodating space, between the accommodating space and the first fluid outlet, between the second fluid inlet and the accommodating space, and between the accommodating space and the second fluid outlet, so that the internal space of the sealing head is formed into a liquid collecting chamber; The flange is used to securely connect the sealing head to the fluid pipeline.

10. The three-period minimal surface phase change heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top flow channel space of the mutually isolated flow channel spaces is connected to the top inner wall of the shell by a partition plate; the bottom flow channel space of the mutually isolated flow channel spaces is connected to the bottom inner wall of the shell by a partition plate.

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