Marine micro-plastic sorting device based on magnetic marking technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an ocean micro-plastic sorting device based on a magnetic marking technology, and belongs to the technical field of ocean micro-plastic sorting, the sorting device comprises a sorting container, a cover body hinged to the sorting container and magnetically attracted to the sorting container, and a liquid inlet pipe fixedly arranged on the cover body; the primary screening piece is arranged in the liquid inlet pipe; the mixing structure is arranged on the cover body, is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe and the cover body and is used for combining the Fe3O4 nano ferrofluid and the micro-plastic to form a magnetic coating layer; and the magnetic attraction structure is arranged in the sorting container. According to the marine micro-plastic sorting device based on the magnetic marking technology, strong magnetic substances in seawater are preliminarily separated through the preliminary screening piece so as to reduce interference and improve the sorting quality, Fe3O4 nano ferrofluid is combined with micro-plastic through the rotating cylinder, the electromagnetic valve, the piston assembly and the transmission assembly, and then the micro-plastic is separated out through magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction structure; and the marine micro-plastic sorting effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of marine microplastic sorting, and specifically to a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology. Background Art

[0002] As marine plastic pollution worsens, microplastics (particles smaller than 5 mm) are difficult to degrade naturally, easily ingested by marine organisms and passed through the food chain, posing a threat to human health and becoming a global environmental issue. Efficient separation and detection of marine microplastics is crucial for pollution assessment and the development of prevention and control strategies.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with announcement number CN211247312U discloses a portable marine microplastic sorting device. It pushes two first connecting plates respectively through two electric push rods, and the first screen and the second screen are opened to both sides, so that the large particles on the first screen and the second screen slide into the second collection box on both sides, avoiding the presence of more small particles in the large particles, effectively ensuring the uniformity of the sorted microparticles, and improving the sorting effect. However, although the marine microplastic sorting device can achieve the sorting of microplastics, it directly filters the extracted seawater. Due to the tiny size and complex surface properties of microplastics, the difficulty of separation is further increased. Some naturally occurring strong magnetic substances in seawater are easily mixed with microplastics, causing serious interference in the subsequent separation process. This direct filtration physical separation method is often difficult to achieve an ideal separation effect when facing microplastics.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology, which aims to solve the problems raised in the background technology that the existing marine microplastic sorting device uses direct filtration of seawater. Due to the characteristics of microplastics and interference from strong magnetic substances in seawater, the direct filtration physical separation method is difficult to achieve ideal results.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology, comprising a sorting container, a cover hinged on the sorting container and magnetically attracted to the sorting container, and a liquid inlet pipe fixedly arranged on the cover; The sorting device also includes a primary screening element provided in the liquid inlet pipe for preliminarily separating ferromagnetic substances in seawater, a mixing structure provided on the cover and in communication with the liquid inlet pipe and the cover body for combining Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and microplastics to form a magnetic coating layer, and a magnetic attraction structure provided in the sorting container for adsorbing microplastics combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid; The hybrid structure includes a piston assembly arranged on the cover body for injecting Fe304 nano ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe, a rotating cylinder rotatably arranged inside the cover body, an electromagnetic valve fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder, and a transmission assembly arranged on the rotating cylinder and connected to the piston assembly for converting the linear motion of the piston assembly into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder. The end of the rotating cylinder away from the cover body is rotatably connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe; the ferromagnetic substances in the seawater entering the liquid inlet pipe can be preliminarily separated by the primary screening element to reduce the interference of the ferromagnetic substances on the subsequent sorting process, thereby improving the quality of sorting. At the same time, the combined design of the rotating cylinder, the electromagnetic valve, the piston assembly and the transmission assembly can make Fe304 Nano-ferromagnetic fluid is mixed with seawater, and physical adsorption or electrostatic effect is used to combine microplastics with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid. After the rotating cylinder rotates to the set number of turns, the solenoid valve opens to ensure that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and microplastics are fully combined before entering the next step of separation, thereby ensuring the subsequent magnetic separation effect of microplastics. In addition, when the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and microplastics are fully combined in the mixed structure, the mixed liquid containing microplastics enters the sorting container, and the magnetic structure can separate the microplastics from the seawater. The cover is hinged to the sorting container by magnetic attraction, which not only ensures the sealing performance of the device, but also can be quickly disassembled, making it easy to remove and detect the microplastics magnetically attracted to the magnetic structure, thereby improving the operation convenience and maintenance efficiency of the device.

[0007] Preferably, in order to achieve the preliminary separation of ferromagnetic substances, the primary screening element includes a weak magnetic filter fixedly arranged in the liquid inlet pipe for magnetically attracting ferromagnetic substances in seawater; by adsorbing ferromagnetic substances in seawater through the weak magnetism of the weak magnetic filter, the ferromagnetic substances can be blocked on the weak magnetic filter, while non-ferromagnetic substances such as seawater and microplastics pass through, thereby avoiding interference with the subsequent microplastic sorting process and improving the accuracy and quality of the sorting.

[0008] Preferably, in order to realize the injection of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, the piston assembly includes a fixed cylinder fixedly mounted on the cover body corresponding to one side of the liquid inlet pipe, a piston slidably connected to the fixed cylinder, a push rod passing through one end of the fixed cylinder away from the liquid inlet pipe and fixedly connected to the piston, an injection pipe fixedly connected to one end of the fixed cylinder close to the liquid inlet pipe and fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe, a sliding plate slidably connected to the cover body, a connecting rod fixedly connected to one end of the sliding plate and fixedly connected to the end of the push rod away from the piston, and A cylinder is fixedly mounted on the cover and located at one end of the sliding plate away from the connecting rod for driving the sliding plate to move, and the injection pipe is located below the weak magnetic filter; the sliding plate is driven to move by the cylinder, and the push rod is driven by the connecting rod to make the piston slide in the fixed cylinder, so that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid in the fixed cylinder can be injected into the liquid inlet pipe through the injection pipe, and the injection pipe is located below the weak magnetic filter, which can ensure that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid is mixed with the seawater that has passed the initial screening, creating conditions for the subsequent combination of microplastics and Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid.

[0009] Preferably, in order to ensure the sliding of the sliding plate, a sliding groove for the sliding plate to slide is opened on the cover body at a position corresponding to the sliding plate; the design of the sliding groove provides a moving track for the sliding plate, thereby limiting the moving direction of the sliding plate, so that the sliding plate can only slide in a straight line along the sliding groove, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of the sliding plate, and further ensuring the stable injection of Fe304 nano ferromagnetic fluid into the piston assembly.

[0010] Preferably, in order to convert the linear motion of the piston assembly into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder, the transmission assembly includes a gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating cylinder and a rack fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate for moving with the sliding plate close to the gear and meshing with the gear; with this design, when the cylinder drives the sliding plate to move, the rack moves with the sliding plate and approaches the gear until it meshes, and as the rack continues to move, the meshing action between it and the gear causes the gear to rotate, thereby driving the rotating cylinder to rotate, and then enabling the rotating cylinder to rotate and stir during the injection of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, ensuring that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid is fully mixed with seawater, thereby improving the effect of combining microplastics with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid.

[0011] Preferably, in order to further improve the mixing effect of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater, a thread groove is opened inside the rotating cylinder; due to the design of the thread groove, when the rotating cylinder rotates, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater entering the rotating cylinder will be obstructed and guided by the thread groove. Due to the special shape of the thread groove, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater continuously change the flow direction and speed during the rotation process, generating complex turbulence and eddy currents, thereby stirring the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater entering the rotating cylinder, so that the two are fully in contact and mixed, thereby enhancing the mixing degree of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater, improving the effect of combining microplastics with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, and facilitating the subsequent sorting of microplastics.

[0012] Preferably, in order to achieve the separation of microplastics and seawater, the magnetic attraction structure includes a strong magnetic filter cartridge rotatably connected to the sorting container and coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder, and a motor fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the sorting container for driving the strong magnetic filter cartridge to rotate, and the strong magnetic filter cartridge is located below the solenoid valve; in this design, when the mixed liquid of microplastics combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid falls from the solenoid valve into the sorting container, the strong magnetic filter cartridge uses its strong magnetism to absorb the microplastics combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, and the seawater is discharged through the filter holes of the strong magnetic filter cartridge.

[0013] Preferably, in order to facilitate the discharge of the separated seawater, a drain pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the sorting container, and a valve is fixedly installed on the drain pipe. With this design, when the microplastics are separated from the seawater, the valve is opened and the seawater can be discharged from the sorting container through the drain pipe, thereby conveniently and quickly discharging the separated seawater, maintaining the environment inside the sorting container, and facilitating the subsequent removal of the microplastics.

[0014] Preferably, in order to start the solenoid valve and the motor after the rotating drum rotates to a set number of turns, the sorting device also includes a trigger component arranged on the slide groove and the sliding plate for starting the solenoid valve and the motor and pausing the cylinder; the design of the trigger component can ensure that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater are fully mixed in the rotating drum before the solenoid valve is opened to lower the mixed liquid into the sorting container, and the motor is started to drive the magnetic attraction structure to work, which effectively improves the sufficiency of the combination of microplastics and Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of microplastic sorting.

[0015] Preferably, in order to achieve triggering, the trigger assembly includes a trigger piece fixedly mounted on the sliding plate near one end of the cylinder and a switch fixedly mounted in the slide groove for inductive contact with the trigger piece; when the sliding plate moves to the set position, the trigger piece inductively contacts the switch, triggering the switch, thereby controlling the solenoid valve and the motor to start, and at the same time suspending the cylinder to ensure that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and the microplastic are fully mixed before the next separation operation, thereby improving the working efficiency and sorting effect of the device.

[0016] This marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology can initially separate strong magnetic substances in seawater entering the liquid inlet pipe through a primary screening element, thereby reducing the interference of strong magnetic substances on the subsequent sorting process, thereby improving the sorting quality; This marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology uses a combined design of a rotating cylinder, solenoid valve, piston assembly, and transmission assembly to ensure that Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid is fully combined with microplastics. The magnetic attraction structure then magnetically separates the microplastics, ensuring the magnetic attraction and sorting effect of microplastics. The cover of the marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology is hinged to the sorting container by magnetic attraction, which not only ensures the sealing performance of the device but also can be quickly disassembled, making it easy to remove and detect the microplastics magnetically attracted to the magnetic attraction structure, improving the operation convenience and maintenance efficiency of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic attraction structure in a marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hybrid structure in a marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston assembly in a marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a rotating drum in a marine microplastic sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Sorting container; 11. Drain pipe; 12. Valve; 2. Cover body; 21. Slide groove; 3. Liquid inlet pipe; 4. Primary screening element; 41. Weak magnetic filter; 5. Mixing structure; 51. Piston assembly; 511. Fixed cylinder; 512. Piston; 513. Push rod; 514. Injection pipe; 515. Connecting rod; 516. Sliding plate; 517. Cylinder; 52. Rotating cylinder; 521. Threaded groove; 53. Solenoid valve; 54. Transmission assembly; 541. Rack; 542. Gear; 6. Magnetic structure; 61. Strong magnetic filter cartridge; 62. Motor; 7. Trigger assembly; 71. Trigger sheet; 72. Switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application. Example

[0020] This embodiment provides a marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, the sorting device includes a sorting container 1, a cover 2 hinged on the sorting container 1 and magnetically attracted to the sorting container 1, and a liquid inlet pipe 3 fixedly arranged on the cover 2; the sorting device also includes a primary screening member 4 arranged in the liquid inlet pipe 3 for preliminarily separating ferromagnetic substances in seawater, a mixing structure 5 arranged on the cover 2 and connected to the liquid inlet pipe 3 and the cover 2 for combining Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and microplastics to form a magnetic coating layer, and a magnetic attraction structure 6 arranged in the sorting container 1 for adsorbing microplastics combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid; the mixing structure 5 includes a piston assembly 51 arranged on the cover 2 for injecting Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe 3, a rotating cylinder 52 rotatably arranged inside the cover 2, an electromagnetic valve 53 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 52, and a transmission assembly 54 arranged on the rotating cylinder 52 and connected to the piston assembly 51 for converting the linear motion of the piston assembly 51 into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder 52, and the rotating cylinder 52 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 3 at one end away from the cover 2.

[0021] Among them, in order to achieve the preliminary separation of ferromagnetic substances, the primary screening element 4 includes a weak magnetic filter 41 fixedly arranged in the liquid inlet pipe 3 for magnetically attracting ferromagnetic substances in seawater; the weak magnetic filter 41 is a metal filter, and then a layer of weak magnetic material, such as a nickel-iron alloy coating, is coated on the metal filter by spraying or electroplating. When seawater flows through the weak magnetic filter 41, the weak magnetic field generated by the coating will absorb the ferromagnetic substances in the seawater, so that the ferromagnetic substances can be blocked on the weak magnetic filter 41, while non-ferromagnetic substances such as seawater and microplastics pass through, thereby avoiding interference with the subsequent microplastic sorting process and improving the accuracy and quality of the sorting.

[0022] In order to further improve the mixing effect of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater, a thread groove 521 is opened inside the rotating cylinder 52; due to the design of the thread groove 521, when the rotating cylinder 52 rotates, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater entering the rotating cylinder 52 will be blocked and guided by the thread groove 521. Due to the special shape of the thread groove 521, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater continuously change their flow direction and speed during the rotation process, generating complex turbulence and eddy currents, thereby stirring the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater entering the rotating cylinder 52, allowing the two to fully contact and mix, thereby enhancing the mixing degree of Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and seawater, improving the effect of combining microplastics with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, and facilitating the subsequent sorting of microplastics.

[0023] During use, seawater containing microplastics is injected into the device through the liquid inlet pipe 3. The seawater containing microplastics first flows through the weak magnetic filter 41 in the liquid inlet pipe, and the strong magnetic substances therein are adsorbed and removed by the weak magnetic filter 41, while the seawater after preliminary filtration continues to flow downward into the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 3. At the same time, the piston assembly 51 will inject Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 3 for preliminary mixing with the seawater after preliminary filtration. The mixed liquid will flow into the rotating cylinder 52 along the liquid inlet pipe 3. During this process, the solenoid valve 53 is in a closed state. Due to the transmission action of the transmission assembly 54, the rotating cylinder 52 rotates. As the rotating cylinder 52 rotates, The mixed liquid flowing into the rotating drum 52 will be fully combined with the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and the microplastics in the seawater through the rotating stirring action of the rotating drum 52. After the combination is completed, the rotating drum 52 rotates to the set number of circles, and the solenoid valve 53 is opened. Then, the mixed liquid containing the microplastics combined with the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid will enter the magnetic attraction structure 6. Subsequently, the magnetic attraction structure 6 starts to work and uses its strong magnetic attraction to absorb the microplastics combined with the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, and the seawater is discharged through the filter holes of the strong magnetic filter drum 61. Among them, the microplastics are combined with the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid through physical adsorption and electrostatic attraction to form a magnetic coating layer.

[0024] Specifically, the piston assembly 51 includes a fixed cylinder 511 fixedly mounted on the cover body 2 at a side corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe 3, a piston 512 slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 511, a push rod 513 passing through the fixed cylinder 511 at an end away from the liquid inlet pipe 3 and fixedly connected to the piston 512, an injection pipe 514 fixedly connected to an end of the fixed cylinder 511 close to the liquid inlet pipe 3 and fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 3, a sliding plate 516 slidably connected to the cover body 2, a connecting rod 515 fixedly connected to one end of the sliding plate 516 and fixedly connected to an end of the push rod 513 away from the piston 512, and a cylinder 517 fixedly mounted on the cover body 2 and located at an end of the sliding plate 516 away from the connecting rod 515 for driving the sliding plate 516 to move. The injection pipe 514 is located below the weak magnetic filter 41. When it is necessary to inject Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe 3, the cylinder 517 is started, the piston rod of the cylinder 517 contracts and pulls the sliding plate 516 to slide on the cover body 2. Since the sliding plate 516 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 515, the connecting rod 515 will move synchronously with the sliding of the sliding plate 516, and the end of the connecting rod 515 away from the sliding plate 516 is fixedly connected to the push rod 513, and the push rod 513 is fixedly connected to the piston 512 slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 511, so the movement of the connecting rod 515 will push the push rod 513. 3 and the piston 512 move toward the side close to the liquid inlet pipe 3. As the piston 512 slides, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid in the fixed cylinder 511 will be compressed into the injection pipe 514, and finally injected into the liquid inlet pipe 3 through the injection pipe 514. Since the injection pipe 514 is located below the weak magnetic filter 41, it can ensure that the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid can smoothly enter the seawater area after the initial screening by the weak magnetic filter 41 and be preliminarily mixed with the seawater, thereby completing the working process of the piston assembly 51 to inject the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe 3.

[0025] In addition, in order to ensure the sliding of the sliding plate 516, a sliding groove 21 for the sliding plate 516 to slide is opened at the position corresponding to the sliding plate 516 on the cover body 2; the design of the sliding groove 21 provides a moving track for the sliding plate 516, limits the moving direction of the sliding plate 516, so that the sliding plate 516 can only slide in a straight line along the sliding groove 21, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of the sliding plate 516, thereby ensuring the stable injection of Fe304 nano ferromagnetic fluid by the piston assembly 51.

[0026] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 54 includes a gear 542 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating cylinder 52 and a rack 541 fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate 516 for moving with the sliding plate 516 close to the gear 542 and meshing with the gear 542; When the piston rod of the cylinder 517 contracts and pulls the sliding plate 516 to slide on the cover body 2, the rack 541 fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate 516 can move synchronously with the sliding plate 516. After the sliding plate 516 moves a certain position, the rack 541 approaches the gear 542 and engages with the gear 542. As the sliding plate 516 continues to move, the continuous movement of the rack 541 drives the gear 542 to rotate through the meshing action of the rack 541 and the gear 542. The gear 542 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating cylinder 52, and the rotating cylinder 52 can rotate together with the gear 542. As the rotating cylinder 52 rotates, the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and the seawater that has been pre-screened entering the rotating cylinder 52 will be guided by the thread groove 521, so that the two are fully contacted and mixed, thereby increasing the probability of microplastics and Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid combining.

[0027] Furthermore, the magnetic attraction structure 6 includes a strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 rotatably connected to the sorting container 1 and coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder 52, and a motor 62 fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the sorting container 1 for driving the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 to rotate. The strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 is located below the solenoid valve 53. A drain pipe 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the sorting container 1, and a valve 12 is fixedly installed on the drain pipe 11. When the microplastic mixture combined with Fe304 nano ferromagnetic fluid is opened by the solenoid valve 53, it will flow into the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 located below the solenoid valve 53. At the same time, the motor 62 starts and drives the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder 52 to rotate. The strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high magnetic permeability and high coercive force, so that the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 as a whole has strong magnetism. As the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 rotates, the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61 can use its own strong magnetism to adsorb the microplastics combined with Fe304 nano ferromagnetic fluid in the mixed liquid, while the seawater passes through the filter holes of the strong magnetic filter cartridge 61, and then the seawater gathers at the bottom of the sorting container 1. When the treated seawater needs to be discharged, the valve 12 fixedly installed on the drain pipe 11 on one side of the bottom of the sorting container 1 is opened, and the seawater is discharged from the drain pipe 11. Example

[0028] Different from Example 1, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to activate the solenoid valve 53 and the motor 62 after the rotating drum 52 rotates a set number of times, the sorting device further includes a trigger assembly 7 disposed on the chute 21 and the sliding plate 516 for activating the solenoid valve 53 and the motor 62 and pausing the cylinder 517. The trigger assembly 7 includes a trigger plate 71 fixedly mounted on one end of the sliding plate 516 near the cylinder 517 and a switch 72 fixedly mounted in the chute 21 for inductively contacting the trigger plate 71. When the sliding plate 516 slides to a specific position, the trigger piece 71 fixedly installed on the sliding plate 516 near one end of the cylinder 517 will be inductively contacted with the switch 72 fixedly installed in the slide groove 21. At this time, the switch 72 receives the trigger signal, and then controls the solenoid valve 53 to open, so that the microplastic mixture combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid can flow from the bottom of the rotating cylinder 52 into the magnetic attraction structure 6. At the same time, the switch 72 will also control the motor 62 to start, drive the strong magnetic filter cylinder 61 to rotate to absorb microplastics, and the switch 72 will control the cylinder 517 to suspend work and stop injecting Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe 3, thereby realizing the linkage control of the trigger component 7 on the solenoid valve 53, the motor 62 and the cylinder 517.

[0029] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and concept of the present application within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and they should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology, comprising a sorting container (1), a cover (2) hinged on the sorting container (1) and magnetically attracted to the sorting container (1), and a liquid inlet pipe (3) fixedly arranged on the cover (2); Its characteristics are: The separation device further comprises a primary screening element (4) arranged in the liquid inlet pipe (3) for preliminarily separating ferromagnetic substances in seawater, a mixing structure (5) arranged on the cover (2) and in communication with the liquid inlet pipe (3) and the cover (2) for combining Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid and microplastics to form a magnetic coating layer, and a magnetic attraction structure (6) arranged in the separation container (1) for adsorbing microplastics combined with Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid, wherein the concentration of the Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid is 0.01%. The mixing structure (5) comprises a piston assembly (51) arranged on the cover body (2) for injecting Fe304 nano-ferromagnetic fluid into the liquid inlet pipe (3), a rotating cylinder (52) rotatably arranged inside the cover body (2), a solenoid valve (53) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder (52), and a transmission assembly (54) arranged on the rotating cylinder (52) and connected to the piston assembly (51) for converting the linear motion of the piston assembly (51) into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder (52), and the end of the rotating cylinder (52) away from the cover body (2) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe (3).

2. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary screening element (4) comprises a weak magnetic filter (41) fixedly arranged in the liquid inlet pipe (3) and used for magnetically attracting strong magnetic substances in seawater.

3. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The piston assembly (51) comprises a fixed cylinder (511) fixedly mounted on the cover body (2) at one side corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe (3), a piston (512) slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (511), a push rod (513) passing through the fixed cylinder (511) at one end away from the liquid inlet pipe (3) and fixedly connected to the piston (512), and an injection pipe (514) fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder (511) at one end close to the liquid inlet pipe (3) and fixedly connected to the bottom side of the liquid inlet pipe (3). ), a sliding plate (516) slidably connected to the cover body (2), a connecting rod (515) fixedly connected to one end of the sliding plate (516) and fixedly connected to the end of the push rod (513) away from the piston (512), and a cylinder (517) fixedly mounted on the cover body (2) and located at the end of the sliding plate (516) away from the connecting rod (515) for driving the sliding plate (516) to move, and the injection pipe (514) is located below the weak magnetic filter (41).

4. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A sliding groove (21) for sliding the sliding plate (516) is provided on the cover body (2) at a position corresponding to the sliding plate (516).

5. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly (54) includes a gear (542) fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating cylinder (52) and a rack (541) fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate (516) for moving with the sliding plate (516) to approach the gear (542) and mesh with the gear (542).

6. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A threaded groove (521) is provided inside the rotating cylinder (52).

7. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction structure (6) includes a strong magnetic filter cartridge (61) rotatably connected to the separation container (1) and coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder (52), and a motor (62) fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the separation container (1) for driving the strong magnetic filter cartridge (61) to rotate. The strong magnetic filter cartridge (61) is located below the solenoid valve (53).

8. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drainage pipe (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the separation container (1), and a valve (12) is fixedly installed on the drainage pipe (11).

9. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sorting device further comprises a trigger assembly (7) arranged on the chute (21) and the sliding plate (516) for starting the solenoid valve (53) and the motor (62) and pausing the cylinder (517).

10. The marine microplastics sorting device based on magnetic labeling technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trigger assembly (7) comprises a trigger plate (71) fixedly mounted on one end of the sliding plate (516) close to the cylinder (517), and a switch (72) fixedly mounted in the slide groove (21) for inductive contact with the trigger plate (71).

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