Plunger pump

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid pumps, and particularly relates to a plunger pump. Four plunger holes are distributed in the pump head in a matrix mode, water inlet one-way valves are arranged in the four plunger holes, a water outlet pipeline communicated with the corresponding plunger hole is arranged on the pump head beside each plunger hole, a first water outlet one-way valve is arranged in each water outlet pipeline, a water catchment channel is further arranged in the pump head, and the water catchment channel is communicated with the water outlet pipelines through communicating holes. The water outlet hole is communicated with the water catchment channel, and a second water outlet one-way valve is arranged on the water outlet hole; the pump head is further provided with a water return channel and a pressure regulating valve hole, the water return channel, the pressure regulating valve hole and the water catchment channel are communicated, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged in the pressure regulating valve hole. The water outlet hole and the pressure regulating valve hole are obliquely formed in the pump head, and the outer ends of the second water outlet one-way valve and the pressure regulating valve extend out of the pump head and are located on the two sides of the water inlet hole; the four plunger holes are distributed in a matrix mode to replace a traditional linear side-by-side layout to share the same water catchment channel and the same water return channel, and space and materials are saved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid pumps, in particular to a plunger pump. Background technology:

[0002] The plunger pump is an important device in the hydraulic system. It relies on the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder to change the volume of the sealed working chamber to achieve liquid suction and pressure.

[0003] Existing plunger pumps typically consist of a pump body, pump head, and plunger, with the pump head internally provided with linear, parallel-arranged plunger holes. However, in current designs, the outlet holes and pressure regulating valve are arranged perpendicular to the plunger holes. This orthogonal arrangement results in a bulky pump head and an overall large volume. Summary of the invention:

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a plunger pump with a smaller volume at the same displacement.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] A plunger pump comprises a pump body, a pump head and a plunger, the pump head having a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole, four plunger holes distributed in a matrix in the pump head, the plunger is driven to reciprocate in the plunger hole by a driving mechanism, a water inlet check valve is provided in the four plunger holes, a water outlet pipe connected to the corresponding plunger hole is provided on the pump head beside each plunger hole, a first water outlet check valve is provided in the water outlet pipe, a water collection channel is also provided in the pump head, the water collection channel is connected to each water outlet pipe through a connecting hole, the first water outlet check valve controls the plunger The hole and the water collection channel are connected, the water outlet hole is connected to the water collection channel, and a second water outlet one-way valve is arranged on the water outlet hole; a return water channel and a pressure regulating valve hole are also provided on the pump head, the return water channel, the pressure regulating valve hole and the water collection channel are connected, and a pressure regulating valve is provided in the pressure regulating valve hole, and the pressure regulating valve controls the connection and disconnection of the return water channel and the water collection channel; the water outlet hole and the pressure regulating valve hole are obliquely arranged on the pump head, and the water outlet hole and the pressure regulating valve hole are distributed in an eight-shaped shape, and the outer ends of the second water outlet one-way valve and the pressure regulating valve extend out of the pump head and are located on both sides of the water inlet hole.

[0007] In the above plunger pump, the water outlet pipe and the axis of the plunger hole are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] In the above plunger pump, the water collection channel is located in the center of the matrix.

[0009] In the above plunger pump, the water inlet hole is located on the pump cover, the pump cover is arranged on the pump head, the pump cover and the pump head form a water inlet cavity, and the plunger hole is connected to the water inlet cavity.

[0010] In the above plunger pump, the water outlet hole and the pressure regulating valve hole are connected through an unloading drive channel.

[0011] In the above-mentioned plunger pump, the plunger is a stepped shaft, including a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A bushing is mounted on the small diameter end, and the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing is slidably connected to the plunger hole. A seal is provided between the bushing and the plunger hole, and the diameter of the bushing is larger than the diameter of the large diameter end.

[0012] In the above plunger pump, a step surface is formed between the large diameter end and the small diameter end, and a locking nut is provided on the portion of the small diameter end extending out of the bushing to limit the bushing between the step surface and the locking nut.

[0013] In the above plunger pump, the pump body is provided with an oil filling port and an oil discharge port, and the oil filling port and the oil discharge port are respectively provided with an oil filling plug and an oil discharge screw plug.

[0014] In the above plunger pump, an exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity of the pump body is provided on the pump body between the oil filling port and the oil discharge port, and an exhaust plug is provided on the exhaust port.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0016] 1. This invention utilizes a matrix layout of four plunger holes, replacing the traditional linear, side-by-side layout. These four holes share the same water collection and return channels, saving space and materials. The outlet holes and pressure regulating valve holes are arranged diagonally, utilizing the internal space of the pump head for cross-flow. Compared to vertical split designs, this reduces the pump head thickness, volume, and material usage.

[0017] 2. The outlet pipe of this invention is perpendicular to the axis of the plunger hole, fully utilizing the internal space of the pump head and further reducing its size. Furthermore, the outlet pipe is directly connected to the plunger hole at right angles, allowing the water flow direction to quickly change from axial (the direction of the plunger movement) to radial (the direction of the outlet pipe), reducing the turbulence and pressure loss associated with traditional elbows or long transition channels.

[0018] 3. The present invention has a bushing on the plunger. The larger the diameter of the bushing, the larger the volume of the negative pressure area formed in the plunger hole during the plunger return stroke (water absorption stage), the faster the water absorption speed, and the increased pump displacement. Description of the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Pump body; 2. Pump head; 3. Plunger; 4. Water inlet hole; 5. Water outlet hole; 6. Plunger hole; 7. Swash plate; 8. Water inlet check valve; 9. Water outlet pipe; 10. Plug; 11. First water outlet check valve; 12. Water collecting channel; 13. Connecting hole; 14. Second water outlet check valve; 15. Return water channel; 16. Pressure regulating valve hole; 17. Pressure regulating valve; 18. Pump cover; 19. Water inlet chamber; 20. Unloading drive channel; 21. Bushing; 22. Locking nut; 23. Exhaust plug; 24. Oil drain plug; 25. Oil filling plug. Specific implementation method:

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 —4:

[0025] The present invention provides a plunger pump, which includes a pump body 1, a pump head 2 and a plunger 3. The pump head 2 has a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 5. The water inlet 4 is usually connected to a water source through a pipeline, such as a water tank, a tap water pipe, etc., and the water outlet 4 is connected to a spray gun, a spray system, etc. through a high-pressure pipe. The pump head 2 of the present invention has four plunger holes 6 distributed in a matrix. One end of the plunger 3 is located in the pump body 1 and is driven to reciprocate in the plunger hole 6 by a driving mechanism such as a swash plate 7. A water inlet check valve 8 is provided in the four plunger holes 6. A water outlet pipe 9 connected to the corresponding plunger hole 6 is provided on the pump head 2 next to each plunger hole 6. A plug 10 is provided at the outer end of the water outlet pipe 9. A first water outlet check valve 11 is provided in the water outlet pipe 9. A water collection channel 12 is also provided in the pump head 2. The water collection channel 12 is a high-pressure water channel. The water collection channel 12 is connected to each water outlet pipe 9 through a connecting hole 13. In this embodiment, the connecting hole 13 is an inclined hole. The first water outlet check valve 11 controls the connection and disconnection between the plunger hole 6 and the water collection channel 12. The water outlet hole 5 is connected to the water collection channel 12. A second water outlet check valve 14 is provided on the water outlet hole 5. The pump head 2 is further provided with a return water channel 15 and a pressure regulating valve hole 16. The return water channel 15, the pressure regulating valve hole 16, and the water collection channel 12 are connected. A pressure regulating valve 17 is provided in the pressure regulating valve hole 16 to control the connection and disconnection between the return water channel 15 and the water collection channel 12. The water outlet hole 5 and the pressure regulating valve hole 16 of the present invention are arranged obliquely on the pump head 2 and are arranged in an eight-shaped pattern. The outer ends of the second water outlet check valve 14 and the pressure regulating valve 17 extend outside the pump head 2 and are located on both sides of the water inlet hole 4.

[0026] The present invention utilizes a matrix layout of four plunger holes 6, replacing the traditional linear, side-by-side layout. These holes share the same water collection and return channels, saving space and materials. The outlet holes and pressure regulating valve holes are arranged diagonally, utilizing the internal space of the pump head 2 for cross-flow. Compared to a vertically split design, this reduces the thickness of the pump head 2, minimizing its volume and material usage.

[0027] Furthermore, the present invention's internal water inlet check valve 8 further reduces the space occupied by external connecting components and simplifies the structure and volume of the pump head 2. Furthermore, each plunger hole 6 is connected to the water collection channel 12 via an independent water outlet pipeline 9 (including the first water outlet check valve 11), achieving orderly collection of high-pressure water, reducing water flow pulsation and improving output pressure stability. The first and second water outlet check valves 11 and 14 form a two-stage seal, preventing high-pressure water backflow, ensuring unidirectional flow, improving energy utilization, and reducing pressure fluctuations.

[0028] The present invention can adjust the outlet water pressure through the pressure regulating valve 17. When the pressure in the pump head 2 is greater than the threshold pressure, the valve core of the pressure regulating valve 17 can be opened appropriately to allow the water above the threshold to overflow into the return channel 15 for discharge.

[0029] In this embodiment, the outlet pipe 9 and the axis of the plunger hole 6 are perpendicular to each other, fully utilizing the internal space of the pump head 2 and further reducing the size of the pump head 2. Furthermore, the outlet pipe 9 is directly connected to the plunger hole 6 at right angles, allowing the water flow direction to quickly change from axial (the direction of plunger 3 movement) to radial (the direction of the outlet pipe 9), reducing the turbulence and pressure loss caused by traditional elbows or long transition channels.

[0030] The water collection channel of the present invention is located in the center of the matrix. Compared to external manifolds, the internal central water collection channel saves space, reduces the volume of the pump head, and lowers material costs. Furthermore, the outlet pipes of each plunger can be made similar in length, reducing pressure loss along the way and improving volumetric efficiency.

[0031] It should be noted that the water inlet hole 4 is located on the pump cover 18 , and the pump cover 18 is provided on the pump head 2 . The pump cover 18 and the pump head 2 form a water inlet cavity 19 , and the plunger hole 6 is connected to the water inlet cavity 19 .

[0032] The water outlet 5 and the pressure regulating valve hole 17 of the present invention are connected through the unloading drive channel 20. When the gun is closed, high-pressure water is maintained outside. The high-pressure water passes through the second water outlet check valve 14 and the unloading drive channel 20 to push the pressure regulating valve 17 to fully open, achieving a water-free return path outside the pump without blocking the pump, thus achieving the unloading function.

[0033] The plunger 3 of the present invention is a stepped shaft, comprising a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. A bushing 21 is mounted on the small-diameter end. The outer cylindrical surface of the bushing 21 is slidably connected to the plunger hole 6. A seal is provided between the bushing 21 and the plunger hole 6. The diameter of the bushing 21 is larger than that of the large-diameter end. The larger the diameter of the bushing 21, the greater the volume of the negative pressure zone formed within the plunger hole 6 during the return stroke of the plunger 3 (the water absorption phase), and the faster the water absorption rate. The bushing 21 can be ceramic or metal.

[0034] It should be noted that a step surface is formed between the large diameter end and the small diameter end of the present invention, and a locking nut 22 is provided on the part of the small diameter end extending out of the bushing 19 to limit the bushing 19 between the step surface and the locking nut 20, thereby preventing the bushing 19 from axial movement due to vibration or pressure fluctuation during operation, thereby improving stability.

[0035] The plunger structure of the present invention allows the bushing 19 to be replaced when only the pump head 2 is disassembled without disassembling the pump body 1, thereby facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0036] The present invention further provides an oil filling port and an oil drain port on the pump body 1 , and a filler plug 25 and an oil drain screw plug 24 are provided at the filler port and the oil drain port respectively.

[0037] In order to effectively remove the air in the pump and prevent cavitation, an exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity of the pump body 1 is provided on the pump body 1 between the oil filling port and the oil discharge port, and an exhaust plug 23 is provided on the exhaust port.

[0038] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plunger pump comprising a pump body (1), a pump head (2) and a plunger (3), wherein the pump head (2) has a water inlet (4) and a water outlet (5), and is characterized in that: Four plunger holes (6) are arranged in a matrix in the pump head (2). The plunger (3) is driven by a driving mechanism to reciprocate in the plunger hole (6). A water inlet check valve (8) is provided in the four plunger holes (6). A water outlet pipeline (9) communicating with the corresponding plunger hole (6) is provided on the pump head (2) beside each plunger hole (6). A first water outlet check valve (11) is provided in the water outlet pipeline (9). A water collection channel (12) is also provided in the pump head (2). The water collection channel (12) is communicated with each water outlet pipeline (9) through a connecting hole (13). The first water outlet check valve (11) controls the opening and closing of the plunger hole (6) and the water collection channel (12). The water outlet hole (5) and the water collection channel (12) are connected. ) are connected, and a second water outlet one-way valve (14) is provided on the water outlet hole (5); a return water channel (15) and a pressure regulating valve hole (16) are also provided on the pump head (2); the return water channel (15), the pressure regulating valve hole (16) and the water collection channel (12) are connected, and a pressure regulating valve (17) is provided in the pressure regulating valve hole (16), and the pressure regulating valve (17) controls the opening and closing of the return water channel (15) and the water collection channel (12); the water outlet hole (5) and the pressure regulating valve hole (16) are obliquely provided on the pump head (2), and the water outlet hole (5) and the pressure regulating valve hole (16) are distributed in an eight-shaped pattern, and the outer ends of the second water outlet one-way valve (14) and the pressure regulating valve (17) extend outside the pump head (2) and are located on both sides of the water inlet hole (4).

2. A plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet pipe (9) and the axis of the plunger hole (6) are perpendicular to each other.

3. A plunger pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The water collection channel (12) is located in the center of the matrix.

4. A plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet hole (4) is located on the pump cover (18), the pump cover (18) is covered on the pump head (2), the pump cover (18) and the pump head (2) form a water inlet cavity (19), and the plunger hole (6) is communicated with the water inlet cavity (19).

5. The plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet hole (5) is communicated with the pressure regulating valve hole (16) via an unloading drive channel (20).

6. The plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (3) is a stepped shaft comprising a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A bushing (21) is sleeved on the small diameter end. The outer cylindrical surface of the bushing (21) is slidably connected to the plunger hole (6). A sealing member is provided between the bushing (21) and the plunger hole (6). The diameter of the bushing (21) is larger than the diameter of the large diameter end.

7. A plunger pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: A step surface is formed between the large diameter end and the small diameter end, and a locking nut (22) is provided on the portion of the small diameter end extending beyond the bushing (21) to limit the bushing (21) between the step surface and the locking nut (22).

8. The plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump body (1) is provided with an oil filling port and an oil discharge port, and the oil filling port and the oil discharge port are respectively provided with an oil filling plug (25) and an oil discharge screw plug (24).

9. The plunger pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: An exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity of the pump body (1) is provided on the pump body (1) between the oil filling port and the oil discharge port, and an exhaust plug (23) is provided on the exhaust port.

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