Electromagnetic force variable-gap magnetorheological damper

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic force variable-gap magneto-rheological damper. The electromagnetic force variable-gap magneto-rheological damper comprises a rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is mounted in a cylinder barrel in a penetrating manner through a bearing; the rotating disc is fixed on the rotating shaft; the floating disc is installed on the rotating shaft through an end face bearing, and a reset spring is arranged between the end face bearing and the rotating disc, so that a width-adjustable working gap is formed between the floating disc and the rotating disc. The magnet exciting coil assembly is installed in the cylinder barrel, fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder barrel and wound around the floating disc and the rotating disc. When the current of the excitation coil assembly is reduced, the floating disc is far away from the rotating disc, the working clearance is gradually increased, and the damping force is reduced; when the current of the magnet exciting coil assembly is increased, the floating disc is close to the rotating disc, the working gap is gradually reduced, and the damping force is increased. Based on the magnetic effect principle of an electrified coil, real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width is achieved. The zero-field damping force is smaller, the maximum damping force is larger, and the adjustable range is larger, so that the device can adapt to more complex application scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of magnetorheological dampers, and in particular to an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper. Background Art

[0002] In existing technology, magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is a magnetically sensitive intelligent material that exhibits a magnetorheological effect. This effect allows the fluid to transition from a liquid to a solid-like state within milliseconds under the influence of an external magnetic field. MR dampers are semi-active intelligent devices designed based on this effect. By controlling the current in the excitation coil to change the viscosity of the MRF, the damper's output force can be adjusted continuously.

[0003] Research on MR dampers focuses on expanding their adjustable range, increasing their maximum output, reducing their response time, and developing more accurate MR damper models. A wide adjustable range and maximum output make MR dampers suitable for a wider range of applications.

[0004] Currently, the most common method for expanding the adjustable range of magnetorheological dampers is to increase the length of the effective working channel. However, this approach does not significantly increase the adjustable range and has certain drawbacks. Increasing the effective working channel usually leads to a further increase in the overall dimensions of the magnetorheological damper.

[0005] A common method to increase the maximum output of a magnetorheological damper is to reduce the width of the effective working flow channel. However, due to the influence of the throttling damping force, a smaller flow channel width will cause a sharp increase in the zero-field damping force, thereby reducing the adjustable range of the magnetorheological damper.

[0006] The application of magnetorheological dampers (MRDs) often faces strict restrictions on their dimensions, adjustable range, maximum output, and minimum output. Improving the adjustable range and maximum output of MRDs while ensuring a sufficiently low minimum force and maintaining the same dimensions is a pressing issue.

[0007] In view of this, the inventors of the present application have designed an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper in order to overcome the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that it is impossible to increase the adjustable range and maximum output of the magnetorheological damper while ensuring that the minimum force is small enough and the external dimensions remain unchanged, and to provide an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper.

[0009] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper, which is characterized in that the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper comprises: A cylinder and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is installed in the cylinder through a bearing; a rotating disk, fixed on the rotating shaft and located in the cylinder; at least one floating plate, the floating plate being mounted on the rotating shaft via an end bearing, a return spring being provided between the end bearing and the rotating plate, so that an adjustable working gap is provided between the floating plate and the rotating plate; an excitation coil assembly installed in the cylinder, fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and surrounding the floating plate and the rotating plate; When the current of the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk moves away from the rotating disk, so that the working gap gradually increases and the damping force decreases; when the current of the excitation coil assembly increases, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, the floating disk approaches the rotating disk, so that the working gap gradually decreases and the damping force increases.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring, a magnetic conductive ring and an excitation coil. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder. The outer side surface of the magnetic conductive ring cooperates with the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the inner side surface cooperates with the magnetic isolation ring. The excitation coil is installed between the magnetic isolation ring and the magnetic conductive ring.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic isolation ring includes a magnetic ring body and a plurality of first bosses, the first bosses are installed at intervals on the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body, and the first bosses are clamped in the grooves of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second bosses distributed at intervals are provided on the inner side surface of the magnetic conductive ring, and the side surfaces of the second bosses match the side surfaces of the first bosses.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first boss and the second boss are fan-shaped bosses, and the groove is a fan-shaped groove.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper includes two floating disks, and the floating disks are located on the upper and lower sides of the rotating disk.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, end covers are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and magnetorheological fluid injection holes are opened on the end covers.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a third boss is provided on the outer wall of the floating plate, and a side surface of the third boss is clearance-fitted with a side surface of the first boss on the magnetic isolation ring, so that the floating plate can float up and down along the axial direction.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a flow hole is provided on the floating disk for circulating the magnetorheological fluid.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder, the magnetic conductive ring, the floating disk and the rotating disk are all made of magnetic conductive materials, and the end cover, the magnetic isolation ring and the rotating shaft are all made of non-magnetic conductive materials.

[0019] The positive progress effect of the present invention is: The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Based on the magnetic effect principle of the charged coil, real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width is achieved.

[0020] 2. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper is used to generate the magnetorheological effect and the electromagnetic attraction force, and the excitation magnetic field is provided by the same coil, without the need for an additional coil, and the structure is compact.

[0021] 3. Compared with traditional magnetorheological dampers, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has a smaller zero-field damping force, a larger maximum damping force, and a larger adjustable range, so it can adapt to more complex application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which like reference numerals represent like features throughout, wherein: Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the end cover of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view of the end cover of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6This is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating disk in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the floating disk in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the magnetic isolation ring in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the magnetic conductive ring in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic force variable gap principle of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to represent the same or similar parts.

[0034] Furthermore, although the terms used in the present invention are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the present specification may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description herein.

[0035] Furthermore, it is required that the present invention be understood not only by the actual terms used but also by the meanings lying behind each term.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides an electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper, comprising: a cylinder 10, a rotating shaft 20, a rotating disk 30, at least one floating disk 40, and an excitation coil assembly. The rotating shaft 20 is mounted through the cylinder 10 via a bearing 21. Bearing 21 can preferably be a ball bearing, which positions and secures the rotating shaft 20. The rotating disk 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft 20 and positioned within the cylinder 10. The rotating shaft 20 and rotating disk 30 are keyed and interference fit.

[0037] The floating plate 40 is mounted on the rotating shaft 20 via an end bearing 50. A return spring 51 is installed between the end bearing 50 and the rotating plate 30, ensuring an adjustable working clearance A between the floating plate 40 and the rotating plate 30. Preferably, the return spring 51 is a rectangular return spring installed between the end bearing 50 and the shoulder of the rotating shaft 20, with a certain amount of pre-compression. The end bearing 50 is provided to prevent wear on the return spring 51 when the rotating shaft 20 drives the rotating plate 30.

[0038] For example, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper includes two floating plates 40, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotating plate 30. A working gap A with adjustable width is defined between each floating plate 40 and the rotating plate 30.

[0039] The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 10 are respectively provided with end covers 11, and the end covers 11 are provided with magnetorheological fluid injection holes 12 (such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4 (as shown), and sealed with a plug 13. A ball bearing (i.e., bearing 21) is housed within the end cap 11 and secured by a bearing end cap 22 (e.g., secured with fastening bolts 23). An O-ring 24 seals the shaft 20 and end cap 11. The end cap 11 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 10 and the bearing end cap 22, for example, with screws.

[0040] The excitation coil assembly is installed in the cylinder 10 , fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 10 , and surrounds the floating plate 40 and the rotating plate 30 .

[0041] Preferably, the excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring 60, a magnetic conductive ring 70 and an excitation coil 80. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring 60 are fixedly connected to the end caps 11 of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 10. The outer side of the magnetic conductive ring 70 matches the inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the inner side matches the magnetic isolation ring 60. The excitation coil 80 is installed between the magnetic isolation ring 60 and the magnetic conductive ring 70. Figure 2 As shown, the excitation coil 80 is wound in a rectangular groove formed by the magnetic isolation ring 60 and the magnetic conductive ring 70.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the magnetic isolation ring 60 includes a magnetic ring body 61 and a plurality of first bosses 62 . The first bosses 62 are installed at intervals on the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body 61 , and the first bosses 62 are stuck in the groove 111 of the end cover 11 .

[0043] The outer cylindrical surface of the magnetic ring 70 cooperates with the inner wall of the cylinder 10. The inner side of the magnetic ring 70 is provided with a plurality of spaced second bosses 71. Preferably, the first boss 62 and the second boss 71 are fan-shaped bosses, and the groove 111 is a fan-shaped groove.

[0044] For example, in this embodiment, eight fan-shaped first bosses 62 are provided on the upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring 60, which are clamped in the fan-shaped grooves of the end covers 11 on both sides and are positioned and fixed by the end covers 11 on both sides. Two fan-shaped second bosses 71 (such as Figure 9 Here, the side surface of the second boss 71 cooperates with the side surface of the first boss 62 of the magnetic isolation ring 60 and is fixed by the end cover 11.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the outer wall of the floating plate 40 is provided with a sector-shaped third boss 41. The side surfaces of the third boss 41 are clearance-fitted with the side surfaces of the sector-shaped first boss 62 on the magnetic isolation ring 60, enabling the floating plate 40 to float up and down in the axial direction. A flow hole 42 is defined in the floating plate 40 to facilitate the entry of the magnetorheological fluid into the effective working gap A.

[0046] As described above, the electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper of this embodiment is a rotary electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper. When the rotating disk 30 is driven by the rotating shaft 20 under an external force, relative shear motion occurs between the rotating disk 30 and the floating disk 40. Under the action of the excitation magnetic field, this shear motion generates an adjustable damping force. The stronger the excitation magnetic field and the smaller the working gap A, the greater the adjustable damping force.

[0047] like Figure 10 As shown, the operating principle of the electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper of this embodiment is as follows: When the current in the excitation coil 80 decreases, the elastic force of the return spring 51 causes the floating disc 40 to separate axially and outward (i.e., away from the rotating disc 30). At this point, the effective working flow path (i.e., working gap A) is at its widest, and the damping force is minimized (zero-field damping force). When the current in the excitation coil 80 increases, the electromagnetic attraction overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 51, causing the floating disc 40 to move axially inward (i.e., toward the rotating disc 30). The width of the effective working flow path (i.e., working gap A) gradually decreases, and the adjustable damping force gradually increases.

[0048] When the current in the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk 40 moves away from the rotating disk 30, causing the working gap to gradually increase and the damping force to decrease. When the current in the excitation coil assembly increases, the electromagnetic attraction forces the floating disk 40 toward the rotating disk 30, causing the working gap to gradually decrease and the damping force to increase.

[0049] In this embodiment, the cylinder 10, magnetic ring 70, floating plate 40, and rotating plate 30 are all constructed of magnetically conductive materials. The end cap 11, magnetic isolation ring 60, and rotating shaft 20 are all constructed of non-magnetic materials. When the current in the excitation coil 80 increases, it provides the excitation magnetic field required to generate the magnetorheological effect and electromagnetic attraction. This excitation magnetic field passes through the magnetic ring 70, cylinder 10, floating plate 40, the effective working channel (i.e., working gap A), and rotating plate 30, forming a closed loop and perpendicularly passing through the effective working channel (i.e., working gap A).

[0050] Thus, the electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper of the present application exhibits a low zero-field damping force, a higher maximum force, and a wider adjustable range. Specifically, the reason for this is that the rotating disk 30, driven by the rotating shaft 20, rotates, generating relative shear motion with the floating disk 40, generating a damping force. When the current in the excitation coil 80 decreases, the effective working channel (i.e., working gap A) becomes wider, and the damping force required to overcome the relative shear motion is smaller, resulting in a low zero-field damping force. When the current in the excitation coil 80 increases, the magnetorheological fluid in the effective working channel (i.e., working gap A) produces a magnetorheological effect, causing the magnetic particles to form a chain-like structure between the rotating disk 30 and the floating disk 40. Shear motion requires overcoming this chain-like structure, thereby generating an adjustable damping force. As the current increases, the magnetorheological effect intensifies, and the force required to overcome the chain-like structure for shear motion increases, resulting in a greater adjustable damping force. At the same current, the smaller the width of the effective working channel (i.e., working gap A), the greater the force required to overcome the chain structure and perform shear motion. The combined effect of these two factors enables the rotating electromagnetic variable-gap magnetorheological damper to generate greater damping force.

[0051] In summary, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention can increase the adjustable range and maximum output of the magnetorheological damper while ensuring that the minimum force is sufficiently small and the external dimensions remain unchanged. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has the following advantages: 1. Based on the magnetic effect principle of the charged coil, real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width is achieved.

[0052] 2. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper is used to generate the magnetorheological effect and the electromagnetic attraction force, and the excitation magnetic field is provided by the same coil, without the need for an additional coil, and the structure is compact.

[0053] 3. Compared with traditional magnetorheological dampers, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has a smaller zero-field damping force, a larger maximum damping force, and a larger adjustable range, so it can adapt to more complex application scenarios.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, the above invention disclosure is intended only as an example and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and amendments to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and amendments are suggested in this application and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0055] At the same time, this application uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different locations in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application may be appropriately combined.

[0056] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description disclosed in this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, drawing or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject matter of this application requires more features than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiment are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above. In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the number of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified in some examples using the modifiers "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially".

[0057] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper, characterized in that: The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper comprises: A cylinder and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is installed in the cylinder through a bearing; a rotating disk, fixed on the rotating shaft and located in the cylinder; at least one floating plate, the floating plate being mounted on the rotating shaft via an end bearing, a return spring being provided between the end bearing and the rotating plate, so that a working gap of adjustable width is provided between the floating plate and the rotating plate; an excitation coil assembly installed in the cylinder, fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and surrounding the floating plate and the rotating plate; When the current of the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk moves away from the rotating disk, so that the working gap gradually increases and the damping force decreases; when the current of the excitation coil assembly increases, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, the floating disk approaches the rotating disk, so that the working gap gradually decreases and the damping force increases.

2. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring, a magnetic conductive ring and an excitation coil. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder. The outer side surface of the magnetic conductive ring cooperates with the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the inner side surface cooperates with the magnetic isolation ring. The excitation coil is installed between the magnetic isolation ring and the magnetic conductive ring.

3. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic isolation ring includes a magnetic ring body and a plurality of first bosses. The first bosses are installed at intervals on the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body, and the first bosses are clamped in the grooves of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

4. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the magnetic conductive ring is provided with a plurality of second bosses distributed at intervals, and the side surfaces of the second bosses match the side surfaces of the first bosses.

5. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first boss and the second boss are fan-shaped bosses, and the groove is a fan-shaped groove.

6. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper comprises two floating disks, which are located on the upper and lower sides of the rotating disk.

7. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with end covers, and the end covers are provided with magnetorheological fluid injection holes.

8. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third boss is provided on the outer wall of the floating plate, and a side surface of the third boss is clearance-fitted with a side surface of the first boss on the magnetic isolation ring, so that the floating plate can float up and down along the axial direction.

9. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 8, characterized in that: The floating disk is provided with a flow hole for circulating the magnetorheological fluid.

10. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder, the magnetic conductive ring, the floating disk and the rotating disk are all made of magnetic conductive materials, and the end cover, the magnetic isolation ring and the rotating shaft are all made of non-magnetic conductive materials.

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