An automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings, a reducer, and an oil pump.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil pumping unit technology, and discloses an automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings, a reducer, and an oil pumping unit. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings includes a first bearing housing mounted on a housing; a sludge discharge oil trough disposed on the housing and detachably connected to an oil receiving bottle; a lubricating oil trough disposed on the housing and communicating with the first bearing housing; a first oil receiving tray connected to the housing and communicating with both the sludge discharge oil trough and the lubricating oil trough; a portion of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray, carrying sludge, flows through the sludge discharge oil trough to the oil receiving bottle, and a portion of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray flows through the lubricating oil trough to the first bearing housing; and an oil supply mechanism for adding lubricating oil to the first oil receiving tray. The reducer includes the automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings. The oil pumping unit includes a reducer. This invention, through the above solution, solves the technical problems in related technologies where it is difficult to observe the accumulation of sludge in reducers and where sludge cannot be discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil pumping unit technology, and more particularly to an automatic lubrication system for a reducer bearing, a reducer, and an oil pumping unit. Background Technology

[0002] Pumping units are key pieces of equipment used in oil extraction to extract crude oil from oil wells, and are commonly found in onshore oil fields and offshore platforms. Their core function is to transmit surface power to the downhole pump, overcome reservoir pressure, and lift the crude oil to the surface.

[0003] The reducer is one of the core components of the pumping unit. It is used to transmit the power of the motor to the crank that drives the pumping unit, so that the crank rotates and the walking beam of the pumping unit swings back and forth during the rotation.

[0004] Lubricating oil can develop sludge due to high-temperature oxidation and contamination, and sludge buildup can lead to lubrication failure. Currently, it is difficult to observe the sludge buildup inside a gearbox, relying on experience and regular manual inspections, and the sludge cannot be removed while the gearbox is in operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application discloses an automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings, a reducer, and an oil pump to solve the technical problems in the related art of difficulty in observing the accumulation of sludge in reducers and the inability to remove sludge.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application discloses an automatic lubrication system for a reducer bearing, comprising: a first bearing housing, mounted on the housing;

[0008] The sludge discharge oil trough is installed on the machine casing and is detachably connected to an oil receiving bottle;

[0009] A lubricating oil groove is provided in the machine housing and is connected to the first bearing housing;

[0010] The first oil receiving tray is connected to the machine housing and is connected to the sludge discharge oil trough and the lubricating oil trough respectively; part of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray carries the sludge and flows to the oil receiving bottle through the sludge discharge oil trough, and part of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray flows to the first bearing seat through the lubricating oil trough.

[0011] The oil supply mechanism is used to add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving pan.

[0012] In some designs, the end of the sludge discharge tank furthest from the first oil receiving plate is connected to the oil receiving bottle via a four-way valve; the other two ports of the four-way valve are connected to the oil source and the inside of the machine casing, respectively.

[0013] In some designs, the inner wall of the housing is provided with an oil filling groove that extends circumferentially along the housing and the end of the oil filling groove is connected to the inside of the housing through an oil filling hole; the inner wall of the housing is also provided with a through groove corresponding to the oil filling groove, which allows the area of ​​the oil filling groove near the top to be connected to the inside of the housing.

[0014] And / or, the housing is provided with an overflow port, and the interior of the housing and the area near the top of the sludge discharge tank are connected through the overflow port;

[0015] The first oil receiving pan has a first overflow pipe, which is connected to the lubricating oil tank through a first ramp, and the inlet of the first overflow pipe is higher than the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan.

[0016] And / or, the first oil receiving pan has a second overflow pipe, which is connected to the sludge discharge trough via a second ramp, and the inlet of the second overflow pipe is located near the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan.

[0017] In some designs, the automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearings also includes a second bearing housing, which is mounted on the housing and connected to the lubricating oil sump.

[0018] A first chamber is formed between the first bearing and the first bearing housing, and the first chamber is connected to the lubricating oil groove; and / or, a second chamber is formed between the second bearing and the second bearing housing, and the second chamber is connected to the lubricating oil groove.

[0019] In some designs, the oil supply mechanism includes a low-speed shaft system, an intermediate shaft system, and multiple oil scoops;

[0020] The low-speed shaft system is mounted on the first bearing, and the intermediate shaft system is mounted on the second bearing; multiple oil scooping buckets are arranged circumferentially on the low-speed shaft system, and / or, the oil scooping buckets are arranged circumferentially on the intermediate shaft system; as the low-speed shaft system and / or the intermediate shaft system rotate, the multiple oil scooping buckets add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving tray.

[0021] In some designs, the low-speed shaft system is connected to the first bearing housing via a first labyrinth seal structure, forming a third chamber with the first bearing housing; the third chamber is connected to the housing, so that some of the lubricating oil passing through the first labyrinth seal structure flows back to the housing;

[0022] And / or, the automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearings also includes a third bearing housing and a second oil receiving tray. The third bearing housing is connected to a high-speed shaft system via a third bearing. The second oil receiving tray is located inside the housing corresponding to the high-speed shaft system. The second oil receiving tray is used to collect lubricating oil dripping from the high-speed shaft system and lubricating oil thrown out from the low-speed shaft system and / or intermediate shaft system. Lubricating oil overflowing from the second oil receiving tray flows to the third bearing housing to lubricate the third bearing. The third bearing housing is connected to the housing so that the lubricating oil can flow back to the housing.

[0023] In some designs, the end of the oil groove extends into the area corresponding to the high-speed shaft system;

[0024] And / or, a fourth chamber is formed between the third bearing and the third bearing housing, and the fourth chamber is connected to the second oil receiving pan;

[0025] And / or, the high-speed shaft system is connected to the third bearing housing through the second labyrinth seal structure, and forms a fifth chamber with the third bearing housing; the fifth chamber is connected to the housing, so that some of the lubricating oil passing through the second labyrinth seal structure flows back to the housing;

[0026] And / or, the lubricating oil tank includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel communicating with a first chamber, the second flow channel communicating with a second chamber, and the junction of the first flow channel and the second flow channel communicating with the end of a first ramp; the end of the first ramp is connected to the housing by screws, the screws dividing the first ramp so that a portion of the first ramp communicates with the first flow channel, and another portion of the first ramp communicates with the second flow channel.

[0027] In some designs, the lubricating oil groove slopes downward from the junction of the first and second flow channels toward the end of the first flow channel;

[0028] And / or, the lubricating oil groove slopes downward from the junction of the first flow channel and the second flow channel toward the end of the second flow channel;

[0029] And / or, the screw is positioned close to the second flow channel;

[0030] And / or, the lubricating oil trough and / or the sludge discharge oil trough are provided near the inner side of the machine housing;

[0031] And / or, the inner side of the first bearing housing is provided with a first channel communicating with the housing;

[0032] And / or, the inner side of the third bearing housing is provided with a second channel communicating with the housing;

[0033] And / or, the lubricating oil groove and / or the sludge discharge oil groove extend along the boundary direction of the housing;

[0034] And / or, the second oil receiving tray is provided with several grooves for settling sludge.

[0035] Secondly, this application also discloses a speed reducer, including a housing and the automatic lubrication system for the speed reducer bearings described in the first aspect, wherein the automatic lubrication system for the speed reducer bearings is disposed in the housing.

[0036] Thirdly, this application also discloses an oil pumping unit, including the reducer described in the second aspect, the reducer being connected to the oil pumping unit body.

[0037] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings disclosed in this application involves an oil supply mechanism that carries a portion of the lubricating oil and sludge from the machine housing to a first oil receiving tray for temporary storage. The first oil receiving tray then distributes the lubricating oil to a sludge discharge trough and a lubricating oil trough. The lubricating oil flowing through the lubricating oil trough flows to the first bearing to lubricate it; the lubricating oil flowing through the sludge discharge trough carries some sludge into an oil receiving bottle, while the clean lubricating oil flows back into the machine housing. By observing the volume, color, and texture of the sludge in the oil receiving bottle, the condition of the sludge inside the machine housing can be visually assessed without stopping the machine or disassembling the equipment. Regular recording of sludge accumulation allows for quantitative evaluation of the lubricating oil contamination rate. Furthermore, the oil receiving bottle is detachable and replaceable, and replacement or cleaning can be performed without stopping the machine, shortening operation time. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an automatic lubrication system for a reducer bearing disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a top view of an automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the AA plane;

[0046] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0047] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the BB plane;

[0048] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0049] Figure 10 yes Figure 5 A sectional view of the C-plane;

[0050] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view at point F;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a side view of an automatic lubrication system for a reducer bearing disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Enlarged view of point G in the middle;

[0053] Figure 14 This application discloses the isometric view of the housing in some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 15 This application discloses the isometric view of the housing in some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 16 This is an isometric view of the second oil receiving tray disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 17 This is an isometric view of an oil pumping unit disclosed in some embodiments of this application.

[0057] In the picture:

[0058] 100 - Automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings; 110 - Housing; 111 - Lubricating oil tank; 1111 - First flow channel; 1112 - Second flow channel; 112 - Sludge discharge oil tank; 113 - Overflow port; 114 - Adding oil tank; 115 - Through groove; 120 - First bearing housing; 121 - First bearing; 122 - First chamber; 123 - Third chamber; 124 - First labyrinth seal structure; 125 - First channel; 126 - First through hole; 130 - Second bearing housing; 131 - Second bearing; 132 - Second chamber; 140 - Third bearing housing; 141 - ... Third bearing, 142-Fourth chamber, 143-Fifth chamber, 144-Second labyrinth seal structure, 145-Second channel, 146-Second through hole, 150-Oil supply mechanism, 151-First oil receiving tray, 1521-Low speed shaft system, 1522-Intermediate shaft system, 1523-Oil scoop bucket, 153-First ramp, 154-Second ramp, 155-First overflow pipe, 156-Second overflow pipe, 157-Screw, 160-High speed shaft system, 170-Second oil receiving tray, 171-Groove, 180-Four-way valve, 181-Oil receiving bottle, 182-Valve;

[0059] 200-reducer;

[0060] 300-Oil Pumping Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0062] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0063] Lubricating oil can develop sludge due to high-temperature oxidation and contamination, and sludge buildup can lead to lubrication failure. Most speed reducers use a fully enclosed structure, with critical components such as bearings and gears encased in the housing, concealing the lubricating oil circulation path and making it impossible to visually inspect sludge deposits. The internal structure of speed reducers contains complex features such as oil grooves, return holes, and bearing housing recesses, making it easy for sludge to accumulate in low-speed zones or dead corners. Routine inspections are often insufficient to cover these areas, resulting in difficulty in observing sludge buildup within the speed reducer, relying heavily on experience and regular manual inspections.

[0064] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 17 The present application provides a detailed description of an automatic lubrication system 100 for a reducer bearing, a reducer 200, and an oil pump 300 through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0065] Some embodiments of this application disclose an automatic lubrication system 100 for a reducer bearing, including a housing 110, a first bearing housing 120, a second bearing housing 130, a third bearing housing 140, an oil supply mechanism 150, and a high-speed shaft system 160.

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the first bearing housing 120 is mounted on the housing 110, and the lubricating oil groove 111 is disposed on the housing 110 and communicates with the first bearing housing 120. Through the communication between the first bearing housing 120 and the lubricating oil groove 111, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil groove 111 can enter the first bearing housing 120 to lubricate the first bearing 121.

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first oil receiving tray 151 is connected to the housing 110 and communicates with the sludge discharge oil trough 112 and the lubricating oil trough 111. The oil supply mechanism 150 is used to add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving tray 151. The oil supply mechanism 150 carries part of the lubricating oil and part of the sludge in the housing 110 to the first oil receiving tray 151 for temporary storage, and then the first oil receiving tray 151 distributes it to the sludge discharge oil trough 112 and the lubricating oil trough 111.

[0068] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, a sludge discharge tank 112 is installed in the housing 110 and is detachably connected to an oil receiving bottle 181. The first oil receiving tray 151 stores sludge. Some lubricating oil carries the sludge into the sludge discharge tank 112 and eventually into the oil receiving bottle 181. Clean lubricating oil flows back into the housing 110. By observing the volume, color, and texture of the sludge in the oil receiving bottle 181, the sludge condition within the housing 110 can be visually assessed without stopping the machine or disassembling the equipment. Regularly recording the sludge accumulation also allows for a quantitative evaluation of the lubricating oil contamination rate. Furthermore, the oil receiving bottle 181 is detachable and replaceable, eliminating the need to stop the machine during replacement or cleaning, thus shortening operation time.

[0069] Correspondingly, the housing 110 is equipped with a valve 182 for the sludge discharge channel. When it is necessary to replace the oil receiving bottle 181, the valve 182 can be closed.

[0070] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the end of the sludge discharge trough 112 furthest from the first oil receiving tray 151 is connected to the oil receiving bottle 181 via a four-way valve 180; the other two ports of the four-way valve 180 are connected to the oil source and the inside of the machine housing 110, respectively. The four-way valve 180 can switch the oil flow direction, enabling sludge to be discharged directionally to the oil receiving bottle 181 or replenished from the oil source with lubricating oil, without the need for machine shutdown. At the same time, the four-way valve 180 integrates sludge discharge, oil replenishment, and internal circulation functions, simplifying the pipeline layout and reducing the risk of leakage.

[0071] like Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the inner wall of the housing 110 is provided with an oil filling groove 114, which extends circumferentially along the housing 110, and its end is connected to the interior of the housing 110 through an oil filling hole. Corresponding to the oil filling groove 114, the inner wall of the housing 110 is also provided with a through groove 115, which connects the area near the top of the oil filling groove 114 to the interior of the housing 110. Clean lubricating oil discharged from the sludge discharge channel and lubricating oil replenished from the oil source enter the interior of the housing 110 through the oil filling groove 114 and the oil filling hole.

[0072] Since the newly added lubricating oil has a low temperature and high viscosity, it can significantly affect the operating parts. Therefore, by extending the oil addition groove 114 circumferentially along the housing 110, it is beneficial for the high temperature inside the housing 110 to exchange heat with the newly added lubricating oil. The through groove 115 connects the oil addition groove 114 to the interior of the housing 110, further increasing heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, the oil addition groove 114 can receive lubricating oil splashed inside the housing 110, better facilitating heat exchange with the newly added lubricating oil and ensuring that the lubricating oil flowing into the housing 110 maintains a certain temperature.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the housing 110 is provided with an overflow port 113, and the interior of the housing 110 and the area near the top of the sludge discharge oil trough 112 are connected through the overflow port 113. Since the sludge discharge oil trough 112 is connected to an oil receiving bottle 181, the normal flow of lubricating oil cannot be guaranteed if the oil receiving bottle 181 is closed. In order to prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing and causing the sludge to be unable to be collected, an overflow port 113 connected to the sludge discharge oil trough 112 is provided to allow subsequent lubricating oil to overflow, ensuring that the lubricating oil can flow along the sludge discharge oil trough 112 for a certain distance, creating an opportunity for sedimentation, storing some sludge, and allowing the sludge to slowly replace the clean lubricating oil in the bottle. When part of it is replaced, it can be seen from the transparent oil receiving bottle 181, thereby determining whether the lubricating oil should be changed or whether the bearing operation should be paid more attention to.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the first oil receiving pan 151 has a first overflow pipe 155, which is connected to the lubricating oil tank 111 via a first ramp 153, and the inlet of the first overflow pipe 155 is higher than the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan 151. By positioning the inlet of the first overflow pipe 155 higher than the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan 151, sludge in the first oil receiving pan 151 can be prevented from entering the lubricating oil tank 111 through the first overflow pipe 155, thereby ensuring the reliability of lubrication.

[0075] like Figure 2As shown, the first oil receiving tray 151 has a second overflow pipe 156, which is connected to the sludge discharge tank 112 via a second ramp 154. The inlet of the second overflow pipe 156 is located close to the inner bottom of the first oil receiving tray 151. By positioning the inlet of the second overflow pipe 156 close to the inner bottom of the first oil receiving tray 151, the sludge deposited at the bottom of the first oil receiving tray 151 can pass through the second overflow pipe 156 and eventually enter the oil receiving bottle 181, facilitating the observation of the sludge condition within the first oil receiving tray 151.

[0076] In this embodiment, the inlet of the second overflow pipe 156 is located on the side wall of the second overflow pipe 156.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the second bearing housing 130 is installed on the housing 110 and communicates with the lubricating oil groove 111. The second bearing housing 130 is provided with a second bearing 131, which communicates with the lubricating oil groove 111, so that the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil groove 111 can enter the second bearing housing 130 to lubricate the second bearing 131.

[0078] The lubricating oil also lubricates the second bearing 131 located in the second bearing housing 130 through the lubricating oil groove 111, and then flows back into the housing 110. After the lubricating oil flows and covers the lubrication points of the second bearing 131, it naturally falls back into the oil sump to complete the circulation, ensuring continuous and reliable lubrication and that the lubricating oil can be reused.

[0079] like Figure 7 As shown, a first chamber 122 is formed between the first bearing 121 and the first bearing housing 120, and the first chamber 122 is connected to the lubricating oil groove 111. The first chamber 122 serves as an annular oil storage space between the first bearing housing 120 and the first bearing 121, and is directly connected to the lubricating oil groove 111 to form a closed oil passage, allowing the lubricating oil to surround the first bearing 121 360° and continuously penetrate to the friction surface; the lubricated oil flows back to the oil sump through the first bearing 121 and along the inner wall of the first bearing housing 120, which eliminates lubrication dead zones and avoids oil stagnation, significantly improving cooling and lubrication efficiency and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0080] like Figure 9As shown, a second chamber 132 is formed between the second bearings 131 and the second bearing 131, and the second chamber 132 is connected to the lubricating oil groove 111. The second chamber 132 serves as an annular oil storage space between the second bearing housing 130 and the second bearing 131, and is directly connected to the lubricating oil groove 111 to form a closed oil passage, allowing the lubricating oil to surround the second bearing 131 360° and continuously penetrate to the friction surface; the lubricated oil flows back to the oil sump through the second bearing 131 and along the inner wall of the second bearing housing 130, which eliminates lubrication dead zones and avoids oil stagnation, significantly improving cooling and lubrication efficiency and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0081] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the oil supply mechanism 150 includes a low-speed shaft system 1521, an intermediate shaft system 1522, and a plurality of oil scooping buckets 1523. The low-speed shaft system 1521 is mounted on a first bearing 121, and the intermediate shaft system 1522 is mounted on a second bearing 131. The plurality of oil scooping buckets 1523 are arranged circumferentially on the low-speed shaft system 1521, and / or, the oil scooping buckets 1523 are arranged circumferentially on the intermediate shaft system 1522. As the low-speed shaft system 1521 and / or the intermediate shaft system 1522 rotate, the plurality of oil scooping buckets 1523 add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving pan 151. When the low-speed shaft system 1521 and / or the intermediate shaft system 1522 rotate, multiple oil scooping buckets 1523 scoop lubricating oil from the oil sump in the housing 110. As the rotation occurs, the oil is lifted to a high position and then poured into the first oil receiving tray 151 by gravity. From there, the oil flows into the lubricating oil trough 111 via the first ramp 153. No external power is required; the entire process of oil scooping, lifting, and distribution is completed directly using the equipment's operational inertia. The multiple oil scooping buckets 1523 are arranged circumferentially to form a continuous oil supply sequence, ensuring a stable and uniform lubrication flow.

[0082] In some embodiments, a plurality of oil scooping drums 1523 are disposed on a low-speed shaft system 1521.

[0083] In some embodiments, a plurality of oil scooping buckets 1523 are disposed on an intermediate shaft system 1522.

[0084] In some embodiments, a plurality of oil scooping drums 1523 are disposed on a low-speed shaft system 1521 and an intermediate shaft system 1522.

[0085] In this embodiment, a preferred arrangement is to have multiple oil scooping buckets 1523 positioned on the low-speed shaft system 1521. The low-speed shaft system 1521 bears the maximum torque and operates at the lowest speed, easily generating high temperature and pressure, thus requiring a more sufficient amount of lubricating oil. The low-speed shaft system 1521 has a lower linear velocity when immersed in the oil bath, allowing the multiple oil scooping buckets 1523 to more stably carry a sufficient amount of lubricating oil, avoiding oil splashing or loss due to excessive rotation speed in the intermediate shaft system 1522. Secondly, the low-speed shaft system 1521 has the largest diameter, providing more installation space and stronger support for the multiple oil scooping buckets 1523, preventing vibration failure under high-speed rotation; simultaneously, the low-speed shaft system 1521 is located closer to the bottom of the oil bath, resulting in a greater immersion depth, ensuring continuous and effective oil scooping action.

[0086] like Figure 7 As shown, the low-speed shaft system 1521 is connected to the first bearing housing 120 via a first labyrinth seal structure 124, forming a third chamber 123 with the first bearing housing 120. The third chamber 123 communicates with the housing 110, allowing some of the lubricating oil passing through the first labyrinth seal structure 124 to flow back to the housing 110. The first labyrinth seal structure 124 uses spiral grooves to prevent lubricating oil leakage. However, as the low-speed shaft system 1521 rotates, some lubricating oil will accumulate into oil droplets after passing through the first labyrinth seal. The third chamber 123, acting as a sealing buffer, is directly connected to the housing 110, allowing the infiltrated oil to automatically flow back to the oil sump under gravity. This eliminates the risk of oil leakage at the shaft end while ensuring sufficient lubrication of the first bearing 121, maintains dynamic oil balance in the system, significantly improves sealing reliability, and eliminates the need for additional maintenance.

[0087] Specifically, the area of ​​the first bearing housing 120 corresponding to the third chamber 123 and the housing 110 are provided with a through hole 126 so that the third chamber 123 is connected to the housing 110.

[0088] In some embodiments, the reducer 200 is a single-stage reducer 200. In this case, the intermediate shaft system 1522 is the input end of the reducer 200, and the intermediate shaft system 1522 is directly or through a coupling connected to the output shaft of the motor; the low-speed shaft system 1521 is the output end of the reducer 200, and directly drives the working machinery through a coupling, transmission shaft, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the reducer 200 is a two-stage reducer 200, and a high-speed shaft system 160 is also provided inside the reducer 200. In this case, the high-speed shaft system 160 is the input end of the reducer 200, and the high-speed shaft system 160 is directly or through a coupling connected to the output shaft of the motor; the intermediate shaft system 1522 is located between the high-speed shaft system 160 and the low-speed shaft system 1521, and plays the role of transition and power transmission; the low-speed shaft system 1521 is the output end of the reducer 200, and directly drives the working machinery through couplings, drive shafts, etc.

[0090] Correspondingly, the diameter of the low-speed shaft system 1521 is larger than the diameter of the intermediate shaft system 1522, and the size of the intermediate shaft system 1522 is larger than the size of the low-speed shaft system 1521.

[0091] In this embodiment, a two-stage reducer 200 is preferred. Compared to a single-stage reducer 200, the two-stage reducer 200 is better suited for use in the pumping unit 300. It can meet the high output torque and low speed requirements of the pumping unit 300 while achieving a more compact structure, better gear force distribution, and higher overall efficiency. The two-stage reduction shares the total transmission ratio through the high-speed shaft system 160 and the low-speed shaft system 1521, avoiding the problem of using oversized gears to achieve the same speed ratio in a single-stage reduction. This significantly reduces the size and weight of the reducer 200, making it easier to install and maintain at the well site. At the same time, the transition of the intermediate shaft system 1522 allows the small gear of the high-speed shaft system 160 to bear a smaller torque, while the large gear of the low-speed shaft system 1521, although bearing a large torque, has a relatively controllable size. This design optimizes the bending strength and contact stress distribution of the gears, improves the load-bearing capacity and service life, and is more suitable for the long-term, heavy-load, and impact-prone working conditions of the pumping unit 300.

[0092] Therefore, in embodiments based on the two-stage reducer 200, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the third bearing housing 140 is connected to the high-speed shaft system 160 via the third bearing 141. The second oil receiving tray 170 is disposed inside the housing 110 corresponding to the high-speed shaft system 160. The second oil receiving tray 170 is used to receive lubricating oil dripping from the high-speed shaft system 160 and lubricating oil splashed from the low-speed shaft system 1521 and / or the intermediate shaft system 1522. The lubricating oil overflowing from the second oil receiving tray 170 flows to the third bearing housing 140 to lubricate the third bearing 141. By accurately receiving the oil dripping from the high-speed shaft system 160 and the splashed oil droplets splashed from the low-speed shaft system 1521 and / or the intermediate shaft system 1522, the second oil receiving tray 170 transforms the easily lost scattered oil flow in the traditional lubrication system into a controllable oil source. The overflowing lubricating oil is guided by gravity to the third bearing housing 140 and directly wets the friction surface of the third bearing 141.

[0093] This configuration not only eliminates oil wastage and reduces the frequency of oil replenishment, but also utilizes the recovered oil flow to enhance the continuous cooling and lubrication of the third bearing 141, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the third bearing 141.

[0094] like Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the end of the oil adding groove 114 extends to the area corresponding to the high-speed shaft system 160. Through this extension, the newly added lubricating oil flows through the oil adding groove 114 into the housing 110 corresponding to the high-speed shaft system 160, and then into the housing 110 corresponding to the low-speed shaft system 1521. Because the low-speed shaft system 1521 is smaller and experiences less agitation, the preheated oil maintains stratified flow, reducing heat loss and minimizing the risk of bubbles and oxidation caused by agitation. Simultaneously, the new oil absorbs frictional heat and heats up as it flows through the area corresponding to the high-speed bearing within the housing 110, then slowly flows into the area corresponding to the low-speed bearing within the housing 110, preventing increased viscous resistance caused by direct contact between cold oil and the low-temperature shaft system.

[0095] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the third bearing housing 140 is connected to the housing 110 to allow lubricating oil to flow back to the housing 110. Through the connection between the third bearing housing 140 and the housing 110, the lubricating oil flows and covers the lubrication point of the third bearing 141, then naturally falls back to the oil sump to complete the circulation, ensuring continuous and reliable lubrication and that the lubricating oil can be reused.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the lubricating oil tank 111 includes a first flow channel 1111 and a second flow channel 1112. The first flow channel 1111 communicates with the first chamber 122, and the second flow channel 1112 communicates with the second chamber 132. The junction of the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 is connected to the end of the first ramp 153. The first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 merge at the end of the first ramp 153 to form an oil passage, which can independently deliver lubricating oil to the first chamber 122 and the second chamber 132, ensuring that the lubrication of the first bearing 121 and the second bearing 131 does not interfere with each other.

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, the end of the first ramp 153 is connected to the housing 110 by a screw 157. The screw 157 divides the first ramp 153 so that one part of the first ramp 153 is connected to the first flow channel 1111, and the other part of the first ramp 153 is connected to the second flow channel 1112. While fixing the end of the first ramp 153, the screw 157, as a dividing structure, isolates the first ramp 153 into two independent oil passages, which are precisely connected to the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 respectively. This eliminates the risk of crosstalk between the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112, ensuring that the lubricating oil in the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 is delivered to the first chamber 122 and the second chamber 132 in a set ratio. At the same time, the screw 157 achieves the dual functions of structural fixation and oil passage division with a single fastener, greatly improving system reliability and assembly efficiency.

[0098] like Figure 11 As shown, a fourth chamber 142 is formed between the third bearing 141 and the third bearing housing 140, and the fourth chamber 142 is connected to the second oil receiving pan 170. The fourth chamber 142 serves as an annular oil storage space between the third bearing housing 140 and the third bearing 141, and is connected to the second oil receiving pan 170 to form an oil passage, allowing the lubricating oil to surround the third bearing 141 360° and continuously penetrate to the friction surface; the lubricated oil flows back to the oil sump through the third bearing 141 and along the inner wall of the third bearing housing 140, eliminating lubrication dead zones and avoiding oil stagnation, significantly improving cooling and lubrication efficiency and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0099] like Figure 11 As shown, the high-speed shaft 160 is connected to the third bearing housing 140 via a second labyrinth seal structure 144, forming a fifth chamber 143. The fifth chamber 143 communicates with the housing 110, allowing some of the lubricating oil passing through the second labyrinth seal structure 144 to flow back to the housing 110. The second labyrinth seal structure 144 uses spiral grooves to prevent lubricating oil leakage. However, as the high-speed shaft 160 rotates, some lubricating oil will accumulate into droplets after passing through the second labyrinth seal. The fifth chamber 143, acting as a sealing buffer, is directly connected to the housing 110, allowing the infiltrated oil to automatically flow back to the oil sump under gravity. This eliminates the risk of oil leakage at the shaft end while ensuring sufficient lubrication of the third bearing 141, maintains dynamic oil balance in the system, significantly improves sealing reliability, and eliminates the need for additional maintenance.

[0100] Specifically, the area of ​​the third bearing housing 140 corresponding to the fifth chamber 143 and the housing 110 are provided with a through second through hole 146 so that the fifth chamber 143 is connected to the housing 110.

[0101] The lubricating oil groove 111 slopes downward from the junction of the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 toward the end of the first flow channel 1111. The first flow channel 1111 is sloped so that the lubricating oil can flow better into the first chamber 122 under the action of gravity.

[0102] The lubricating oil groove 111 slopes downward from the junction of the first flow channel 1111 and the second flow channel 1112 toward the end of the second flow channel 1112. The inclined arrangement of the second flow channel 1112 allows the lubricating oil to flow better into the second chamber 132 under the action of gravity.

[0103] like Figure 3 As shown, screw 157 is positioned close to the second flow channel 1112. By positioning screw 157 close to the second flow channel 1112, more lubricating oil can be distributed to the first flow channel 1111, thus satisfying the lubrication of the larger low-speed shaft system 1521.

[0104] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the lubricating oil groove 111 and / or the sludge discharge oil groove 112 are arranged near the inner side of the housing 110. By arranging the lubricating oil groove 111 and / or the sludge discharge oil groove 112 near the inner side of the housing 110, the housing 110 has a sufficiently wide space to install components such as gaskets.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the inner side of the first bearing housing 120 is provided with a first channel 125 communicating with the housing 110. By providing the first channel 125 communicating with the housing 110 on the inner side of the first bearing housing 120, sludge cannot accumulate inside the first bearing housing 120.

[0106] like Figure 11 As shown, the inner side of the third bearing housing 140 is provided with a second channel 145 that communicates with the housing 110. By providing a second channel 145 that communicates with the housing 110 on the inner side of the third bearing housing 140, sludge cannot accumulate in the second bearing housing 130.

[0107] like Figure 5 As shown, the lubricating oil groove 111 and / or the sludge removal oil groove 112 extend along the boundary direction of the housing 110. By extending the lubricating oil groove 111 and / or the sludge removal oil groove 112 along the boundary direction of the housing 110, a continuous and wide flow channel is provided for the lubricating oil, ensuring that the lubricating oil can flow smoothly.

[0108] like Figure 12 As shown, the second oil receiving tray 170 is provided with a plurality of grooves 171 for settling sludge. By providing a plurality of grooves 171 in the second oil receiving tray 170, the sludge in the second oil receiving tray 170 can be settling in the grooves 171, preventing the sludge from flowing to the third bearing housing 140 with the lubricating oil.

[0109] Some embodiments of this application also disclose a speed reducer 200, such as Figure 13 As shown, it includes a reducer bearing automatic lubrication system 100 and a housing 110, with the reducer bearing automatic lubrication system 100 disposed in the housing 110.

[0110] In this preferred embodiment, the reducer 200 is applied to the oil pumping unit 300. However, the reducer 200 is not limited to the oil pumping unit 300; it can also be applied to other equipment, such as crushers, gantry cranes, and road rollers.

[0111] Some embodiments of this application also disclose an oil pumping unit 300, such as Figure 17 As shown, it includes a reducer 200 and a pumping unit body. The reducer is connected to the pumping unit body to transmit the driving force of the motor to the pumping unit body, thereby driving the pumping unit body to work.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0113] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings, characterized in that, include: The first bearing housing is mounted on the machine casing; A sludge discharge oil trough is installed in the machine casing and is detachably connected to an oil receiving bottle; A lubricating oil groove is provided in the housing and communicates with the first bearing seat; The first oil receiving tray is connected to the machine housing and communicates with the sludge discharge oil trough and the lubricating oil trough respectively; part of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray carries the sludge and flows through the sludge discharge oil trough to the oil receiving bottle, and part of the lubricating oil in the first oil receiving tray flows through the lubricating oil trough to the first bearing seat. An oil supply mechanism is used to add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving pan; The end of the sludge discharge trough furthest from the first oil receiving plate is connected to the oil receiving bottle via a four-way valve; the other two ports of the four-way valve are connected to the oil source and the inside of the machine casing, respectively. The inner wall of the housing is provided with an oil filling groove, which extends circumferentially along the housing and the end of the oil filling groove is connected to the interior of the housing through an oil filling hole; the inner wall of the housing is also provided with a through groove corresponding to the oil filling groove, which allows the area of ​​the oil filling groove near the top to be connected to the interior of the housing. The casing is provided with an overflow port, and the interior of the casing and the area near the top of the sludge discharge tank are connected through the overflow port; The first oil receiving pan has a first overflow pipe, which is connected to the lubricating oil tank through a first ramp, and the inlet position of the first overflow pipe is higher than the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan. The first oil receiving pan has a second overflow pipe, which is connected to the sludge discharge oil trough via a second ramp, and the inlet of the second overflow pipe is located near the inner bottom of the first oil receiving pan.

2. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearings also includes a second bearing housing, which is installed in the housing and communicates with the lubricating oil groove. A first chamber is formed between the first bearing and the first bearing housing, and the first chamber is connected to the lubricating oil groove; and / or, a second chamber is formed between the second bearing and the second bearing housing, and the second chamber is connected to the lubricating oil groove.

3. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil supply mechanism includes a low-speed shaft system, an intermediate shaft system, and multiple oil scooping tanks; The low-speed shaft system is mounted on the first bearing, and the intermediate shaft system is mounted on the second bearing; a plurality of oil scooping buckets are arranged circumferentially on the low-speed shaft system, and / or the oil scooping buckets are arranged circumferentially on the intermediate shaft system; as the low-speed shaft system and / or the intermediate shaft system rotate, the plurality of oil scooping buckets add lubricating oil to the first oil receiving tray.

4. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-speed shaft system is connected to the first bearing housing through a first labyrinth seal structure, and forms a third chamber with the first bearing housing; the third chamber is connected to the housing, so that some of the lubricating oil passing through the first labyrinth seal structure flows back to the housing; And / or, the automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearing further includes a third bearing housing and a second oil receiving tray. The third bearing housing is connected to a high-speed shaft system via a third bearing. The second oil receiving tray is disposed on the inner side of the housing corresponding to the high-speed shaft system. The second oil receiving tray is used to receive lubricating oil dripping from the high-speed shaft system and lubricating oil thrown out from the low-speed shaft system and / or the intermediate shaft system. Lubricating oil overflowing from the second oil receiving tray flows to the third bearing housing to lubricate the third bearing. The third bearing housing is connected to the housing so that the lubricating oil flows back to the housing.

5. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the oil addition groove extends to the area corresponding to the high-speed shaft system; And / or, a fourth chamber is formed between the third bearing and the third bearing housing, and the fourth chamber is in communication with the second oil receiving tray; And / or, the high-speed shaft system is connected to the third bearing housing via a second labyrinth seal structure, and forms a fifth chamber with the third bearing housing; the fifth chamber communicates with the housing, so that some of the lubricating oil passing through the second labyrinth seal structure flows back to the housing; And / or, the lubricating oil groove includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel communicating with the first chamber, the second flow channel communicating with the second chamber, and the junction of the first flow channel and the second flow channel communicating with the end of the first ramp; the end of the first ramp is connected to the housing by a screw, the screw dividing the first ramp so that a portion of the first ramp communicates with the first flow channel, and another portion of the first ramp communicates with the second flow channel.

6. The automatic lubrication system for reducer bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubricating oil groove slopes downward from the intersection of the first flow channel and the second flow channel toward the end of the first flow channel; And / or, the lubricating oil groove slopes downward from the junction of the first flow channel and the second flow channel toward the end of the second flow channel; And / or, the screw is positioned close to the second flow channel; And / or, the lubricating oil groove and / or the sludge discharge oil groove are provided near the inner side of the housing; And / or, the inner side of the first bearing housing is provided with a first channel communicating with the housing; And / or, the inner side of the third bearing housing is provided with a second channel communicating with the housing; And / or, the lubricating oil groove and / or the sludge discharge oil groove extend along the boundary direction of the housing; And / or, the second oil receiving tray is provided with a plurality of grooves for settling sludge.

7. A speed reducer, characterized in that, It includes a housing and an automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearing as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the automatic lubrication system for the reducer bearing is disposed in the housing.

8. An oil pumping unit, characterized in that, It includes a pumping unit body and a reducer as described in claim 7, wherein the reducer is connected to the pumping unit body.

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