Manufacturing method of whole-section soil specimen based on original fissure soil repairing and punching-free shape fixing

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole-section soil specimen manufacturing method based on fissure original soil repairing and punching-free shape fixing, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. According to crack repairing, original soil filling and staged wetting are adopted, foreign matter introduction is avoided, the original shape of soil is reserved to the maximum extent, the repaired specimen surface is flat and free of cracks, and the problem that an original structure is damaged by traditional repairing is solved; through staged spraying of a gradient concentration glue solution and laminating sealing, uniform glue permeation (the depth is about 2cm) can be realized without punching, so that the integrity of a specimen is protected, manpower is saved, the manufacturing period is shortened, and the punching-free laminating glue permeation device is suitable for sand, soil, sticky soil, gravel-containing soil and other soil with various textures; according to the stripping method, the natural structural surface of the soil can be vividly shown through saw mark guiding and layered stripping in cooperation with a steel wire brush treatment tool mark, artificial carving marks are reduced, and the ornamental value and scientificity of the specimen are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a whole-segment soil specimen based on repairing cracked original soil and solidifying the specimen without drilling. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of Earth's surface system, soil performs multiple ecological functions, including biological habitat, nutrient cycling, and hydrological regulation. It is the core material foundation for agricultural production, resource development, and environmental protection. Influenced by factors such as parent material, climate, topography, and human activities, soils in different regions develop unique physical and chemical properties, profile structures, and ecological characteristics. Whole soil specimens, as "hardened records" of soil's spatiotemporal characteristics, faithfully present the complete structure and properties of the soil. They provide important physical samples for soil evolution research, resource assessment, and land use, and are fundamental to soil science research and agricultural resource management.

[0003] However, the production of entire soil specimens faces many technical challenges: soils have different textures such as sand, loam, and clay, and contain different components such as gravel and saline-alkali, and are prone to cracks after drying, resulting in incomplete specimen morphology; when injecting glue to solidify, traditional methods may damage the specimen structure due to drilling, the depth is difficult to control, or the uneven penetration of the glue may affect the solidification effect; during the carving process, improper operation will make it difficult to realistically display the natural structure of the soil, and may even cause damage to the specimen.

[0004] Existing methods for preparing whole-segment specimens have significant limitations. Conventional methods of collecting soil specimens in layers and then placing them directly in specimen boxes are obsolete due to their poor aesthetic appeal and heavy weight. The method of pouring adhesive into the soil profile and then covering it with sackcloth is limited by the soil's moisture content and texture, making it unsuitable for teaching demonstrations. While some methods have attempted improvements, they still haven't effectively addressed issues such as the introduction of foreign matter into crack repair, the destruction of the specimen's original appearance by glue injection, and the heavy presence of artifacts during the carving process. Therefore, developing a method for preparing whole-segment soil specimens that balances the integrity of crack repair, the safety of glue injection, and the naturalness of carving has become a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a whole-segment soil specimen based on repairing cracked original soil and solidifying the specimen without drilling, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a whole soil specimen, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Drying before preparation: Place the collected soil specimen in a place without direct sunlight to dry naturally. During the drying process, control the drying speed by periodically loosening and rotating the specimen box cover to avoid excessive cracking. The drying cycle is 2 to 5 months.

[0009] (2) Crack repair: The crack original soil repair method is used, specifically: detect the crack depth, fill the cracks that do not reach the bottom plate with original soil on both sides of the crack and moisten them, so that the original soil and the sample are combined; for cracks that reach the bottom plate, fill the cracks with original soil in stages and moisten them multiple times until the cracks are filled and combined into one. After repair, trim the surface of the specimen until it is flat and let it stand for 1 to 2 days to dry;

[0010] (3) Film coating and glue spraying: The non-punching soil solidifying agent film coating infiltration method is adopted, specifically: a protective film is attached to the outside of the specimen box (the film area is larger than the specimen box area), and glue-water mixtures of different concentrations are sprayed in four stages. After spraying in each stage, the film is covered and left to stand. Among them: in the first stage, a solution with a glue: water volume ratio of 1:4 is used. On the first day, 200 ml is sprayed every hour for a total of 3 times; in the second stage, a solution with a glue: water volume ratio of 3:7 is used. It is sprayed twice; in the third stage, a solution with a glue: water volume ratio of 2:3 is used. It is sprayed twice; in the fourth stage, a solution with a glue: water volume ratio of 4:1 is used. It is sprayed three times; the glue penetration depth is controlled to be about 2 cm throughout the process, and the protective film is removed after the glue is dried.

[0011] (4) Installing the backboard: Mix fine soil or sand with soil curing agent glue to make a paste, evenly apply it on the specimen surface (thickness about 3 mm), lay linen cloth and apply the curing agent glue, cover the backboard and fix it with screws to make the specimen and the backboard tightly combined, and dry it for at least 15 days;

[0012] (5) Carving: The peeling method is used, specifically: separate the specimen body and the frame, use a saw to cut grooves with an interval of 8 to 10 cm and a depth of 2 to 3 mm along the specimen, use a knife and hammer to peel off the top 1 to 2 cm of soil in pieces, remove the loose soil, and use a wire brush to clean the cut surface to reveal the natural structure of the soil;

[0013] (6) Surface fixation and shaping: Spray the specimen surface with a mixture of glue and water in a volume ratio of 1:4 to solidify the specimen. After drying for 2 to 3 days, grind the edges of the specimen, install a customized acrylic frame and fix it to complete the specimen production.

[0014] As a further preference of the present invention, in step (2), when the cracks are repaired, the cracks reaching the bottom plate are filled with original soil to a depth of 1 / 3 and moistened for the first time, and then moistened again to a depth of 2 / 3, and then moistened for the third time after being filled.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), if the specimen contains a gravel layer, the gravel layer is first sprayed with soil solidifying agent glue for pre-fixation before the four-stage spraying.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preserving whole soil specimens. When the specimens prepared by the above method are stored in a humid and hot area, they are placed in a sealed transparent glass box and vacuumed, and stored in a constant temperature, dry place, and away from direct sunlight; when stored in a dry area, they are placed in a dustproof glass cover, maintained at a constant temperature and away from direct sunlight, and a desiccant is placed in the glass cover and replaced regularly, or they are stored by vacuuming.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] The crack repair of the present invention adopts original soil filling and staged wetting to avoid the introduction of foreign matter and retain the original state of the soil to the greatest extent. After the repair, the surface of the specimen is smooth and crack-free, which solves the problem of traditional repair destroying the original structure; the punching-free film-covered glue penetration is achieved by spraying the gradient concentration glue solution in stages and sealing the film, and the glue can be evenly penetrated (depth of about 2 cm) without punching, which not only protects the integrity of the specimen, but also saves manpower and shortens the production cycle. It is suitable for various textures of soil such as sand, loam, clay and gravel; the peeling and shedding method is guided by saw marks and layered peeling, and the knife marks are processed with a wire brush, which can realistically show the natural structural surface of the soil, reduce the traces of artificial carving, and enhance the ornamental and scientific nature of the specimen.

[0019] The present invention also enhances the specimen's robustness through backing and acrylic frame packaging. Combined with a regionalized storage scheme, this allows for long-term, stable specimen display. This overcomes the issues of traditional techniques, such as poor aesthetic appeal, soil type limitations, and long production cycles. The resulting product is highly practical for soil surveys, educational displays, and scientific research archiving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is the drying process for the entire soil sample.

[0022] Figure 2 Physical diagram of the reagents and tools needed to prepare the entire soil specimen.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the rendering of the "cracked soil repair method".

[0024] Figure 4Compare the specimen production by punching and the specimen production without punching.

[0025] Figure 5 A comparison of the carving effects of the "peeling and shedding method" on soils of different textures.

[0026] Figure 6 Complete a flow chart for the entire soil specimen.

[0027] Figure 7 This is the size diagram of the acrylic frame for the entire soil specimen.

[0028] Figure 8 Framing process for edging. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0031] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0033] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0034] It should be pointed out that the matters not described in detail in the present invention are conventional operating means in this field and are not the focus of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] 1 Source of whole soil specimen

[0037] Tongliao City started the construction of the local soil sample library project in 2023 and basically completed it by 2025. 39 representative whole soil samples were collected, which basically included various types of textures such as sand, loam, clay, salt, alkali, gravel, etc.

[0038] 2. Collection of whole soil samples

[0039] The standard internal dimensions of the wooden box used were: 100 cm high, 22 cm wide, and 5 cm thick. The frame, front cover, and back cover of the wooden box were made of 2 cm thick wood boards. Existing soil whole section specimen collection methods were used.

[0040] 3. Drying of whole soil specimens before preparation

[0041] Drying process such as Figure 1 As shown. The entire soil specimen is transported back indoors and placed in a place without direct sunlight. After removing the outer packaging, it is neatly arranged in a single layer. Remove the screws on the upper cover of the specimen wooden box, loosen the wooden cover and keep it covered. After natural drying for several days (the wooden cover needs to be loosened several times to ventilate the soil to prevent mold), rotate the wooden cover to a certain angle to expose the specimen part, and continue to dry naturally for several days (the rotation angle needs to be changed in the middle to achieve uniform air drying). This process can reduce excessive cracking of the specimen caused by excessive drying speed. Finally, remove the upper cover (place the wooden cover on the side or bottom of the corresponding specimen box to prevent the specimen from being mixed up), and continue to dry the specimen naturally. The entire specimen natural drying process takes about 2 to 5 months (the air drying time is related to the texture of the specimen and the air drying environment. In an environment with high air humidity, a ventilation fan can be placed indoors to accelerate drying). The dried specimen needs to be covered with the original cover again and stored for later preparation.

[0042] 4. The process of making a whole soil specimen without drilling

[0043] The reagents, tools and other items required for making the whole soil specimen are shown as follows: Figure 2 The specimen preparation process is as follows. Figure 6 shown.

[0044] a. Specimen crack depth detection and repair (crack original soil repair method)

[0045] Generally, clayey and saline-alkali soils shrink significantly after drying, resulting in numerous cracks, but this method is applicable to repairing them. Crack repair ensures uniform glue application, preventing excessive glue penetration along cracks during spraying, which could affect the specimen's display surface. Crack repair also maximizes the preservation of the soil's original state at the time of sampling. Crack formation may be caused by soil drying or bumpy transportation.

[0046] The specific repair method is as follows: Move the dried specimen to a workbench, remove the wooden cover, and place it next to the corresponding specimen. Observe the cracks and use a probe (you can make your own using a paper clip) to determine their depth. Cracks generally fall into two categories: those that do not reach the baseplate or those that do. For the former, use a stainless steel putty spatula to scrape along the crack, allowing the fallen soil to fill the crack. Use a curved-mouthed washing bottle filled with distilled water to moisten the crack along the crack, allowing the filled soil to merge with the specimen. For the latter, use a stainless steel putty spatula to work all the way along the crack, scraping along the crack. When the fallen soil has filled the crack to approximately one-third of its depth, use a curved-mouthed washing bottle filled with distilled water to moisten the crack along the crack. When the crack is approximately two-thirds full, moisten again. When the crack is completely filled, moisten a third time, ensuring the filled soil is fully integrated with the specimen. Repairing cracks around the entire soil specimen follows the same method. After all cracks are repaired, use a putty spatula to trim the specimen surface so that the entire specimen soil surface is flat and even. The specimen soil should fill the entire specimen box until there are no cracks. Leave the specimen for 1 to 2 days to dry.

[0047] Crack repair process and effect Figure 3 .

[0048] b. Specimen film coating and spraying (drilling-free soil curing agent film infiltration method)

[0049] Punch-free soil solidifier film infiltration method: The area of ​​the protective film should be larger than the specimen box area to effectively seal the moisture after spraying glue and ensure effective infiltration of the glue mixture. This method is basically applicable to various soil types.

[0050] The layered glue spraying and solidification of soil specimens must be strictly carried out according to the gradient concentration and staged process: first, the self-adhesive protective film is attached along the long side of the specimen wooden box, and then the glue is sprayed using an atomizing spray bottle in four stages: 1) In the first stage, a solution with a ratio of 1:4 (40ml of glue + 160ml of distilled water) is used. Every 1h on the first day, 200ml is evenly sprayed and the film cover is penetrated for a total of 3 times, and then the film cover is left to stand overnight; 2) In the second stage, a solution with a ratio of 3:7 (60ml of glue + 140ml of distilled water) is used. The same method is used for 2 spraying and then left to stand overnight; 3) In the third stage, a solution with a ratio of 2:3 (80ml of glue + 120ml of distilled water) is sprayed twice, and then the fourth stage is entered after standing overnight; 4) In the final stage, a solution with a ratio of 4:1 (160ml of glue + 40ml of distilled water) is used. The solution is sprayed 3 times. After the fourth round of glue spraying is completed, the film cover is locked in the moisture in the film to keep it moist and left to stand overnight. The glue concentration gradient (1:4 → 3:7 → 2:3 → 4:1) must be precisely controlled throughout the process, with a 1-hour spray interval. A total of approximately 2000ml of glue mixture is consumed. Use a precision measuring tool (a graduated cylinder or cup) to measure and observe the colloid's penetration throughout the spraying process. Feel the specimen to determine wetness, softness, and hardness, ensuring gradual solidification. The colloid's penetration depth is controlled to approximately 2cm (depending on the soil texture of the specimen), without completely saturating the soil. This facilitates subsequent carving of the specimen, allowing it to perfectly display its natural structural surface.

[0051] 1 day after the last spray coating, remove the wooden cover (place it next to the corresponding specimen for standby use), use a toothpick to tear small holes in the film in rows and rows, and let the specimen dry. After 4 to 5 days, touch and press the sprayed surface of the specimen with your hand. When it feels dry and hard, remove the film.

[0052] If there is a gravel layer in the entire soil specimen, you can first spray the gravel layer with about 200 to 500 ml of soil fixative glue (depending on the length of the gravel layer) to fix it. The rest of the steps are the same as above.

[0053] Comparison between specimen punching and non-punching production Figure 4 shown.

[0054] c. Dry and fix the specimen mounting backing

[0055] Take an appropriate amount of fine soil (or pure fine sand) that has passed a 10-mesh (2mm) sieve and soil solidifier glue, put them into a suitable container, mix them evenly into a thin mud (i.e. mud), and pour it on the surface of the soil specimen. Use a stainless steel mud spatula to smooth the mud to cover the entire specimen surface. The thickness of the mud after smoothing should be kept at about 3mm.

[0056] Lay the prepared linen evenly on the clay, aligning the sides with the soil specimen. Use a mud trowel to gently smooth the linen until it is fully bonded to the clay. Then, pour an appropriate amount of soil solidifier glue on the linen, and use a mud trowel to evenly spread the solidifier, covering the entire area of ​​the linen, making sure it does not flow. Then, place the specimen backboard on the linen, aligning the sides with the linen and soil specimen, and gently press the backboard with your hands to fully bond it to the glued linen. Take screws 2.5 to 3 cm long and screw three screws horizontally into the upper, middle, and lower parts of the backboard to make the soil specimen and the backboard more tightly and firmly bonded.

[0057] After the backboard is covered, use a thick marker to clearly and accurately copy the important information such as the corresponding specimen sampling number recorded on the log cover placed next to it onto the backboard. The log cover can then be discarded.

[0058] Move the specimen to a dry and ventilated place away from direct sunlight for drying for 15 days or longer. When preparing multiple samples, align five specimens and stack them up side by side. Place a weight (about 25 kg) on ​​the back of the top soil specimen and apply even pressure to it.

[0059] d. Specimen carving (peeling method)

[0060] Lift the dried soil specimen onto the workbench and turn it over (with the back facing down), remove the top cover, and then place the top cover under the back of the specimen to serve as an auxiliary load-bearing device during the carving process, minimizing the risk of uneven force on the specimen during movement and transportation, which may cause cracks in the specimen.

[0061] Insert a stainless steel putty knife along the junction of the specimen soil and the four frames to fully separate the specimen body from the four frames. Use a flat-blade screwdriver to slowly pry along the gaps where the long and short frames intersect at the four corners of the four frames to completely separate the four frames from the specimen body and then remove the four frames.

[0062] Peeling and shedding method: Use a 50cm long saw to saw grooves evenly along the specimen horizontally, at intervals of about 8 to 10cm and a depth of 2 to 3mm (to facilitate the peeling and shedding of entire pieces of soil during later carving).

[0063] Use a hard single-edged sharp knife to carve out a whole circle of knife marks along the cross section of the soil specimen from top to bottom, about 1 to 2 cm thick, with the blade perpendicular to the cross section and a hammer to gently tap the back of the knife.

[0064] The blade is perpendicular to the four sides of the specimen. Using a hammer, strike the blade with moderate force and explosive force, causing the upper 1-2 cm layer of soil to peel off in pieces, revealing the natural structure of the soil. Several times during the carving process, the fallen soil layers must be removed promptly to ensure that the specimen surface is clearly visible. (During the carving process, a certain amount of fallen soil can be collected layer by layer in a ziplock bag to prepare for later restoration of the specimen.)

[0065] Remove the fallen soil layer and use a vacuum cleaner to clean the remaining loose soil residue on the specimen so that the carved specimen ground surface is clearly presented. Further use a knife and hammer to carve out the remaining soil layer until all the upper 1-2 cm soil has fallen off, basically showing an ideal natural soil profile specimen.

[0066] After the knife carving is completed, use a hard steel wire brush to knock on the smooth knife marks left on the specimen surface by the hard sharp knife when carving with appropriate explosive force, so that the smooth surface soil will instantly burst and fall off under the action of the hard steel wire, and then use a vacuum cleaner to clean off the loose soil, and the natural structure of the soil will be perfectly revealed.

[0067] The various textures of soil are carved using the "peeling off method" to create effects such as Figure 5 .

[0068] e. Specimen surface fixation

[0069] After the carving is complete, spray approximately 50-150ml of a glue-water mixture with a volume ratio of 1:4 (glue:water) onto the specimen surface to solidify it. The spray volume is controlled to ensure the depth of penetration and the bonding with the previous glue layer. Because the curing agent itself is a colorless, transparent colloid and is diluted with distilled water, it can maintain the original color of the soil to the greatest extent possible. After the specimen is fixed, two people will hold up the load-bearing base along both sides of the specimen's longitudinal direction. Move the specimen to a dry, ventilated place out of direct sunlight and dry for 2-3 days. Touch the surface of the specimen with your hand to ensure it feels dry and free of loose soil particles. This completes the main body of the soil specimen.

[0070] f. Edging and framing

[0071] Customize suitable acrylic panels (or other suitable material frames), the size reference is as follows Figure 7 As shown. The length, width and thickness of the long side acrylic board are 1002mm, 50mm and 5mm respectively, and the length, width and thickness of the short side acrylic board are 230mm, 50mm and 5mm respectively. The bottom end is punched 5mm away from the edge, with a hole diameter of 4mm. There are 3 holes evenly spaced on the short side and 5 holes evenly spaced on the long side. The edging and framing process is as follows Figure 8As shown, in a well-ventilated studio, the specimen is moved to a workbench (together with the load-bearing base plate). The staff, wearing protective equipment, uses an angle grinder (equipped with a diamond grinding wheel) to trim and grind the specimen's cross-section and the four sides of the back plate so that the customized acrylic plate frame can be installed. The four acrylic plate frames are placed around the specimen, and the four corners of the frames are glued and fixed with quick-drying super glue. Then, the acrylic plate is fixed to the specimen back plate with screws 1.5 to 2 cm long. Finally, a vacuum cleaner is used to remove dust that falls on the specimen surface during the trimming and grinding process, and the specimen is completed.

[0072] In the present invention: (1) The method of infiltration of soil solidifying agent by coating without drilling is to target the pores generated after the specimen is dried, and to use a mixture of glue of different concentrations to spray and coat the specimen, which can achieve a good glue-in solidification effect, avoid the damage to the specimen caused by dense drilling and the disadvantage of difficult to control drilling depth, save manpower and material resources, and shorten the specimen production cycle. It is basically applicable to the production of various soil types. (2) The method of repairing cracked original soil is to use the original soil around the crack for repair, which restores the original state of the specimen to the greatest extent, and avoids the influence of foreign matter filling on the original state and appearance of the specimen. (3) The specimen carving adopts the peeling and shedding method, which can show the natural state observation surface of the entire specimen to the greatest extent, avoid the artificial carving traces caused by too much artificial "fine carving", and greatly improve the work efficiency in terms of carving time. As for the cracks that appear again after the specimen is made, there is no need to repair them again, because such cracks just show the inherent ductility of such soil.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a whole soil specimen, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Drying before preparation: Place the collected soil specimen in a place without direct sunlight to dry naturally. The drying period is 2 to 5 months. (2) Crack repair: The crack repair method is used to repair the cracks: the crack depth is detected. For cracks that do not reach the bottom plate, the original soil on both sides of the crack is filled and moistened to make the original soil and the sample combine; for cracks that reach the bottom plate, the original soil is filled in stages and moistened multiple times until the cracks are filled and combined into one. After repair, the surface of the specimen is trimmed to be flat and left to dry for 1 to 2 days; (3) Film coating and spraying for solidification: The film coating and spraying method with a non-punching soil solidifying agent is used for solidification: a protective film is attached to the outside of the specimen box, and glue-water mixtures of different concentrations are sprayed in four stages. After each stage of spraying, the film is left to stand. In the first stage, a solution with a glue:water volume ratio of 1:4 is used; in the second stage, a solution with a glue:water volume ratio of 3:7 is used; in the third stage, a solution with a glue:water volume ratio of 2:3 is used; in the fourth stage, a solution with a glue:water volume ratio of 4:1 is used; the depth of glue penetration is controlled at 2 cm throughout the process, and the protective film is removed after the glue is dried. (4) Installing the backboard: Mix fine soil or sand with soil curing agent glue to make a paste, evenly apply it on the specimen surface, lay linen and apply the curing agent glue, cover the backboard and fix it with screws to make the specimen and the backboard tightly combined. Dry for at least 15 days; (5) Carving: The carving is done using the peeling method: the specimen body and frame are separated, and grooves with a spacing of 8 to 10 cm and a depth of 2 to 3 mm are cut along the specimen horizontally with a saw. The surface soil of 1 to 2 cm is peeled off in pieces with a hammer and a knife. After removing the loose soil, the surface of the cut is treated with a wire brush to reveal the natural structure of the soil. (6) Surface fixation and shaping: Spray the specimen surface with a mixture of glue and water in a volume ratio of 1:4 to solidify the specimen. After drying for 2 to 3 days, grind the edges of the specimen, install a customized acrylic frame and fix it to complete the specimen production.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), when the cracks are repaired, the cracks reaching the bottom plate are filled with original soil to a depth of 1 / 3 and moistened for the first time, and moistened again to a depth of 2 / 3, and moistened for the third time after filling.

3. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), if the specimen contains a gravel layer, the gravel layer is first sprayed with soil solidifying agent glue for pre-fixation before the four-stage spraying.

4. A method for preserving a whole soil specimen, characterized in that: The specimen prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3, when stored in a humid and hot area, is placed in a sealed transparent glass box and evacuated, and stored in a constant temperature, dry place, and out of direct sunlight; when stored in a dry area, it is placed in a dust-proof glass cover, maintained at a constant temperature and out of direct sunlight, with a desiccant placed in the glass cover and replaced regularly, or is stored by vacuuming.

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