Comprehensive energy system optimized operation method considering stepped carbon transaction and hydrogen energy diversified utilization

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive energy system optimized operation method considering stepped carbon transaction and hydrogen energy diversified utilization. The method comprises the steps that a hydrogen energy diversified utilization model including electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen-to-methane production, hydrogen-to-electricity conversion, carbon capture, hydrogen storage and fuel gas hydrogen doping is established; based on a hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism is introduced, the carbon emission of the system is converted into carbon transaction cost, and a stepped carbon transaction cost model is established; on the basis of the stepped carbon transaction cost model, the lowest total operation cost of the system is used as an optimization target, and a hydrogen-containing comprehensive energy system low-carbon economic dispatching model is constructed; and under the condition that the constraint of the integrated energy system is met, solving the low-carbon economic dispatching model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to obtain the total operation cost, the carbon emission and the optimal output of each device in each time period of the integrated energy system. Therefore, consumption of new energy can be effectively promoted, carbon and emission are reduced, and low-carbon economic dispatching of the comprehensive energy system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method, device, equipment and medium for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system taking into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, and relates to the field of integrated energy optimization scheduling. Background Art

[0002] The contradiction between energy consumption and green and sustainable development is intensifying. Building a new energy system, reducing carbon emissions, and increasing the absorption of new energy sources are pressing technical challenges. Hydrogen, as a low-carbon, clean, secondary green energy source, has broad application prospects in the optimized operation of integrated energy systems (IES). Hydrogen utilization is an ideal vehicle for the large-scale development and utilization of new energy. Coupling and optimizing hydrogen with other energy sources within the IES is crucial for enhancing IES operational flexibility and reducing carbon emissions.

[0003] However, existing technologies for hydrogen production, storage, and multiple uses lack in-depth research. Carbon trading mechanisms treat carbon emission rights as commodities and trade them in the market. Introducing a carbon trading mechanism into the IES effectively constrains carbon emissions by converting carbon emissions into carbon trading costs and integrating them into total operating costs.

[0004] However, the parameters of the carbon trading mechanism play a key role in the operation of IES. Existing research has focused primarily on the impact of a single parameter, overlooking the combined impact of multiple parameters on IES. Therefore, research on tiered carbon trading mechanisms and the diversified use of hydrogen energy is crucial for the low-carbon operation of IES. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To address this problem, the present invention aims to provide a method, device, equipment, and medium for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that takes into account tiered carbon trading and the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, thereby constraining the system's carbon emissions and improving the low-carbon economic benefits of system operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system taking into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, comprising:

[0008] Establish a model for diversified utilization of hydrogen energy;

[0009] Based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and a tiered carbon trading cost model is established;

[0010] Based on the stepped carbon trading cost model, with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal, an optimal scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is constructed;

[0011] The low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is solved to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the diversified utilization model of hydrogen energy includes electrolysis, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen blending with natural gas, specifically:

[0013] 1) Electrolyzer:

[0014]

[0015] Where η EL is the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer; P EL,e (t) is the electric power consumed by EL at time t; is the hydrogen power generated by EL at time t;

[0016] 2) Methane reactor:

[0017]

[0018] P CCS,sum (t) = P CCS (t)+P base ;

[0019]

[0020] Where η MR is the energy conversion efficiency of the methane reactor; is the hydrogen power consumed by MR at time t; P MR,g (t) is the gas power generated by MR at time t; P CCS,e (t) is the electrical energy consumed by the carbon capture device; η CO2 The energy consumption required to process unit mass of CO2; E CCS (t) is the weight of carbon dioxide captured by the carbon capture device; P CCS,sum (t) is the total power consumed by CCS at time t; P base is the basic energy consumption of CCS; Φ h-e is the thermoelectric conversion coefficient; is the density of CO2; is the calorific value of natural gas;

[0021] 3) Hydrogen fuel cells:

[0022]

[0023] Where η HFC The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells; is the input hydrogen power of HFC at time t; P HFC,e (t) is the output power of HFC at time t;

[0024] 4) Hydrogen storage tank model:

[0025]

[0026] S HTS (t) = S HTS (t-1)+P HTS (t);

[0027] Where, are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the hydrogen storage tank respectively; are the charging and discharging power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; P HTS (t) is the storage power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; S HTS (t) is the storage capacity at time t; S HTS (t-1) is the storage capacity at time t-1;

[0028] 5) Gas boiler model:

[0029] P GB,h (t) = η GB P GB,g (t);

[0030] Where η GB is the energy conversion efficiency of GB; P GB,h (t) is the thermal power output by GB at time t; P GB,g (t) is the natural gas power consumed by GB at time t;

[0031] 6) Combined heat and power gas hydrogen blending model:

[0032]

[0033] P CHP,e (t)+P CHP,h (t) = η CHP P CHP (t);

[0034] Where, P CHP (t), P CHP,g (t), are the total gas power input to the cogeneration unit, the power of the gas turbine burning natural gas, and the power of the gas turbine burning hydrogen; ξ(t), L CH4 They represent the ratio of hydrogen blended with fuel gas, the lower calorific value of hydrogen, and the lower calorific value of natural gas, respectively.CHP,e (t), P CHP,h (t) are the power generation and heating power of the CHP unit respectively; η CHP It is the working efficiency of the CHP unit.

[0035] Some possible implementations include introducing a tiered carbon trading mechanism based on a hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, converting the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and establishing a tiered carbon trading cost model, including:

[0036] 1) Set up the initial carbon emission quota allocation model for each device in the integrated energy system:

[0037]

[0038] E IES,0 =E grid,0 +E GB,0 +E CHP,0 ;

[0039] Where, E grid,0 、E CHP,0 、E GB,0 and E IES,0 They are the initial carbon emission quotas for power purchase from the main grid, combined heat and power units, gas boilers and integrated energy systems; among them, and They are the power supply benchmark value of coal-fired units, the heating benchmark value of gas-fired units, and the power supply benchmark value of gas-fired units;

[0040] 2) Determine the calculation model for the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system:

[0041]

[0042] E IES =E grid +E GB +E CHP -E CCS ;

[0043] Where, E grid 、E GB 、E CHP 、E IES They are the actual carbon emissions from electricity purchases from the main power grid, gas boilers, cogeneration units, and integrated energy systems; is the carbon emission coefficient per unit power generation of the coal-fired unit; are the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas and the carbon oxidation rate of natural gas; 44 / 12 represents the ratio of the relative molecular mass of CO2 to carbon;

[0044] 3) Based on the initial carbon emission quota allocation model and the actual carbon emission calculation model, determine the tiered carbon trading cost model:

[0045] The tiered carbon trading cost model is:

[0046]

[0047] E IES,t =E IES -E IES,0 ;

[0048] Where, E IES,t is the actual carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market, d is the length of the carbon emission interval; α is the price growth rate.

[0049] In some possible implementations, based on a stepped carbon trading cost model, with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal, an optimal scheduling model for a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is constructed, including:

[0050] The objective function is determined as:

[0051]

[0052] Where, F is the total operating cost; F e,buy is the electricity purchase cost; F g,buy The cost of purchasing gas; is the cost of carbon trading;

[0053] Establish constraints, including power balance constraints, hydrogen storage tank constraints, and energy conversion equipment operation constraints;

[0054] Based on the objective function and constraints, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the integrated energy system is obtained:

[0055]

[0056] Where x is the set of decision variables in IES; G(x) is the inequality constraint of the optimal scheduling model; H(x) is the equality constraint of the optimal scheduling model.

[0057] In some possible implementations, F e,buy It means that the system purchases electricity from the main grid to meet the power load demand. The calculation formula is:

[0058]

[0059] Where, f coal is the power generation cost of coal-fired units;

[0060] F g,buyRefers to the natural gas purchased by the system to meet the needs of cogeneration units, gas boilers and gas load. The calculation formula is:

[0061]

[0062] Where, f gas The unit purchase price of natural gas.

[0063] In some possible implementation methods, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is solved to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system. Specifically, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the integrated energy system is mathematically modeled in MATLAB, and the operations optimization tool CPLEX is called to solve the constructed model to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

[0064] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an integrated energy system optimization operation device that takes into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, comprising:

[0065] The first unit is configured to establish a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model based on the low-carbon and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy, including electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and gas hydrogen blending;

[0066] The second unit is configured to introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and establish a tiered carbon trading cost model;

[0067] The third unit is configured to build a low-carbon economic dispatch model for a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system based on a stepped carbon trading cost model with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal;

[0068] The fourth unit is configured to solve the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

[0069] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor to enable the processor to execute the described method.

[0070] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs include computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the described method.

[0071] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following characteristics:

[0072] 1. The hydrogen energy diversified utilization model of the present invention can transfer and utilize surplus wind power in the form of hydrogen energy, thereby improving the IES's capacity to absorb wind power and new energy. By coordinating hydrogen production, storage, and diversified hydrogen use, it enhances the coupling, complementarity, and synergistic optimization among multiple energy sources. Hydrogen is a clean energy source and is pollution-free. Compared with the traditional IES scheduling model, the total system operating cost and carbon emissions of the present invention are reduced by 9.838% and 22.607%, respectively, optimizing the low-carbon economic benefits of the IES.

[0073] 2. The carbon trading mechanism introduced in this invention can effectively constrain the carbon emissions of IES. Setting parameters such as the carbon trading base price and interval length within a reasonable range has a positive guiding effect on the low-carbon economic operation of IES. When the carbon trading base price is between [90, 240] yuan, the interval length can mobilize the enthusiasm for carbon emissions. As the interval length decreases, carbon emissions are more sensitive to changes in the carbon trading base price. When carbon emissions are stable, the corresponding base price also gradually decreases.

[0074] 3. The integrated energy system optimization operation method proposed in this invention, which takes into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, can effectively promote the consumption of new energy, reduce carbon emissions, and achieve low-carbon economic scheduling of the integrated energy system.

[0075] In summary, the present invention can be widely used in comprehensive energy optimization scheduling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components. In the drawings:

[0077] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen energy diversified utilization model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tiered carbon trading price according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 3 This is a framework diagram of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 4 A load and wind power curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric power optimization scheduling results according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of thermal power optimization scheduling results according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gas power optimization scheduling results according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the hydrogen power optimization scheduling results of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of operating costs and carbon emissions under different carbon trading base prices in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of operating costs and carbon emissions under different carbon emission interval lengths according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 11 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0089] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0090] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inner side," "outer side," "lower," "upper," etc. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

[0091] Since the parameter setting of the carbon trading mechanism plays a key role in the operation of the IES, existing research mainly focuses on the impact of a single parameter, ignoring the joint impact of multiple parameters on the IES. In order to fully utilize the multi-energy coupling characteristics and the high proportion of renewable energy access of the integrated energy system, the present invention proposes an integrated energy system optimization operation method, device, equipment and medium that considers ladder carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, including: based on the low-carbon and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy, establishing a hydrogen energy diversified utilization model including electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage and thermoelectric hydrogenation to fully absorb surplus wind power new energy; to further reduce carbon emission intensity, introduce a ladder carbon trading mechanism to constrain the system's carbon emissions, and with the minimum total operating cost as the objective function, construct an optimization scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system, and use the YALMIP programming language with MATLAB to call CPLEX for solution. Therefore, the present invention enhances the coupling and flexibility between multiple energy sources through the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, promotes the absorption of new energy; at the same time, introduces a ladder carbon trading mechanism to further constrain the system's carbon emissions and improve the low-carbon economic benefits of system operation.

[0092] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0093] Example 1: This example provides a method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that considers tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, including:

[0094] S1. Based on the low-carbon and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy, a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model will be established, including hydrogen electrolysis, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and gas-hydrogen blending, to fully absorb the surplus wind power and new energy.

[0095] In this embodiment, Figure 1The structure of the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model shown in the figure shows that in the hydrogen production phase, an electrolyzer device utilizes surplus wind power resources to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis. In the hydrogen utilization phase, hydrogen and CO2 emitted by gas turbines captured by carbon capture devices serve as feedstock for the methane reactor, generating methane that is transported to the combined heat and power (CHP) unit as fuel. In addition, hydrogen fuel cells consume hydrogen to generate electricity, and CHP units use gas mixed with hydrogen to generate electricity and heat, both of which are also significant hydrogen consumers. In the hydrogen storage phase, hydrogen storage tanks store excess wind power in the form of hydrogen energy and release it during periods of wind shortage or high load demand, achieving energy shifting and relieving energy supply pressure for the system.

[0096] Furthermore, the diversified utilization model of hydrogen energy includes:

[0097] 1) Electrolyzer (EL):

[0098]

[0099] Where η EL is the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer; P EL,e (t) is the electric power consumed by EL at time t; is the hydrogen power generated by EL at time t.

[0100] 2) Methane Reactor (MR):

[0101]

[0102] P CCS,sum (t) = P CCS (t)+P base (4);

[0103]

[0104] Where η MR is the energy conversion efficiency of the methane reactor; is the hydrogen power consumed by MR at time t; P MR,g (t) is the gas power generated by MR at time t; P CCS,e (t) is the electrical energy consumed by the carbon capture device; η CO2 Energy consumption required to treat unit mass of CO2, MW·h / t; E CCS (t) is the weight of carbon dioxide captured by the carbon capture system (CCS); P CCS,sum (t) is the total power consumed by CCS at time t; P base is the basic energy consumption of CCS; Φ h-e is the thermoelectric conversion coefficient, which is 3600MJ / MW·h; is the density of CO2; is the calorific value of natural gas, MJ / m3 .

[0105] 3) Hydrogen fuel cells (HFC):

[0106]

[0107] Where η HFC The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells; is the input hydrogen power of HFC at time t; P HFC,e (t) is the output power of HFC at time t.

[0108] 4) Hydrogen Storage Tank Model (HTS):

[0109]

[0110] S HTS (t) = S HTS (t-1)+P HTS (t) (8);

[0111] Where, are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the hydrogen storage tank respectively; are the charging and discharging power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; P HTS (t) is the storage power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; S HTS (t) is the storage capacity at time t; S HTS (t-1) is the storage capacity at time t-1.

[0112] 5) Gas boiler model (GB):

[0113] P GB,h (t) = η GB P GB,g (t) (9);

[0114] Where η GB is the energy conversion efficiency of GB; P GB,h (t) is the thermal power output by GB at time t; P GB,g (t) is the natural gas power consumed by GB at time t.

[0115] 6) Combined heat and power gas hydrogen blending model (CHP):

[0116]

[0117] P CHP,e (t)+P CHP,h (t) = η CHP P CHP (t) (12);

[0118] Where, P CHP(t), P CHP,g (t), are the total gas power input to the cogeneration unit, the power of the gas turbine burning natural gas, and the power of the gas turbine burning hydrogen; ξ(t), L CH4 They represent the ratio of hydrogen blended into fuel gas, the lower calorific value of hydrogen, and the lower calorific value of natural gas respectively. CHP,e (t), P CHP,h (t) are the power generation and heating power of the CHP unit respectively; η CHP It is the working efficiency of the CHP unit.

[0119] S2. Based on the diversified utilization model of hydrogen energy, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and a tiered carbon trading cost model is established.

[0120] In this embodiment, the specific process of establishing the tiered carbon trading cost model includes:

[0121] (1) The initial carbon emission quota allocation model for each energy-consuming equipment in the integrated energy system is:

[0122]

[0123] E IES,0 =E grid,0 +E GB,0 +E CHP,0 (16);

[0124] Where, E grid,0 、E CHP,0 、E GB,0 and E IES,0 They are the initial carbon emission quotas for power purchase from the main grid, combined heat and power units, gas boilers and integrated energy systems; among them, and They are respectively the power supply benchmark value of coal-fired units, the heating benchmark value of gas-fired units, and the power supply benchmark value of gas-fired units.

[0125] (2) Determine the calculation model for the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system:

[0126]

[0127] E IES =E grid +E GB +E CHP -E CCS (20);

[0128] Where, E grid 、E GB 、E CHP 、EIES They are the actual carbon emissions from electricity purchases from the main power grid, gas boilers, cogeneration units, and integrated energy systems; is the carbon emission coefficient per unit power generation of the coal-fired unit, t / MW·h; They are the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas and the carbon oxidation rate of natural gas respectively; 44 / 12 represents the ratio of the relative molecular mass of CO2 to carbon.

[0129] (3) Based on the initial carbon emission quota allocation model and the actual carbon emission calculation model of the integrated energy system, a step-by-step carbon trading cost model is established.

[0130] In this example, carbon trading costs refer to the costs incurred when an enterprise purchases or sells carbon allowances in the carbon trading market based on the carbon emissions of its energy system. After calculating the carbon allowance and actual carbon emissions using equations (13) to (20), the actual carbon emissions released into the carbon trading market are the difference between the two, calculated as follows:

[0131] E IES,t =E IES -E IES,0 (twenty one);

[0132] Where, E IES,t It refers to the carbon trading volume that actually participates in the carbon trading market.

[0133] The tiered carbon trading mechanism refers to the pricing model of tiered electricity prices, dividing carbon emissions into different intervals, and the trading price increases as the interval increases. The tiered carbon trading price is shown as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the step-by-step carbon transaction cost model is shown in formula (22):

[0134]

[0135] Where d is the length of the carbon emission interval; α is the price growth rate.

[0136] S3. Based on the stepped carbon trading cost model, with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal, an optimization scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is constructed.

[0137] In this embodiment, the framework of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model is constructed as follows: Figure 3As shown in the figure, the energy balance relationship of electricity, gas, heat and hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is as follows: in terms of electricity supply and demand, the external power grid, wind turbines, cogeneration units and hydrogen fuel cells jointly meet the electricity demand of electric loads, electrolyzers and carbon capture devices, among which the electrolyzers and carbon capture devices only consume the power of wind turbines; in terms of thermal energy supply and demand, the cogeneration units and gas boilers meet the thermal load demand; in terms of natural gas supply and demand, the external gas grid and methane reactor provide natural gas for gas turbines, gas boilers and gas loads; in terms of hydrogen energy supply and demand, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen by electrolyzing water to provide hydrogen energy for hydrogen storage tanks, methane reactors, hydrogen fuel cells and gas-to-hydrogen blending; in terms of carbon flow, the carbon capture device captures carbon dioxide produced by gas turbines and gas boilers and provides it to the methane reactor for synthetic fuel.

[0138] Based on the law of conservation of energy and the coupling relationship, we add operational constraints and take minimizing the total operating cost of the system as the objective function to establish an optimal scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system:

[0139] a. Construct the objective function:

[0140]

[0141] Where, F is the total operating cost; F e,buy is the electricity purchase cost; F g,buy The cost of purchasing gas; The cost of carbon trading.

[0142] Furthermore, F e,buy Power purchase cost: refers to the amount of electricity purchased by the system from the main power grid to meet the power load demand.

[0143]

[0144] Where, f coal is the power generation cost of coal-fired units.

[0145] Furthermore, F g,buy Gas purchase cost: refers to the natural gas purchased by the system to meet the needs of cogeneration units, gas boilers and gas loads.

[0146]

[0147] Where, f gas The unit purchase price of natural gas.

[0148] b. Establish constraints:

[0149] (1) Power balance constraints, including electric power balance constraints and hydrogen power balance constraints.

[0150] In this embodiment, the electric power balance constraint is:

[0151] P e.buy (t)+P WG (t)+P CHP,e (t)+P HFC,e (t) = P load,e (t)+P EL,e (t)+P CCS,sum (t) (26);

[0152] Where, P load,e (t) is the electrical load demand of the system; P WG,e (t) The output provided by the wind turbine to the electrical load;

[0153] In this embodiment, the hydrogen power balance constraint is:

[0154]

[0155] (2) Hydrogen storage tank constraints:

[0156]

[0157] Where, The lower and upper limits of the hydrogen storage tank capacity; The maximum single charge and discharge power of the hydrogen storage equipment; It is the hydrogen filling and releasing status of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, and its value is 0 or 1, and both cannot be 1 at the same time, indicating that the hydrogen storage tank cannot be charged or released at the same time.

[0158] (3) Energy conversion equipment operation constraints:

[0159] In this embodiment, the energy conversion equipment involved in the energy system includes electrolyzers, methane reactors, hydrogen fuel cells, cogeneration units, gas boilers, and carbon capture devices. The input power must meet device capacity constraints. Furthermore, given that the energy conversion process presents issues such as response speed and rapid power changes, which can lead to operational safety issues for the equipment, the input power must also meet ramping constraints to ensure safe operation.

[0160] 0 <P i (t) <P i max

[0161] ΔP i min ≤P i (t+1)-P i (t)≤ΔP i max (32);

[0162] Where, P i (t) is the input power of the i-th energy conversion device during time period t; Pi max is the equipment capacity of the i-th energy conversion equipment; ΔP i max , ΔP i min are the upper and lower limits of the climbing power of the i-th energy conversion device respectively.

[0163] c. Constructing a low-carbon economic dispatch model for a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system:

[0164]

[0165] Where x is the set of decision variables in IES; G(x) is the inequality constraint of the optimal scheduling model; H(x) is the equality constraint of the optimal scheduling model.

[0166] S4. Under the condition of satisfying the constraints of the integrated energy system, mathematical modeling of Equation (33) is performed in MATLAB, and the operations optimization tool CPLEX is called to solve the constructed model to obtain the scheduling results such as the total operating cost of the integrated energy system, carbon emissions, and the optimal output of each equipment in each time period; at the same time, a variety of different scenarios are set to compare and analyze the impact of the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, the ladder carbon trading mechanism, and the parameters of the carbon trading mechanism on the operation of the integrated energy system.

[0167] In this embodiment, the model is simulated and analyzed with a 24-hour scheduling cycle. The wind power curve and load demand curve are shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 . In order to verify the effectiveness of the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model for the low-carbon economic benefits of the integrated energy system, this embodiment constructed four different operating scenarios for comparative analysis: Scenario 1 adopts the traditional electricity-heat-gas IES scheduling model. Scenario 2 uses an electrolyzer device to produce hydrogen and a hydrogen storage tank to store hydrogen, and considers the use of hydrogen in the methane reactor. Scenario 3, based on Scenario 2, considers the use of hydrogen in the methane reactor and hydrogen fuel cell. Scenario 4 considers hydrogen blending in the methane reactor, hydrogen fuel cell, and cogeneration, and adopts variable hydrogen blending, that is, the hydrogen energy diversified utilization structure proposed in the present invention. The scheduling results corresponding to the above four scenarios are shown in Table 1.

[0168] Table 1 Optimization results of different scenarios

[0169]

[0170] Compared to the traditional IES in Scenario 1, Scenario 4, which utilizes a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model, achieved significant economic and low-carbon results. Total operating costs were reduced by 9.838%, including a reduction of 1.9325 million yuan in electricity purchase costs, 1.4921 million yuan in gas purchase costs, and 533,700 yuan in carbon trading costs. Carbon emissions decreased by 22.607%, demonstrating the effectiveness of diversified hydrogen energy utilization. The detailed analysis is as follows:

[0171] Compared to Scenario 1, the introduction of the electrolyzer, carbon capture unit, and methane reactor in Scenario 2 boosted the consumption of surplus wind power and increased renewable energy utilization, significantly reducing IES operating costs, particularly gas purchase costs. During this process, hydrogen is converted to methane and supplied to the combined heat and power unit as fuel, reducing IES gas purchases and costs by 286,940 yuan. Furthermore, the carbon capture unit's absorption of CO₂ reduced IES's direct greenhouse gas emissions. This reduction in gas purchases also reduced carbon emissions involved in carbon trading, resulting in a reduction of IES total carbon emissions by 210.121 tons and a 22.579% decrease in carbon trading costs. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the hydrogen energy utilization component, comprised of the electrolyzer, carbon capture unit, and methane reactor, in optimizing IES scheduling.

[0172] Compared to Scenario 2, Scenario 3 incorporates hydrogen fuel cells into the hydrogen energy utilization process, enriching the ways to consume hydrogen energy. Converting hydrogen to methane and then burning it for power generation and heat generation results in significant energy conversion losses, while converting hydrogen to electricity directly for energy generation reduces the energy conversion process. Furthermore, hydrogen fuel cells generate clean electricity, optimizing the low-carbon nature of the IES. Therefore, in Scenario 3, hydrogen fuel cells utilize some hydrogen to generate electricity, replacing coal-fired power. This reduces the amount of hydrogen available for use in the methane reactor and increases gas purchases. Compared to coal-fired power, the substitution of hydrogen fuel cells optimizes both the cost and carbon emissions of the IES, reducing costs by 77,840 yuan and carbon emissions by 49,824 tons.

[0173] In scenario 4, the addition of cogeneration and hydrogen blending further enriches the utilization of hydrogen energy. Hydrogen blending occupies part of the hydrogen, and the available hydrogen for methane reactors and hydrogen fuel cells is reduced. The purchase of coal-fired power increases slightly, but hydrogen is used as fuel, and the purchase of natural gas decreases. Hydrogen is a clean energy and its combustion is pollution-free, so carbon emissions decrease. The blending of gas with hydrogen slightly optimizes the cost and carbon emissions of IES. The optimized scheduling results of scenario 4, that is, the balance of electricity, gas, heat, and hydrogen power are shown as follows: Figures 5 to 8 shown.

[0174] In summary, Scenario 4 allocates energy in a more flexible and reasonable manner through the coordinated deployment of hydrogen production, storage, and diversified hydrogen use equipment, improves energy utilization, enhances the coupling of multiple energy sources such as electricity, gas, heat, and hydrogen, and ensures the economic and environmental benefits of IES.

[0175] To explore the effectiveness of a tiered carbon trading mechanism in limiting carbon emissions, this example constructs two scenarios for comparative analysis. Scenario 4 employs a tiered carbon trading mechanism, the model proposed in this paper; Scenario 5 does not involve carbon trading costs. Both scenarios employ a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model. The optimized scheduling results for the two scenarios are shown in Table 2.

[0176] Table 2 Optimization results under different carbon trading mechanisms

[0177]

[0178] Scenario 5 does not involve carbon trading and incurs no carbon trading costs, resulting in lower total operating costs than Scenario 4. However, without the constraints of a carbon trading mechanism, the system will tend to rely on low-cost, high-carbon-emission externally purchased coal-fired power during operation. Therefore, compared to Scenario 4, Scenario 5's electricity purchase costs increase by 3.594% and carbon emissions increase by 3.603%. This demonstrates that the tiered carbon trading mechanism in Scenario 4 can effectively constrain the system's carbon emissions and promote low-carbon, economical scheduling of the integrated energy system.

[0179] Furthermore, in order to explore the impact of the parameters of the tiered carbon trading mechanism on the operation of IES, this embodiment selects the basic price of carbon trading and the length of the carbon emission interval for in-depth research. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The effects of the basic price of carbon trading and the length of the carbon emission interval on the operating costs and carbon emissions of IES are described respectively.

[0180] like Figure 9 As shown in the figure, as the carbon trading base price gradually increases, the total operating cost of the IES increases, while carbon emissions show a step-by-step downward trend. When the carbon trading base price is less than 80 yuan / t, the system's carbon emission reduction motivation is insufficient, and carbon emissions remain stable. When the carbon trading base price is between 80 and 180 yuan / t, as the carbon trading base price increases, the system adjusts the output distribution of each device to reduce carbon trading costs, resulting in a step-by-step downward trend in carbon emissions. When the carbon trading base price reaches 190 yuan / t, carbon emissions stabilize, the output of each device tends to stabilize, and the system's carbon emission reduction capacity reaches its upper limit. Therefore, appropriate carbon trading base price parameters can effectively guide the IES's energy conservation and emission reduction goals.

[0181] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, as the carbon emission interval length increases, the system's carbon emissions show an upward trend, while the total operating cost shows a downward trend. When the carbon emission interval length is less than 200 tons, due to the small range, carbon emissions fall into the high-price range, resulting in higher total system operating costs. In this case, to reduce carbon trading costs, the system reallocates the output of various devices and reduces carbon emissions. When the carbon emission interval length is extended to between [200, 350] tons, as the interval length increases, carbon emissions fall more into the low-price range, resulting in lower carbon trading costs and weaker control over carbon emission intensity. At this point, the system's carbon emissions show an upward trend. When the carbon emission interval length exceeds 350 tons, due to the excessive range, carbon emissions are traded entirely within the low-price range, and carbon emissions gradually stabilize. Therefore, appropriately setting the carbon emission interval length can effectively guide the economic and low-carbon nature of IES.

[0182] In summary, when formulating scheduling strategies, reasonable selection of parameters plays a key role in guiding the system to operate in a low-carbon economy.

[0183] Example 2: The aforementioned Example 1 provides a method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that considers tiered carbon trading and the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy. Correspondingly, this example provides a device for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that considers tiered carbon trading and the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy. The device provided in this example can implement the method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that considers tiered carbon trading and the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy described in Example 1. The device can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For ease of description, this example is described separately based on its functionality and described in various units. Of course, during implementation, the functions of each unit can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware components. For example, the device may include integrated or separate functional modules or functional units to perform the corresponding steps of each method in Example 1. Since the device in this example is substantially similar to the method example, the description of this example is relatively simple. For relevant details, please refer to the partial description of Example 1. The embodiment of the device for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that considers tiered carbon trading and the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy provided by the present invention is merely illustrative.

[0184] Specifically, the present invention provides an integrated energy system optimization operation device that takes into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, including:

[0185] The first unit is configured to establish a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model based on the low-carbon and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy, including electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and gas hydrogen blending;

[0186] The second unit is configured to introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and establish a tiered carbon trading cost model;

[0187] The third unit is configured to build a low-carbon economic dispatch model for a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system based on a stepped carbon trading cost model with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal;

[0188] The fourth unit is configured to solve the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

[0189] Example 3: This example provides an electronic device corresponding to the method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system that takes into account tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy provided in Example 1. The electronic device may be an electronic device for a client, such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, etc., to execute the method of Example 1.

[0190] like Figure 11 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a bus. The processor, the memory and the communication interface are connected via the bus to complete communication between them. The memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor. When the processor runs the computer program, it executes the method of embodiment 1. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 11 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computing device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computing device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0191] In a preferred embodiment, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), optical disk and other media that can store program code.

[0192] In a preferred embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or other general-purpose processors of various types, which are not limited herein.

[0193] Embodiment 4: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs include computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method provided in the above embodiment 1.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that retains and stores instructions executed by the computer, such as, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the method provided in the first embodiment.

[0195] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (apparatus), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the steps in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0196] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0197] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0198] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the reference terms "a preferred embodiment", "further", "specifically", "in the present embodiment", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0199] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, characterized in that: include: Establish a model for diversified utilization of hydrogen energy; Based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and a tiered carbon trading cost model is established; Based on the stepped carbon trading cost model, with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal, an optimal scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is constructed; The low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is solved to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

2. The method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversified utilization models of hydrogen energy include electrolysis, hydrogen-to-methane, hydrogen-to-electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen blending with natural gas. Specifically: 1) Electrolyzer: Where η EL is the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer; P EL,e (t) is the electric power consumed by EL at time t; is the hydrogen power generated by EL at time t; 2) Methane reactor: P CCS,sum (t)=P CCS (t)+P base ; Where η MR is the energy conversion efficiency of the methane reactor; is the hydrogen power consumed by MR at time t; P MR,g (t) is the gas power generated by MR at time t; P CCS,e (t) is the electrical energy consumed by the carbon capture device; η CO2 The energy consumption required to process unit mass of CO2; E CCS (t) is the weight of carbon dioxide captured by the carbon capture device; P CCS,sum (t) is the total power consumed by CCS at time t; P base is the basic energy consumption of CCS; Φ h-e is the thermoelectric conversion coefficient; is the density of CO2; is the calorific value of natural gas; 3) Hydrogen fuel cells: Where η HFC The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells; is the input hydrogen power of HFC at time t; P HFC,e (t) is the output power of HFC at time t; 4) Hydrogen storage tank model: S HTS (t)=S HTS (t-1)+P HTS (t); Where, are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the hydrogen storage tank respectively; are the charging and discharging power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; P HTS (t) is the storage power of the hydrogen storage tank during period t; S HTS (t) is the storage capacity at time t; S HTS (t-1) is the storage capacity at time t-1; 5) Gas boiler model: P GB,h (t)=η GB P GB,g (t); Where η GB is the energy conversion efficiency of GB; P GB,h (t) is the thermal power output by GB at time t; P GB,g (t) is the natural gas power consumed by GB at time t; 6) Combined heat and power gas hydrogen blending model: P CHP,e (t)+P CHP,h (t)=η CHP P CHP (t); Where, P CHP (t), P CHP,g (t), are the total gas power input to the cogeneration unit, the power of the gas turbine burning natural gas, and the power of the gas turbine burning hydrogen; ξ(t), L CH4 They represent the ratio of hydrogen blended with fuel gas, the lower calorific value of hydrogen, and the lower calorific value of natural gas, respectively. CHP,e (t), P CHP,h (t) are the power generation and heating power of the CHP unit respectively; η CHP It is the working efficiency of the CHP unit.

3. The method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and a tiered carbon trading cost model is established, including: 1) Set up the initial carbon emission quota allocation model for each device in the integrated energy system: AND IES,0 =And grid,0 +E GB,0 +E CHP,0 ; Where, E grid,0 、E CHP,0 、E GB,0 and E IES,0 They are the initial carbon emission quotas for power purchase from the main grid, combined heat and power units, gas boilers and integrated energy systems; among them, and They are the power supply benchmark value of coal-fired units, the heating benchmark value of gas-fired units, and the power supply benchmark value of gas-fired units; 2) Determine the calculation model for the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system: AND IES =And grid +E GB +E CHP -AND CCS ; Where, E grid 、E GB 、E CHP 、E IES They are the actual carbon emissions from electricity purchases from the main power grid, gas boilers, cogeneration units, and integrated energy systems; is the carbon emission coefficient per unit power generation of the coal-fired unit; are the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas and the carbon oxidation rate of natural gas; 44 / 12 represents the ratio of the relative molecular mass of CO2 to carbon; 3) Based on the initial carbon emission quota allocation model and the actual carbon emission calculation model, determine the tiered carbon trading cost model: The tiered carbon trading cost model is: AND IES,t =And IES -AND IES,0 ; Where, E IES,t is the actual carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market, d is the length of the carbon emission interval; α is the price growth rate.

4. The method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the stepped carbon trading cost model, with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal, an optimal scheduling model for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is constructed, including: The objective function is determined as: Where, F is the total operating cost; F e,buy is the electricity purchase cost; F g,buy The cost of purchasing gas; is the cost of carbon trading; Establish constraints, including power balance constraints, hydrogen storage tank constraints, and energy conversion equipment operation constraints; Based on the objective function and constraints, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the integrated energy system is obtained: Where x is the set of decision variables in IES; G(x) is the inequality constraint of the optimal scheduling model; H(x) is the equality constraint of the optimal scheduling model.

5. The method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: F e,buy It means that the system purchases electricity from the main grid to meet the power load demand. The calculation formula is: Where, f coal is the power generation cost of coal-fired units; F g,buy It refers to the natural gas purchased by the system to meet the needs of cogeneration units, gas boilers and gas load. The calculation formula is: Where, f gas The unit purchase price of natural gas.

6. The method for optimizing the operation of an integrated energy system considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is solved to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system. Specifically, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the integrated energy system is mathematically modeled in MATLAB, and the operations optimization tool CPLEX is called to solve the constructed model to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

7. An integrated energy system optimization operation device considering tiered carbon trading and diversified utilization of hydrogen energy, characterized in that: include: The first unit is configured to establish a diversified hydrogen energy utilization model based on the low-carbon and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy, including electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen to methane, hydrogen to electricity, carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and gas hydrogen blending; The second unit is configured to introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism based on the hydrogen energy diversified utilization model, convert the system's carbon emissions into carbon trading costs, and establish a tiered carbon trading cost model; The third unit is configured to build a low-carbon economic dispatch model for a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system based on a stepped carbon trading cost model with the lowest total system operating cost as the optimization goal; The fourth unit is configured to solve the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to obtain the total operating cost, carbon emissions and optimal output of each equipment in each time period of the integrated energy system.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, characterized in that: The one or more programs include computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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