Application of lipidosome nano-selenium in preparation of nutritional feed additive

Abstract

The invention relates to application of lipidosome nano-selenium in preparation of a nutritional feed additive, and belongs to the field of poultry feed. The invention provides an application of lipidosome nano-selenium in preparation of a nutritional feed additive. Experiments prove that the selenium content in serum of the broiler fed with the phospholipid bilayer-coated nano-selenium is remarkably higher than that of the broiler fed with a selenium compound not coated with the phospholipid bilayer, the phospholipid bilayer can promote the broiler to absorb the nano-selenium, the utilization rate of selenium in the broiler is further increased, and the yield of the broiler is increased. The chicken quality is improved. Meanwhile, the lipidosome nano-selenium can improve the immune performance of the intestinal mucosa of the poultry, optimize the intestinal flora structure, promote the generation of beneficial metabolites, namely short-chain fatty acids, of the intestinal tract, improve the health level of the intestinal tract of the poultry, reduce the addition of antibiotics and promote the green, healthy and sustainable development of the livestock and poultry industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of poultry feed, in particular to the application of liposome nano-selenium in the preparation of nutritional feed additives. Background Art

[0002] The growth status of poultry is closely related to intestinal function and health. The intestinal barrier is a general term for the structure and function of resisting harmful substances in the intestinal cavity (such as pathogens, toxins and antigens, etc.), including physical, chemical, immune and microbial barriers. Studies have shown that the growth of poultry is easily affected by factors such as nutrition, environment and pathogenic bacteria, which can damage the intestinal barrier, manifest as decreased immunity and imbalance of intestinal flora, leading to systemic inflammatory response, organ failure and even death. The intestinal health of broilers plays a vital role in their digestion, nutrient absorption and immune defense. The intestine is not only a place for digestion and absorption of nutrients, but also a barrier to maintain the internal dynamic balance of the body.

[0003] For a long time, adding antibiotics to feed has been the primary preventative strategy for preventing intestinal health problems in broiler chickens. However, long-term overuse of antibiotics can lead to public health issues such as bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues. Since the ban on antibiotics in feed, intestinal health problems in broiler chickens have increased, including low feed intake, poor feed uniformity, severe diarrhea, increased feed-to-weight ratio, and an increase in secondary diseases. Therefore, in the post-antibiotic era, effectively improving intestinal health has become a critical issue that the poultry industry urgently needs to address.

[0004] Chicken is an important source of high-quality animal protein for humans. During the chicken production process, factors such as intensive farming, nutrient deficiencies, adverse climates, pathogen invasion, and long-distance transportation can all cause stress in broilers. This can lead to lipid oxidation and protein degradation in the chicken, deteriorating key meat quality indicators such as pH, color, water retention, tenderness, and intramuscular fat content, ultimately resulting in a decline in chicken quality. Nutritional manipulation can improve the redox state of chickens, enhance their overall health, and mitigate the negative impact of stress on chicken production, thus becoming an effective strategy for improving chicken quality.

[0005] Selenium is a trace mineral essential for animal health. Traditional selenium additives primarily use inorganic selenium, such as sodium selenite, but these have limitations such as low bioavailability, high toxicity, and poor stability. Therefore, developing new, highly effective selenium additives to meet animal nutritional needs and improve overall health is crucial for promoting healthy and efficient animal husbandry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide the use of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of a nutritional feed additive. Liposomal nanoselenium is a composite nanomaterial composed of nanoselenium encapsulated by a phospholipid bilayer. It has good biocompatibility, stability, and bioavailability, and can improve the intestinal health and muscle quality of broiler chickens.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides the use of liposome nano-selenium in the preparation of nutritional feed additives.

[0009] The present invention adds liposome nano-selenium as a feed additive to a basic feed to prepare a compound feed for feeding broilers. By testing various indicators of broilers, it is found that liposome nano-selenium has the effect of improving the antioxidant performance of chicken (especially breast muscle) and can be used as a nutritional feed additive in poultry breeding.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of a feed additive for improving poultry intestinal health. Animal experiments have shown that liposomal nanoselenium enhances intestinal mucosal immunity in broiler chickens, regulates intestinal flora structure, and increases short-chain fatty acid content, thereby improving the intestinal health of broiler chickens.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of a feed additive for improving poultry muscle quality. Animal experiments have shown that liposomal nanoselenium can increase the content of essential trace elements in chicken meat, improve muscle fatty acid composition, and enhance muscle antioxidant properties, thereby improving chicken quality.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the poultry includes but is not limited to at least one of chicken, duck, goose, quail and pigeon.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the chicken includes but is not limited to at least one of white-feathered broilers, yellow-feathered broilers, reed chickens, and bantam chickens.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the liposomal nano-selenium comprises an outer layer and an inner core, wherein the outer layer is at least one phospholipid bilayer, and the inner core is nano-selenium. Experiments conducted by the present invention have confirmed that broilers fed with liposomal nano-selenium have significantly higher selenium levels in their serum than broilers fed with selenium compounds not coated with a phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid bilayer can promote the absorption of nano-selenium in broilers, further increasing the utilization rate of selenium in the broilers and improving the quality of the chicken meat.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the average particle size of the liposome nano-selenium is 120-240 nm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the liposome nano-selenium is mainly prepared by the following method: mixing starch aqueous solution with phospholipid and selenium compound, adding a reducing agent to react, drying and crushing to obtain liposome nano-selenium.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the mass percentage of the starch aqueous solution is 1.72-9.09%.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the mass ratio of starch to reducing agent in the starch aqueous solution is starch: reducing agent = (1.75-10): (0.05-3).

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the mass ratio of starch, phospholipid and selenium in the selenium compound in the starch aqueous solution is starch:phospholipid:selenium = (1.75-10): (0.1-4): (0.01-0.7).

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the reaction condition is stirring at 10-15° C. for 50-70 min.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the selenium compound includes at least one of selenate, selenite, selenium oxide, yeast selenium and selenomethionine.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the starch aqueous solution is mixed with the phospholipid at 45-55°C; the starch aqueous solution is mixed with the selenium compound at 10-15°C.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the reducing agent includes at least one of vitamin C, sodium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate and hydrazine.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, after the reaction, the temperature needs to be further lowered to -3-5°C to allow the phospholipid bilayer to effectively coat the nano-selenium.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the application of the present invention, the adding rate of the reducing agent is 0.05-0.1 mL / 1-1.5 s.

[0026] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of liposome nano-selenium in the preparation of selenium-containing nutritious feed.

[0027] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a selenium-containing nutritional feed, comprising liposome nano-selenium and a basic feed.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the selenium-containing nutritional feed of the present invention, the weight ratio of the liposome nano-selenium to the basic feed is liposome nano-selenium: basic feed = (0.5-1.0): 10 6 .

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the selenium-containing nutritional feed of the present invention, the basal feed is a basal feed formulated in accordance with NY / T3645-2020 "Nutritional Requirements of Yellow-Feathered Broilers".

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The present invention has experimentally confirmed that the selenium content in the serum of broilers fed with nano-selenium coated with a phospholipid bilayer is significantly higher than that of broilers fed with selenium compounds that are not coated with a phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid bilayer can promote the absorption of nano-selenium in broilers, further improve the utilization rate of selenium in broilers, and achieve improved chicken quality.

[0032] (2) The present invention uses liposomal nanoselenium with good biocompatibility, strong stability, and high bioavailability as a poultry nutritional feed additive, which can enhance the immune function of the intestinal mucosa of poultry, optimize the intestinal flora structure, promote the production of short-chain fatty acids, a beneficial metabolite of the intestine, improve the intestinal health level of poultry, reduce the addition of antibiotics, and promote the green, healthy and sustainable development of the livestock and poultry farming industry. At the same time, liposomal nanoselenium can enhance muscle antioxidant capacity, improve muscle fatty acid composition, and increase muscle trace elements and other nutritional components, thereby improving muscle quality, and has great application value and market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The effect of different treatment groups on the relative abundance of microorganisms in the cecum of broiler chickens in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is the LEfSe analysis of the relative abundance of microorganisms in the cecum of broiler chickens in different treatment groups in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 The effect of different treatment groups on the content of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum of broiler chickens in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0036] In the above figures, the number marked with "*" indicates a significant difference compared with the CON group (P<0.05). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, other materials and reagents used in the examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0039] The techniques not described in detail in the following examples, comparative examples and effect examples are all commonly used techniques in the art. Please refer to "Molecular Biology Experiment Manual" (Ma Wenli, People's Military Medical Publishing House), "Molecular Biology Experiment (Second Edition)" (Zhejiang University Press), and "Cell Biology Experiment" (Yang Hongbing, Hou Lixia, Zhang Yuxi, Higher Education Press).

[0040] The basic feed used in the following examples, comparative examples and effect examples is a corn-soybean meal type feed, and the composition is shown in Table 1:

[0041] Table 1 Basic feed composition and nutritional level (air-dried basis)

[0042]

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment provides a liposome nano-selenium and a preparation method thereof, wherein the liposome nano-selenium preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) mixing a 1.72 wt % starch aqueous solution and a 4 wt % phospholipid at 45-55° C., adding sodium selenite having a selenium concentration of 0.6153 wt % and mixing at 10-15° C. to obtain a mixed solution;

[0046] (2) mixing the mixed solution obtained in step (1) with a 3 wt % vitamin C solution at 10-15° C., with a dropwise addition rate of 0.05 mL / 1.5 s, stirring for 50-70 min, cooling to -3--5° C., freeze-drying, and pulverizing to obtain liposome nanoselenium;

[0047] The prepared liposome nano-selenium was digested by microwave digestion according to 5.2.2 of the first method of GB 5009.93-2017, and the selenium content was measured to be 6.1 mg / kg according to the first method of GB / T 13883-2023.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Animal experiments were conducted on the liposomal nanoselenium obtained in Example 1. The specific protocol is as follows:

[0050] 1. 288 healthy, one-day-old yellow-feathered male chicks weighing (37.00 ± 0.17) g were randomly divided into five groups. The control group (CON group) received a basal diet without added selenium. The experimental groups, respectively, supplemented the basal diet with 0.5 mg / kg (in terms of selenium) of sodium selenite (SS, not coated with a phospholipid bilayer), selenomethionine (SM, not coated with a phospholipid bilayer), and liposome nano-selenium (LNSe) obtained in Example 1. Each group had six replicates, with 12 chickens in each replicate. The experimental period was 56 days. The experimental basal diet was a corn-soybean meal diet that met the nutritional needs of the experimental chickens (except for selenium).

[0051] 2. The measured values ​​of selenium content in the basal diet in the early stage (1-28 days of age) were 0.06, 0.56, 0.58, and 0.55 mg / kg (CON, SS, SM, LNSe), respectively. The measured values ​​of selenium content in the basal diet in the later stage (29-56 days of age) were 0.07, 0.58, 0.57, and 0.59 mg / kg (CON, SS, SM, LNSe), respectively.

[0052] 3. Mix the selenium additive into the basal diet in stages, based on the amount of selenium added. First, manually mix the desired concentration of selenium additive with 500g of basal diet. Continue adding basal diet until the total amount reaches 5kg. After thorough mixing, continue adding basal diet and use a blender to prepare 65kg of test diet. Prepare the test diet every two weeks during the early stages of the trial (weeks 1-4); prepare the test diet weekly during the later stages (weeks 5-8).

[0053] 4. The broiler breeding experiment was conducted from August 2023 to October 2023 at the experimental chicken farm in the Science and Technology Courtyard of Xifu Village, Kaihui Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The experimental broilers were raised in three-tier stacked cages, with 12 chickens per cage. The number of broilers in each group was guaranteed to be equal on the upper, middle, and lower tiers and on the left and right sides. Daily management was carried out in accordance with the routine management procedures of the chicken farm. Feeding was carried out three times a day (07:00, 14:00, and 20:00), with free access to water and emptying the trough once a day. The temperature of the chicken house was controlled at 33°C to 35°C in the first week, and then decreased by 2°C to 3°C each week until it dropped to 22°C. The chicken house used LED light sources, and the lighting management was as follows: 24L:0D from day 1 to day 3, 23L:1D from day 4 to day 7, 21L:3D from week 2 to week 3, and 18L:6D from week 4 to week 8. The chicken immunization program is as follows: Marek's disease vaccine at 1 day old, Newcastle disease vaccine through drinking water at 7 days old, and infectious bursal disease vaccine through drinking water at 14 days old.

[0054] 5. Weigh the broilers in replicates at 1 day, 28 days, and 56 days of age. Fast for 12 hours before weighing and allow free access to water. Feed was collected once a week, and feed consumption was recorded for each replicate. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed-to-weight ratio, and mortality rate were calculated for broilers from 1 to 56 days of age. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0055] 6. At 56 days of age, select two broilers with a weight close to the average weight of the replicate from each replicate. After fasting for 12 hours, collect about 5 mL of wing vein blood in a coagulant tube. Let it stand for 2 hours to allow the serum to precipitate. Centrifuge at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes, collect the serum in a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube, and freeze it at -80℃.

[0056] At 56 days of age, two broiler chickens were selected from each replicate, weighing close to the replicate average. They were slaughtered and dissected according to the "Code of Practice for Slaughter of Livestock and Poultry - Chickens" (GB / T 19478-2018), and a small amount of breast muscle was quickly sampled for molecular analysis. Five breast and leg muscle samples were collected from the same location, divided into centrifuge tubes, and stored at -80°C for determination of antioxidant markers and essential trace element content.

[0057] 7. Prepare a 10% tissue homogenate of the pectoral muscle sample with pre-cooled physiological saline at a ratio of 1:9 (W:V = g:mL) using a handheld homogenizer (F6 / 10, Shanghai Jingxin Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai) in an ice bath. Centrifuge the homogenate at 4°C for 10 minutes, and carefully aspirate the supernatant. GSH-Px and T-SOD activities in the supernatant were determined using a kit and microplate reader from the Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute. The specific assay methods are as follows: T-SOD activity was determined using the hydroxylamine method, and GSH-Px was calculated by measuring the consumption of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the enzymatic reaction using a microplate reader. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0058] 8. The selenium content in serum and muscle was determined using a dual-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer (with a hydride generator) (AFS-2000, Beijing Kechuang Haiguang Instrument Co., Ltd.) in accordance with the method of GB 5009.93-2017 “Determination of Selenium in Foods”.

[0059] The iron, copper, manganese, and zinc contents in serum, liver, and muscle were determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICAP6300, Thermo Fisher Scientific (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.). The specific procedures are as follows:

[0060] Accurately weigh 1-2g of sample in a beaker, moisten with water, absorb 10mL of hydrochloric acid, shake well, digest on a hot plate at 120℃ until almost dry, rinse the walls with water, heat for 15min, and let cool. Transfer the sample liquid to a 100mL volumetric flask without loss, absorb 10.0mL of hydrochloric acid solution, dilute to volume with water, filter, and this solution is the test liquid. According to the concentration of the standard curve, dilute the sample liquid to the appropriate multiple for testing. Perform a blank determination at the same time. Set the analysis parameters of the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer as required. After the instrument stabilizes, perform standard curve calibration, automatically draw a curve based on the signal value, and obtain the standard curve. Detect the blank sample liquid, subtract the blank sample liquid signal value from the sample signal value, and obtain the concentration of each element. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Where:

[0063] c——the concentration of the element in the sample solution, μg / mL;

[0064] c0——concentration of the element in the blank solution, μg / mL;

[0065] n——dilution multiple of test solution;

[0066] m——sample mass, g.

[0067] The test results of the above element contents are shown in Table 4.

[0068] 9. The fatty acid composition of breast muscle was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (8860-5977C, Agilent Technologies Inc., USA). The results are shown in Table 5.

[0069] 10. At 56 days of age, one broiler chicken with a body weight close to the average was randomly selected from each replicate. After death by exsanguination of the neck, the abdominal cavity was opened, and the intestinal segments were quickly removed and separated. An appropriate amount of cecal chyme was squeezed and placed into a 1.5 mL sterile centrifuge tube. The tubes were labeled and quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen. Afterwards, the intestinal wall chyme was rinsed with sterile saline to remove the intestinal wall. The small intestinal segments were cut longitudinally and gently rinsed with sterile saline. Approximately 2 g of intestinal mucosa was carefully scraped using a sterile glass slide, wrapped in tinfoil, and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The tubes were then stored at -80°C for intestinal mucosal immune marker determination.

[0070] 11. Before the determination, the ileal mucosal tissue homogenate was prepared and the ELISA kit and microplate reader of Shanghai Yuanju Biotechnology Center were used to determine the contents of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the ileal mucosa of broiler chickens. The specific operation of the ileal mucosal tissue homogenate was as follows: accurately weigh the ileal mucosal sample to be tested, add pre-cooled physiological saline at a ratio of weight (g): volume (mL) = 1:9, and mechanically homogenize under ice water bath conditions. Then, the homogenate was centrifuged at 4°C and 3500 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was aspirated into a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0071] 12. Weigh (200 ± 10) mg of cecal contents from each broiler chicken and place them in a 2 mL sterile centrifuge tube. Use the MagAtrract PowerSoil Pro DNA Extraction Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) to extract intestinal chyme DNA. Strictly follow the kit instructions. DNA concentration is determined using an ultramicro spectrophotometer (NanoDrop ND-2000UV, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Purity is determined by 1 wt% agarose gel electrophoresis. Qualified DNA samples are sent to Shanghai Meiji Biopharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. for sequencing and analysis. The results are shown in the table. Figure 1-2 .

[0072] 13. The content of short-chain fatty acids in cecal chyme was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) with an external standard method. The detection instrument was a UPLC I-CLASS ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and Xevo TQ-S Micro tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry system from Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. The specific determination method is as follows: 50 mg of cecal chyme was accurately weighed and added to 0.5 mL of water and 0.5 mL of methanol solution to prepare a homogenate. The mixture was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes, 50 μL of the supernatant was taken, 50 μL of the internal standard, 50 μL of 3-nitrophenylhydrazine and 50 μL of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) were added, and the mixture was derivatized at 30°C for 30 minutes. 50 μL of a protective agent was added and the mixture was mixed. The mixture was centrifuged at 4°C and 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes. 100 μL of the supernatant was placed in an injection vial for mass spectrometry detection. The results are shown in Tables 7 and Figure 3 .

[0073] 14. The data from the above-mentioned test indicators were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software for one-way analysis of variance. Significant differences were analyzed using Duncan's method for multiple comparisons. Results are expressed as mean and standard error of the mean (SEM). P < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, and 0.05 ≤ P < 0.10 indicates a trend of improvement or decrease. The specific results and analysis are as follows:

[0074] (1) As shown in Table 2, the mortality rate of broiler chickens in the SS and LNSe groups decreased compared with the CON and SM groups (P = 0.077). No mortality occurred in broiler chickens treated with LNSe, indicating that LNSe can improve the health of broiler chickens and reduce mortality.

[0075] Table 2 Effects of different treatment groups on the growth performance of broiler chickens (1 to 56 days old)

[0076]

[0077] (2) As shown in Table 3, compared with the SS group, the T-SOD activity in the breast muscle of the LNSe group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). At the same time, the GSH-Px activity in the breast muscle of the LNSe group was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P < 0.05). GSH-Px activity is closely related to selenium levels, indicating that after LNSe enters the body of broilers, it can be enriched in their breast muscle and can significantly improve the antioxidant level of breast muscle.

[0078] Table 3 Effects of different treatment groups on antioxidant indexes of broiler breast muscle

[0079]

[0080] (3) As shown in Table 4, in the serum, the selenium and zinc contents of the LNSe group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05), and the copper and manganese contents of the LNSe group were significantly higher than those of the CON and SM groups (P<0.05), indicating that nano-selenium coated with a phospholipid bilayer can be better absorbed by broilers and can also promote the absorption of trace elements such as copper, manganese, and zinc in broilers. In the breast muscle, the copper and zinc contents of the LNSe group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05), and the manganese content of the LNSe group was significantly higher than that of the SS group (P<0.05), indicating that LNSe can promote the deposition of copper and zinc in the breast muscle of broilers. The manganese content of breast muscle in the uncoated sodium selenite was reduced, while the coated nano-selenium restored the manganese content in the breast muscle to normal levels. In the leg muscle, the manganese content of the LNSe group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05), indicating that LNSe can not only increase the manganese deposition in the breast muscle of broilers, but also promote the deposition of manganese in the leg muscle of broilers.

[0081] Table 4 Effects of different treatments on trace elements in serum and muscle of broiler chickens

[0082]

[0083] (4) As shown in Table 5, regarding the content of stearic acid in the breast muscle, the LNSe group was significantly lower than the SS group and the SM group (P<0.05); regarding the content of octanoic acid, the LNSe group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05); for palmitic acid, although there was no significant difference between the LNSe group and the other groups (P=0.095), the palmitic acid content of the LNSe group was the lowest among all the groups; in addition, the total saturated fatty acid content in the breast muscle of the LNSe group was the lowest, and there was a trend of decrease compared with the other groups (P=0.074). The above results indicate that LNSe has the effect of reducing the saturated fatty acid content in the breast muscle of broiler chickens, and the chicken breast produced by adding the LNSe described in the present invention to the feed for feeding is more suitable for people who need to control blood lipids and prevent chronic diseases.

[0084] Table 5 Effects of different treatment groups on the fatty acid composition of broiler breast muscle

[0085]

[0086] According to Tables 3 to 5, LNSe has the effects of improving the antioxidant performance of breast muscle, reducing the saturated fatty acid content of breast muscle, and increasing the trace element levels of breast muscle and leg muscle. It can improve the nutritional composition of broiler muscle, optimize the nutritional structure, and thus improve the quality of chicken.

[0087] (5) As shown in Table 6, compared with the CON group, the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the ileal mucosa of the SS group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly decreased (P<0.05), indicating that the addition of sodium selenite can enhance the immune function of the ileal mucosa of broiler chickens. In addition, the ileal sIgA content of the LNSe group was significantly higher than that of the CON group (P<0.05), the IL-10 level was also higher than that of the CON group, and the TNF-α level was slightly lower than that of the CON group, indicating that LNSe also has similar effects to SS. The above results indicate that the phospholipid bilayer does not have a significant impact on the efficacy of sodium selenite itself.

[0088] Table 6 Effects of different treatment groups on ileal immune factor levels in broiler chickens

[0089]

[0090] (6) Figure 1-2As shown in the results, although the cecal microbial diversity of broiler chickens treated with different selenium sources was not affected, the cecal microbial flora structure of broiler chickens treated with LNSe showed significant changes. Compared with the CON group, the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Colidextribacter, and Slackia, which are related to the production of short fatty acids, increased in the LNSe group (see references 1-3), while the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Erysipelatoclostridium decreased ( Figure 1 ), the abundance of Bacteroides was significantly negatively correlated with the content of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid in the intestinal chyme (see reference 4). In addition, LEfSe analysis showed that Parabacteroides, Colidextribacter, Tannerellaceae, and unclassified_f_Peptococcaceae were significantly enriched in the LNSe group compared with the CON group, indicating that LNSe has the effect of optimizing the intestinal flora structure of broiler chickens.

[0091] Document 1: Wu Z, Zhang L, Li H, et al. Ningxiang pig-derived Parabacteroides distasonis HNAU0205 alleviates ETEC-induced intestinal apoptosis, oxidativedamage, and inflammation in piglets[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(15):2156.

[0092] Document 2: Liu XX, Zhang YH, Li WH, et al. Fucoidan ameliorated dextransulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis by modulating gut microbiota andbile acid metabolism[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022, 70(47):14864-14876.

[0093] Literature 3: Kumaresan M, Harshita AR, Fysel AM, et al. Slackia exigua, anemerging anaerobic pathogen-isolation from a case of polymicrobialperitonitis and review of literature[J].IDCases,2024,37:e02008.

[0094] Document 4: Wu ZY, Li Y, Jiang M, et al. Selenium yeast alleviates dextransulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis in mice by reducing proinflammatorycytokines and regulating the gut microbiota and their metabolites[J]. Journal of Inflammation Research, 2024, 17: 2023-2037.

[0095] (7) As shown in Table 6 and Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2, the levels of acetate, propionate, and total short-chain fatty acids in the LNSe group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05), which was consistent with the significant increase in the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in the above microbiome ( Figure 1 ), further indicating that LNSe has the effect of improving the intestinal microbial structure of broiler chickens, promoting the production of beneficial metabolites short-chain fatty acids, and thus improving the intestinal health of broiler chickens.

[0096] Table 7 Effects of different treatment groups on the content of short-chain fatty acids in cecal digesta of broiler chickens

[0097]

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of nutritional feed additives.

2. Application of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of feed additives to improve poultry intestinal health.

3. Application of liposomal nanoselenium in the preparation of feed additives for improving poultry muscle quality.

4. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The liposome nano-selenium comprises an outer layer and an inner core, wherein the outer layer is at least one phospholipid bilayer, and the inner core is nano-selenium.

5. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The average particle size of the liposome nano-selenium is 120-240 nm.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The liposome nano-selenium is mainly prepared by the following method: mixing starch aqueous solution with phospholipid and selenium compound, adding reducing agent to react, drying and crushing to obtain liposome nano-selenium.

7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that Including at least one of the following (I) to (III): (I) the mass percentage of the starch aqueous solution is 1.72-9.09%; (II) the mass ratio of starch to reducing agent in the starch aqueous solution is starch: reducing agent = (1.75-10): (0.05-3); (III) The mass ratio of starch, phospholipid and selenium in the selenium compound in the starch aqueous solution is starch:phospholipid:selenium = (1.75-10): (0.1-4): (0.01-0.7).

8. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The reaction conditions are stirring at 10-15°C for 50-70 min.

9. Application of liposome nanoselenium in the preparation of selenium-containing nutritious feed.

10. A selenium-containing nutritional feed, characterized in that: Includes liposomal nanoselenium and basic feed.

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