Method for recovering antimony and separating marmatite from jamesonite and application of method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling antimony and separating marmatite from jamesonite and application of the method, and relates to the technical field of mineral separation. A proper gangue mineral inhibitor is selected to effectively inhibit the combination of marmatite in jamesonite and a collecting agent, and the gangue mineral inhibitor is added in the ore grinding process to increase the combination of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the marmatite; furthermore, a proper collecting agent is selected, so that the collecting agent can be coordinated with metal ions of jamesonite, the collecting capacity is high, targeted selectivity is achieved, and follow-up flotation is facilitated. Through the mixing process in the ore grinding and size mixing process, the acting time of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the collecting agent and the target mineral can be effectively prolonged, the selectivity of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the collecting agent is enhanced through cooperation of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the collecting agent, marmatite entering concentrate is reduced, and the recovery rate of antimony in the concentrate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, and in particular to a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead-antimony sulfide ore and separating sphalerite and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Brittle lead-antimony sulfide ore is an important source of antimony and lead in my country, primarily distributed within medium- and low-temperature hydrothermal polymetallic deposits in South, Southwest, and Northwest China. Examples include the lead-zinc mines in Nandan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Lengshuijiang City, Hunan Province; and Fankou, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province. Among these, the cassiterite-polymetallic lead-antimony-zinc sulfide ore in Guangxi Dachang, Nandan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, contains high-grade antimony, making it a significant global antimony supply base.

[0003] Since brittle lead antimony ore often coexists closely with sphalerite to form fine-grained dissemination, poor separation effect of the two is likely to occur during the separation and flotation process of brittle lead antimony ore and sphalerite, which leads to a decrease in the recovery rate of antimony from brittle lead antimony ore.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering antimony from brittle sulfide lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite and its application.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite, comprising grinding the raw ore and adding a gangue mineral inhibitor during the grinding process, adding a collector to perform slurry adjustment after the grinding is completed, flotation of the slurry obtained by slurry adjustment, and separation to obtain brittle lead antimony ore concentrate and sphalerite tailings.

[0007] The gangue mineral inhibitor includes at least one of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, artemisia clathrate gum, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetylpyridinium bromide and sodium lignin sulfonate.

[0008] The collector includes at least one of a quinone guanidine complex, benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, during the grinding process, the mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor to the raw ore is 1600-2000 g:1 t.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, in the raw ore, the lead grade is 0.15-0.35%, the antimony grade is 0.35-0.55%, and the zinc grade is 1.23-1.60%.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the grinding process includes adding water to the mineral powder to prepare a slurry, and the mass of the mineral powder in the slurry is 30-35%.

[0012] In the mineral powder obtained after grinding, the content of mineral powder with a particle size of -0.038mm accounts for 60~80% of the total mass of the mineral powder.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, slurry adjustment includes adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6-7, and then adding a collector and mixing evenly.

[0014] The mass ratio of the collector added during the slurry preparation process to the mass of the original ore is 200~450g:1t.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, flotation includes roughing the slurry after slurry adjustment to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings, and performing two rounds of cleaning on the roughing concentrate to obtain a fine II concentrate which is a brittle sulfur lead antimony ore concentrate; and performing two rounds of scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain a scavenging II tailing which is a sphalerite tailing.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes adding a collector, a gangue mineral inhibitor and a foaming agent to the ore pulp during the roughing process.

[0017] During the roughing process, the mass ratio of the added collector to the original ore is 100~200g:1t, the mass ratio of the added gangue mineral inhibitor to the original ore is 200~300g:1t, and the mass ratio of the added foaming agent to the original ore is 10~60g:1t.

[0018] The foaming agent includes at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the first concentration further includes adding a gangue mineral inhibitor to the ore slurry.

[0020] The mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor added during the first concentration to the original ore is 50~150g:1t.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the first sweeping process further includes adding a collector to the ore pulp.

[0022] The mass ratio of collector added to original ore during the first sweep is 20~50g:1t.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of a method as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments in improving the recovery rate of antimony in brittle lead antimony ore and / or increasing the separation amount of sphalerite in brittle lead antimony ore.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for recovering antimony and separating sphalerite from brittle lead antimony ore and its application. By selecting a suitable gangue mineral inhibitor, it can effectively inhibit the sphalerite in the brittle lead antimony ore from binding with a collector. By adding the gangue mineral inhibitor during the grinding process, the binding of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the sphalerite is increased. Furthermore, by selecting a suitable collector, it can form a coordination with the metal ions of the brittle lead antimony ore, with strong capture ability and targeted selectivity, which is beneficial for subsequent flotation. Through the mixing process during the grinding and slurrying process, the action time of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the collector with the target mineral can be effectively increased. The two synergistically enhance the selectivity of the gangue mineral inhibitor and the collector, reduce the sphalerite from entering the concentrate, and improve the recovery rate of antimony in the concentrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of a method for recovering antimony from pyrite and separating sphalerite. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0028] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] After long-term research, the inventors found that the main reason why the antimony recovery rate is difficult to improve during the flotation separation of emery ore and sphalerite is that the collector has insufficient selectivity for emery ore.

[0030] First, the adsorption energy barriers of traditional xanthate collectors, such as butyl xanthate, for Pb-Sb-S minerals and Zn-Fe-S minerals differ only slightly. Under conventional pH conditions of 6-8, the thiol (-SH) groups of xanthate collectors readily form strong complexes with the Fe²⁺ sites in sphalerite, resulting in sphalerite competing for adsorption sites on the surface of antimony-bearing minerals. Furthermore, when the iron content in the slurry exceeds 3%, antimony recovery rates decrease by 12-15%.

[0031] Secondly, brittle lead antimony ore readily dissociates into Sb³⁺ during grinding. Its oxidation product, Sb2O5, easily forms a hydrophilic film on the mineral surface, hindering the bonding of collectors with Sb-S. Existing collectors lack functional groups specifically designed to break down this oxide layer. This leads to a sharp drop in antimony recovery by over 20% when the slurry potential exceeds 200 mV.

[0032] Furthermore, fine-grained brittle lead-sulfur antimony ore with a particle size less than 20 μm is more easily encapsulated by ore slime due to its large specific surface area. Conventional collectors, mostly containing C4-C6 hydrocarbon chains, have short chains and are unable to penetrate the ore slime barrier and reach the target mineral surface, resulting in fine-grained antimony losses as high as 30-40%.

[0033] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite. By screening the inhibitors and collectors used in the mineral processing process, the recovery rate of antimony in brittle lead antimony ore and the separation effect of sphalerite and brittle lead antimony ore are significantly improved. The specific scheme is as follows.

[0034] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite, comprising grinding the raw ore and adding a gangue mineral inhibitor during the grinding process, adding a collector to perform slurry adjustment after the grinding is completed, flotation of the slurry obtained by slurry adjustment, and separation to obtain brittle lead antimony ore concentrate and sphalerite tailings.

[0035] The gangue mineral inhibitor includes at least one of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, artemisia clathrate gum, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetylpyridinium bromide and sodium lignin sulfonate.

[0036] The collector includes at least one of a quinone guanidine complex, benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine.

[0037] By adding the gangue inhibitor during grinding and the collector during slurry preparation, intense mixing and agitation effectively increases the duration of interaction between the inhibitor and the target mineral, enhances the selectivity of the gangue inhibitor and collector, reduces the ingress of sphalerite into the concentrate, and improves the recovery rate of antimony in the concentrate. The collector selected in the present invention can form a coordination structure with the metal ions of the brittle lead antimonite, resulting in strong capture capacity and targeted selectivity, which facilitates subsequent flotation.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 The method for recovering antimony from brittle sulfide lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite comprises the following steps: S01, Grinding The raw ore is ground, water is added to the ore powder to make slurry, and gangue mineral inhibitors are added during the grinding process. After the grinding is completed, the slurry is sent to the slurry mixing process.

[0039] If the dosage of gangue mineral inhibitor is too low, it cannot play a good inhibitory role, which may easily lead to reduced selectivity of the collector and difficulty in separating sphalerite and marmatite; if the dosage of gangue mineral inhibitor is too high, it will lead to increased costs.

[0040] Therefore, in an optional embodiment, during the grinding process, the mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor to the original ore is 1600~2000g:1t. For example, the mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor to the original ore can be any ratio of 1600g:1t, 1700g:1t, 1800g:1t, 1900g:1t or 2000g:1t, or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the lead grade of the raw ore is 0.15-0.35%, the antimony grade is 0.35-0.55%, and the zinc grade is 1.23-1.60%. Raw ore with metal grades meeting the above ranges is more conducive to the separation of pyroxenite and sphalerite when the method provided by the present invention is used for ore dressing. However, the metal grades of the raw ore are not limited to the above ranges, and other raw ores containing pyroxenite and sphalerite can also be separated using the method provided by the present invention.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, in the mineral powder obtained after grinding, the content of mineral powder with a particle size of -0.038 mm accounts for 60% to 80% of the total mass of the mineral powder, that is, the mineral powder with a particle size of less than 0.038 mm in the mineral powder accounts for 60% to 80% of the total mass of the mineral powder.

[0043] For example, mineral powder with a particle size less than 0.038 mm can account for any value of 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78% or 80% of the total mass of the mineral powder, or a range value between any two values.

[0044] Preferably, after water is added to the mineral powder to prepare the slurry, the mass of the mineral powder in the slurry is 30-35%, for example, it can be any value among 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34% or 35%, or a range between any two values.

[0045] S02, slurry preparation In an optional embodiment, the slurry obtained by adding water after grinding is slurried, the pH of the slurry is adjusted to 6-7, and then a collector is added and mixed evenly.

[0046] The mass ratio of the collector added in the slurry mixing process to the mass ratio of the original ore is 200~450g:1t. For example, the mass ratio of the collector added in the slurry mixing process to the mass ratio of the original ore can be any ratio of 200g:1t, 250g:1t, 300g:1t, 350g:1t, 400g:1t or 450g:1t, or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0047] Preferably, the agent for adjusting the pH of the slurry includes at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or lime.

[0048] Preferably, the mixing time after adding the collector is 6 to 10 minutes, for example, it can be any value among 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes, 9 minutes or 10 minutes, or a range value between any two values.

[0049] Through the rapid shearing and stirring in the slurry mixing process, its strong mechanical stirring and strong turbulent stirring of the fluid are conducive to the adsorption of the collector on the surface of the target mineral. The gangue mineral inhibitor added first is fully mixed and selectively adsorbed in the slurry, and then the collector is added and stirred. The collector is used to form coordination with the metal ions in the brittle sulfur lead antimony ore to collect the brittle sulfur lead antimony ore. The recovery of brittle sulfur lead antimony ore is difficult mainly because its antimony is an oxide ore with a high density. The traditional collector has poor capture performance and the antimony ore is easily lost in the tailings. By selecting the above-mentioned collector and gangue mineral inhibitor, the recovery rate of antimony can be significantly improved.

[0050] S03, Flotation In an optional embodiment, flotation includes roughing the slurry after slurry adjustment to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings, and performing two rounds of cleaning on the roughing concentrate to obtain a fine II concentrate which is a brittle sulfur lead antimony ore concentrate; and performing two rounds of scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain a scavenging II tailing which is a sphalerite tailing.

[0051] S031, rough selection In an optional embodiment, the roughing process further includes adding a collector, a gangue mineral inhibitor and a foaming agent into the ore pulp for roughing to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0052] During the roughing process, the mass ratio of the added collector to the raw ore is 100~200g:1t, for example, it can be any ratio of 100g:1t, 120g:1t, 140g:1t, 160g:1t, 180g:1t or 200g:1t or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0053] During the roughing process, the mass ratio of the added gangue mineral inhibitor to the original ore is 200~300g:1t, for example, it can be any ratio of 200g:1t, 220g:1t, 240g:1t, 260g:1t, 280g:1t or 300g:1t, or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0054] During the roughing process, the mass ratio of the added foaming agent to the raw ore is 10~60g:1t, for example, it can be any ratio of 10g:1t, 20g:1t, 30g:1t, 40g:1t, 50g:1t or 60g:1t or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0055] The foaming agent includes at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol.

[0056] S032, Selected The roughing concentrate in step S031 is subjected to two rounds of concentrating. The raw material for the second round of concentrating is the concentrate separated in the first round of concentrating, i.e., the concentrate I. The concentrate I is subjected to a second round of concentrating to obtain the concentrate II, which is the brittle sulfide lead antimony ore concentrate.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the first concentration further includes adding a gangue mineral inhibitor to the ore pulp to prevent sphalerite from entering the concentrate II.

[0058] The mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor added during the first concentration to the original ore is 50 to 150 g:1 t. For example, the mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor added during the first concentration to the original ore can be any ratio of 50 g:1 t, 70 g:1 t, 90 g:1 t, 110 g:1 t, 130 g:1 t, or 150 g:1 t, or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0059] S033, Scan and Select The roughing tailings of step S031 are scavenged twice, and the raw material for the second scavenging is the tailings separated in the first scavenging, i.e., the scavenging I tailings. The scavenging I tailings are scavenged for the second time, and the scavenging II tailings obtained are sphalerite tailings.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the first sweeping process further includes adding a collector to the slurry to absorb and recover a small amount of brittle lead antimony ore in the slurry, thereby improving the recovery rate of antimony.

[0061] The mass ratio of the collector added in the first sweep to the raw ore is 20-50 g:1 t. For example, the mass ratio of the collector added in the first sweep to the raw ore can be any ratio of 20 g:1 t, 25 g:1 t, 30 g:1 t, 35 g:1 t, 40 g:1 t, 45 g:1 t or 50 g:1 t, or a ratio range consisting of any two ratios.

[0062] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of a method as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments in improving the recovery rate of antimony in brittle lead antimony ore and / or increasing the separation amount of sphalerite in brittle lead antimony ore.

[0063] Example 1 This example provides a method for recovering antimony and separating sphalerite from brittle lead antimony ore, wherein the raw ore is tin tailings from a tin-shaking polymetallic lead (antimony) mine in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Phase analysis shows that it is mainly composed of brittle lead antimony ore and sphalerite, and the gangue minerals are quartz, fluorite and calcite. For specific processing steps, please refer to Figure 1 and the following steps: S01, Grinding The raw ore is ground, and water is added to adjust the slurry to 33% by mass of the mineral powder in the slurry. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is added as a gangue mineral inhibitor during the grinding process, and the mass ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the raw ore is 2000g:1t.

[0064] After grinding, the ore powder with a particle size of less than 0.038 mm in the slurry accounts for 63% of the total mass of the ore powder, with a lead grade of 0.35%, an antimony grade of 0.35%, and a zinc grade of 1.03%.

[0065] S02, slurry preparation The pH of the ore pulp was adjusted to 6 with lime, and then a quinone-guanidine disproportionate complex was added as a collector and mixed for 10 minutes. The mass ratio of the quinone-guanidine disproportionate complex to the original ore was 450g:1t.

[0066] S03, Flotation S031, rough selection The slurry obtained by slurry adjustment in step S02 is fed into the flotation machine chamber by a sand pump for a roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0067] The roughing process also includes adding quinone guanidine disproportionate complex as a collector, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and pine oil as a foaming agent into the ore pulp.

[0068] The mass ratio of the quinone guanidine disproportionate complex to the original ore is 200 g:1 t; the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the original ore is 300 g:1 t; and the mass ratio of the pine oil to the original ore is 60 g:1 t.

[0069] S032, Selected The rougher concentrate obtained in step S031 is subjected to two rounds of concentrating. The raw material for the second round of concentrating is the concentrate separated in the first round of concentrating, i.e., the concentrate I. The concentrate I is subjected to a second round of concentrating to obtain the concentrate II, which is the brittle lead antimony ore concentrate.

[0070] During the first concentration, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to the ore pulp as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the added hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the original ore was 120g:1t.

[0071] S033, Scan and Select The roughing tailings of step S031 are scavenged twice, and the raw material for the second scavenging is the tailings separated in the first scavenging, i.e., the scavenging I tailings. The scavenging I tailings are scavenged for the second time, and the scavenging II tailings obtained are sphalerite tailings.

[0072] During the first sweep, quinone guanidine disproportionate complex was added to the ore pulp as a collector, and the mass ratio of the added quinone guanidine disproportionate complex to the original ore was 50 g:1 t.

[0073] Example 2 This example provides a method for recovering antimony and separating sphalerite from pyroxenite. The raw ore is pyroxenite and sphalerite from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Phase analysis shows that pyroxenite and sphalerite are the main minerals, and the gangue minerals are quartz, fluorite, etc. The specific processing steps are as follows: S01, Grinding The raw ore was ground, and water was added to adjust the slurry to 35% by mass of the mineral powder in the slurry. During the grinding process, Artemisia selengensis glue was added as a gangue mineral inhibitor. The mass ratio of Artemisia selengensis glue to the raw ore was 2930g:1t.

[0074] After grinding, the ore powder with a particle size of less than 0.038 mm in the slurry accounts for 69% of the total mass of the ore powder, with a lead grade of 0.35%, an antimony grade of 0.35%, and a zinc grade of 1.03%.

[0075] S02, slurry preparation The pH of the ore pulp was adjusted to 7 with lime, and then benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid was added as a collector and mixed for 6 minutes. The mass ratio of benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid to the original ore was 380g:1t.

[0076] S03, Flotation S031, rough selection The slurry obtained by slurry adjustment in step S02 is fed into the flotation machine chamber by a sand pump for a roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0077] The roughing process also includes adding benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid as a collector, artemisia clathrate as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and methyl isobutyl carbinol as a foaming agent into the ore pulp.

[0078] Among them, the mass ratio of benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid to the mass of the original ore is 160g:1t; the mass ratio of artemisia clathrate glue to the mass of the original ore is 300g:1t; and the mass ratio of methyl isobutyl carbinol to the mass of the original ore is 15g:1t.

[0079] S032, Selected The rougher concentrate obtained in step S031 is subjected to two rounds of concentrating. The raw material for the second round of concentrating is the concentrate separated in the first round of concentrating, i.e., the concentrate I. The concentrate I is subjected to a second round of concentrating to obtain the concentrate II, which is the brittle lead antimony ore concentrate.

[0080] During the first concentration, Artemisia clathrate gum was added to the slurry as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the added hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the original ore was 80g:1t.

[0081] S033, Scan and Select The roughing tailings of step S031 are scavenged twice, and the raw material for the second scavenging is the tailings separated in the first scavenging, i.e., the scavenging I tailings. The scavenging I tailings are scavenged for the second time, and the scavenging II tailings obtained are sphalerite tailings.

[0082] During the first sweep, benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid was added to the ore pulp as a collector, and the mass ratio of the added benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid to the original ore was 35g:1t.

[0083] Example 3 This example provides a method for recovering antimony and separating sphalerite from brittle lead antimony ore. The raw ore is cassiterite heavy-flotation tailings from a tin-polymetallic (antimony) lead-zinc mine in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The tailings have a lead grade of 0.35%, an antimony grade of 0.35%, and a zinc grade of 1.03%. Phase analysis shows that brittle lead antimony ore and sphalerite are the main minerals, and gangue minerals include quartz and fluorite. The specific processing steps are as follows: S01, Grinding The raw ore was ground, and water was added to adjust the slurry to 30% by mass of the mineral powder in the slurry. During the grinding process, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin was added as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and the mass ratio of sulfomethylated sulfate lignin to the raw ore was 1650g:1t.

[0084] After grinding, the mineral powder with particle size less than 0.038mm in the slurry accounts for 74% of the total mass of the mineral powder.

[0085] S02, slurry preparation The pH of the ore pulp was adjusted to 7 with lime, and then dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine was added as a collector and mixed for 9 minutes. The mass ratio of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine to the original ore was 200g:1t.

[0086] S03, Flotation S031, rough selection The slurry obtained by slurry adjustment in step S02 is fed into the flotation machine chamber by a sand pump for a roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0087] The roughing process also includes adding isopropylamine dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a collector, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and No. 2 oil as a foaming agent into the ore pulp.

[0088] Among them, the mass ratio of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine to the mass ratio of the original ore is 100g:1t; the mass ratio of sulfomethylated sulfate lignin to the mass ratio of the original ore is 200g:1t; the mass ratio of No. 2 oil to the mass ratio of the original ore is 10g:1t.

[0089] S032, Selected The rougher concentrate obtained in step S031 is subjected to two rounds of concentrating. The raw material for the second round of concentrating is the concentrate separated in the first round of concentrating, i.e., the concentrate I. The concentrate I is subjected to a second round of concentrating to obtain the concentrate II, which is the brittle lead antimony ore concentrate.

[0090] During the first concentration, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin is added to the pulp as a gangue mineral inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the added sulfomethylated sulfate lignin to the original ore is 50g:1t.

[0091] S033, Scan and Select The roughing tailings of step S031 are scavenged twice, and the raw material for the second scavenging is the tailings separated in the first scavenging, i.e., the scavenging I tailings. The scavenging I tailings are scavenged for the second time, and the scavenging II tailings obtained are sphalerite tailings.

[0092] During the first sweep, isopropylamine dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to the ore pulp as a collector, and the mass ratio of the added quinone guanidine disproportionate complex to the original ore was 20 g:1 t.

[0093] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for recovering antimony from pyrite and separating sphalerite. The ore and steps are the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that the gangue mineral inhibitor is replaced by carboxymethyl cellulose instead of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

[0094] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a method for recovering antimony from pyrite and separating sphalerite. The ore and steps are the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that caustic starch is used instead of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the gangue mineral inhibitor.

[0095] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite. The ore and steps are the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that the collector is xanthate.

[0096] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite. The raw ore and steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the quinone guanidine disproportionate complex to the raw ore is 100 g:1 t; the mass ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the raw ore is 300 g:1 t; and the mass ratio of pine oil to the raw ore is 60 g:1 t.

[0097] Test Example 1 The refined II concentrate (brittle sulfur lead antimony ore concentrate) and swept II tailings (iron blende tailings) separated by the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested respectively, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0098] Table 1 Parameters of brittle lead antimony ore concentrate and sphalerite tailings

[0099] As shown in Table 1, the methods provided by the present invention significantly improve antimony recovery. A comparison of the parameters in Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 1 demonstrates the synergistic effect of the gangue mineral inhibitor and collector selected in the present invention on improving antimony recovery. In Comparative Examples 1-3, changes in the raw materials for the gangue mineral inhibitor or collector all resulted in antimony losses. In Comparative Example 4, the altered reagent ratio weakened the synergistic effect between the reagents, which selectively adsorbed the target mineral, resulting in a significant reduction in antimony recovery.

[0100] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering antimony from brittle lead antimony ore and separating sphalerite, characterized in that: The process includes grinding the raw ore, adding a gangue mineral inhibitor during the grinding process, adding a collector to adjust the slurry after the grinding is completed, flotation of the slurry obtained by the adjustment, and separation to obtain the brittle lead antimony sulfide concentrate and the sphalerite tailings; The gangue mineral inhibitor includes at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, artemisia clachia gum, sulfomethylated sulfate lignin, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetylpyridinium bromide and sodium lignin sulfonate; The collector includes at least one of a quinone guanidine complex, benzenesulfonyl hydroxamic acid and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid isopropanolamine.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that During the grinding process, the mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor to the raw ore is 1600-2000 g:1 t.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the raw ore, the lead grade is 0.15-0.35%, the antimony grade is 0.35-0.55%, and the zinc grade is 1.23-1.60%.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The grinding process involves adding water to the ore powder to prepare a slurry, with the ore powder in the slurry being 30-35% by weight; In the mineral powder obtained after grinding, the content of mineral powder with a particle size of -0.038mm accounts for 60~80% of the total mass of the mineral powder.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Slurry adjustment includes adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6-7, and then adding the collector and mixing evenly; The mass ratio of the collector added during the slurry preparation process to the mass of the raw ore is 200-450 g:1 t.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The flotation includes roughing the pulp after slurry adjustment to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings, performing two rounds of cleaning on the roughing concentrate to obtain the fine II concentrate, which is the brittle sulfur lead antimony ore concentrate; and performing two rounds of scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain the scavenging II tailings, which is the sphalerite tailings.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method further comprises adding the collector, the gangue mineral inhibitor and the foaming agent into the ore pulp during the roughing process; During the roughing process, the mass ratio of the added collector to the raw ore is 100-200 g:1 t, the mass ratio of the added gangue mineral inhibitor to the raw ore is 200-300 g:1 t, and the mass ratio of the added foaming agent to the raw ore is 10-60 g:1 t; The foaming agent includes at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that During the first concentration, the gangue mineral inhibitor is added to the ore pulp; The mass ratio of the gangue mineral inhibitor added during the first concentration to the raw ore is 50-150 g:1 t.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that During the first sweeping process, the collector is added to the ore pulp; The mass ratio of the collector added during the first sweep to the raw ore is 20-50 g:1 t.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for improving the recovery rate of antimony in brittle lead antimony ore and / or improving the separation amount of sphalerite in brittle lead antimony ore.

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