All-optical logic operation system and operation method based on metasurface device

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-optical logic operation system and operation method based on a metasurface device, and mainly solves the technical problems that an existing optical logic gate is high in system complexity, not visual enough in judgment result, high in recognition difficulty, poor in practicability and the like. The logic operation system comprises a polaroid, an object plane, a metasurface device and a detector which are arranged in sequence. The polarizer is used for adjusting the polarization direction of incident light; a plurality of transparent target areas with different shapes are arranged on the object plane and are used for placing corresponding target images; the centers of all the target areas are uniformly distributed on a circle with the center of the object plane as the circle center and d as the radius; incident light reaches the metasurface device after passing through the polaroid and a target image on the object plane, optical logic operation is carried out through the metasurface device, and then the incident light is output to the detector for imaging. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, quick function switching, miniaturization, high integration and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to optical logic operations, and in particular to an all-optical logic operation system and operation method based on a metasurface device. Background Art

[0002] Electronic logic operation systems are characterized by fast processing speed, low crosstalk, and high throughput. However, with the rapid growth of information processing needs, traditional electronic logic operation systems are gradually experiencing bottlenecks in power consumption, parallel processing capabilities, and storage-computing integration. As an important component of optical digital computing, optical logic operation systems lay the foundation for the realization of optical computers and optical quantum computers. Compared with traditional electronic logic operation systems, optical digital computing using optical logic operation systems offers advantages such as low power consumption, high speed, high parallelism, high degrees of freedom, and no need for heat dissipation. These systems not only overcome the high energy consumption and poor parallelism of electronic logic operation systems, but also retain their high precision and versatility, thus possessing significant research significance and application potential.

[0003] Existing optical logic operation systems primarily rely on electrically controlled light mechanisms, which are inherently limited by electronic control systems and cannot fully exploit the unique advantages of all-optical logic operation systems in high-speed parallel processing. Therefore, developing all-optical logic operation systems based on "light-controlled light" has become a more efficient and promising solution. All-optical logic operation systems can be implemented through a variety of physical mechanisms, including nonlinear optical effects, semiconductor optical amplifiers, on-chip waveguide devices, and the recently popular metasurface devices.

[0004] Metasurface devices, composed of arrays of subwavelength-scale nanostructures, are capable of locally controlling the phase, amplitude, and polarization state of incident light. With their exceptional light field manipulation capabilities and structural design flexibility, metasurface devices can replace traditional optical components (such as lenses and beam splitters), significantly reducing the size of optical logic systems while enabling optical computing functions. This aligns with the current trend toward miniaturization and integration of optical platforms. Therefore, metasurface devices offer a high degree of flexibility and versatility in the design of optical computers. Optical computing devices based on diverse principles and architectures can be implemented using metasurface devices of varying materials, shapes, and sizes, enabling the realization of various mathematical operations such as logic operations, integration, and differentiation.

[0005] For example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN111045274A discloses an optical logic gate based on a metasurface. Incident light passes through a polarizer, a metasurface, and an analyzer before exiting. The polarization directions of the polarizer and analyzer serve as the logic gate's inputs, and the intensity of the exiting light serves as the logic gate's output. This optical logic gate requires precise setting of the polarization directions of the polarizer and analyzer as logic inputs, but in practice, even small polarization errors can lead to operational errors. Furthermore, once the polarization direction is determined, precise calibration is required, increasing the complexity of the system. Furthermore, the optical logic gate uses the exiting light intensity as its logic output, making the judgment result less intuitive.

[0006] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117970634A discloses a method, device, medium, and product for designing an all-optical controllable logic gate based on a superlens. The method uses multiple superlenses as optical input ends to construct an all-optical controllable logic gate. The method utilizes the optical interference effect to focus the outgoing light of the same phase or opposite phase through the superlens to the transmission focus. The light intensity at the transmission focus is then detected and compared with the threshold value to determine its logical state. For example, by controlling the light input of two in-phase ends, a logical "AND" operation can be achieved; by controlling the light input of two in-phase ends and one in-phase end, a logical "XOR" operation can be achieved. However, this method requires multiple superlenses to achieve logical operations, and the operation results need to be judged in combination with the comparison result of the light intensity at the transmission focus and the threshold value, which increases the difficulty of recognition and reduces the speed of logical operations.

[0007] For example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN118378677A discloses a dual-polarization multiplexed electromagnetic metasurface logic operator. This device achieves logical operations by varying the incident wave entering the dual-polarization metasurface to obtain different focal points, which represent different computational results. This allows for applications such as electromagnetic wave diffraction calculations. However, this method of performing logical operations based on focal points still requires detecting the focal point's position, making it impossible to intuitively display the logical operation results, thus limiting its practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of existing optical logic gates, such as high system complexity, unintuitive judgment results, great difficulty in identification, and poor practicality, and to provide an all-optical logic operation system and operation method based on metasurface devices.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are: An all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device is special in that it includes a polarizer, an object plane, a metasurface device, and a detector arranged in sequence; The polarizer is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident light; The object plane is provided with a plurality of transparent target areas of different shapes for placing corresponding target images; the centers of all target areas are distributed on a circle with the center of the object plane as the center and d as the radius, wherein, , P is the period of the metasurface device, f is the focal length of the metasurface device, is the wavelength of the incident light; the incident light passes through the polarizer and the target image on the object plane before reaching the metasurface device; The metasurface device is used to perform optical logic operations on incident light passing through a target image and output the light to a detector, which is used to realize imaging of the target image.

[0010] Furthermore, the metasurface device is periodic, comprising a substrate and a plurality of nanopillars arranged on the substrate and arranged in an array; the side of the substrate away from the nanopillars is connected to the detection surface of the detector and is adapted to the size of the detection surface; the plurality of nanopillars are arranged on the substrate according to the metasurface transmission phase principle, and are used to provide corresponding target phases to realize all-optical logic operations.

[0011] Furthermore, the phase delay of the metasurface device Determined by:

[0012] Where, represents the transmission phase of the metasurface device, and the transmission phase covers 0~2π, n eff is the effective refractive index of the metasurface device, H1 is the height of the nanopillar, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light.

[0013] Furthermore, the arrangement of the nanopillars is represented by the phase distribution function of the metasurface device, namely:

[0014]

[0015] in, Indicates the target phase when the incident light is X-polarized light, represents the target phase when the incident light is Y-polarized light, (x,y) represents the position coordinates of the metasurface device; v represents the frequency of the metasurface device; j represents the imaginary unit; k represents the wave number of the incident light wavelength; 2f represents the double focal length of the metasurface device, which refers to the distance between the object plane and the end of the nanopillar away from the substrate.

[0016] Furthermore, the substrate is made of silicon dioxide, and the nanorods are made of silicon nitride.

[0017] Furthermore, there are two target areas, each used to place a target image, one of which is an image to be identified or detected, and the other is a comparison image. The centers of the two are located on both sides of the center of the object plane and are on the same straight line as the center of the object plane.

[0018] At the same time, the present invention also provides an all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the aforementioned all-optical logic operation system based on metasurface devices and place the target image on the corresponding target area on the object plane; Step 2: Adjusting the polarization direction of the incident light through a polarizer, so that the incident light passes through the polarizer and the target image on the object plane in sequence before reaching the metasurface device; the polarization directions include X polarization and Y polarization; Step 3: Perform optical logic operations on the incident light passing through the target image through the metasurface device and output it to the detector for imaging, thereby realizing all-optical logic operations based on the metasurface device.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 2, the light field of the incident light after passing through the target image on the object plane and reaching the metasurface device is for:

[0020] Where, Represents the light field when the incident light reaches the object plane; represents the position coordinates of the corresponding target image on the object plane; (x, y) represents the position coordinates of the metasurface device; j represents the imaginary unit; λ represents the wavelength of the incident light; k represents the wave number of the incident light wavelength; 2f represents the double focal length of the metasurface device, which refers to the distance between the object plane and the end of the nanopillar away from the substrate.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 3, the optical logic operation is an AND operation or an XOR operation. When the incident light is X-polarized light, an AND operation is performed; when the incident light is Y-polarized light, an XOR operation is performed.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the light field on the imaging surface of the detector Expressed as:

[0023] Where, represents the corresponding target phase, Indicates the position coordinates of the target image on the imaging surface of the detector.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device proposed in this invention comprises a polarizer, an object plane, a metasurface device, and a detector, arranged in sequence. The polarizer adjusts the polarization direction of incident light, the object plane carries a target image, and the metasurface device performs optical logic operations on incident light passing through the target image, outputting the output to the detector for imaging. This invention has a simple overall structure and incorporates a metasurface device with polarization multiplexing capabilities, enabling simultaneous logical AND and XOR operations without the need for physical switching. This system offers advantages such as rapid function switching, miniaturization, high integration, and multifunctional processing.

[0025] 2. The all-optical logic operation system based on metasurface devices proposed in this invention has an integrated function and can directly perform optical logic processing on any two images. The system does not require additional auxiliary optical elements (such as lenses) and can intuitively display the logic operation results on the imaging surface of the detector.

[0026] 3. The all-optical logic operation system based on metasurface devices proposed in the present invention can realize multi-channel simultaneous logic operations by designing an array-type nanopillar arrangement structure that produces specific logical function responses to incident light with different polarization states. This logic operation system has good application prospects in image recognition, difference detection, and medical image analysis.

[0027] 4. The all-optical logic operation method based on metasurface devices proposed in the present invention can detect the differences between multiple images, and can thus be applied in image recognition and detection of medical lesions.

[0028] 5. The all-optical logic operation method based on metasurface devices proposed in the present invention can output clear and discernible logical AND and XOR operation results, thereby facilitating the intuitive extraction of similarities and differences between multiple images. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the all-optical logic operation system based on metasurface devices of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the metasurface device in an embodiment of the all-optical logic operation system based on the metasurface device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 These are two phase distribution diagrams in an embodiment of the all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device of the present invention, wherein: (a) is the phase distribution diagram of an AND operation, and (b) is the phase distribution diagram of an XOR operation.

[0032] Figure 4 1. It is a diagram of optical logic operation and two operation results in an embodiment of the all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the XOR operation of an embodiment of the all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device in an image recognition application of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals are as follows: 1-object plane, 2-metasurface device, 21-substrate, 22-nanopillar, 3-detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objects, advantages and features of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device, comprising polarizers ( Figure 1 Not shown), object plane 1, metasurface device 2 and detector 3.

[0037] The polarizer is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident light, that is, to adjust the incident light to X-polarized light or Y-polarized light according to the calculation requirements.

[0038] In this embodiment, the object plane 1 is provided with two target areas of different shapes and transparency, one of which is triangular and the other is rectangular, which are used to place target images A and target images B of corresponding shapes respectively. Of course, the shapes of the target areas can also be designed accordingly according to actual needs. The distance between the centers of the two target areas and the center of the object plane 1 is d, and they are located on the same straight line as the center of the object plane 1. The coordinates of the two target images on the object plane 1 are defined as A(d,0) and B(-d,0), and the distance between their centers is 2d. , P is the period of the metasurface device 2; f is the focal length of the metasurface device 2; The purpose of this design is to ensure that after passing through the metasurface device 2, the two target images can interfere with each other, so that they overlap at the center position on the output plane of the metasurface device 2 and perform corresponding optical logic operations.

[0039] In this embodiment, a helium-neon laser is used to emit incident light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm. The incident light then passes through the polarizer and the target image on object plane 1 before arriving at metasurface device 2. Metasurface device 2 is used to perform optical logic operations on the incident light that has passed through the target image. The optical logic operations described herein are based on the polarization multiplexing characteristics of metasurface device 2, which performs spatial frequency filtering on the incident light that has passed through the target image, thereby implementing an AND operation or an XOR operation. The incident light modulated by metasurface device 2 continues to propagate and interfere, ultimately forming a logical operation result image on the imaging surface of detector 3, completing the imaging of the target image and enabling rapid extraction of similarities and differences between images.

[0040] The metasurface device 2 of this embodiment is periodic and comprises a transparent substrate 21 and a plurality of nanopillars 22 disposed on the substrate 21 and arranged in an array. In this embodiment, the substrate 21 is a rectangular thin sheet structure, and the nanopillars 22 are cubic structures with a cross-sectional length L and a width W. The side of the substrate 21 facing away from the nanopillars 22 is connected to the detection surface of the detector 3 and is adapted to the size of the detection surface. The plurality of nanopillars 22 are arranged on the substrate 21 according to the metasurface transmission phase principle to provide a corresponding target phase to implement optical logic operations.

[0041] Phase delay of metasurface device 2 Determined by:

[0042] Where, represents the transmission phase of the metasurface device 2; n eff is the effective refractive index of the metasurface device 2, which is determined by the length L and width W of the nanorod 22. By changing the length L and width W of the nanorod 22, the transmission phase can be adjusted. Covering 0~2π; represents the height of the nanorod 22, which is 700 nm in this embodiment, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light, which is 632.8 nm.

[0043] The arrangement of the nanorods 22 (i.e., the target phase) is represented by the phase distribution function of the metasurface device 2, namely:

[0044]

[0045] in, Indicates the target phase when the incident light is X-polarized light, represents the target phase when the incident light is Y-polarized; (x, y) represents the position coordinates of metasurface device 2; v represents the frequency of metasurface device 2; j represents the imaginary unit; k represents the wave number of the incident light wavelength; f represents the focal length of metasurface device 2, and 2f represents twice the focal length of metasurface device 2. This is a 2f system, meaning that the distance between the end of nanopillar 22 facing away from substrate 21 and object plane 1 is 2f, and the distance between the end and the detector is also 2f. The 2f system eliminates the need for additional optical components such as lenses, making the computational system more concise.

[0046] This embodiment uses the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method to model and simulate the metasurface device 2 based on the metasurface transmission phase principle. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the metasurface device 2, where P is the period of the metasurface device 2, H1 is the height of the nanopillar 22, and H2 is the thickness of the substrate 21. Taking the vertical incidence of the light beam as an example, during the FDTD simulation, the incident light has a phase delay after passing through the metasurface device 2. This phase delay is the phase accumulation achieved by the propagation of light in a microstructure with a high aspect ratio. After sampling and selection, this embodiment finally determined that the materials of the nanopillars 22 and the substrate 21 are silicon nitride and silicon dioxide, respectively, the period P is 350nm, and the thickness H1 is 700nm. Of course, the specific parameters can also be designed accordingly according to the time calculation requirements.

[0047] In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the nanorod 22 is scanned in the range of 0.2P~0.8P with a scanning interval of 1nm, thereby establishing the phase delay point by point. and the relationship between the length and width of the nanorods 22; and then arranging the two selected nanorods 22 with different lengths and widths according to the above phase distribution function to obtain a polarization multiplexing metasurface device 2.

[0048] In summary, for the cosine grating (i.e., metasurface device 2) used in this embodiment for the target phase required for logic operations, the different initial phases of the binary phase grating determine the metasurface's designed phase distribution for the operating wavelength channel. This means that a cosine grating with an initial phase of 0 can be used for an AND operation, while a cosine grating with an initial phase of π / 2 can be used for an XOR operation. Therefore, this embodiment utilizes the polarization multiplexing characteristics of metasurface device 2 to perform both AND and XOR operations.

[0049] The present invention does not require additional optical elements such as lenses, has a simple structure, and rapidly switches functions, significantly improving the versatility and practical usability of the logic operation system while simplifying the overall design and manufacturing process. As an all-optical logic operation system, the system is not only capable of performing multiple logic operations in parallel, but also has high-speed operation capabilities, making it suitable for application scenarios such as image recognition, image encryption, and medical image analysis. In addition, the metasurface device 2 is composed of a subwavelength-scale nanostructure array, which has the advantages of easy integration, miniaturization, and high flexibility. It is very consistent with the trend of contemporary optical platforms towards miniaturization and integration, making it an ideal basic platform for building the next generation of all-optical image processors.

[0050] This embodiment also provides an all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the all-optical logic operation system based on the metasurface device described in this embodiment, and place the target images in the corresponding target areas on the object plane 1.

[0051] Step 2: Adjust the polarization direction of the incident light through the polarizer, so that the incident light passes through the polarizer and the target image on the object plane 1 in sequence and reaches the metasurface device 2; the polarization direction includes X polarization and Y polarization.

[0052] According to Fresnel diffraction, the light field when the incident light passes through the target image on the object plane 1 and reaches the metasurface device 2 Expressed as:

[0053] Where, represents the light field when the incident light reaches object plane 1; Indicates the position coordinates of the corresponding target image on object plane 1.

[0054] Step 3: Perform an optical logic operation on the incident light passing through the target image through the metasurface device 2. The optical logic operation is an AND operation or an XOR operation. When the incident light is X-polarized light, the target phase is , and operation is performed at this time; when the incident light is Y polarized light, the target phase is At this time, an XOR operation is performed, and then imaging is completed by detector 3, thereby realizing all-optical logic operation based on metasurface devices.

[0055] Light field on the imaging surface of detector 3 The expression is:

[0056] Where, represents the corresponding target phase, i.e. or , Indicates the position coordinates of the target image on the imaging surface of detector 3.

[0057] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The phase distribution diagrams of the metasurface device 2 used for logical AND and XOR operations, as well as the corresponding optical logic operation result diagrams, are plotted respectively. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ability to perform all-optical logic operations on different input images through the metasurface device 2 can be intuitively demonstrated.

[0058] As one of the basic tasks in optical image processing, logical operations are widely used in detecting the differences between two images. They are particularly suitable for identifying lesion areas in medical images and for comparative analysis of images taken at different time periods. At the same time, in the field of image recognition, XOR operations are particularly common.

[0059] Figure 5 The XOR operation of the all-optical logic operation system based on the metasurface device in this embodiment is demonstrated in image recognition. The operation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the logic operation system of this embodiment in actual image processing tasks.

[0060] The present invention uses a monolithic metasurface device to achieve efficient all-optical logic operations. In the digital age, the speed requirements for image and data processing are getting higher and higher. Using electronic components to process information not only consumes a lot of time, but the processing speed can no longer be improved. Optical digital computing based on optical logic operation systems has the advantages of low power consumption, high speed, high parallelism, and high degree of freedom. It solves the shortcomings of electronic logic operation systems such as high power consumption, poor parallelism, and separate storage and calculation. At the same time, it maintains the advantages of high precision and versatility of electronic logic operation systems. It has important research and application value. All-optical logic operations based on light control are a more efficient method. As a two-dimensional metamaterial, metasurface has low energy consumption, is easy to manufacture, has the ability of optical computing, and can be used as an image processor.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein, and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device, characterized by: It includes a polarizer, an object plane (1), a metasurface device (2), and a detector (3) arranged in sequence; The polarizer is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident light; The object plane (1) is provided with a plurality of target areas of different shapes and transparency for placing corresponding target images; the centers of all target areas are distributed on a circle with the center of the object plane (1) as the center and d as the radius, wherein: , P is the period of the metasurface device (2), f is the focal length of the metasurface device (2), is the wavelength of the incident light; the incident light passes through the polarizer and the target image on the object plane (1) in sequence and reaches the metasurface device (2); The metasurface device (2) is used to perform optical logic operations on incident light passing through a target image and output the light to a detector (3); the detector (3) is used to realize imaging of the target image.

2. The all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface device (2) has periodicity and comprises a substrate (21) and a plurality of nanopillars (22) arranged on the substrate (21) and arranged in an array; a side of the substrate (21) away from the nanopillars (22) is connected to a detection surface of a detector (3) and is adapted to the size of the detection surface; the plurality of nanopillars (22) are arranged on the substrate (21) based on a metasurface transmission phase principle and are used to provide a corresponding target phase to realize an all-optical logic operation.

3. The all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Phase delay of the metasurface device (2) Determined by: ； Where, represents the transmission phase of the metasurface device (2), and the transmission phase covers 0~2π, n eff is the effective refractive index of the metasurface device (2), and H1 is the height of the nanopillar (22).

4. The all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arrangement of the nanopillars (22) is represented by the phase distribution function of the metasurface device (2), namely: ； ； in, Indicates the target phase when the incident light is X-polarized light, represents the target phase when the incident light is Y-polarized light, (x, y) represents the position coordinates of the metasurface device (2); v represents the frequency of the metasurface device (2); j represents the imaginary unit; k represents the wave number of the wavelength of the incident light; 2f represents the double focal length of the metasurface device (2), which refers to the distance between the object plane (1) and the end of the nanorod (22) away from the substrate (21).

5. The all-optical logic operation system based on metasurface devices according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the substrate (21) is silicon dioxide, and the material of the nanocolumns (22) is silicon nitride.

6. The all-optical logic operation system based on a metasurface device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: There are two target areas, each used to place a target image, one of which is an image to be identified or detected, and the other is a comparison image. The centers of the two are located on both sides of the center of the object plane (1) and are located on the same straight line as the center of the object plane (1).

7. An all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Assemble the all-optical logic operation system based on the metasurface device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and place the target image on the corresponding target area on the object plane (1); Step 2: adjusting the polarization direction of the incident light through a polarizer, so that the incident light sequentially passes through the polarizer and the target image on the object plane (1) before reaching the metasurface device (2); the polarization direction includes X polarization and Y polarization; Step 3: Perform optical logic operations on the incident light passing through the target image through the metasurface device (2) and output it to the detector (3) for imaging, thereby realizing all-optical logic operations based on the metasurface device.

8. The all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the light field when the incident light passes through the target image on the object plane (1) and reaches the metasurface device (2) for: ； Where, represents the light field when the incident light reaches the object plane (1); represents the position coordinates of the corresponding target image on the object plane (1); (x, y) represents the position coordinates of the metasurface device (2); j represents an imaginary unit; λ represents the wavelength of the incident light; k represents the wave number of the wavelength of the incident light; 2f represents the double focal length of the metasurface device (2), which refers to the distance between the object plane (1) and the end of the nanorod (22) away from the substrate (21).

9. The all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the optical logic operation is an AND operation or an XOR operation. When the incident light is X-polarized light, an AND operation is performed; when the incident light is Y-polarized light, an XOR operation is performed.

10. The all-optical logic operation method based on a metasurface device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, the light field on the imaging surface of the detector (3) Expressed as: ； Where, represents the corresponding target phase, Indicates the position coordinates of the target image on the imaging surface of the detector (3).

Images