Internal expansion sheath tube for bone tumor operation

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal expansion sheathing canal for a bone tumor operation, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. In order to solve the problems that the operation space is narrow, the operation is limited and the operation space is influenced by the traction of muscular tissues due to non-natural cavities such as muscles when a bone surface tumor is treated by the existing minimally invasive surgery technology, the following technical scheme is provided: the internal expansion sheathing canal for the bone tumor operation comprises a sheathing canal body, the sheathing canal body comprises an inner sheath and an outer sheath which are in threaded connection, and the inner sheath and the outer sheath rotate relatively to adjust the length of the sheathing canal body; a supporting piece is arranged at the end, away from the threads, of the inner sheath and comprises a plurality of supporting walls capable of being elastically deformed, and a locking end cover is arranged at the end, away from the supporting piece, of the outer sheath and used for locking and fixing an instrument inserted into the sheathing canal body. A stable operation space can be actively and minimally invasively established, the length is adjustable, locking is reliable, smoke can be prevented from overflowing through the sealing piece, and the safety and convenience of an operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an internal dilation sheath for bone tumor surgery. Background Art

[0002] Bone tumors are tumors that occur in bones or their appendages. They are a common clinical disease and can be divided into benign and malignant types. Benign bone tumors are easy to cure and have a good prognosis, while malignant bone tumors develop rapidly, have a poor prognosis, and a high mortality rate.

[0003] Traditional bone tumor resection often uses open surgery to remove tumor tissue with a curette and preserve the surrounding normal bone structure, but it is accompanied by problems such as large damage and slow recovery. In recent years, with the development of minimally invasive perforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy, people have tried to use minimally invasive perforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy for bone tumor resection and achieved good results. Usually, the incision for perforaminal endoscopic bone tumor resection is made by making a very small incision on the skin surface, dilating the wound with step-by-step dilation tubes, and performing surgical operations on the bone surface through the surgical channel established by the dilation tube. Through the establishment of this surgical channel, the surgical field of view can be extended deep into the wound, and surgical instruments and surgical imaging equipment can be placed into the wound through the surgical incision at the same time. However, perforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy is a single-channel surgery, and the single-channel surgery space is often small, the surgical operation is limited, and it cannot meet the requirements of the surgery.

[0004] Unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) is a minimally invasive spinal surgery technique that establishes observation and operation channels through two small incisions (usually approximately 1 cm each). Compared to transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy, it offers more flexible operating space and enables precise surgical procedures. However, these techniques are currently used exclusively in aqueous media. If water is consistently used as the operating medium, there is a risk of tumor spread and metastasis. After using the UBE system to create a soft tissue channel during spinal tumor resection, how to discard the aqueous medium is a pressing clinical challenge.

[0005] Endoscopic tubular musculoskeletal tumor surgery (ETMS) uses spinal endoscopy to construct an artificial channel. A soft tissue distraction system is then used to expand subcutaneous tissue, including muscle, to fully expose the surgical field for resection of spinal tumors. This eliminates the need for aqueous media during tumor resection, transforming a relative contraindication into an indication and enabling the rational application of spinal endoscopy for spinal tumors. However, bone tumor surgery often involves the surface of the bone, involving muscle and other tissues rather than natural cavities. This muscle traction can affect the surgical space. This invention aims to combine endoscopic tubular musculoskeletal tumor surgery with ETMS to provide a feasible solution for expanding the surgical space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery to solve the problems of existing minimally invasive surgical techniques in treating bone surface tumors, such as involving non-natural cavities such as muscles, resulting in a narrow surgical space, limited operation, and the traction of muscle tissue affecting the surgical space.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: An internal dilation sheath for bone tumor surgery includes a sheath body, which includes an inner sheath and an outer sheath connected by threads. The inner sheath and the outer sheath can adjust the length of the sheath body by relative rotation; a support member is provided at the end of the inner sheath away from the threads, and the support member includes a plurality of elastically deformable support walls; a locking end cap is provided at the end of the outer sheath away from the support member to lock and fix the instrument inserted into the sheath body.

[0008] Furthermore, a tapered guide is provided at one end of the outer sheath close to the support member.

[0009] Furthermore, the connection between the support wall and the inner sheath is curved.

[0010] Furthermore, the ends of the supporting walls are rounded.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing member is provided on the inner wall of the port of the inner sheath away from the support member.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer sheath is provided with anti-slip grooves near the locking end cover.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Actively create a stable space: To address the problem of unstable surgical space caused by muscle rebound in the background technology, the elastic support wall of the present invention can actively expand and offset tissue pressure, creating a stable and visual surgical space in the non-natural cavity.

[0014] 2. Expanding minimally invasive operation capabilities: Compared with the bottleneck of "small space and limited operation" of single-channel technology, the spacious space created by this invention, combined with its adjustable length and instrument locking function, significantly improves the freedom and accuracy of surgical operations.

[0015] 3. Reduced Trauma and Improved Safety: By effectively addressing the space constraints of minimally invasive surgery, some cases that previously required open surgery can now be performed minimally invasively, significantly reducing trauma. Furthermore, its sealed structure blocks surgical smoke, ensuring a clear surgical field and the health of medical staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 A half-section diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support wall storage of the present invention.

[0017] Figures 1 to 4 The reference numerals shown in the figure represent respectively: 1-sheath body, 2-support member, 3-locking end cap, 4-inner sheath, 5-outer sheath, 6-conical guide, 7-support wall, 8-seal member, 9-anti-slip groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 Refer to the attached Figures 1-3 , an internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery mainly includes a hollow sheath body 1, a support member 2 arranged at one end of the sheath body 1 and a locking end cover 3 arranged at the other end.

[0020] The structure of the sheath body 1 is a core element of this invention. Rather than a single tube, it consists of an inner sheath 4 and an outer sheath 5. The inner and outer sheaths 4 and 5 are connected by a threaded connection. This design allows the user to easily and precisely adjust the overall working length of the sheath body 1 by rotating the outer sheath 5, causing relative axial displacement between the inner and outer sheaths 4 and 5. This feature accommodates varying surgical depths and patient characteristics, allowing for both pre-set lengths based on diagnostic imaging and intraoperative fine-tuning.

[0021] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the support member 2 is arranged at the end of the inner sheath 4 away from the threaded connection. The support member 2 is a key structure for realizing the expansion of the internal space, and it includes a plurality of support walls 7. Each support wall 7 is designed to be in a curved transition shape at the connection with the inner sheath 4, and this structure gives the support wall 7 good elasticity. During the insertion process, the support wall 7 can be compressed inward by an external force such as an expansion tube; when the external force is removed, the support wall 7 relies on its own elastic recovery force to open outward, thereby stretching out the soft tissues such as muscles around the lesion to form a stable and visual surgical operation space. In order to reduce damage to the tissue during the expansion and support process, the end of each support wall 7 has been chamfered to make its surface smooth, avoiding cutting or scratching of the tissue by sharp edges.

[0022] A tapered guide 6 is located at the end of the outer sheath 5 closest to the support 2, where the sheath enters the tissue during expansion and contraction. This tapered guide 6 allows the outer sheath 5 to be rotated to adjust its length, allowing its tapered surface to smoothly push aside surrounding tissue, reducing resistance and potential damage to the sheath during expansion and contraction within the tissue.

[0023] At the operating end of the sheath body 1, the end of the outer sheath 5 is provided with a locking end cap 3. In this embodiment, the locking end cap 3 is connected to the outer sheath 5 by means of threads or other means. After an endoscope or surgical instrument such as a shaver or electrode is inserted into the sheath body 1 through this port, the locking end cap 3 can be tightened. The internal contraction structure of the locking end cap 3 clamps and locks the instrument, ensuring the stability of the instrument during surgery and preventing it from accidentally sliding or rotating.

[0024] Furthermore, this embodiment includes a seal 8, in this embodiment an O-ring, disposed on the inner wall of the port of the inner sheath 4 near the locking end cap 3. This seal 8 tightly fits the instrument shaft after insertion, effectively preventing smoke generated by active instruments such as electrosurgical and plasma scalpels from escaping the sheath channel, thus protecting medical personnel in the operating room from harmful smoke.

[0025] The outer surface of the outer sheath 5, near the locking end cap 3, is provided with anti-slip grooves 9. The knurled or grooved structure can be selected. The anti-slip grooves 9 increase the friction of the hand, making it less likely for the operator to slip when holding and rotating the adjusting sheath, and the operation is more stable.

[0026] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows: First, before the operation, the depth of the lesion is determined based on the patient's CT, MRI and other imaging data, and the outer sheath 5 is rotated in advance to adjust the expansion sheath to the appropriate length. Then, a routine surgical incision is established, and a step-by-step expansion tube is used to gradually expand the incision and deep tissue channel to a predetermined diameter. The support wall 7 of the expansion sheath is manually or with a tool to be retracted inward, or the expansion sheath is directly placed in the last-stage expansion tube. The expansion sheath is inserted along the expansion tube until the support member 2 at its distal end reaches the lesion location.

[0027] The dilator is then withdrawn. The support wall 7, freed from external constraints, automatically expands due to its elasticity, propping up the surrounding tissue and successfully establishing the surgical space. The endoscope or surgical instrument is then inserted through the dilator sheath and secured with the locking end cap 3. In dual-channel technology, the dilator sheath can serve as either an observation channel or a primary operating channel, complementing the other channel for surgical procedures.

[0028] Finally, after the operation is completed, the expansion tube is reinserted along the outside of the expansion sheath, and its tube wall will compress the support wall 7 to make it shrink, and then the expansion sheath and the expansion tube are pulled out of the body together.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sheath body (1), wherein the sheath body (1) comprises an inner sheath (4) and an outer sheath (5) connected by a thread, wherein the inner sheath (4) and the outer sheath (5) are capable of adjusting the length of the sheath body (1) by relative rotation; a support member (2) is provided at one end of the inner sheath (4) away from the thread, wherein the support member (2) comprises a plurality of elastically deformable support walls (7); and a locking end cap (3) is provided at one end of the outer sheath (5) away from the support member (2) for locking and fixing an instrument inserted into the sheath body (1).

2. The internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical guide (6) is provided at one end of the outer sheath (5) close to the support (2).

3. The internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the support wall (7) and the inner sheath (4) is in a curved transition.

4. The internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the support wall (7) is rounded.

5. The internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing member (8) is provided on the inner wall of the port of the inner sheath (4) away from the support member (2).

6. The internal dilatation sheath for bone tumor surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sheath (5) is provided with anti-slip grooves (9) at a position close to the locking end cover (3).

Images