Laser welding method and compressor

Abstract

The invention provides a laser welding method and a compressor. The laser welding method comprises the steps that a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded are attached to form an area to be welded; and a beam of swing laser is adopted to move in the preset welding direction according to the preset welding parameters and periodically swing so as to weld the to-be-welded area, and an adjustable included angle is formed between the swing direction of the swing laser and the preset welding direction. According to the laser welding method and the compressor, the welding quality can be ensured, defects possibly occurring in the welding process can be reduced, the fusion depth and the fusion width of the molten pool can be effectively expanded, the welding quality is improved, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the size of the adjustable included angle. When the shell of the compressor and the motor are welded, the iron loss and noise modes of the motor can be effectively optimized, and the performance of the compressor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser welding method and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] The non-swinging laser welding process means that the power output of the laser is stable, the laser beam is directly irradiated on the welding material, and the metal material melts under the heating of the beam to form a molten pool.

[0003] However, when using the same welding equipment to weld the compressor housing to the motor using non-oscillating laser welding technology, the depth-to-width ratio of the weld pool cannot be flexibly adjusted. This results in motor iron loss and noise modulation, and the weld pool depth-to-width ratio can only be increased or decreased proportionally. Furthermore, this welding method is prone to porosity during rapid welding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method and a compressor to solve one or more problems existing in the prior art, such as the inability to flexibly adjust the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool when welding the compressor shell and the motor using non-swinging laser welding technology, resulting in motor iron loss, the inability to adjust the noise mode, and the easy occurrence of pores during rapid welding.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A laser welding method comprising:

[0006] Laying the first workpiece to be welded to the second workpiece to form a welding area;

[0007] A beam of oscillating laser is used to move along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and oscillate periodically to weld the area to be welded, and the oscillating direction of the oscillating laser forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction.

[0008] Optionally, the laser welding method further includes: adjusting the aspect ratio of the molten pool formed by the oscillating laser by adjusting the size of the adjustable angle while keeping the preset welding parameters unchanged.

[0009] Optionally, the preset welding parameters include a preset oscillation frequency, a preset welding power and a preset welding speed of the oscillating laser; the value range of the preset oscillation frequency includes 1 Hz-300 Hz, the value range of the preset welding power includes 1 W-6000 W, and the value range of the preset welding speed includes 0.1 mm / s-40 mm / s.

[0010] Optionally, the preset welding direction is the same as the length extension direction of the first workpiece.

[0011] Optionally, the oscillating laser is oscillated in a linear oscillating mode.

[0012] Optionally, the adjustable angle has a value range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

[0013] Optionally, the oscillating laser forms a zigzag track during the welding process.

[0014] Optionally, the tail of the weld formed between the first workpiece and the second workpiece has an oblique angle feature.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a compressor manufactured using any of the laser welding methods described above.

[0016] Optionally, the first workpiece includes the casing of the compressor, and the second workpiece includes a motor, the casing and the motor are both cylindrical, and the motor is located inside the casing; fitting the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded to form an area to be welded includes: fitting the outer wall of the motor with the inner wall of the casing to form an area to be welded.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the laser welding method and compressor provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The laser welding method provided by the present invention comprises: aligning a first workpiece and a second workpiece to be welded to form a region to be welded; and welding the region to be welded using an oscillating laser beam, which moves along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and periodically oscillates, wherein the oscillation direction of the oscillating laser beam forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction. Thus, the laser welding method provided by the present invention first aligns the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded to form the region to be welded, thereby ensuring welding quality and reducing potential defects during the welding process. Next, welding the region to be welded using an oscillating laser beam, which moves along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and periodically oscillates, effectively extending the depth and width of the molten pool and improving welding quality. Furthermore, the oscillation direction of the oscillating laser beam forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the adjustable angle. Using the laser welding method provided by the present invention to weld a compressor housing to a motor, the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool can be flexibly adjusted, thereby effectively optimizing the motor's iron loss and noise mode, thereby improving the performance of the compressor. In addition, the laser welding method provided by the present invention can achieve the dual effects of high-quality welding and reducing porosity in the weld using only a single oscillating laser, significantly reducing the dependence on the dual-laser beam welding process, simplifying the equipment configuration, and improving the process adaptability and economy.

[0019] Furthermore, the oscillating laser is oscillated in a linear oscillating mode. Thus, the laser welding method provided by the present invention can avoid welding defects such as weld dripping, air holes, large spatter, and cold welds by adopting the linear oscillating mode, thereby effectively improving welding quality.

[0020] Since the compressor provided by the present invention and the laser welding method provided by the present invention belong to the same inventive concept, the compressor provided by the present invention has at least all the advantages of the laser welding method provided by the present invention. For the advantages of the compressor provided by the present invention, please refer to the relevant description of the beneficial effects of the laser welding method provided by the present invention, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall steps of a laser welding method provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the position distribution among an oscillating laser, a first workpiece, and a second workpiece provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The corresponding top view;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a specific example diagram of welding with an oscillating laser along a preset welding direction provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a specific example diagram of a molten pool formed by an oscillating laser according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of an oscillating laser provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Another specific example diagram of welding with an oscillating laser along a preset welding direction provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a weld provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0030] 10-first workpiece, 11-second workpiece, 12-oscillating laser, 121-oscillating direction, 122-zigzag trajectory, 13-preset welding direction, 14-adjustable angle, 15-molten pool, 16-weld. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The laser welding method and compressor proposed in the present invention are further described in detail below, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clearly illustrate the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the drawings herein are intended solely to facilitate understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments to sizes, provided they produce the same or similar effects and achieve the same objectives, are still within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. The specific design features of the present invention disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, positions, and shapes, will be determined in part by the specific application and environment in which they are intended. Furthermore, in the embodiments described below, the same reference numerals may be used across different drawings to represent the same parts or parts with the same functions, and their repeated descriptions may be omitted.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a laser welding method. Figure 1 , Figure 1 The overall steps of the laser welding method provided in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 1 It can be seen that the laser welding methods include:

[0034] S100: Laying the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 to be welded together to form a welding area;

[0035] S200: A oscillating laser beam 12 is used to move along a preset welding direction 13 according to preset welding parameters and oscillate periodically to weld the area to be welded, and the oscillating direction 121 of the oscillating laser beam 12 forms an adjustable angle 14 with the preset welding direction 13.

[0036] Thus, the laser welding method provided in this embodiment first aligns the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 to be welded to form a welded area, which can ensure welding quality and reduce defects that may occur during the welding process. Next, a beam of oscillating laser light 12 is used to weld the welded area by moving along a preset welding direction 13 according to preset welding parameters and periodically oscillating. This can effectively expand the penetration depth and width of the molten pool 15 and improve welding quality. At the same time, the oscillation direction 121 of the oscillating laser light 12 forms an adjustable angle 14 with the preset welding direction 13. By adjusting the size of the adjustable angle 14, the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool 15 can be flexibly adjusted. Using the laser welding method provided in this embodiment to weld the compressor housing and motor, the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool 15 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby effectively optimizing the motor's iron loss and noise mode, thereby improving the performance of the compressor. In addition, the laser welding method provided in this embodiment achieves the dual effects of high-quality welding and reducing porosity in the weld 16 using only a single oscillating laser light 12, significantly reducing the reliance on the dual-laser beam welding process, simplifying equipment configuration, and improving process adaptability and cost-effectiveness.

[0037] Preferably, the laser welding method further includes: adjusting the aspect ratio of the molten pool 15 formed by the oscillating laser 12 by adjusting the adjustable angle 14 while maintaining the preset welding parameters. Thus, by adjusting the adjustable angle 14, the aspect ratio of the molten pool 15 can be flexibly adjusted.

[0038] It should be noted that, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, the present invention does not impose any particular limitations on the specific types of the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11. For example, in some embodiments, the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 may both be curved workpieces; in other embodiments, the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 may both be flat workpieces.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the present invention does not impose excessive restrictions on the position distribution between the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 and the angle between the emission direction of the oscillating laser 12 and the surface to be welded.

[0040] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the position distribution among the oscillating laser 12, the first workpiece 10, and the second workpiece 11 provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The corresponding top view. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in some exemplary embodiments, the first workpiece 10 comprises a compressor housing, and the second workpiece 11 comprises a motor. Both the housing and the motor are cylindrical, and the motor is located within the housing. Aligning the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 to be welded to form a welded area includes aligning the outer wall of the motor with the inner wall of the housing to form the welded area. When an oscillating laser 12 is used to weld the welded area, the oscillating laser 12 is incident perpendicularly to the surface to be welded, i.e., the angle between the emission direction of the oscillating laser 12 and the surface to be welded is 90 degrees.

[0041] It should be noted that the above is merely an exemplary description of the position distribution between the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 and the angle between the emission direction of the oscillating laser 12 and the surface to be welded, and is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] For example, in some other embodiments, the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 can both be rectangular stainless steel plates (not shown in the figure), and the two are stacked up and down to form an area to be welded. When the oscillating laser 12 is used to weld the area to be welded, the angle between the emission direction of the oscillating laser 12 and the surface to be welded can be 60 degrees.

[0043] It should be noted that, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, the preset welding parameters of the oscillating laser 12 can be set based on the actual application scenario. For example, in some embodiments, the preset welding parameters include a preset oscillation frequency, a preset welding power, and a preset welding speed of the oscillating laser 12; the preset oscillation frequency has a value range of 1 Hz to 300 Hz, the preset welding power has a value range of 1 W to 6000 W, and the preset welding speed has a value range of 0.1 mm / s to 40 mm / s.

[0044] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a specific example diagram of the embodiment of the present invention in which the oscillating laser 12 is used to perform welding along a preset welding direction 13; Figure 5 This is a specific example of a molten pool 15 formed by the swinging laser 12 provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the preset welding direction 13 is the same as the length extension direction of the first workpiece 10. When the oscillating laser 12 is used to weld the area to be welded formed between the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11, the oscillating laser 12 moves along the preset welding direction 13 (the preset welding direction 13 is Figure 4The swing direction 121 forms an adjustable angle 14 with the preset welding direction 13, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool 15 formed by the swinging laser 12 can be flexibly adjusted by selecting the adjustable angle 14 of different sizes.

[0045] Preferably, in some exemplary embodiments, the oscillating laser 12 oscillates in a linear oscillating mode. Thus, by adopting the linear oscillating mode, welding defects such as weld dripping, porosity, large spatter, and cold welds can be avoided, thereby effectively improving welding quality.

[0046] It should be noted that the present invention does not impose any restrictions on the oscillation pattern of the oscillating laser 12. For example, in some other embodiments, the oscillating laser 12 may also oscillate in a circular oscillation pattern or a rectangular oscillation pattern, but this is likely to cause welding defects such as weld dripping, porosity, large spatter, and cold welds.

[0047] Furthermore, the value range of the adjustable angle 14 includes 0 degrees to 90 degrees.

[0048] For example, in some exemplary embodiments, the adjustable angle 14 has a value range of 30-60 degrees, and is most preferably 45 degrees. Thus, by setting the value of the adjustable angle 14 within a suitable range, the penetration depth and width of the formed molten pool 15 can be effectively expanded, thereby improving the welding effect.

[0049] It should be noted that when the adjustable angle 14 is 0 degrees, that is, the swing direction 121 is consistent with the preset welding direction 13, the molten pool 15 formed has a smaller molten width; when the adjustable angle 14 is 90 degrees, that is, the swing direction 121 is perpendicular to the preset welding direction 13, the molten pool 15 formed has a smaller molten depth.

[0050] For example, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the oscillating laser 12 provided in this embodiment; Figure 7 Another specific example diagram of the swing laser 12 provided in this embodiment for welding along the preset welding direction 13. Figure 6 As shown, the oscillating laser 12 forms a zigzag track 122 during the welding process. During welding, the oscillating laser 12 moves along the preset welding direction 13 and oscillates periodically. The oscillating direction 121 forms an adjustable angle 14 with the preset welding direction 13. Figure 6 The straight line direction from top to bottom is the forward direction of the oscillating laser 12. Figure 6 The dotted line in FIG is the motion trajectory of the oscillating laser 12. Figure 7As shown, the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 are both cylindrical, the preset welding direction 13 is the circumferential direction of the first workpiece 10, and the swing laser 12 is used to weld the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 along the circumferential direction. Figure 6 The straight line from top to bottom in the middle) Figure 7 The tangential direction of the first workpiece 10.

[0051] For further information, please refer to 4 and Figure 8 ,in, Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the weld 16 provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the tail of the weld 16 formed between the first workpiece 10 and the second workpiece 11 has an oblique angle feature.

[0052] In order to better understand the present invention, please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 8 The following is an exemplary description of the laser welding method provided by the present invention for welding a compressor housing and a motor. Both the housing and the motor are cylindrical, and the motor is located within the 3.5 mm thick mild steel housing. The laser transmitter's galvanometer has an oscillation amplitude between 0 mm and 6 mm.

[0053] First, the outer wall of the motor is aligned with the inner wall of the housing to form a welding area. Next, the preset oscillation frequency of the oscillating laser 12 is set to 80 Hz-100 Hz, the preset welding power is set to 4000 watts, and the preset welding speed is set to 10 mm / s. Then, a beam of oscillating laser 12 is emitted from the laser emitter and controlled to move along the length extension direction of the housing. At the same time, the oscillating laser 12 is periodically oscillated by the periodic oscillation of the galvanometer, and the angle between the oscillation direction 121 of the oscillating laser 12 and the length extension direction of the housing is 45 degrees, thereby achieving welding of the motor and the housing.

[0054] Therefore, by using the laser welding method provided by the present invention, the molten pool 15 formed has a molten width that can reach the upper limit of the swing amplitude of the galvanometer, which is approximately 1.5 to 2 times the molten width obtained by the traditional non-swing welding method. The depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool 15 can reach 1:1 or 1:2, while the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool 15 obtained by the traditional non-swing welding method is not less than 1:1.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a compressor, which is manufactured using the laser welding method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] In other embodiments, the second workpiece 11 further includes a pump body assembly of a compressor, a crankshaft upper support, etc. The pump body assembly specifically includes a cylinder head, a cylinder, and an intermediate plate of a multi-cylinder pump body.

[0058] Since the compressor provided in this embodiment and the laser welding method described in any of the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, the compressor provided in this embodiment has at least all the advantages of the laser welding method provided in the above embodiments. For the advantages of the compressor provided in this embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of the beneficial effects of the laser welding method provided in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] In summary, the laser welding method and compressor provided by the present invention have the following advantages: the laser welding method provided by the present invention comprises: fitting the first workpiece to be welded and the second workpiece to form an area to be welded; using a beam of oscillating laser to move along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and periodically oscillate to weld the area to be welded, and the oscillation direction of the oscillating laser forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction. Thus, the laser welding method provided by the present invention first fits the first workpiece to be welded and the second workpiece to be welded to form an area to be welded, which can ensure the welding quality and reduce the defects that may occur during the welding process. Then, using a beam of oscillating laser to move along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and periodically oscillate to weld the area to be welded, which can effectively expand the depth and width of the molten pool and improve the welding quality. At the same time, the oscillation direction of the oscillating laser forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the size of the adjustable angle. The laser welding method provided by the present invention for welding the compressor housing to the motor allows for flexible adjustment of the molten pool's depth-to-width ratio, effectively optimizing the motor's iron loss and noise modality, thereby improving compressor performance. Furthermore, the laser welding method provided by the present invention achieves the dual effects of high-quality welding and reduced weld porosity using only a single oscillating laser beam, significantly reducing reliance on dual-laser beam welding processes, simplifying equipment configuration, and improving process adaptability and cost-effectiveness.

[0060] Furthermore, the oscillating laser is oscillated in a linear oscillating mode. Thus, the laser welding method provided by the present invention can avoid welding defects such as weld dripping, air holes, large spatter, and cold welds by adopting the linear oscillating mode, thereby effectively improving welding quality.

[0061] Since the compressor provided by the present invention and the laser welding method provided by the present invention belong to the same inventive concept, the compressor provided by the present invention has at least all the advantages of the laser welding method provided by the present invention. For the advantages of the compressor provided by the present invention, please refer to the relevant description of the beneficial effects of the laser welding method provided by the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding method, characterized in that: include: Laying the first workpiece to be welded to the second workpiece to form a welding area; A beam of oscillating laser is used to move along a preset welding direction according to preset welding parameters and oscillate periodically to weld the area to be welded, and the oscillating direction of the oscillating laser forms an adjustable angle with the preset welding direction.

2. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The laser welding method further comprises: Under the condition that the preset welding parameters remain unchanged, the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool formed by the oscillating laser is adjusted by adjusting the size of the adjustable angle.

3. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The preset welding parameters include the preset oscillation frequency, preset welding power and preset welding speed of the oscillating laser; the value range of the preset oscillation frequency includes 1 Hz-300 Hz, the value range of the preset welding power includes 1 watt-6000 watts, and the value range of the preset welding speed includes 0.1 mm / s-40 mm / s.

4. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The preset welding direction is the same as the length extension direction of the first workpiece.

5. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The oscillating laser is oscillated in a linear oscillating mode.

6. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustable angle has a value range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

7. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The oscillating laser forms a zigzag trajectory during the welding process.

8. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein: A tail portion of a weld formed between the first workpiece and the second workpiece has a bevel feature.

9. A compressor, characterized in that: The method is manufactured by the laser welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The compressor according to claim 9, wherein The first workpiece includes a housing of the compressor, and the second workpiece includes a motor. Both the housing and the motor are cylindrical, and the motor is located inside the housing. The step of fitting the first workpiece to be welded to the second workpiece to form a region to be welded comprises: The outer wall of the motor is fitted to the inner wall of the housing to form an area to be welded.

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