Composite for surface protection

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite for surface protection. A surface protection composite, in particular a non-flammable, waterproof, harmless, biocidal surface protection composite for wood, or paper, or fabrics, or plastics, containing an aqueous silicate solution containing 93 to 98 wt% of an aqueous potassium silicate solution, 1 to 6 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, and 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of a stabilizer of the aqueous potassium silicate solution.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with the application date of May 26, 2020, application number 202080048817.X, and invention name “Composite for surface protection”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a compound for surface protection, in particular a non-flammable, water-resistant, harmless, biocidal surface protection compound for wood, paper, fabric or plastic, which contains an aqueous solution of silicate. Background Art

[0003] Current technology already knows a wide variety of coatings for wood protection, which differ in their composition and intended use. The simplest compounds are found in coatings used solely for finishing the wood surface, protecting it from mechanical and chemical influences and providing decorative effects. Higher-quality coatings also offer protection against atmospheric influences, water, UV radiation, and other factors. Coatings offering comprehensive wood protection often contain additional specialized additives, such as biocides, UV absorbers, and flame retardants. The amount of pigment in the coating also significantly influences the amount of radiation transmitted, leading to yellowing and browning of the wood, and, in combination with the effects of water, graying.

[0004] Patent document KR101905682 discloses a self-extinguishing compound for wood containing sodium diphosphate, urea, phosphoric acid, and borax. These substances are readily soluble in water, but have the disadvantages of potentially washing away the wood coating, corrosive to surrounding metal materials and even the wood itself, toxic, relatively low efficiency, limited service life, and difficulty repairing.

[0005] A mixture containing ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate and sodium fluoride is known from utility model UA92979. These substances are soluble in water and therefore have the same disadvantages as the previous compounds.

[0006] Patent document CS111175 discloses a wood coating based on a polyacrylate dispersion which has an anti-corrosion effect. Its greatest disadvantage is its flammability.

[0007] A wood coating known from patent document CS 123593 is also flammable. This coating is intended to protect against mold and fungi and is based on chloronaphthalene.

[0008] As is clear from the above-described prior art, a major disadvantage of the prior art is that, while there are flame retardants and agents which act against other possible wood damages (such as mould or fungi), there are no agents which combine these two properties.

[0009] The object of the present invention is a composition of a composite for fire protection of wood which will also be a harmless biocidal surface protection thereof and will have the same protective properties for the protection of paper, or fabrics, or plastics. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The aforementioned disadvantages are largely eliminated and the objectives of the present invention are achieved by a surface protection compound, in particular a non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless, biocidal surface protection compound for wood, paper, textiles, or plastics. The compound comprises an aqueous silicate solution according to the present invention, characterized in that it contains 93 to 98% by weight of an aqueous potassium silicate solution, 1 to 6% by weight of aluminum hydroxide, and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of the potassium silicate solution as a stabilizer. Advantageously, surfaces treated with the compound possess excellent fire resistance and, at the same time, excellent cytostatic properties. Another advantage is that the compound contains purely inorganic components, is harmless to the environment and health, and does not release any harmful gaseous, liquid, or solid products even after long-term exposure to fire and high temperatures.

[0011] Advantageously, the surface protection compound also contains an aqueous solution of 1 to 3 wt% carbon black, with a maximum advantageous concentration of 25 wt% carbon black. The advantage of using carbon black in the compound is that the surface is not exposed to atmospheric oxygen, so it does not behave as a flammable particle; instead, it acts as a flame retardant. During combustion, it captures emerging free radicals, significantly slowing combustion. Simultaneously, it acts as a carbonization nucleator, capturing generated ash and accelerating the formation of a continuous carbon shell, protecting the wood surface from flames while reducing the amount of smoke produced, consisting of fly ash and carbon black.

[0012] It is further advantageous that the potassium silicate aqueous solution has a viscosity of 1650 to 1670 kg / m 3 The density is within the range of 1.5 and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is within the range of 1.67 to 1.73. At this favorable concentration of potassium silicate solution, excellent wood absorption can be achieved, allowing the composite to penetrate the wood to a depth of up to 6 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, it is also advantageous that the stabilizer for the aqueous potassium silicate solution is a hydrophilic alkoxyalkylammonium salt.

[0014] The main advantage of the compound according to the invention is that the surface treated with the compound has excellent fire resistance, while at the same time having excellent cell inhibition properties. The compound also has excellent adhesion and sealing effects, thus perfectly wrapping the wood fibers. After hardening, the surface is permeable to steam, removing the initial residual moisture or moisture that can penetrate the wood. After hardening, the compound also has water-repellent properties, and after use on completely dry wood, the volume of the object does not change. At the same time, the above brings excellent bactericidal properties, since the compound fills the porous mass of the wood, preventing the penetration of organisms into the wood. One advantageous property is also very good protection against UV radiation, which, together with moisture, causes the wood to turn gray. Even at the depth where no combustion occurs, the resulting layer acts as a fire extinguisher and slows down all decomposition processes in the area thereof and below. It also suppresses the formation of gases that do not have free space to enter the wood. At the same time, a great advantage of the compound according to the invention is that absorbent plastics, such as foams, geotextiles and felts, can also be impregnated. Fabrics treated in this way can be further wrapped, for example, in electrical cables or wiring distribution pipes, which must be fire-protected. It is also advantageous that the surface treated with the compound preserves the appearance of the wood and prevents color changes due to degradation, and can be applied to all kinds of wooden elements, as well as wooden building elements and OSB panels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Performance Examples of the Invention

[0016] Example 1

[0017] The non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless biocidal surface protection compound for wood contains 93 wt% of a potassium silicate aqueous solution, 6 wt% of aluminum hydroxide and 1 wt% of a stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution.

[0018] The density of the potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1670 kg / m3. 3 and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is 1.73.

[0019] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkylalkoxyammonium salt, in the form of a 98% N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine aqueous solution.

[0020] The resulting compound is intended for non-flammable colorless wood impregnation.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] The non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless biocidal surface protection compound for wood contains 95 wt% of a potassium silicate aqueous solution, 1 wt% of aluminum hydroxide, 1 wt% of a stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution and 3 wt% of a carbon black aqueous solution.

[0023] The density of potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1650 kg / m 3 And the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is 1.67.

[0024] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkoxyalkylammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine.

[0025] The resulting composite is intended for the non-flammable biocidal impregnation of wood.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] A composite for the non-flammable, water-resistant, harmless biocidal surface protection of wood, paper, fabric, or plastic, comprising 97 wt % aqueous potassium silicate solution, 2 wt % aluminum hydroxide, and 1 wt % of a potassium silicate aqueous solution as a stabilizer.

[0028] The density of potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1655 kg / m 3 , and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is in the range of 1.70.

[0029] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkoxyalkylammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine.

[0030] The resulting compound is specifically designed for the non-flammable, colorless, biocidal, and colorless impregnation of paper products.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] The compound for non-flammable, waterproof, harmless biocidal surface protection of textiles or plastics contains 93 wt% potassium silicate aqueous solution, 3 wt% aluminum hydroxide, 1 wt% stabilizer of potassium silicate aqueous solution and 3 wt% carbon black aqueous solution.

[0033] The density of potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1660 kg / m 3 , and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is 1.71.

[0034] The carbon black aqueous solution contained 25 wt% of carbon black.

[0035] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkoxyalkylammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine.

[0036] The resulting compound is intended for non-flammable impregnation of textiles and plastics.

[0037] Example 5

[0038] The complex for non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless biocidal surface protection of textiles or plastics contains 97 wt% of a potassium silicate aqueous solution, 1 wt% of aluminium hydroxide, 1 wt% of a stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution and 1 wt% of a carbon black aqueous solution.

[0039] The density of the potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1650 kg / m 3 and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is 1.69.

[0040] The carbon black aqueous solution contains 25 wt% of carbon black.

[0041] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkylalkoxyammonium salt in the form of a 98% N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine aqueous solution.

[0042] The resulting complex is intended for non-flammable impregnation of textiles and plastics.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] The complex for non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless biocidal surface protection of textiles or plastics contains 96 wt% of a potassium silicate aqueous solution, 2 wt% of aluminium hydroxide, 1 wt% of a stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution and 1 wt% of a carbon black aqueous solution.

[0045] The density of the potassium silicate aqueous solution is 1660 kg / m 3 and the molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide is 1.7.

[0046] The carbon black aqueous solution contains 25 wt% of carbon black.

[0047] The stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkylalkoxyammonium salt in the form of a 98% N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine aqueous solution.

[0048] The resulting complex is intended for non-flammable impregnation of textiles and plastics.

[0049] Industrial Applications

[0050] The surface protection complex according to the application can be used in particular for non-flammable, water-repellent, harmless biocidal surface protection of wood, or paper, or textiles, or plastics, but also for surface protection of soft PUR foams, rubbers or geotextiles.

Claims

1. A surface protection compound, in particular for the non-flammable, water-resistant, biocidal surface protection of wood, paper, textiles or plastics, comprising an aqueous silicate solution, characterized in that The composite contains 93 to 98 wt % of a potassium silicate aqueous solution, 1 to 6 wt % of aluminum hydroxide, and 0.5 to 1.5 wt % of a stabilizer for the potassium silicate aqueous solution.

2. The surface protection composite according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite also contains 1 to 3 wt% of an aqueous solution of carbon black.

3. The surface protection composite according to claim 1, characterized in that The potassium silicate aqueous solution has a temperature of 1650 to 1670 kg / m 3 Density within the range.

4. The surface protection composite according to claim 1, characterized in that The potassium silicate aqueous solution has a molar mass ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxide in the range of 1.67 to 1.

73.

5. Surface protection composite according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The carbon black aqueous solution contained 25 wt% of carbon black.

6. Surface protection composite according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The stabilizer of the potassium silicate aqueous solution is a hydrophilic alkoxyalkyl ammonium salt.