Grate furnace structure suitable for 100-ton daily-scale low-heating-value waste incineration

Abstract

The invention discloses a grate furnace structure suitable for 100-ton daily-scale low-heating-value waste incineration. Comprising an incinerator grate structure arranged in a garbage incinerator, a garbage feeding mechanism arranged at a garbage incineration input port of the garbage incinerator, an ash conveying mechanism arranged at the bottom of the garbage incinerator and an ash discharging mechanism arranged at a garbage incineration output port of the garbage incinerator. A hearth smoke outlet is formed in the top of the garbage incinerator; the incinerator fire grate structure comprises a drying section fire grate, a combustion section fire grate and a burnout section fire grate which are arranged in the garbage incinerator and sequentially arranged in the direction from the input end to the output end. According to the incinerator, the garbage drying efficiency can be improved, a traditional inclined pusher is adjusted to be horizontally arranged, a device for actively extruding garbage leachate is additionally arranged, the evaporation efficiency in the drying stage and the garbage pretreatment effect are effectively improved, the conventional layout of the combustion section is adjusted, the total hearth length is shortened, and the combustion efficiency is improved. And the method can well adapt to the processing scale requirement of 100t / d.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste incinerator, in particular to a grate structure suitable for 100 tons per day scale low heat value waste incineration. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the growing demand for urban and rural solid waste treatment, small and medium-sized household waste incineration treatment systems are widely used. The 100 tons per day (100t / d) scale household waste incinerator, with moderate investment, flexible operation, and adaptability to county and small and medium-sized city garbage characteristics, has become one of the important technical equipment for current garbage resource utilization.

[0003] In such incineration systems, the forward push type mechanical grate is the core component, which realizes the continuous transition of the drying, combustion and burnout stages of the garbage through segmented pushing. The forward push type grate mainly arranges multiple grate pieces in rows along the inclined direction, and drives the grate pieces to move forward periodically through the hydraulic stepping type driving mechanism, which drives the garbage layer to gradually push forward to the downstream of the hearth. A primary air chamber is arranged below the grate piece, and the combustion air is uniformly introduced through the air holes on the grate piece to ensure the oxygen supply inside the garbage layer and promote full combustion.

[0004] The forward push type grate structure is simple in design, high in modularity, stable and reliable in operation, and is particularly suitable for the treatment of county household garbage with complex composition, high moisture content and large heat value fluctuation. Its typical applications include the modular grate system developed based on the R-type forward push type grate technology of Hitachi Zosen Corporation. The system uses standard size grate pieces, which are connected by pin shafts and fixed by pull rods to form an overall pushing surface, and cooperates with the primary air partitioned air supply below the grate to realize stable combustion and heat recovery of the garbage.

[0005] To further improve the adaptability and operation efficiency of the garbage incineration system, the 100t / d forward push type grate developed in this project adopts standardized modular design, which optimizes the traditional grate furnace and reduces the grate length, land area and investment while ensuring the continuity of garbage pushing and the fullness of combustion.

[0006] In existing household waste incineration systems, the composition of household garbage in counties, towns and other areas, especially the characteristics of high moisture content, high organic matter and rich leachate, gradually expose the problem of insufficient adaptability in the original design mode. The pusher easily causes the leachate in the garbage to flow into the combustion section under the action of gravity, causing local temperature drop, unstable combustion, and even black smoke and furnace temperature fluctuation. In addition, in the 100t / d scale system with relatively small treatment capacity, the configuration of the three-stage combustion section is relatively redundant, which leads to the increase of equipment investment and maintenance cost, and reduces the overall economy of the system. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grate furnace structure suitable for the incineration of low calorific value garbage on a daily scale of 100 tons, which can better control the moisture in domestic garbage and maintain better stability of the furnace temperature inside the incinerator.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A grate furnace structure suitable for incinerating low-calorific-value garbage at a scale of 100 tons per day, comprising an incinerator grate structure arranged in the garbage incinerator, a garbage feeding mechanism arranged at the garbage incineration input port of the garbage incinerator, an ash conveying mechanism arranged at the bottom of the garbage incinerator, and an ash discharge mechanism arranged at the garbage incineration output port of the garbage incinerator;

[0010] The top of the waste incinerator is provided with a furnace flue gas outlet;

[0011] The incinerator grate structure includes a drying section grate, a combustion section grate and a burnout section grate which are arranged inside the garbage incinerator and arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end;

[0012] The garbage feeding mechanism includes a garbage feeding hopper with a trumpet-shaped mouth facing upward and a garbage feeding vertical pipe fixed at the lower end of the garbage feeding hopper and extending vertically. The lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe is connected to the garbage incineration input port through a garbage pushing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the side wall structure of the waste incinerator is composed of a high-temperature wear-resistant layer, a heat-insulating buffer layer, a high-efficiency heat-insulating layer, a supporting reinforcement layer, and a protective outer layer from the inside to the outside.

[0014] Description: The side wall structure of the waste incinerator can provide better thermal insulation performance, making the temperature in the furnace more stable, which is beneficial to the stability of waste combustion and ensures that the waste can be fully burned.

[0015] Preferably, the drying section grate is composed of a plurality of groups of drying section fixed grate slices and drying section sliding grate slices which are parallel to each other and arranged in an interlaced manner;

[0016] The combustion section grate is composed of multiple groups of combustion section fixed grate pieces and combustion section sliding grate pieces that are parallel to each other and staggered at intervals;

[0017] The burning section grate is composed of a plurality of burning section fixed grate plate groups and burning section sliding grate plate groups which are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals and staggered.

[0018] Description: The upper side of each grate group forms a stepped structure. At the same time, the sliding grate group can reciprocate relative to the fixed grate group under the drive of the hydraulic drive rod, so that the domestic garbage falling on the upper side of each grate group can be gradually pushed toward the garbage incineration output port.

[0019] Preferably, the garbage pushing mechanism includes a C-shaped garbage pushing connecting pipe, the horizontal section of which is connected to the garbage incineration input port, and the vertical section of which is connected to the lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe;

[0020] The outer side of the garbage pushing connecting pipe is provided with a garbage pushing driving chute which penetrates along the horizontal section thereof, and a garbage pushing top block is slidably connected in the garbage pushing driving chute;

[0021] A push drive support frame is fixed on the outside of the waste incinerator, and a garbage push drive rod for driving the garbage push top block to move is provided on the push drive support frame.

[0022] Description: The horizontal layout of the garbage pushing mechanism reduces the impact of garbage accumulation and component wear caused by gravity, especially the grate plates, pins, pull rods and other components are more evenly stressed.

[0023] Preferably, a funnel-shaped leachate collecting hopper is provided on the lower side of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe, and a leachate collecting outlet is provided at the lower end of the leachate collecting hopper. A plurality of leachate leakage holes connected to the leachate collecting hopper are provided on the lower side wall of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe, and a plurality of vertically penetrating extrusion leakage holes are provided on the garbage pushing top block.

[0024] Note: The leachate in the garbage can enter the leachate collection hopper through the extrusion leakage hole and the leachate leakage hole and be collected, preventing garbage with high moisture content from entering the furnace and causing a sudden drop in furnace temperature.

[0025] Preferably, a garbage leachate extrusion mechanism is provided at one end of the garbage pushing connecting pipe close to the garbage incineration input port, the garbage leachate extrusion mechanism comprising an extrusion mechanism support shaft rotatably connected to the interior of the garbage pushing connecting pipe, the extrusion mechanism support shaft extending horizontally and perpendicular to the extension direction of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe;

[0026] An extrusion mechanism support plate is fixed on the extrusion mechanism support shaft, and a back pressure support plate is slidably connected to the side of the extrusion mechanism support plate away from the waste incineration input port, and the extrusion mechanism support plate is parallel to the back pressure support plate;

[0027] The extrusion mechanism support plate has a plurality of sliding matching grooves extending perpendicular to the axis direction of the extrusion mechanism support shaft, the sliding matching grooves are slidably connected with matching support sliders, and the plurality of matching support sliders are fixedly connected to the back pressure support plate;

[0028] An extension drive fixed cylinder is fixed to one side of the extrusion mechanism support plate close to the waste incineration input port. The extension direction of the extension drive fixed cylinder is parallel to the extension direction of the sliding matching groove. An extension drive sliding cylinder is slidably connected inside the extension drive fixed cylinder. The outer end of the extension drive sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the matching support slider. An extension drive rod for driving the extension drive sliding cylinder to move is provided inside the extension drive fixed cylinder.

[0029] A deflection drive accommodating shell is fixed on the outside of the garbage pushing connecting pipe, one end of the extrusion mechanism support shaft extends into the interior of the deflection drive accommodating shell, a deflection drive worm gear is fixed on one end of the extrusion mechanism support shaft extending into the interior of the deflection drive accommodating shell, a deflection drive worm is meshed with the deflection drive worm gear, a deflection drive motor for driving the deflection drive worm to rotate is fixed in the deflection drive accommodating shell, and the output shaft of the deflection drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection drive worm through a coupling.

[0030] Description: The garbage leachate squeezing mechanism can actively squeeze the leachate in the garbage, fully discharge the residual leachate in the garbage, improve the stability of combustion inside the garbage incinerator, and ensure the adequacy of garbage incineration.

[0031] Preferably, a funnel-shaped drying section ash collecting hopper is provided on the lower side of the drying section grate, a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper is provided on the lower side of the burning section grate, and a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper is provided on the lower side of the ember section grate;

[0032] The part of the waste incinerator above the drying section grate, combustion section grate and ember section grate is the waste incineration furnace, and the part below the drying section grate, combustion section grate and ember section grate is the ash and slag discharge chamber.

[0033] The ash conveying mechanism includes an ash scraper conveyor arranged at the bottom of the ash falling and slag discharging chamber, and the lower ends of the drying section ash collection hopper, the combustion section ash collection hopper and the burnt section ash collection hopper are all connected to the interior of the ash scraper conveyor.

[0034] Note: The ash collection bucket in the drying section is also a drying blast channel. Hot air is input from bottom to top into the ash collection bucket in the drying section to facilitate the drying of the garbage. The ash collection bucket in the combustion section is also a combustion blast channel. Air is input from bottom to top into the ash collection bucket in the combustion section. The air passes through the combustion section grate to provide sufficient oxygen for the garbage in the combustion process to ensure full combustion.

[0035] Preferably, the ash discharge mechanism includes an ash discharge shaft trough fixed at the waste incineration output port and extending vertically, the output end of the furnace ash scraper conveyor is connected to the inside of the ash discharge shaft trough, and a slag discharger is provided at the lower end of the ash discharge shaft trough.

[0036] Description: The ash discharge mechanism can transfer and discharge the ash falling from each furnace grate section and the ash discharged from the output end of the combustion section furnace grate to the outside of the waste incinerator.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are reflected in the following aspects:

[0038] 1. The structure design of the present application is reasonable, which improves the dryness of the garbage, adjusts the traditional inclined pusher to horizontal arrangement, and additionally provides a device for actively extruding the garbage leachate, prolongs the residence time of the garbage in the drying section, makes the leachate in the garbage fully evaporate in the drying section, avoids the leachate flowing directly into the combustion section, and effectively improves the evaporation efficiency and garbage pretreatment effect in the drying stage.

[0039] 2. The technical scheme of the present application improves the combustion stability and combustion efficiency, and the leachate evaporation is mainly concentrated in the drying section, so that the water content of the garbage in the combustion section is more stable, the problems of local temperature drop, black smoke emission and fly ash entrainment in the combustion section are significantly reduced, the continuous and stable combustion reaction is ensured, and the overall combustion efficiency is improved.

[0040] 3. The technical scheme of the present application simplifies the combustion section in the traditional design, shortens the overall length of the equipment, reduces the supporting facilities such as refractory materials, air chamber partition, temperature measuring probe, directly reduces the comprehensive cost of equipment manufacturing, civil engineering and later maintenance, and improves the economic efficiency of the system.

[0041] 4. The technical scheme of the present application prolongs the service life of the equipment, the horizontal arrangement of the pusher reduces the accumulation impact and component wear caused by gravity of the garbage, especially the stress of the grate piece, pin shaft and pull rod is more uniform, the overall operation stress level is reduced, the service life of the key components is prolonged, and the failure rate and maintenance frequency are reduced.

[0042] 5. The technical scheme of the present application is more suitable for the case that the garbage composition fluctuates greatly, by increasing the evaporation carrying capacity of the drying section, the grate system can maintain stable combustion for garbage with various water contents and various component compositions, has stronger adaptability, and meets the operation requirements of unstable composition and large batch difference of domestic garbage in rural areas.

[0043] 6. The technical scheme of the present application is beneficial to the modularization and batch construction of the system, after the horizontal arrangement of the pusher, the size of the grate piece is uniform and the structure is regular, which is convenient for modular manufacturing and rapid installation, significantly shortens the project construction period, reduces the construction and installation complexity and the total engineering cost, and promotes the scale and serialization application of equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is the front view of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the side wall structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the drying section grate of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the combustion section grate of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the burning section grate of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the garbage pushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the landfill leachate extrusion mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Top view of .

[0052] In the figure, 10-waste incinerator, 101-waste incineration input port, 102-waste incineration output port, 103-furnace flue gas outlet, 104-waste incineration furnace, 105-ash and slag discharge chamber, 11-side wall structure, 111-high temperature wear-resistant layer, 112-insulation buffer layer, 113-high efficiency insulation layer, 114-support reinforcement layer, 115-protective outer layer, 20-incinerator grate structure, 21-drying section grate, 211-drying Drying section fixed grate sheet group, 212-drying section sliding grate sheet group, 213-drying section ash collection hopper, 22-combustion section grate, 221-combustion section fixed grate sheet group, 222-combustion section sliding grate sheet group, 223-combustion section ash collection hopper, 23-burning section grate, 231-burning section fixed grate sheet group, 232-burning section sliding grate sheet group, 233-burning section ash collection hopper, 30-garbage feeding mechanism, 31-garbage feeding Bucket, 32-garbage feed vertical pipe, 33-garbage pushing mechanism, 330-pushing drive support frame, 331-garbage pushing connecting pipe, 332-garbage pushing drive chute, 333-garbage pushing top block, 3330-squeezing leakage hole, 334-garbage pushing drive rod, 335-leachate collection bucket, 3350-leachate collection and discharge port, 336-leachate leakage hole, 34-garbage leachate squeezing mechanism, 341-squeezing mechanism support Shaft, 342-extrusion mechanism support plate, 343-back pressure support plate, 344-extension drive fixed cylinder, 345-extension drive sliding cylinder, 346-extension drive rod, 347-deflection drive accommodating shell, 348-deflection drive worm gear, 349-deflection drive worm, 3490-deflection drive motor, 40-ash conveying mechanism, 41-ash scraper conveyor, 50-ash discharge mechanism, 51-ash discharge shaft trough, 52-slag discharger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following combination Figures 1 to 8 The present invention is described in detail. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front and back directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right, front and back directions of the projection relationship of each main view or structural schematic diagram itself.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] A grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value garbage with a daily scale of 100 tons, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an incinerator grate structure 20 arranged in the waste incinerator 10, a waste feeding mechanism 30 arranged at the waste incineration input port 101 of the waste incinerator 10, an ash conveying mechanism 40 arranged at the bottom of the waste incinerator 10, and an ash discharge mechanism 50 arranged at the waste incineration output port 102 of the waste incinerator 10;

[0056] The top of the waste incinerator 10 is provided with a furnace flue gas outlet 103;

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the side wall structure 11 of the waste incinerator 10 is composed of a high temperature wear-resistant layer 111, a heat insulation buffer layer 112, a high efficiency heat insulation layer 113, a support and reinforcement layer 114, and a protective outer layer 115 from the inside to the outside.

[0058] The high temperature wear resistant layer 111 is a silicon carbide SiC ceramic composite refractory brick in the prior art;

[0059] The heat-insulating buffer layer 112 is composed of 2 to 3 layers of 5 to 10 mm thick nano-aerogel felt laid in a staggered overlapping manner;

[0060] The high-efficiency heat-insulating layer 113 is a ceramic fiber blanket, which is an inorganic fiber material made of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, etc. through high-temperature melt blowing;

[0061] The support reinforcement layer 114 is a steel frame structure made of Cr-Ni series alloy steel, such as a steel frame structure welded from 310S stainless steel and 06Cr25Ni20;

[0062] The protective outer layer 115 is a thin shell structure made of stainless steel plates. There is an air layer 10 to 20 mm thick between the protective outer layer 115 and the supporting reinforcement layer 114. The inner side of the protective outer layer 115 has a heat radiation reflective coating made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0063] The incinerator grate structure 20 includes a drying section grate 21, a combustion section grate 22 and a burnout section grate 23 which are arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end of the waste incinerator 10;

[0064] The garbage feeding mechanism 30 includes a garbage feeding hopper 31 with an upward-facing bell mouth and a garbage feeding vertical pipe 32 fixed to the lower end of the garbage feeding hopper 31 and extending vertically. The lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe 32 is connected to the garbage incineration input port 101 through a garbage pushing mechanism 33;

[0065] The garbage pushing mechanism 33 is a conventional pushing mechanism in which a pushing plate is driven by hydraulic pressure to move back and forth;

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, a funnel-shaped drying section ash collecting hopper 213 is provided on the lower side of the drying section grate 21, a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper 223 is provided on the lower side of the burning section grate 22, and a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper 233 is provided on the lower side of the burning section grate 23;

[0067] The portion of the waste incinerator 10 above the drying section grate 21, the combustion section grate 22, and the burnout section grate 23 is the waste incineration furnace 104, and the portion of the waste incinerator 10 below the drying section grate 21, the combustion section grate 22, and the burnout section grate 23 is the ash and slag discharge chamber 105.

[0068] The ash conveying mechanism 40 includes an ash scraper conveyor 41 arranged at the bottom of the ash dropping and slag discharging chamber 105, and the lower ends of the drying section ash collection hopper 213, the combustion section ash collection hopper 223 and the burnt section ash collection hopper 233 are all connected to the interior of the ash scraper conveyor 41.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the ash discharge mechanism 50 includes a vertically extending ash discharge shaft 51 fixed to the waste incineration output port 102. The output end of the ash scraper conveyor 41 is connected to the interior of the ash discharge shaft 51. A slag discharger 52 is provided at the lower end of the ash discharge shaft 51. The slag discharger 52 is a slag discharger used in waste incinerators available on the market in the prior art.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 3 As shown, the drying section grate 21 is composed of multiple groups of parallel and staggered drying section fixed grate slices 211 and drying section sliding grate slices 212. The fixed drying section grate slices 211 are fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10, and the sliding drying section grate slices 212 are driven and moved by a hydraulic drive rod fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10.

[0072] like Figure 4As shown, the combustion section grate 22 is composed of multiple groups of combustion section fixed grate slices 221 and combustion section sliding grate slices 222 that are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals. The combustion section fixed grate slices 221 are fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10, and the combustion section sliding grate slices 222 are driven and moved by a hydraulic drive rod fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, the combustion section grate 23 is composed of multiple groups of mutually parallel and staggered combustion section fixed grate plate groups 231 and combustion section sliding grate plate groups 232. The combustion section fixed grate plate groups 231 are fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10, and the combustion section sliding grate plate groups 232 are driven and moved by a hydraulic drive rod fixed to the support frame of the inner wall of the waste incinerator 10.

[0074] The entire upper surface of the drying section grate 21 is inclined at 20°, and the higher side of the drying section grate 21 is close to the waste incineration input port 101;

[0075] The upper surface of the combustion section grate 22 is inclined at 20 degrees, and the higher side of the combustion section grate 22 is close to the waste incineration input port 101;

[0076] The entire upper surface of the combustion section grate 23 is arranged horizontally.

[0077] Example 3:

[0078] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 6 As shown, the garbage pushing mechanism 33 includes a C-shaped garbage pushing connecting pipe 331. The horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 is connected to the garbage incineration input port 101, and the vertical section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 is connected to the lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe 32.

[0079] The outer side of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 is provided with a garbage pushing driving chute 332 which passes through the horizontal section thereof, and a garbage pushing top block 333 is slidably connected to the garbage pushing driving chute 332;

[0080] A pushing drive support frame 330 is fixed to the outside of the waste incinerator 10, and a garbage pushing drive rod 334 is provided on the pushing drive support frame 330 for driving the garbage pushing top block 333 to move. The garbage pushing drive rod 334 is a hydraulic drive rod in the prior art. The outer rod of the garbage pushing drive rod 334 is connected to the pushing drive support frame 330 through a fixed hinge, and the inner rod end of the garbage pushing drive rod 334 is connected to the garbage pushing top block 333 in the form of a fixed hinge.

[0081] like Figure 1As shown, a funnel-shaped leachate collecting hopper 335 is provided on the lower side of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331, and a leachate collecting outlet 3350 is provided at the lower end of the leachate collecting hopper 335. Figure 7 As shown, the lower side wall of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 has a plurality of leachate leakage holes 336 connected to the leachate collecting bucket 335, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the garbage pushing top block 333 has a plurality of vertically penetrating extrusion leakage holes 3330 .

[0082] Example 4:

[0083] On the basis of Example 3, Figure 6 As shown, the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 is provided with a garbage leachate squeezing mechanism 34 at one end close to the garbage incineration input port 101. Figure 7 As shown, the garbage leachate squeezing mechanism 34 includes a squeezing mechanism support shaft 341 rotatably connected to the interior of the garbage pushing material connecting pipe 331. The squeezing mechanism support shaft 341 extends horizontally and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing material connecting pipe 331.

[0084] A squeezing mechanism support plate 342 is fixed to the squeezing mechanism support shaft 341 , and a back pressure support plate 343 is slidably connected to the side of the squeezing mechanism support plate 342 away from the waste incineration input port 101 , and the squeezing mechanism support plate 342 is parallel to the back pressure support plate 343 ;

[0085] The extrusion mechanism support plate 342 has a plurality of sliding matching grooves 3421 extending perpendicular to the axis direction of the extrusion mechanism support shaft 341. The sliding matching grooves 3421 are slidably connected to matching support sliders 3422. The plurality of matching support sliders 3422 are fixedly connected to the back pressure support plate 343.

[0086] An extension drive fixed cylinder 344 is fixed to one side of the extrusion mechanism support plate 342 close to the waste incineration input port 101. The extension direction of the extension drive fixed cylinder 344 is parallel to the extension direction of the sliding matching groove 3421. An extension drive sliding cylinder 345 is slidably connected inside the extension drive fixed cylinder 344. The outer end of the extension drive sliding cylinder 345 is fixedly connected to the matching support slider 3422. An extension drive rod 346 for driving the extension drive sliding cylinder 345 to move is provided inside the extension drive fixed cylinder 344. The extension drive rod 346 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod driven by a servo motor in the prior art. The outer rod end of the extension drive rod 346 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the extension drive fixed cylinder 344, and the inner rod end of the extension drive rod 346 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the extension drive sliding cylinder 345.

[0087] like Figure 8As shown, a deflection drive accommodating shell 347 is fixed to the outside of the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331, and one end of the extrusion mechanism support shaft 341 extends to the inside of the deflection drive accommodating shell 347. A deflection drive worm gear 348 is fixed to one end of the extrusion mechanism support shaft 341 extending to the inside of the deflection drive accommodating shell 347, and a deflection drive worm 349 is meshed with the deflection drive worm gear 348. A deflection drive motor 3490 for driving the deflection drive worm 349 to rotate is fixed in the deflection drive accommodating shell 347, and the output shaft of the deflection drive motor 3490 is connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection drive worm 349 through a coupling.

[0088] The interior of a conventional waste incinerator is generally divided into a drying section, three combustion sections, and a burnout section.

[0089] In the actual application process of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the combustion section grate 22 in the incinerator grate structure 20 is reduced to two sections, simplifying the grate structure, shortening the total furnace length, reducing equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs, and being able to better adapt to the 100t / d processing scale requirements;

[0090] The domestic garbage is poured into the garbage feeding hopper 31, and the domestic garbage passes through the garbage feeding vertical pipe 32 and the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331 from top to bottom, and falls into the horizontal section inside the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331;

[0091] Under the cooperation of the garbage pushing mechanism 33 and the garbage leachate squeezing mechanism 34, the domestic garbage is first squeezed to discharge the leachate inside the domestic garbage, and then the domestic garbage is pushed into the garbage incinerator 10 through the garbage incineration input port 101;

[0092] In the initial state, the angle between the back pressure support plate 343 and the vertical plane is 10 degrees, and the lower end of the back pressure support plate 343 is further away from the waste incineration input port 101. The inclined back pressure support plate 343 is conducive to the leachate inside the domestic waste to flow more smoothly along the side of the back pressure support plate 343 to the leachate collection bucket 335 after being squeezed out, and to avoid the squeezed leachate from flowing toward the waste incineration input port 101 as much as possible.

[0093] The inner rod of the extension drive rod 346 extends to drive the extension drive sliding cylinder 345, the supporting slider 3422 and the back pressure support plate 343 to move obliquely downward along the side of the squeezing mechanism support plate 342, so that the lower side of the back pressure support plate 343 presses against the lower side of the horizontal section inside the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331, forming a partially sealed state;

[0094] At this time, the domestic garbage is located between the garbage pushing top block 333 and the back pressure support plate 343. Then, the garbage pushing driving rod 334 extends and drives the garbage pushing top block 333 to move toward the back pressure support plate 343, thereby squeezing the domestic garbage. The leachate squeezed out of the domestic garbage passes through the squeezing leakage holes 3330 and the leachate leakage hole 336 from top to bottom and finally enters the leachate collecting hopper 335 to be collected.

[0095] After the extrusion is completed, the inner rod of the garbage pushing driving rod 334 retracts, driving the garbage pushing top block 333 away from the back pressure support plate 343, so that the garbage pushing top block 333 is no longer squeezing the domestic garbage;

[0096] The retraction of the inner rod of the extension drive rod 346 can drive the extension drive sliding cylinder 345, the supporting slider 3422 and the back pressure support plate 343 to move obliquely upward along the side of the squeezing mechanism support plate 342, so that a gap is formed between the lower side of the back pressure support plate 343 and the lower side of the horizontal section inside the garbage pushing connecting pipe 331, thereby preventing interference between the back pressure support plate 343 and the next deflection.

[0097] The deflection drive motor 3490 is a servo motor of the prior art. The output shaft of the deflection drive motor 3490 drives the deflection drive worm 349 to rotate, and the deflection drive worm 349 drives the deflection drive worm gear 348 to rotate. The deflection drive worm gear 348 then drives the extrusion mechanism support shaft 341, the extrusion mechanism support plate 342 and the back pressure support plate 343 to rotate together. With reference to the figure, the back pressure support plate 343 deflects counterclockwise around the extrusion mechanism support shaft 341 until the back pressure support plate 343 is in a horizontal state and then stops. At this time, the waste incineration input port 101 is no longer blocked by the back pressure support plate 343 and is in a pass state.

[0098] Then, the inner rod of the garbage pushing driving rod 334 is extended, and the garbage pushing top block 333 is moved toward the direction close to the garbage incineration input port 101. The garbage pushing top block 333 pushes the domestic garbage to move, so that the domestic garbage passes through the garbage incineration input port 101 and falls onto the upper surface of the drying section grate 21 inside the garbage incinerator 10.

[0099] The upper side of the drying section grate 21 is a stepped structure formed by the drying section fixed grate plate group 211 and the drying section sliding grate plate group 212. At the same time, the drying section sliding grate plate group 212 can reciprocate relative to the drying section fixed grate plate group 211 under the drive of the hydraulic drive rod, so that the domestic waste falling on the upper side of the drying section grate 21 can be gradually pushed toward the waste incineration output port 102.

[0100] The domestic garbage is gradually dried as it moves sideways on the drying section grate 21;

[0101] The drying section ash collecting hopper 213 is also a drying blast channel, which inputs hot air from bottom to top into the drying section ash collecting hopper 213 to facilitate the drying of the garbage;

[0102] Similarly, the upper side of the combustion section grate 22 is a stepped structure formed by the combustion section fixed grate sheet group 221 and the combustion section sliding grate sheet group 222. The combustion section sliding grate sheet group 222 can reciprocate relative to the combustion section fixed grate sheet group 221 under the drive of the hydraulic drive rod, so that the domestic garbage falling on the upper side of the combustion section grate 22 can be gradually pushed toward the garbage incineration output port 102.

[0103] The domestic garbage is burned while being pushed sideways on the combustion section grate 22 until it is completely burned out.

[0104] The combustion section ash collection hopper 223 is also the combustion blast channel, which inputs air from bottom to top into the combustion section ash collection hopper 223. The air passes through the combustion section grate 22 to provide sufficient oxygen for the garbage in the combustion process to ensure sufficient combustion.

[0105] The upper side of the burning section grate 23 is a stepped structure formed by a burning section fixed grate plate group 231 and a burning section movable grate plate group 232. The burning section movable grate plate group 232 can reciprocate relative to the burning section fixed grate plate group 231 under the drive of a hydraulic drive rod, so that the ash falling on the upper side of the burning section grate 23 can be gradually pushed toward the waste incineration output port 102.

[0106] The ash formed by the burning of domestic garbage moves laterally on the burning section grate 23 until it is discharged from the garbage incineration output port 102.

Claims

1. A grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day, characterized in that: The invention comprises an incinerator grate structure (20) arranged in a waste incinerator (10), a waste feeding mechanism (30) arranged at a waste incineration input port (101) of the waste incinerator (10), an ash conveying mechanism (40) arranged at the bottom of the waste incinerator (10), and an ash discharge mechanism (50) arranged at a waste incineration output port (102) of the waste incinerator (10); The top of the waste incinerator (10) is provided with a furnace flue gas outlet (103); The incinerator grate structure (20) comprises a drying section grate (21), a combustion section grate (22) and a burnout section grate (23) which are arranged inside the waste incinerator (10) and arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end; The garbage feeding mechanism (30) comprises a garbage feeding hopper (31) with a bell mouth facing upward, and a garbage feeding vertical pipe (32) fixed to the lower end of the garbage feeding hopper (31) and extending vertically. The lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe (32) is connected to the garbage incineration input port (101) through a garbage pushing mechanism (33).

2. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall structure (11) of the waste incinerator (10) is composed of a high-temperature wear-resistant layer (111), a heat-insulating buffer layer (112), a high-efficiency heat-insulating layer (113), a supporting reinforcement layer (114), and a protective outer layer (115) from the inside to the outside.

3. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying section grate (21) is composed of a plurality of drying section fixed grate sheet groups (211) and drying section sliding grate sheet groups (212) that are parallel to each other and arranged in an interlaced manner. The combustion section grate (22) is composed of a plurality of groups of combustion section fixed grate sheet groups (221) and combustion section movable grate sheet groups (222) that are parallel to each other and arranged in an interlaced manner. The burning section grate (23) is composed of a plurality of groups of burning section fixed grate plate groups (231) and burning section movable grate plate groups (232) that are parallel to each other and arranged in a staggered manner.

4. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 1, characterized in that: The garbage pushing mechanism (33) comprises a C-shaped garbage pushing connecting pipe (331), the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331) is connected to the garbage incineration input port (101), and the vertical section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331) is connected to the lower end of the garbage feeding vertical pipe (32); The outer side of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331) is provided with a garbage pushing driving chute (332) penetrating along the horizontal section thereof, and a garbage pushing top block (333) is slidably connected to the garbage pushing driving chute (332); A material pushing drive support frame (330) is fixed on the outside of the waste incinerator (10), and a waste pushing drive rod (334) for driving the waste pushing top block (333) to move is provided on the material pushing drive support frame (330).

5. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 4, characterized in that: A funnel-shaped leachate collecting hopper (335) is provided on the lower side of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing material connecting pipe (331), and a leachate collecting outlet (3350) is provided at the lower end of the leachate collecting hopper (335). A plurality of leachate leakage holes (336) connected to the leachate collecting hopper (335) are provided on the lower side wall of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing material connecting pipe (331), and a plurality of vertically penetrating extrusion leakage holes (3330) are provided on the garbage pushing material top block (333).

6. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 4, characterized in that: A garbage leachate extrusion mechanism (34) is provided at one end of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331) close to the garbage incineration input port (101), wherein the garbage leachate extrusion mechanism (34) comprises an extrusion mechanism support shaft (341) rotatably connected to the interior of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331), wherein the extrusion mechanism support shaft (341) extends horizontally and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the horizontal section of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331); A squeezing mechanism support plate (342) is fixed on the squeezing mechanism support shaft (341), a side of the squeezing mechanism support plate (342) away from the waste incineration input port (101) is slidably connected to a back pressure support plate (343), and the squeezing mechanism support plate (342) is parallel to the back pressure support plate (343); The extrusion mechanism support plate (342) has a plurality of sliding matching grooves (3421) extending perpendicular to the axial direction of the extrusion mechanism support shaft (341), and the sliding matching grooves (3421) are slidably connected to matching support sliders (3422), and the plurality of matching support sliders (3422) are fixedly connected to the back pressure support plate (343); An extension drive fixed cylinder (344) is fixed on one side of the extrusion mechanism support plate (342) close to the garbage incineration input port (101); the extension direction of the extension drive fixed cylinder (344) is parallel to the extension direction of the sliding matching groove (3421); an extension drive sliding cylinder (345) is slidably connected inside the extension drive fixed cylinder (344); the outer end of the extension drive sliding cylinder (345) is fixedly connected to the matching support slider (3422); an extension drive rod (346) for driving the extension drive sliding cylinder (345) to move is provided inside the extension drive fixed cylinder (344); A deflection drive housing (347) is fixed to the outside of the garbage pushing connecting pipe (331), one end of the squeezing mechanism support shaft (341) extends into the interior of the deflection drive housing (347), and a deflection drive worm gear (348) is fixed to one end of the squeezing mechanism support shaft (341) extending into the interior of the deflection drive housing (347), and a deflection drive worm (349) is meshedly connected with the deflection drive worm gear (348), and a deflection drive motor (3490) for driving the deflection drive worm (349) to rotate is fixed in the deflection drive housing (347), and the output shaft of the deflection drive motor (3490) is connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection drive worm (349) through a coupling.

7. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 1, characterized in that: A funnel-shaped drying section ash collecting hopper (213) is provided on the lower side of the drying section grate (21), a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper (223) is provided on the lower side of the burning section grate (22), and a funnel-shaped burning section ash collecting hopper (233) is provided on the lower side of the burning section grate (23); The portion of the waste incinerator (10) above the drying section grate (21), the combustion section grate (22) and the burnout section grate (23) is a waste incineration furnace (104), and the portion of the waste incinerator (10) below the drying section grate (21), the combustion section grate (22) and the burnout section grate (23) is an ash and slag discharge chamber (105); The ash conveying mechanism (40) includes an ash scraper conveyor (41) arranged at the bottom of the ash dropping and slag discharging chamber (105), and the lower ends of the drying section ash collecting hopper (213), the burning section ash collecting hopper (223), and the burnt section ash collecting hopper (233) are all connected to the interior of the ash scraper conveyor (41).

8. The grate furnace structure suitable for incineration of low calorific value waste at a scale of 100 tons per day according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash discharge mechanism (50) includes an ash discharge shaft trough (51) fixed at the waste incineration output port (102) and extending vertically. The output end of the furnace ash scraper conveyor (41) is connected to the interior of the ash discharge shaft trough (51). A slag discharger (52) is provided at the lower end of the ash discharge shaft trough (51).

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