Collaborative and integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mineral heating gasification

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide mineral heating gasification collaborative integrated intelligent control system. The device comprises a gasification device used for gasifying liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide; the mineralization reaction device is used for carrying out carbon dioxide mineralization reaction; the heat circulation system is used for recovering heat released by the mineralization reaction device and transferring the heat to the gasification device; and the intelligent control module is used for monitoring and controlling the operation state of the system in real time. According to the invention, a dynamic closed heat cycle system based on a controllable circulating medium is constructed, so that energy and quality collaborative optimization of carbon dioxide mineralization reaction heat release and gasification heat absorption processes is realized; a multi-parameter real-time sensing and intelligent decision-making system is used for driving a cycle working medium to form a closed-loop heat transportation loop between the mineralization heat release section and the gasification heat absorption section; through a dynamic coupling regulation and control mechanism, the dynamic balance of the mineralization reaction enthalpy change rate and the thermal load required by the gasification phase change is accurately matched; and an intelligent operation system with heat-flow double-flow cooperative control as a core is established.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a self-circulation heat balance based carbon dioxide mine heat gasification integrated intelligent control system, in particular to the field of carbon dioxide distributed mineralization application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of global response to climate change, carbon dioxide emission reduction and utilization have become an important environmental protection goal. In recent years, carbon dioxide mineralization technology provides a new way for the resource utilization of carbon dioxide. Through the integration and synergy of carbon dioxide mineralization and gasification process, the efficient mineralization and sequestration of carbon dioxide can be promoted, the carbon dioxide gasification efficiency can be improved, the clean and efficient use of energy in the mineralization process can be ensured, and thus the carbon emission and energy saving and environmental protection can be effectively reduced.

[0003] At present, in the carbon dioxide utilization process, the gasification process and the mineralization process are independently operated. After the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified by the gasification sled and becomes gaseous carbon dioxide, it enters the mineralization reaction device for mineralization and solidification reaction. The gasification heat required by carbon dioxide in the gasification sled gasification process is usually provided by ambient temperature air, such as the common air temperature type gasification sled, which highly depends on the ambient temperature for heat source. Therefore, the gasification amount, stability and continuity of carbon dioxide are significantly affected by weather, season and climate change. In low temperature environment, the efficiency is sharply reduced, and even cannot run or needs auxiliary heating. At the same time, in the mineralization process of gaseous carbon dioxide into the mineralization device, the carbon dioxide mineralization reaction is a significant heat release process. At present, a large amount of reaction heat is usually directly discharged into the surrounding environment, which not only cannot be recycled, but also causes heat pollution to the surrounding environment. This split operation mode leads to multiple synergy difficulties in the system.

[0004] Firstly, the sensible heat continuously released by the mineralization process cannot be effectively recovered, while the gasification process needs additional energy supply for heating, resulting in energy loss in two directions. Secondly, the gas transmission between the gasification skid and the mineralization device relies on fixed valves or manual adjustment, lacking an online closed-loop mineralization regulation mechanism based on the reaction state (such as mineralization kinetics parameters and gasification phase change requirements), resulting in rough gas flux adjustment and inability to respond to real-time working condition fluctuations. The gasification skid and the mineralization unit are isolated from each other in terms of design and control, and operate independently. Neither a closed energy and working fluid circulation loop for the dynamic changes of mineralization heat release and gasification heat absorption, nor a dynamic coupling regulation for the generation and consumption rates of gas is established, which further induces two systematic failures: on the one hand, the gasification carbon dioxide yield and the mineralization reaction demand are mismatched for a long time, and the device frequently interrupts the operation due to supply and demand imbalance; on the other hand, the heat energy that can be internally recycled is continuously dissipated, resulting in a much lower overall energy efficiency than the theoretical level, and the cold and hot resources and gas flow cannot be optimized simultaneously. As a direct result, the gasification skid and the mineralization device system cannot maintain efficient and stable operation, and the product mineralization degree and solidification structure are significantly deteriorated due to reaction condition fluctuations. To solve these problems, it is necessary to build a dynamic heat circulation loop for the energy (material) coupling of gasification and mineralization, to cooperatively build a self-adaptive regulation algorithm for the mineral-heat gasification integrated system based on its own circulating heat balance, and to deploy a multi-parameter intelligent decision-making system to break through the existing bottlenecks. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to break through the technical barriers of the traditional independent operation mode, to realize the energy and quality optimization of the carbon dioxide mineralization reaction heat release and the gasification heat absorption process by building a dynamic closed heat circulation system based on controllable circulating medium (such as air), to use a multi-parameter real-time sensing and intelligent decision-making system to drive the circulating working fluid to form a closed loop heat transport circuit between the mineralization heat release section and the gasification heat absorption section, to accurately match the dynamic balance of the mineralization reaction enthalpy change rate and the heat load required by the gasification phase change through a dynamic coupling regulation mechanism, and to establish an intelligent operation system with heat-flow double-flow collaborative control as the core.

[0006] This systematic and collaborative strategy not only eliminates the structural energy dissipation in the traditional independent operation mode, realizes the self-consistent circulation of cold and hot resources, but also significantly improves the sustained stability of device operation, and finally achieves the dual optimization goals of minimizing external energy consumption and low-carbonization of carbon sequestration process.

[0007] The present application system comprises:

[0008] a gasification device for gasifying liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide, the gasification device comprising:

[0009] a liquid carbon dioxide inlet for receiving liquid carbon dioxide;

[0010] a gaseous carbon dioxide outlet for outputting gasified carbon dioxide;

[0011] a hot air inlet for facilitating the gasification process of liquid carbon dioxide;

[0012] a mineralization reaction device for performing carbon dioxide mineralization reaction, the mineralization reaction device comprising:

[0013] a gaseous carbon dioxide inlet for receiving gaseous carbon dioxide from the gasification device;

[0014] an air inlet for introducing ambient air;

[0015] a hot air outlet for discharging heated hot air;

[0016] a mineralization reaction zone for performing carbon dioxide mineralization reaction and releasing heat;

[0017] a heat circulation system for recycling and transferring the heat released by the mineralization reaction device to the gasification device, the heat circulation system comprising:

[0018] a hot air circulation pipeline connecting the hot air outlet of the mineralization reaction device and the hot air inlet of the gasification device;

[0019] a cold air circulation pipeline connecting the cold air outlet of the gasification device and the air inlet of the mineralization reaction device;

[0020] a fan for driving the flow of air in the heat circulation system;

[0021] an intelligent control module for real-time monitoring and controlling the operating state of the system, the intelligent control module comprising:

[0022] a sensor network for collecting the pressure, temperature, and flow of key nodes in the system;

[0023] a controller for dynamic regulation and control according to the collected parameters to achieve dynamic balance of heat and gas flow;

[0024] an adjusting device for adjusting the opening degree of each valve, the rotating speed of the fan, etc. according to the instructions of the controller.

[0025] The system realizes dynamic matching of the heat released by the mineralization reaction device and the heat absorption demand of the gasification device through the heat circulation system, and realizes dynamic coupling regulation and control of heat and gas flow through the intelligent control module.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application include:

[0027] (1) The system constructed by the application is based on a dynamic closed thermal cycle architecture and a heat / mass double-flow synergistic mechanism. With the heat utilization coefficient a as the core of regulation, the dynamic balance between the heat release of mineralization reaction and the heat absorption of gasification is accurately matched to ensure the self-balance of heat within the rated operating conditions of the system, which not only improves the utilization rate of carbon dioxide resources, but also fundamentally eliminates the dependence on external heat sources, and significantly improves the overall thermal cycle efficiency.

[0028] (2) The system runs throughout the whole cycle, relying on the self-adaptive regulation ability of the heat utilization coefficient a parameter chain, effectively coping with the drastic fluctuations of carbon dioxide flow and heat load, dynamically maintaining the temperature field stability of the mineralization reaction device and the accurate matching of the gasification phase change heat demand, and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the system.

[0029] (3) The system embeds a three-level dynamic balance model and a closed-loop feedback control, realizes the closed-loop self-circulation of heat energy and gas flux, and reduces the structural loss of energy. At the same time, the application innovatively solves the technical problem of heat and pressure coupling, controls the a value and the pressure of the mineralization reaction device through explicit synergy, not only ensures the stable operation of the mineralization process in the best pressure interval, but also effectively avoids the safety risks caused by heat imbalance, thereby improving the stability of the mineralization reaction and the consistency of product quality.

[0030] (4) The application has powerful real-time data acquisition, dynamic coupling calculation and multi-loop collaborative regulation functions by deeply embedding a thermodynamic optimization algorithm into an intelligent controller architecture, which significantly improves the system response speed and regulation accuracy, realizes energy minimization and low-carbonization of carbon sequestration process, and has significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0031] (5) The system is not only suitable for current mineralization and gasification coupling devices, but also provides reusable control strategies and architecture paradigms for future carbon capture and utilization technologies based on dynamic closed thermal cycle, and provides solid technical support and promotion foundation for the engineering application of mineralization-gasification integrated device, which has good engineering promotion value and working condition adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The flowchart of the collaborative integrated intelligent control system described in the application is shown in the figure;

[0033] Figure 2 The control logic and feedback mechanism block diagram of the intelligent control system is shown in the figure;

[0034] Figure 3 The heat flow and feedback path diagram is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The key to solving the system coordination dilemma of the present application is to build a dynamic closed heat cycle system of mineralization exothermic and gasification endothermic, and to realize the dynamic coupling of heat and gas flow through intelligent means. By deploying a multi-parameter real-time sensing and intelligent decision-making system, the closed-loop linkage of the heat recovery channel and the gas regulating valve group is synchronously driven, so that the heat energy released by the mineralization reaction is accurately matched with the phase change demand of the carbon dioxide gasification skid, and the gaseous carbon dioxide flux is automatically adjusted according to the mineralization reaction state. This systematic coordination strategy not only eliminates the structural dissipation of energy in the traditional independent operation mode, realizes the self-consistent circulation of cold and heat resources, but also significantly improves the sustained stability of device operation, and finally achieves the dual optimization goals of minimizing external energy consumption and low-carbonization of carbon solidification process.

[0036] The present application can use conventional gas (such as air / carbon dioxide) as a closed-loop energy carrier. Based on the time distribution characteristics of heat release during the mineralization reaction process, the heat released by the mineralization reaction is recovered in stages through the gradient heat exchange channel embedded in the mineralization reaction device, and is used to heat the circulating cold air to form a hot air stream. The hot air stream is transported through an adiabatic insulation pipeline, and is transported to the distributed heat exchange unit inside the gasification skid under the drive of a variable frequency fan, serving as the driving force heat source for gasification phase change, realizing the directional transfer and energy level matching utilization of sensible heat to latent heat.

[0037] The intelligent control module integrated in the system monitors and collects key parameters such as the enthalpy change rate of the mineralization reaction, the heat load demand of the carbon dioxide gasification skid, the temperature gradient of the circulating working medium, and the carbon dioxide phase change flux in real time through a multi-sensing network, and builds a heat / mass double-flow coupled balance model based on heat transfer dynamics and mass conservation principles.

[0038] Under the dynamic guidance of this model, the control system cooperatively adjusts the speed of the variable frequency fan, the opening degree of the circulating air duct proportional valve, and the amount of carbon dioxide gasification required by the mineralization product, realizes the dynamic heat matching (ΔT≤±2℃) between the phase change heat demand of the gasification section and the heat recovery of the mineralization, and ensures the stability of the temperature field in the mineralization reaction device to guarantee the quality of the mineralization product. Ultimately, the heat / mass bidirectional self-balancing operation of the mineralization exothermic and gasification endothermic system under variable working conditions is achieved, and the core operation logic of heat energy closed cycle and dynamic coordination of gas flux is formed.

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0040] As Figure 1As shown, the system of the embodiment of the application mainly comprises: a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 1, a liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 2, a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 3, a carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 (containing an internal distributed heat exchange unit), a gaseous carbon dioxide outlet 5, a gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 6, a cold air outlet 7, an initial cold air discharge pipeline 8, an initial cold air discharge pipeline stop valve 9, a variable frequency fan 10, a hot air inlet 11, a hot air circulation pipeline 12, a mineralization reaction device 13, a gaseous carbon dioxide inlet 14, a hot air outlet 15, an air inlet 16, a cold air circulation pipeline 17, an ambient air conveying pipeline 18, a dust removal net 19, an ambient air flow regulating valve 20, an ambient air conveying pipeline stop valve 21, a dehumidification device 22, a gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 23, a hot air flow regulating valve 24, a cold air flow regulating valve 25, a cold air circulation pipeline stop valve 26, a full-loop heat / mass signal integrated acquisition system (including a gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline pressure sensor 27 and a temperature sensor 28, a hot air circulation pipeline pressure sensor 29 and a temperature sensor 30, a cold air circulation pipeline pressure sensor 31 and a temperature sensor 32), and an intelligent controller 33 integrated with a heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module and a multi-loop collaborative regulation operation unit, and a touch screen 34.

[0041] Further, the mineralization reaction device 13 shell is provided with a gaseous carbon dioxide inlet 14, and a time sequence controlled temperature heat exchange structure is integrated outside the mineralization reaction device shell, which is used for recovering heat released in stages in the mineralization reaction, and the outermost layer is coated with a heat preservation layer, which is used for reducing heat loss. The time sequence controlled temperature heat exchange structure is provided with an air inlet 16 and a hot air outlet 15. The air inlet 16 is provided at the front end with an ambient air conveying pipeline 18 and a cold air circulation pipeline 17, and the hot air outlet 15 is directly connected with the hot air circulation pipeline 12. The ambient air conveying pipeline 18 is provided with a dust removal net 19, an ambient air flow regulating valve 20, an ambient air conveying pipeline stop valve 21 and a dehumidification device 22. The cold air circulation pipeline 17 is provided with a cold air flow regulating valve 25 and a cold air circulation pipeline stop valve 26, one end of which is connected with the air inlet 16, and the other end is connected with the cold air outlet 7 of the carbon dioxide gasification sled. The hot air circulation pipeline 12 is connected with the hot air outlet 15 of the mineralization reaction device and the hot air inlet 11 of the carbon dioxide gasification sled at both ends, respectively, and is provided with a hot air flow regulating valve 24, and the variable frequency fan 10 has an air induction function.

[0042] Further, the carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 3, a gaseous carbon dioxide outlet 5, a cold air outlet 7 and a hot air inlet 11. The liquid carbon dioxide inlet 3 is connected to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 1, and a liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 2 is arranged on the pipeline. The gaseous carbon dioxide outlet 5 is connected to one end of the gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 6, the other end of the gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 6 is connected to the gaseous carbon dioxide inlet 14 of the mineralization reaction device, and a gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 23 is arranged on the gaseous carbon dioxide outlet 5 for regulating the flow of gaseous carbon dioxide. The gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 23 and the liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve 2 are linked through control signals.

[0043] The bottom of the carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 is provided with a cold air outlet 7, which is connected to a cold air circulation pipeline 17 and an initial cold air discharge pipeline 8. The two ends of the cold air circulation pipeline 17 are respectively connected to the cold air outlet 7 of the carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 and the air inlet 16 of the mineralization reaction device. An initial cold air discharge pipeline stop valve 9 is arranged on the initial cold air discharge pipeline 8. The top of the carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 is provided with a hot air inlet 11, which is connected to one end of a hot air circulation pipeline 12, and the other end of the hot air circulation pipeline 12 is connected to a hot air outlet 15 of the mineralization reaction device.

[0044] A full-loop heat / mass signal integrated acquisition system is deployed on each main conveying pipeline, including the gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline 6, a gaseous carbon dioxide conveying pipeline pressure sensor 27 and a temperature sensor 28, the hot air circulation pipeline 12, a hot air circulation pipeline pressure sensor 29 and a temperature sensor 30, the cold air circulation pipeline 17, a cold air circulation pipeline pressure sensor 31 and a temperature sensor 32.

[0045] Further, the intelligent controller 33 integrates a heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module and a multi-loop coordinated control operation unit, is equipped with a touch screen 34, and realizes real-time acquisition and intelligent control of key node parameters of the system. Flow regulating valves connected to the intelligent controller 33 are arranged on all gas and liquid conveying pipelines, to ensure adjustable medium flow.

[0046] Pressure sensors and temperature sensors connected to the intelligent controller 33 are installed on the conveying pipelines between the carbon dioxide gasification sled 4 and the mineralization reaction device 13, to realize real-time acquisition of fluid temperature and pressure data. Based on the heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm, the intelligent controller 33 automatically adjusts the opening degree of the flow regulating valve, to realize accurate and intelligent flow, temperature and pressure control, and ensure that the reaction process operates in an optimal state.

[0047] When the system detects abnormal pipeline pressure, leakage, or exceeds the preset safety threshold, the intelligent controller 33 immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm, and simultaneously stops the operation of the carbon dioxide gasification rig 4 and the mineralization reaction device 13, preventing safety risks and ensuring equipment and personnel safety. The system collects and analyzes real-time temperature, pressure, and other key operating data, and uses intelligent algorithms to accurately determine abnormal conditions and execute safety control measures.

[0048] The frequency conversion fan 10 is arranged on the hot air circulation pipeline 12 at the hot air inlet 11 end of the carbon dioxide gasification rig. The multi-loop coordinated control calculation unit calculates the air volume demand in real time based on the data collected by the sensor network, drives the frequency conversion speed regulation module to adjust the fan speed in real time, and realizes accurate matching of air volume output and system heat exchange demand.

[0049] The dehumidification device 19 is fixedly installed at the flange at the end of the ambient air conveying pipeline 15 and is electrically connected with the intelligent controller 33. The intelligent controller 33 monitors the ambient air humidity in real time through the humidity sensor, and when the humidity is higher than the set threshold, instructs the dehumidification device to increase the dehumidification intensity; when the humidity is lower than the threshold, reduces the dehumidification intensity; ensures that the ambient air reaches the target humidity after dehumidification and enters the heating channel. This intelligent adjustment mechanism accurately controls the operating state of the dehumidification device, ensures stable and efficient operation of the system under different environmental conditions, and improves the overall energy efficiency and dehumidification effect.

[0050] As shown in Figure 2 The control flow of the embodiment of the present application includes real-time collection of parameter signals through various sensors, which are fed back to the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller processes and analyzes the collected data according to the preset control algorithm and issues control signals. The actuators such as frequency conversion fans, flow regulating valves, and shut-off valves are adjusted according to the control signals, and key parameter data are monitored and collected in real time and fed back to the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller adjusts and optimizes the control signals in real time according to the sensor feedback data until the system reaches the internal self-circulation condition. Through the circulation of cold air and hot air, the intelligent controller controls the heat energy recovery in the system, reducing the demand for external heating energy.

[0051] The system also has a warning monitoring function, which can monitor abnormal changes in temperature, pressure, flow, and other data through sensors. If the intelligent controller detects an abnormality according to the preset safety threshold, if it finds that the system is unstable or has a fault (such as temperature exceeding the limit, abnormal pressure, etc.), the warning mechanism will trigger a warning signal and notify the operator through the display screen or the alarm system, maintaining the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0052] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the heat flow and feedback path of the system follows a closed loop control structure, and the core control logic is based on heat balance principle for adjustment. The control system monitors the heat exchange state of each unit in real time, and dynamically optimizes and controls the gasification, mineralization and air preheating process according to the energy balance equation.

[0053] The thermal / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module establishes a three-level dynamic balance system based on the heat generation of mineralization reaction, gasification endothermic and air circulation heat exchange, which specifically includes:

[0054] (1) Heat balance calculation unit: the heat release of mineralization reaction is matched with the heat absorption of gasification, that is, the dynamic ratio of heat release of mineralization reaction and heat required for gasification of liquid carbon dioxide is calculated in real time to ensure the balance of heat supply and demand;

[0055] (2) Flow matching and regulation unit: gas-solid heat transfer is self-adaptive, the target value of fan power is calculated based on the heat demand of gasification, and the flow of hot air and carbon dioxide is adjusted to dynamically match the latent heat and sensible heat demand of circulating air;

[0056] (3) Heat utilization coefficient optimization unit: heat flow dual-parameter closed loop control, taking heat utilization coefficient a as the control variable, dynamically adjusting the mineralization reaction rate, gasification feed flow and air mass flow to maximize heat recovery efficiency and maintain dynamic balance of heat and flow.

[0057] The three-level dynamic balance model inside the system is based on the principle of heat transfer and mass conservation. Through the linkage regulation and control of the heat release of mineralization reaction, air circulation heat exchange and carbon dioxide gasification heat absorption, a dynamic self-balancing mechanism of heat energy closed loop circulation and gas flux coordination is formed. The energy balance calculation and adjustment logic is as follows:

[0058] 1. Heat release of mineralization reaction:

[0059] In the mineralization reaction device, gaseous carbon dioxide reacts with minerals to generate stable carbonate and release heat, converting chemical energy into sensible heat. The heat generated in this part is the source of heat energy of the collaborative integrated dynamic closed heat circulation system. The reaction heat release is expressed as:

[0060] ;

[0061] In the formula, is the molar flow of gaseous carbon dioxide entering the reactor (mol / s); is the unit heat release of mineralization reaction (kJ / mol); is the heat released by mineralization reaction (kJ / s). This heat is used as the main heat source of the system to drive the subsequent heat demand process.

[0062] 2. Circulating air heat absorption and heat exchange process:

[0063] The released mineralization heat is first used to heat the cold air to form a high-temperature air stream that enters the carbon dioxide gasification rig or external heating system through the hot air circulation pipeline. The operating parameters of the fan are adjusted according to the thermal load of the hot air to make the hot air have stable heat-carrying capacity. The heat exchange and heat absorption amount is:

[0064] ;

[0065] In the formula, is the mass flow of hot air (kg / s); is the specific heat capacity of air; and are the temperatures of air entering and leaving the heat exchanger. The heated hot air is used for the gasification process of liquid carbon dioxide.

[0066] 3. Carbon dioxide gasification heat absorption process:

[0067] After the hot air enters the carbon dioxide gasification rig, it relies on the distributed heat exchange unit in the gasification rig to efficiently transfer heat to the liquid carbon dioxide, providing the latent heat and sensible heat required for gasification, vaporizing the liquid carbon dioxide into a gaseous state for subsequent mineralization reactions. The required gasification heat is:

[0068] ;

[0069] In the formula, is the mass flow of liquid carbon dioxide (kg / s); is the latent heat of carbon dioxide gasification; is the heat exchange efficiency of the gasifier. This heat requirement determines the degree of dependence of the gasification section on system heat.

[0070] 4. Circulation energy balance and control objectives:

[0071] The gaseous carbon dioxide produced by the carbon dioxide gasification rig enters the mineralization reaction device through the pipeline to perform chemical reactions, generating heat and forming a closed cycle. To ensure stable system operation and optimal heat utilization, the control unit adjusts the mineralization reaction rate, gasification feed flow, and air mass flow based on heat conservation and mass conservation to maintain the following relationships:

[0072] ;

[0073] In the formula, The heat utilization coefficient is a core control index, and is used to control the proportion of the heat source in the gasification section in real time. The intelligent controller adjusts the air flow rate, the liquid carbon dioxide flow rate, and the mineralization reaction input, so that the three heat terms are approximately equal within a given deviation tolerance. Through this mechanism, the system builds a heat / mass collaborative and gas-heat self-consistent energy closed loop, realizes the cyclic self-consistency of cold and hot resources, minimizes the structural dissipation of energy, and realizes the closed loop balance control of system heat.

[0074] The control method of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

[0075] S10: system initialization and pre-equilibrium stage

[0076] After the system is started, the initial cold air discharge pipeline and the ambient air conveying pipeline are opened, and the cold air circulating pipeline cutoff valve is kept closed, so as to ensure that the cold air has not entered the closed loop circulation. The liquid carbon dioxide flow rate regulating valve is arranged at the liquid carbon dioxide inlet, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide. The initial opening degree of the liquid carbon dioxide flow rate regulating valve is set to 10%, and the gaseous carbon dioxide flow rate regulating valve is synchronously opened.

[0077] The system calculates the target flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide according to the initial heat utilization coefficient a:

[0078] ;

[0079] The actual flow rate is controlled within ±2% of the target value, so as to ensure the stability of the gasification load.

[0080] Subsequently, the intelligent controller performs full-loop diagnosis, confirms that the feedback time of each actuator is less than 5 seconds, and triggers an initialization fault alarm if the time is exceeded. The temperature sensor data of all pipelines are monitored in real time, and a gasification risk warning is triggered if the temperature of any measuring point exceeds the safety setting range.

[0081] The ambient air enters from the ambient air conveying pipeline, is treated by a dust removal net and a dehumidification device, is pushed into the timing temperature control heat exchange structure by a frequency conversion fan, is heated, and then the hot air is conveyed to the carbon dioxide gasification sled device through the hot air circulating pipeline. The fan system adopts a proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm:

[0082] ;

[0083] In the formula, ω0 is the initial rotating speed setting value of the fan; is the proportional gain coefficient; is the air target temperature; is the air temperature feedback signal; is the integral gain coefficient.

[0084] ​The temperature sensor feedback data based on hot air circulation pipeline dynamically adjusts the fan speed to realize precise control of the hot air outlet temperature.

[0085] When the carbon dioxide gasification prying cold air outlet temperature is lower than the ambient air temperature , the system keeps the cold air straight discharge state, closes the cold air circulation pipeline stop valve, and prevents the closed loop circulation from being opened. If the discharge flow fluctuation exceeds ± 15%, the cold air discharge flow abnormal alarm is triggered.

[0086] During the whole stage, the system continuously dynamically adjusts the variable frequency fan running state to ensure that the air heating channel outlet temperature is stable at the preset target value, realizing the pre-equilibrium of the heat energy system.

[0087] S20: Gasification and mineralization integrated control stage

[0088] The system enters the gasification and mineralization collaborative control state, and the intelligent controller collects the mineralization reaction enthalpy change rate and the gasification heat load demand :

[0089] ;

[0090] If , the system appropriately increases the gasification rate, allowing larger liquid carbon dioxide gasification flow; if , the gasification load is reduced to avoid temperature being too low due to insufficient heat.

[0091] At the same time, according to the gasification heat load demand, the circulating air mass flow is calculated:

[0092] ;

[0093] The intelligent controller adjusts the variable frequency fan speed ω and the hot air flow regulating valve opening to ensure that the hot air flow and the gasification heat load are dynamically matched.

[0094] The liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve calculates the target flow according to the gasification latent heat demand :

[0095] ;

[0096] The gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve is linked to adjust to ensure that the liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide flows are coordinated and synchronized.

[0097] This stage continues to use multi-parameter closed loop feedback control to ensure the dynamic balance between mineralization reaction heat release and gasification heat absorption, realizing the collaborative optimization of the two processes.

[0098] S30: Closed loop heat energy circulation stage

[0099] The system opens and closes the heat cycle mode. When the carbon dioxide gasification pry dress cold air outlet temperature is higher than the ambient air temperature, the intelligent controller opens the cold air circulation pipeline stop valve, realizing the closed loop cold air flow.

[0100] The temperature gradient of circulating cold air and hot air is monitored by a multi-sensor network, and the temperature, pressure and flow of key nodes are collected, and double-parameter closed-loop control of heat and flow is implemented:

[0101] ;

[0102] Target heat utilization coefficient Maximize heat recovery efficiency.

[0103] The temperature deviation is controlled within ±2℃, and the system adjusts the frequency of the fan and the valve opening to dynamically match the heat load of the mineralization exothermic section and the gasification endothermic section, ensuring the stability of the temperature field and the quality of the mineralized products.

[0104] The closed-loop system realizes self-consistent circulation of heat energy, dynamically stabilizes gas flux, and improves the overall system thermal efficiency and operation stability.

[0105] S40: Multi-level safety protection

[0106] This phase includes two subsystems, early warning mechanism and interlock protection mechanism, to build a full-process safety monitoring and response control structure to ensure the reliable and safe operation of the gasification and mineralization process.

[0107] S41: Early warning mechanism

[0108] During system operation, the early warning mechanism, as the first response logic of multi-level safety protection, is responsible for continuous monitoring of the system thermal / quality state, and responds in advance at the initial stage of abnormality to ensure that the system has sufficient dynamic control redundancy. This mechanism is based on the joint operation of the embedded multi-parameter monitoring network and the intelligent controller, using a three-level early warning strategy of "zoning limit + correlation judgment + trend prediction", as follows:

[0109] (1) Zoning limit strategy (real-time threshold judgment)

[0110] The system sets limits for key parameters according to spatial and functional zoning, including:

[0111] Pressure monitoring points: located in high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, mineralization reaction device, gasification pry heat exchange chamber, gaseous carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, cold / hot air circulation pipeline;

[0112] Temperature monitoring points: located at the outlet and inlet of hot / cold air, mineralization reaction device and carbon dioxide gasification pry dress outlet;

[0113] Flow monitoring points: Set in the air circulation pipeline, liquid / gaseous carbon dioxide main channel;

[0114] Response time monitoring points: Through bus data return frequency and timestamp comparison.

[0115] Within the operating cycle, not less than 2 times of full loop data scanning per second, compared with the following static or dynamic set threshold values:

[0116] Upper limit of pressure warning value; temperature deviation tolerance ±5℃; air flow fluctuation tolerance ±15%; carbon dioxide flux deviation tolerance ±5%; response delay tolerance 5 seconds. Once any single point parameter is over limit, a first level "single point warning" signal is triggered, and the next step is entered.

[0117] (2) Associated judgment strategy (multi-point comprehensive linkage identification)

[0118] On the basis of single point warning, the controller automatically executes cross judgment of key paths, avoids false positives, and improves the system's autonomous identification capability. The main triggering rules are as follows:

[0119] If both of the following conditions occur: cold air flow fluctuation exceeds ±15%, and carbon dioxide gasification pressure rise exceeds the upper limit, then it is determined that there is a "cold side blockage" risk, triggering a second level warning.

[0120] If both of the following conditions occur: hot air temperature drops out of the target interval (T ℃), and mineralization reaction temperature lag feedback exceeds 10 seconds, then it is determined that there is a "heat source interruption" trend, triggering a trend type warning.

[0121] If multiple points (≥3) continuously fluctuate within a short period of time (more than 3 times of over-limit within 3 minutes), and the fluctuation direction is consistent, then the system infers that there is a non-steady state disturbance trend, triggering a third level "trend prediction" warning.

[0122] Such multi-point associated judgment relies on preset matrix logic and historical data modeling, and has forward-looking identification capability for key process disturbances.

[0123] (3) Trend prediction mechanism (time series data learning and response guidance)

[0124] The intelligent controller has embedded thermal / mass dynamic modeling unit, which fits the fluctuation rate and periodic change of each parameter, and judges whether the current change constitutes an upward / downward trend based on time sliding window. For variables such as temperature and flow, the system extracts the change rate, and if a parameter shows monotonicity within a fixed period of time and the change rate exceeds the set value, it is considered as a trend start. Once the trend is established, the system will make minor adjustments to the linkage valves and fan speed in advance, actively "cutting off" the abnormal trend.

[0125] S42: Interlock protection mechanism

[0126] When the system detects a serious anomaly or multiple warnings are triggered, it enters the automatic interlock protection mode. The specific operations are as follows:

[0127] (1) Gas supply interlock: Immediately close the liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve; synchronously close the gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve; and stop the operation of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger inside the gasification skid.

[0128] (2) Interlocking of fan and heat cycle: The variable frequency fan stops running, the flow regulating valve of the hot air circulation pipe is closed; the stop valve of the cold air circulation pipe is closed synchronously; to prevent local overheating or incomplete gasification due to lack of air flow.

[0129] (3) Isolation interlock of the reaction device: close the air inlet and outlet of the mineralization reaction device; keep the shell temperature in the safe attenuation range to prevent thermal shock.

[0130] (4) Alarm and system disconnection: Trigger the sound and light alarm device to prompt manual intervention; automatically enter the "safety shutdown" state and lock all electric actuators; the system generates an abnormality report and uploads it to the main control platform.

[0131] S50: System shutdown control

[0132] This phase is used to ensure that the system enters a safe and stable shutdown state after the carbon solidification reaction is completed. It includes the following three sub-processes: shutdown determination, coordinated load reduction program, and reset operation.

[0133] (1) Shutdown determination conditions

[0134] The system continuously monitors the temperature of the mineralization reaction device through the temperature sensor , when the temperature is lower than the shutdown threshold , and lasts for more than 10 minutes, the system will determine that "mineralization reaction is completed" and start the system coordinated load reduction process.

[0135] (2) Coordinated load shedding

[0136] To ensure a smooth transition between gasification heat load and mineralization heat release, the system performs load reduction according to the following logic:

[0137] Set the initial value of heat utilization coefficient to ; Every interval Decreasing value , until the minimum threshold is reached ; Every time After adjustment, the liquid carbon dioxide flow control valve opening and the variable frequency fan speed are adjusted in conjunction to ensure that the hot air flow is dynamically matched with the demand for latent heat of vaporization and sensible heat; the fan speed ω adjustment can be adjusted according to a linear or nonlinear function with Associations, such as:

[0138] ;

[0139] wherein the function may be a proportional function, ensuring that the air volume decreases reasonably with the heat load.

[0140] (3) System reset operation

[0141] When the heat utilization coefficient is lower than the reset threshold , the system performs the reset step:

[0142] Close the cold air circulation pipeline stop valve to stop the closed-loop circulation; open the initial cold air discharge pipeline stop valve to discharge the remaining cold air; close the liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valves to disconnect the gas flow path; the fan executes the purging program and then stops; the system state enters the initialization standby state, preparing for the next start.

[0143] The above parameters can be dynamically adjusted and optimized according to the actual equipment and working conditions to ensure safe and efficient operation of the system.

[0144] The above-described embodiments are only to describe the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not to limit the scope of the application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide mineral thermal gasification coordinated integrated intelligent control system, characterized in that: include: A gasification device for gasifying liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide, the gasification device comprising: a liquid carbon dioxide inlet, for receiving liquid carbon dioxide; A gaseous carbon dioxide outlet for outputting gasified carbon dioxide; Hot air inlet for promoting the gasification process of liquid carbon dioxide; A mineralization reaction device for performing a carbon dioxide mineralization reaction, comprising: a gaseous carbon dioxide inlet, for receiving gaseous carbon dioxide from a gasification device; an air inlet for introducing ambient air; Hot air outlet, used to discharge heated hot air; A mineralization reaction zone, used for conducting carbon dioxide mineralization reaction and releasing heat; A heat circulation system is used to recover the heat released by the mineralization reaction device and transfer it to the gasification device. The heat circulation system includes: A hot air circulation pipeline connecting the hot air outlet of the mineralization reaction device and the hot air inlet of the gasification device; A cold air circulation pipeline connecting the cold air outlet of the gasification device and the air inlet of the mineralization reaction device; Fan, used to drive air to flow in the heat circulation system; An intelligent control module is used to monitor and control the operating status of the system in real time. The intelligent control module includes: Sensor networks are used to collect pressure, temperature, and flow at key nodes in the system; The controller is used to dynamically adjust and control according to the collected parameters to achieve a dynamic balance between heat and gas flow; The regulating device is used to adjust the opening of each valve, the speed of the fan, etc. according to the instructions of the controller. The system achieves dynamic matching of the heat released by the mineralization reaction device and the heat absorption demand of the gasification device through a heat circulation system, and realizes dynamic coupling regulation of heat and gas flow using an intelligent control module.

2. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gasification device further comprises: A liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve is provided at the liquid carbon dioxide inlet for regulating the flow of liquid carbon dioxide; The gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve is provided at the gaseous carbon dioxide outlet and is used to regulate the flow of the gaseous carbon dioxide. The liquid carbon dioxide flow regulating valve and the gaseous carbon dioxide flow regulating valve are coordinated through control signals to ensure the stability and efficiency of the gasification process.

3. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mineralization reaction device also includes: The time-sequential temperature-controlled heat exchange structure is arranged outside the shell of the mineralization reaction device and is used to recover the heat released by the mineralization reaction in stages; The thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the outermost layer of the mineralization reaction device to reduce heat loss.

4. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The thermal cycle system further comprises: A variable frequency fan is installed on the hot air circulation duct and is used to adjust the air volume according to the instructions of the intelligent control module to match the heat demand of the gasification device; The hot air flow regulating valve is arranged on the hot air circulation pipe and is used to adjust the flow of hot air; The cold air flow regulating valve is arranged on the cold air circulation pipe to adjust the flow of cold air.

5. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The intelligent control module also includes: Heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module, used to establish a dynamic equilibrium model of mineralization reaction exothermicity and gasification endothermicity; The multi-loop collaborative control operation unit is used to adjust the operating parameters of each control system in real time based on the data collected by the sensor network.

6. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module specifically includes: Heat balance calculation unit: Real-time calculation of the dynamic ratio between the heat released by the mineralization reaction and the heat required by the gasification process to ensure the balance between heat supply and demand; Flow matching control unit: According to the heat demand of the gasification process, the hot air flow and gaseous carbon dioxide flow are dynamically adjusted to match the heat release rate of the mineralization reaction; Heat utilization coefficient optimization unit: Using the heat utilization coefficient as a control variable, the mineralization reaction rate, gasification feed flow rate and air mass flow rate are dynamically adjusted to maximize the heat recovery efficiency.

7. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: According to the heat demand of the gasification process, the fan power target value is dynamically calculated and the hot air flow rate is adjusted so that the heat carrying capacity of the circulating air dynamically matches the latent heat and sensible heat requirements of the gasification process.

8. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The heat / mass dual-flow dynamic coupling algorithm module also includes the following calculations: Calculation of heat release of mineralization reaction: Calculate the heat released by the mineralization reaction based on the unit heat release of the mineralization reaction and the molar flow rate of gaseous carbon dioxide; Calculation of heat absorption and heat exchange of circulating air: Calculate the heat absorption of circulating air based on the mass flow rate of hot air, specific heat capacity of air and inlet and outlet temperatures of air; Calculation of heat absorption during carbon dioxide gasification: Calculate the heat required for the gasification process based on the mass flow rate of liquid carbon dioxide, latent heat of gasification, and heat exchange efficiency of the gasifier.

9. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The intelligent control module also includes: An early warning mechanism is used to monitor the system's operating status in real time and trigger an early warning signal when an anomaly is detected; The interlock protection mechanism is used to automatically execute safety protection measures when serious abnormalities or multiple warnings are detected, including closing the flow control valve, stopping the fan operation and triggering the sound and light alarm.

10. The integrated intelligent control system for carbon dioxide mining and thermal gasification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises: Initial cold air discharge duct, used to discharge cold air at the initial stage of system startup; The initial cold air discharge pipe stop valve is used to control the opening and closing of the initial cold air discharge pipe.

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