Hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen cell water-gas separation device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises a separation shell, and a cyclone separation cavity, a heat exchange condensation cavity and a hydrogen mixing cavity which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top are arranged in the separation shell. The technical problem that a traditional gas-liquid separator cannot thoroughly remove micron-sized liquid drops is solved, liquid water drops are efficiently removed through the cyclone separation cavity, new hydrogen and wet hydrogen are subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchange condensation cavity, residual liquid drops are sufficiently condensed and separated out, and finally mixed hydrogen with the dryness meeting the requirement is output. And the anode flooding problem of the fuel cell is effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular to a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for unmanned aerial vehicles. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel cells have important application value in the power system of unmanned aerial vehicles due to their high energy density and zero emission characteristics. During the operation of fuel cells, the wet hydrogen gas discharged from the anode outlet after the hydrogen participates in the reaction usually contains a large amount of unreacted hydrogen, liquid water droplets and other components. If the wet hydrogen is not effectively separated and directly recycled to the stack, the water in it will condense and accumulate inside the stack, causing anode flooding, hindering hydrogen transmission and reducing battery performance, and even causing fuel cell failure in severe cases.

[0003] Currently, fuel cell systems usually use gas-liquid separators to preliminarily process wet hydrogen to remove liquid water. Traditional separation techniques mainly rely on mechanical separation (such as cyclone separation, inertial impact or filtration, etc.), which can remove most liquid water droplets, but the separation effect of micron-sized and smaller droplets is poor. Therefore, the hydrogen gas after separation may still carry a certain amount of water, which gradually condenses inside the stack during the circulation process, ultimately affecting the stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0004] In addition, unmanned aerial vehicles have high requirements for the lightweight and compactness of the power system, while traditional gas-liquid separation devices are often complex in structure or large in size, making it difficult to meet the integration needs of unmanned aerial vehicle fuel cell systems. At the same time, existing technologies usually only use single-stage separation, which is difficult to balance the efficient removal of liquid water and high-humidity gas, resulting in insufficient hydrogen dryness. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for unmanned aerial vehicles is provided, which is provided with a cyclone separation chamber, a heat exchange condensation chamber and a hydrogen mixing chamber distributed in the separation shell from bottom to top. The structure combines multi-stage separation and heat exchange, solves the technical problem that traditional gas-liquid separators cannot completely remove micron-sized droplets, efficiently removes liquid water droplets through the cyclone separation chamber, and then uses the heat exchange condensation chamber to exchange heat with fresh hydrogen and wet hydrogen, so that the remaining droplets are fully condensed and precipitated, and finally the mixed hydrogen gas with the required dryness is output, effectively avoiding the problem of anode flooding of fuel cells.

[0006] To solve the prior art problems, the application provides a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for unmanned aerial vehicles, which comprises a separation shell, an inner part of the separation shell is sequentially provided with a cyclone separation cavity, a heat exchange condensation cavity and a hydrogen gas mixing cavity from bottom to top; a side wall of the cyclone separation cavity is provided with a tangential wet hydrogen inlet, a top part of the cyclone separation cavity is provided with a primary separation outlet communicated with the heat exchange condensation cavity, and a bottom part of the cyclone separation cavity is provided with a primary water collecting port; the heat exchange condensation cavity comprises a new hydrogen heat exchange channel and a wet hydrogen heat exchange channel which are independent of each other, two ends of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel are connected with a new hydrogen source and the hydrogen gas mixing cavity respectively, two ends of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel are connected with the primary separation outlet and the hydrogen gas mixing cavity respectively, and a bottom part of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel is provided with a secondary water collecting port; the cyclone separation cavity is provided with a flow guide channel communicated with the secondary water collecting port and the primary water collecting port; and a top part of the hydrogen gas mixing cavity is provided with a hydrogen mixing outlet.

[0007] Preferably, a bottom part of the primary water collecting port is provided with an intermittent drainage mechanism, the intermittent drainage mechanism comprises a blocking disc arranged below the primary water collecting port, drainage valve ports are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the blocking disc, and a valve core is arranged in each drainage valve port, and the valve core is moved to open the corresponding drainage valve port when water pressure at the primary water collecting port reaches a preset pressure value.

[0008] Preferably, the intermittent drainage mechanism further comprises a driving shaft vertically penetrating the cyclone separation cavity and extending to the heat exchange condensation cavity, and an airflow driving assembly comprising a plurality of arc-shaped flow guide vanes arranged at a top end of the driving shaft, the arc-shaped flow guide vanes are located on a new hydrogen airflow path of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel, and the driving shaft is driven to rotate by hydrogen impact force, the blocking disc is coaxially and fixedly connected with a bottom end of the driving shaft, and linkage control of hydraulic collection and rotation driving is realized.

[0009] Preferably, the cyclone separation cavity is further provided with a conical screen distributed in the circumferential direction of the driving shaft, and the conical screen is fixedly connected with the driving shaft.

[0010] Preferably, an engagement part of the blocking disc and the primary water collecting port is provided with an annular sealing structure, a top part of the blocking disc forms an annular water collecting groove arranged in a coaxial manner, the drainage valve ports are arranged in a penetrating manner in the radial direction of the annular water collecting groove, each drainage valve port is provided with a guide sliding groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the drainage valve port on both sides of the drainage valve port, the valve core is slidably arranged in the guide sliding groove, and a bottom part of the guide sliding groove is provided with an elastic reset mechanism for keeping the valve core in a normally closed state.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic reset mechanism comprises a spring arranged between the bottom part of the guide sliding groove and the valve core, and a limiting boss formed at an opening end of the guide sliding groove for restricting the maximum displacement stroke of the valve core.

[0012] Preferably, a working surface of the valve core is provided with a flow guide inclined surface, an acute angle is formed between an inclined direction of the flow guide inclined surface and a movement direction of the valve core, and the flow guide inclined surface converts fluid pressure into an opening component force of the valve core when water pressure acts.

[0013] Preferably, the heat exchange condensing cavity is provided with a spiral heat exchange mechanism, which comprises: a spiral flat tube coaxially and discoidally arranged in the middle of the heat exchange condensing cavity, the outer wall of the spiral flat tube and the inner wall of the cavity form a spiral wet hydrogen heat exchange channel; the inside of the spiral flat tube forms a new hydrogen heat exchange channel, the inlet of which extends to the outside of the separation shell, and the outlet communicates with a hydrogen mixing cavity; an upper baffle and a lower baffle are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the spiral flat tube; the center of the upper baffle is provided with a gas guide port communicating the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel and the hydrogen mixing cavity; the edge of the lower baffle is provided with a gas inlet port communicating the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel and the primary separation outlet; wherein the outer wall of the spiral flat tube and the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel together constitute a gas-gas heat exchange structure.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrogen mixing cavity comprises a double-layer flow channel structure coaxially arranged, which has: a center flow channel directly communicating with the outlet of the spiral flat tube, the middle diameter of which is smaller than the diameters at both ends; an annular flow channel coaxially surrounding the center flow channel and communicating with the gas guide port; the center flow channel and the annular flow channel are communicated through circumferentially distributed mixing ports.

[0015] Preferably, the cyclone separation cavity is provided with a flow guide collection mechanism, which comprises: a collection cylinder, the side wall of which is provided with the wet hydrogen inlet; a conical transition section connected to the top of the collection cylinder; a connecting pipe section extendingly arranged at the top end of the conical transition section, the pipe diameter of which is smaller than the primary separation outlet and the top end of which is provided with a wet hydrogen discharge port higher than the primary separation outlet; the collection cylinder, the conical transition section and the inner wall of the separation shell form the flow guide channel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are:

[0017] The application solves the technical problem that the traditional gas-liquid separator cannot completely remove the micron-sized liquid drops by arranging the cyclone separation cavity, the heat exchange condensation cavity and the hydrogen mixing cavity in the separation shell in sequence from bottom to top, adopting the structure combining multi-stage separation and heat exchange, realizing efficient removal of liquid water drops by the cyclone separation cavity, and then performing heat exchange on the new hydrogen and wet hydrogen by the heat exchange condensation cavity to make the residual liquid drops fully condense and precipitate, finally outputting the mixed hydrogen gas with required dryness, effectively avoiding the problem of fuel cell anode flooding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0019] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0021] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a spiral heat exchange mechanism in a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0022] Figure 5 is a perspective exploded view of an intermittent drainage mechanism in a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of

[0024] Figure 7 is Figure 5 B partial enlarged view of

[0025] Figure 8 is a perspective exploded view of a spiral heat exchange mechanism in a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0026] Figure 9 is Figure 8A local enlarged view of C in FIG.

[0027] Figure 10 is a top view of an intermittent drainage mechanism of a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV.

[0028] The figure labels are: 1, separation shell; 11, cyclone separation chamber; 111, wet hydrogen inlet; 112, primary separation outlet; 113, primary water collection port; 114, flow guide channel; 12, heat exchange condensation chamber; 121, wet hydrogen heat exchange channel; 122, new hydrogen heat exchange channel; 123, secondary water collection port; 13, hydrogen gas mixing chamber; 131, mixed hydrogen discharge port; 132, central flow channel; 133, annular flow channel; 134, mixing port; 2, intermittent drainage mechanism; 21, blocking disc; 211, drainage valve port; 212, guide chute; 22, valve core; 221, flow guide slope; 23, drive shaft; 24, arc flow guide piece; 25, conical screen; 26, annular water collecting tank; 271, spring; 272, limiting boss; 3, spiral heat exchange mechanism; 31, spiral flat tube; 32, upper baffle; 321, gas inlet; 33, lower baffle; 331, gas inlet; 4, flow guide collection mechanism; 41, collection cylinder; 42, conical transition section; 43, connecting pipe section; 431, wet hydrogen discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further understand the features, technical means and specific purposes and functions achieved by the present application, the present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] As Figures 1-4 shown, a hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for a UAV, comprising: a separation shell 1, which is internally provided with a cyclone separation chamber 11, a heat exchange condensation chamber 12 and a hydrogen gas mixing chamber 13 from bottom to top; the side wall of the cyclone separation chamber 11 is provided with a tangential wet hydrogen inlet 111, the top is provided with a primary separation outlet 112 communicating with the heat exchange condensation chamber 12, and the bottom is provided with a primary water collection port 113; the heat exchange condensation chamber 12 comprises a new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 and a wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 which are independent of each other, the two ends of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 are connected with a new hydrogen source and the hydrogen gas mixing chamber 13 respectively, the two ends of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 are connected with the primary separation outlet 112 and the hydrogen gas mixing chamber 13 respectively, and the bottom of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 is provided with a secondary water collection port 123; the cyclone separation chamber 11 is provided with a flow guide channel 114 which communicates the secondary water collection port 123 with the primary water collection port 113; the top of the hydrogen gas mixing chamber 13 is provided with a mixed hydrogen discharge port 131.

[0031] The inside of the separation shell 1 is sequentially provided with a cyclone separation chamber 11, a heat exchange condensation chamber 12 and a hydrogen mixing chamber 13 from bottom to top. The side wall of the cyclone separation chamber 11 is provided with a tangential wet hydrogen inlet 111, and the wet hydrogen gas flows into the chamber at a high speed in a tangential direction to form a stable rotating gas flow inside the chamber, and the liquid droplets are preliminarily separated by centrifugal action to effectively reduce the water content carried in the gas flow. The top of the cyclone separation chamber 11 is provided with a primary separation outlet 112 communicating with the heat exchange condensation chamber 12, and the bottom is provided with a primary water collecting port 113 for collecting the liquid water thrown out in the rotating process to realize the first stage of water removal operation. In order to prevent the gas flow from carrying liquid droplets into the heat exchange area, a gas-liquid separation baffle or a turbulence guide structure can be further arranged inside the cyclone separation chamber 11 to enhance the separation effect.

[0032] The heat exchange condensation chamber 12 is used for further condensation treatment of the wet hydrogen gas after preliminary cyclone separation to realize deep water removal and improve the purity of hydrogen. The inside of the chamber is provided with two independent heat exchange channels, including a new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 and a wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121. The two ends of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 are connected with a new hydrogen source and the hydrogen mixing chamber 13 respectively, and the new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 is used as a heat source to provide heat exchange conditions with the wet hydrogen gas, and the effective heat exchange is realized by using the temperature difference between the new hydrogen and the wet hydrogen, while the temperature of the wet hydrogen gas is controlled to reduce, so as to promote the condensation and precipitation of residual liquid droplets. The two ends of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 are connected with the primary separation outlet 112 and the hydrogen mixing chamber 13 respectively, and the wet hydrogen gas enters the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 after cyclone separation to exchange heat with the new hydrogen gas, so as to further condense the residual liquid droplets. In order to improve the condensation efficiency, fins, micro-channel structures or nano coatings with high heat conductivity can be arranged in the heat exchange channel to enhance the heat conduction and condensation surface area. The bottom of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122 is provided with a secondary water collecting port 123 for discharging the water precipitated in the heat exchange process to ensure the purity of the gas flow. In order to realize unified drainage management, a flow guide channel 114 is arranged in the cyclone separation chamber 11 to connect the secondary water collecting port 123 with the primary water collecting port 113 to form a unified drainage path, which reduces the complexity of the pipeline and improves the maintenance convenience.

[0033] The hydrogen mixing chamber 13 is used for mixing and balancing the hydrogen after multi-stage water removal treatment to ensure the stability and consistency of the output hydrogen quality. The top of the chamber is provided with a mixed hydrogen outlet 131 for outputting the high-purity hydrogen mixed uniformly to supply fuel cells or hydrogen storage devices. In order to enhance the mixing effect, turbulence structures or flow dividing blades can be arranged inside the chamber to fully mix the hydrogen from different sources in the chamber to avoid the influence of uneven concentration or local temperature difference on the system performance.

[0034] Wet hydrogen first enters the cyclone separation cavity 11 through the tangential inlet, and is preliminarily separated from gas under the action of centrifugal force. Larger liquid droplets are thrown to the cavity wall and discharged through the primary water collection port 113. After the preliminary separation, the gas rises to the heat exchange condensing cavity 12. In this process, the new hydrogen and the wet hydrogen exchange heat in opposite directions through independent channels. The low-temperature characteristics of the new hydrogen promote the condensation of residual liquid droplets in the wet hydrogen. The condensed water is collected through the secondary water collection port 123 and then discharged through the flow guide channel 114. Finally, the hydrogen gas that has been deeply dried is fully mixed with the new hydrogen in the mixing cavity and then output, ensuring that the hydrogen gas entering the stack has an ideal degree of dryness.

[0035] As shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3 , the bottom of the primary water collection port 113 is provided with an intermittent drainage mechanism 2. The intermittent drainage mechanism 2 includes a plugging disc 21 arranged below the primary water collection port 113, and a valve core 22 arranged in each drainage valve port 211. When the water pressure at the primary water collection port 113 reaches a preset pressure value, the valve core 22 moves to open the corresponding drainage valve port 211.

[0036] The bottom of the primary water collection port 113 is provided with an intermittent drainage mechanism 2 for periodic discharge of water under certain water pressure conditions, thereby avoiding gas leakage or increased system energy consumption caused by continuous drainage. The intermittent drainage mechanism 2 includes a plugging disc 21 and a plurality of valve core 22 assemblies. The plugging disc 21 is fixedly installed below the primary water collection port 113. The structure is circular or polygonal, and the material can be a high-strength corrosion-resistant composite material to adapt to the hydrogen environment and have good sealing performance. The circumference of the plugging disc 21 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of drainage valve ports 211. Each valve port is provided with a corresponding valve core 22 for automatic opening and closing under the action of water pressure.

[0037] The valve core 22 maintains a closed state without external force, blocking the liquid passage. When the water pressure in the primary water collection port 113 due to the rise of accumulated liquid exceeds the preset pressure value, the valve core 22 is pressed to move axially, pushing the corresponding drainage valve port 211 to open and realizing instantaneous discharge of liquid. When the pressure in the cavity drops below the threshold value, the valve core 22 is reset to close under the action of gravity or spring 271 reset force, completing a drainage cycle. This structure realizes passive control through water pressure driving, without the need for external electrical control devices, simplifying system design, reducing energy consumption, and improving reliability.

[0038] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the intermittent drainage mechanism 2 further comprises a drive shaft 23 vertically penetrating the cyclone separation chamber 11 and extending to the heat exchange condensation chamber 12; an airflow driving assembly comprising a plurality of arc-shaped guide vanes 24 arranged at the top end of the drive shaft 23, the arc-shaped guide vanes 24 being located on the new hydrogen gas flow path of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 and driving the drive shaft 23 to rotate through the impact force of hydrogen gas; and the sealing disc 21 is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the drive shaft 23 to realize the linkage control of water collection and rotation driving.

[0039] The drive shaft 23 penetrates from the top of the cyclone separation chamber 11 downward and extends to the heat exchange condensation chamber 12 region, and is coaxially fixed to the sealing disc 21 below the primary water collection port 113, thereby realizing the cooperative linkage of water collection and rotation opening and closing in structure. The drive shaft 23 is made of lightweight high-strength material, and can be hollow inside to reduce the overall weight, while a guide support structure is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body to ensure the stability and low friction operation of rotation.

[0040] An airflow driving assembly is arranged at the top end of the drive shaft 23, which is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped guide vanes 24. The guide vanes are spirally or angularly distributed and arranged on the main passing path of the new hydrogen gas flow in the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 at an optimal angle. When the system is running, the new hydrogen gas flows at high speed through the guide vanes, and a tangential driving force is generated under the impact of the guide vanes, so that the drive shaft 23 continuously rotates. This process does not require an additional power source, and can realize kinetic energy conversion, effectively improving the energy efficiency ratio of the system.

[0041] The rotation power is transmitted to the sealing disc 21 below through the drive shaft 23, and the sealing disc 21 rotates synchronously. When the centrifugal force of the liquid water and the centrifugal force generated thereby is greater than the closing force of the valve core 22, intermittent drainage opening and closing control is realized. Under the combined action of the centrifugal force of the liquid water on the guide slope 221 of the valve core 22 and the water pressure, the valve core 22 can move and open. A traditional drainage valve may need to accumulate a large amount of water to generate sufficient pressure to open. However, by means of centrifugal force, the device can quickly gather a small amount of water and form a local high pressure, thereby triggering drainage at the initial stage of water accumulation. This effectively prevents a large amount of water from accumulating at the bottom of the separation shell 1, avoids problems such as weight increase, balance destruction, and separation efficiency reduction, and effectively prevents the overall weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle from gradually increasing with the generation of liquid water when the device is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0042] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the cyclone separation chamber 11 is further provided with a conical screen 25 distributed circumferentially along the drive shaft 23, and the conical screen 25 is fixedly connected with the drive shaft 23.

[0043] The cyclone separation chamber 11 is coaxially provided with a dynamic separation assembly, which comprises:

[0044] A conical screen 25 is fixed to the middle of the driving shaft 23 with its large end upward, and the taper angle is 15°-30°.

[0045] The mesh of the conical screen 25 is gradually distributed, and the upper area has a pore size of 0.3-0.5mm, and the lower area has a pore size of 0.1-0.2mm.

[0046] The outer edge of the conical screen 25 forms a dynamic gap of 1-3mm with the inner wall of the cyclone separation chamber 11.

[0047] When the driving shaft 23 rotates, the conical screen 25 produces dual effects of centrifugal separation and mechanical filtration.

[0048] The conical screen 25 produces shearing effect on the water mist, which promotes the collision and aggregation of small droplets into large droplets, and the centrifugal force throws the droplets to the outside of the conical screen 25, which is collected into the primary water collection port 113 through the guide groove; the dynamic conical screen 25 avoids the risk of blockage of the traditional static screen.

[0049] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 , the junction between the blocking disc 21 and the primary water collection port 113 is provided with an annular sealing structure; the top of the blocking disc 21 forms an annular water collection groove 26 arranged coaxially; the drain valve port 211 is provided through the radial direction of the annular water collection groove 26; each drain valve port 211 is provided with a guide sliding groove 212 perpendicular to the extension direction of the drain valve port 211 on both sides; the valve core 22 is slidably arranged in the guide sliding groove 212; the bottom of the guide sliding groove 212 is provided with an elastic reset mechanism for keeping the valve core 22 in a normally closed state.

[0050] The annular sealing structure is provided between the blocking disc 21 and the primary water collection port 113. The sealing structure can adopt a flexible corrosion-resistant sealing ring or a metal lip ring.

[0051] The annular water collection groove 26 is coaxially arranged on the top of the blocking disc 21, which is used to collect the liquid water dripping or converging from the primary water collection port 113, so as to make it flow into the drain passage, avoiding the dispersion or splashing of water flow to cause structural pollution or reduce the drainage efficiency.

[0052] Each drain valve port 211 is provided with a guide sliding groove 212 consistent with the vertical direction thereof, and the guide sliding groove 212 is used to limit the movement direction of the valve core 22, so that it can only slide along the linear path perpendicular to the drainage direction. The valve core 22 is slidably installed in the guide sliding groove 212.

[0053] The bottom of the guide sliding groove 212 is provided with an elastic reset mechanism, such as a micro-spiral spring 271, a wave spring or an elastic sheet structure, to maintain the valve core 22 in the normally closed position in the non-working state. When the liquid water in the water collecting tank reaches a certain volume, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sealing disc 21 acts on the valve core 22, if the combined force exceeds the closing force threshold provided by the reset mechanism, the valve core 22 will overcome the elastic force and slide outward to open the drain valve port 211 to achieve instantaneous drainage; after the water volume decreases, the pressure and the centrifugal force decrease, the elastic mechanism resets the valve core 22 to close, completing a drainage cycle.

[0054] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the elastic reset mechanism includes: a spring 271 arranged between the bottom of the guide sliding groove 212 and the valve core 22; a limiting boss 272 formed at the open end of the guide sliding groove 212 for restricting the maximum displacement stroke of the valve core 22.

[0055] The spring 271 is arranged between the bottom of the guide sliding groove 212 and the lower end of the valve core 22 to provide a continuous elastic restoring force inward (i.e. in the closing direction). The spring 271 preferably adopts a small high-elasticity alloy compression spring, which can withstand frequent compression during drainage and can work stably for a long time in a high-humidity, hydrogen or corrosive environment. The stiffness coefficient of the spring 271 should be designed dynamically according to the required opening pressure and the mass of the valve core 22 to ensure that when the liquid water accumulates to a certain amount and the centrifugal force is superimposed, the elastic resistance can be overcome to realize the sliding of the valve core 22.

[0056] The limiting boss 272 is formed at the open end of the guide sliding groove 212 (i.e. the terminal end of the valve core 22 sliding out direction) to physically restrict the maximum outward sliding stroke of the valve core 22, thereby preventing the valve core 22 from being thrown out of the sliding groove under the action of strong centrifugal force or liquid impact. The limiting boss 272 can be an integral protrusion or a detachable baffle, and the material should have sufficient strength and impact resistance to prevent fatigue failure after long-term work.

[0057] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 10 , the working surface of the valve core 22 is provided with a flow guide slope 221, which forms an acute angle with the movement direction of the valve core 22; when the water pressure acts, the flow guide slope 221 converts the fluid pressure into an opening component force of the valve core 22.

[0058] The working surface of the valve core 22 is provided with a flow guide slope 221, which forms an acute angle with the sliding direction of the valve core 22 in the guide sliding groove 212. Under the action of water impact, the flow guide slope 221 can decompose a part of the water pressure direction which is perpendicular or nearly parallel to the movement direction of the valve core 22, so that the liquid pressure generates a component force in the outward sliding direction of the valve core 22 under the action of the slope, thereby assisting to overcome the reset force of the spring 271 and realizing the opening of the valve core 22.

[0059] During the drainage process, as the water volume accumulates and the centrifugal force increases, the impact force of the liquid acting on the guide slope 221 becomes stronger, and the decomposed component force in the opening direction of the valve core 22 also increases, thereby improving the response sensitivity of the valve core 22 and shortening the opening and closing lag time. When the resultant force of the component force and the centrifugal force is greater than the total counterforce in the closing direction of the valve core 22, the valve core 22 slides to the drainage port direction, and the drainage passage is opened. After the drainage is completed, the fluid acting force rapidly decreases, and the spring 271 immediately pushes the valve core 22 back to the original position, thereby restoring the closed state.

[0060] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 8 , the heat exchange condensing cavity 12 is provided with a spiral heat exchange mechanism 3, which includes: a spiral flat tube 31 coaxially and discoidally arranged in the middle of the heat exchange condensing cavity 12, the outer wall of which and the inner wall of the cavity form a spiral wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121; the inside of the spiral flat tube 31 forms a new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122, the inlet of which extends to the outside of the separation shell 1, and the outlet communicates with the hydrogen mixing cavity 13; an upper partition plate 32 and a lower partition plate 33 are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the spiral flat tube 31; the center of the upper partition plate 32 is provided with a gas guide port 321 communicating the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 and the hydrogen mixing cavity 13; the edge of the lower partition plate 33 is provided with an air inlet 331 communicating the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 and the primary separation outlet 112; wherein the outer wall of the spiral flat tube 31 and the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121 together constitute a gas-gas heat exchange structure.

[0061] The heat exchange condensing cavity 12 is provided with a spiral heat exchange mechanism 3, which realizes efficient heat exchange between wet hydrogen and new hydrogen through a compact gas-gas heat exchange arrangement. The spiral heat exchange mechanism 3 adopts a spiral flat tube 31 arranged coaxially and discoidally as a core element, and the outer wall of the flat tube and the inner wall of the condensing cavity form a closed and continuous spiral wet hydrogen flow channel, so that the wet hydrogen fully exchanges heat by wall attachment during the flow process in the spiral path. The inside of the spiral flat tube 31 forms an independent new hydrogen heat exchange channel 122, and the heat transfer between the two is realized through wall heat transfer.

[0062] The inlet of the spiral flat tube 31 is located outside the heat exchange condensing cavity 12 for introducing new hydrogen, and the outlet communicates with the hydrogen mixing cavity 13. The upper partition plate 32 is arranged at the top of the spiral heat exchange mechanism and covers the center area of the discoidally arranged structure, and the wet hydrogen at the end of the spiral channel is introduced into the hydrogen mixing cavity 13 through the center gas guide port 321. The lower partition plate 33 is located at the bottom of the spiral structure, and the air inlet 331 is arranged at the edge for guiding the wet hydrogen from the primary separation outlet 112 into the initial section of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121. The upper partition plate 32 and the lower partition plate 33 are sealed and installed, which defines the gas flow path and ensures uniform heat exchange and smooth flow of the gas in the spiral channel.

[0063] In the overall structure, the new hydrogen in the spiral flat tube 31 and the external wet hydrogen form a nearly counter-current or cross-flow state in the flow direction, making the gas-gas heat exchange more sufficient. At the same time, the spiral path effectively prolongs the residence time of the gas in the heat exchange cavity, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and avoids the generation of short-circuit flow or heat exchange dead angle. The mechanism does not rely on external cooling medium, fully utilizes the gas temperature difference in the system for energy recovery and heat regulation, which is beneficial to improve the overall energy efficiency and stability of the hydrogen system. At the same time, the wet hydrogen is further centrifuged in the spiral wet hydrogen heat exchange channel 121, enhancing the separation effect.

[0064] As shown in Figure 3 The hydrogen mixing cavity 13 includes a coaxially arranged double-layer flow channel structure, which has a center flow channel 132 directly communicating with the outlet of the spiral flat tube 31, with an intermediate diameter smaller than the diameters at both ends; an annular flow channel 133 coaxially surrounding the center flow channel 132 and communicating with the gas guide port 321; and the center flow channel 132 and the annular flow channel 133 are connected by circumferentially distributed mixing ports 134.

[0065] The hydrogen mixing cavity 13 adopts a coaxially arranged double-layer flow channel structure, which has a geometric layout that is beneficial to uniform gas mixing and disturbance enhancement. The center flow channel 132 serves as the main channel for new hydrogen, and its structure is designed as a converging-diverging tube shape with an intermediate diameter smaller than the diameters at both ends, which can form a significant velocity gradient and a local low-pressure area during gas flow, enhancing the turbulence intensity of the new hydrogen flow. This structure not only improves the shear disturbance ability of the gas flow, but also helps to improve the subsequent mixing effect, especially under high-speed flow conditions, which can guide the gas to accelerate along the axial direction, increasing the contact frequency with the peripheral wet hydrogen.

[0066] The annular flow channel 133 is arranged around the center flow channel 132 and communicates with the gas guide port 321 of the upper partition plate 32, guiding the dried hydrogen gas from the spiral flow channel to uniformly distribute to the entire annular area. The annular channel and the center flow channel 132 are provided with circumferentially distributed mixing ports 134, which serve as a bridge connecting the two gas streams and allow the dried hydrogen gas in the annular flow channel 133 to enter the center flow channel 132 in a radial manner. The uniform distribution of the mixing ports 134 promotes the continuous entrainment of the dried hydrogen gas in the surrounding annular area into the axial main flow, thereby achieving layer-by-layer mixing during the flow process and enhancing the mixing efficiency.

[0067] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the cyclone separation cavity 11 is provided with a flow guide collection mechanism 4, which includes a collection cylinder 41, a side wall of which is provided with the wet hydrogen inlet 111, a tapered transition section 42 connected to the top of the collection cylinder 41, and a connecting pipe section 43 extending from the top end of the tapered transition section 42, the pipe diameter of which is smaller than the primary separation outlet 112 and the top end of which is provided with a wet hydrogen discharge outlet 431 higher than the primary separation outlet 112. The collection cylinder 41, the tapered transition section 42 and the inner wall of the separation shell 1 form the flow guide channel 114.

[0068] The flow guide channel 114 is not used for wet hydrogen flow, and its main function is to collect liquid water formed in the heat exchange condensation cavity 12 due to condensation. Since the liquid water discharged from the heat exchange condensation cavity 12 may flow along the wall into the cyclone cavity, a water film or water curtain is easily formed at the primary separation outlet 112, thereby hindering the smooth entry of wet hydrogen into the condensation cavity. Therefore, the wet hydrogen discharge outlet 431 is arranged at a position higher than the primary separation outlet 112, so as to prevent the accumulation of liquid water at the separation outlet or the formation of a water curtain on the wall, thereby ensuring that the wet hydrogen can smoothly enter the heat exchange condensation cavity 12 through the primary separation outlet 112. The entire structure separates the height difference and the channel function, realizes the spatial isolation of the gas-liquid path and the effective collection of liquid water, and improves the reliability and separation efficiency of the system operation.

[0069] The above embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drones, characterized in that: include: The separation shell has a cyclone separation chamber, a heat exchange condensation chamber and a hydrogen mixing chamber arranged in sequence from bottom to top; The side wall of the cyclone separation chamber is provided with a tangentially arranged wet hydrogen inlet, the top is provided with a primary separation outlet connected to the heat exchange condensation chamber, and the bottom is provided with a primary water collection port; The heat exchange condensation chamber includes a new hydrogen heat exchange channel and a wet hydrogen heat exchange channel that are independent of each other. The two ends of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel are respectively connected to the new hydrogen source and the hydrogen mixing chamber. The two ends of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel are respectively connected to the primary separation outlet and the hydrogen mixing chamber. A secondary water collection port is provided at the bottom of the new hydrogen heat exchange channel. A guide channel is provided in the cyclone separation chamber to connect the secondary water collection port with the primary water collection port; A hydrogen mixing outlet is provided on the top of the hydrogen mixing chamber.

2. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the primary water collection port is provided with an intermittent drainage mechanism, which includes: A blocking plate is provided below the primary water collection port, and drainage valve ports are evenly distributed around the blocking plate; A valve core is provided in each drainage valve port, and the valve core moves to open the corresponding drainage valve port when the water pressure at the primary water collection port reaches a preset pressure value.

3. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intermittent drainage mechanism also includes: A drive shaft vertically passes through the cyclone separation chamber and extends to the heat exchange condensation chamber; An airflow drive assembly, comprising a plurality of arc-shaped guide vanes provided at the top end of the drive shaft, wherein the arc-shaped guide vanes are located on the new hydrogen flow path of the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel and drive the drive shaft to rotate by the impact force of the hydrogen; The blocking disk is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving shaft to achieve linkage control of hydraulic collection and rotational drive.

4. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cyclone separation chamber is further provided with a conical screen distributed along the circumference of the drive shaft, and the conical screen is fixedly connected to the drive shaft.

5. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular sealing structure is provided at the junction of the sealing disk and the primary water collection port; A coaxially arranged annular water collecting trough is formed on the top of the blocking disk; The drainage valve port is arranged to penetrate along the radial direction of the annular water collecting tank; Each drain valve port is provided with a guide chute on both sides perpendicular to the extension direction of the drain valve port; The valve core is slidably arranged in the guide groove; An elastic reset mechanism is provided at the bottom of the guide chute to keep the valve core in a normally closed state.

6. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic reset mechanism comprises: A spring is provided between the bottom of the guide chute and the valve core; A limiting boss is formed at the open end of the guide slot and is used to restrict the maximum displacement stroke of the valve core.

7. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working surface of the valve core is provided with a guide slope, the inclination direction of which forms an acute angle with the movement direction of the valve core; when water pressure acts, the guide slope converts the fluid pressure into the opening force of the valve core.

8. A hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drones according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange condensation chamber is provided with a spiral heat exchange mechanism, which includes: The spiral flat tube is coaxially coiled and arranged in the middle of the heat exchange condensation chamber, and its outer wall and the inner wall of the chamber form a spiral wet hydrogen heat exchange channel; A new hydrogen heat exchange channel is formed inside the spiral flat tube, the inlet of which extends to the outside of the separation shell, and the outlet is connected to the hydrogen mixing chamber; The upper baffle and the lower baffle are fixed to the top and bottom of the spiral flat tube respectively; An air guide port is provided at the center of the upper partition, connecting the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel and the hydrogen mixing chamber; An air inlet connecting the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel and the primary separation outlet is provided at the edge of the lower partition; The outer wall of the spiral flat tube and the wet hydrogen heat exchange channel together form a gas-to-gas heat exchange structure.

9. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drones according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen mixing chamber includes a coaxially arranged double-layer flow channel structure, which has: A central flow channel is directly connected to the outlet of the spiral flat tube, and its middle diameter is smaller than the diameters at both ends; an annular flow channel, coaxially surrounding the central flow channel and communicating with the air guide port; The central flow channel and the annular flow channel are connected through mixing ports uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

10. The hydrogen battery water-gas separation device for drone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cyclone separation chamber is provided with a flow guide and collection mechanism, including: A collecting cylinder, the side wall of which is penetrated by the wet hydrogen inlet; A conical transition section connected to the top of the collecting cylinder; A connecting pipe section is extended and arranged at the top of the conical transition section, the pipe diameter of which is smaller than the primary separation outlet and the top of which is provided with a wet hydrogen discharge outlet higher than the primary separation outlet; The guide channel is formed between the collecting cylinder, the conical transition section and the inner wall of the separation shell.

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