Roller fixation machine

Abstract

The invention provides a roller fixation machine which comprises a rack, a fixation cylinder rotationally connected with the rack and a power mechanism driving the fixation cylinder to rotate, the fixation cylinder comprises a preheating cylinder section, a variable-diameter fixation cylinder section and a homogeneous finishing cylinder section which are sequentially arranged, the preheating cylinder section is in a straight cylinder shape, the cylinder diameter of the preheating cylinder section is larger than that of the homogeneous finishing cylinder section, and the variable-diameter fixation cylinder section is connected with the power mechanism. The variable-diameter fixation barrel section is in a frustum shape with a large front part and a small rear part, a central hot air pipe externally connected with a hot air mechanism is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the fixation barrel, vortex hot air mechanisms located in the homogeneous finishing barrel section and the variable-diameter fixation barrel section are arranged on the central hot air pipe, a plurality of groups of curved-surface guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the variable-diameter fixation barrel section, and a plurality of groups of curved-surface guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the variable-diameter fixation barrel section. And a hot air backflow preheating mechanism is arranged on the variable-diameter fixation cylinder section and the homogeneous finishing cylinder section. The tea leaf fixation device can effectively separate juice, reduce damage to tea leaves in the fixation process and ensure full utilization of heat energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea processing equipment technology, and in particular to a drum-type fixation machine. Background Technology

[0002] The drum-type tea fixation machine is a key piece of equipment in tea processing. It is used to quickly deactivate enzymes in fresh tea leaves through high temperatures, evaporate moisture, remove grassy odors, and enhance the tea aroma. Existing drum-type tea fixation machines typically use a single-diameter drum, where the tea leaves are mainly tumbled and moved forward by the rotation of the drum and gravity. This structure has the following problems: uneven heating of the tea leaves, with some leaves potentially developing scorched edges or bursting spots due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, while others may be under-fixed; hot air usually enters from one end and exits from the other, resulting in low heat energy utilization, and hot, humid air can easily accumulate locally inside the drum, affecting the fixation quality; if the juices produced during the fixation process are not drained in time, they will adhere to the drum wall or the tea leaves, causing subsequent tea leaf adhesion and scorching, affecting the appearance and taste of the finished tea. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a drum blanching machine with high thermal energy utilization efficiency and effective separation of blanching juice.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a drum blanching machine includes a frame, a blanching cylinder rotatably connected to the frame, and a power mechanism for driving the blanching cylinder to rotate. The blanching cylinder includes a preheating section, a variable-diameter blanching section, and a homogenizing section arranged sequentially. The preheating section is a straight cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the homogenizing section. The variable-diameter blanching section is a frustoconical shape with a larger front and smaller rear. A central hot air pipe with an external hot air mechanism is coaxially rotatably provided inside the blanching cylinder. A vortex hot air mechanism located inside the homogenizing section and the variable-diameter blanching section is provided on the central hot air pipe. Multiple sets of curved guide plates are provided on the inner wall of the variable-diameter blanching section. A hot air recirculation preheating mechanism is provided on the variable-diameter blanching section and the homogenizing section.

[0005] Preferably, the multiple sets of curved guide plates are arranged in a spiral pattern along the inner wall of the main variable-diameter blanching cylinder section. The cross-section of the curved guide plate is an involute curved surface, and the radius of curvature at the end near the cylinder wall is greater than the radius of curvature at the free end.

[0006] More preferably, the curved guide plate has a cavity inside, and the inner side of the curved guide plate has uniformly distributed seepage holes. The variable diameter blanching cylinder section is covered with a first jacket, and its cylinder wall has a through hole communicating with the cavity. The first jacket is connected to a drain pipe.

[0007] More preferably, the hot air recirculation preheating mechanism includes a second jacket sleeved on the preheating cylinder section and a suction pipe communicating with the second jacket. The suction pipe is externally connected to a suction mechanism, and the interior of the second jacket is in communication with the second jacket.

[0008] More preferably, a spirally arranged guide vane is fixed between the second jacket and the preheating cylinder section. An airflow rotary joint communicating with the interior of the second jacket is rotatably connected to the inner side of the jacket. The airflow rotary joint is provided with the suction pipe located above it. A liquid flow rotary joint communicating with the interior of the first jacket is rotatably connected to the outer side of the jacket. The liquid flow rotary joint is provided with the drain pipe located below it.

[0009] More preferably, the vortex hot air mechanism includes a plurality of oblique nozzles connected to the central hot air pipe, wherein the spray direction of the oblique nozzles is directed toward the inner wall of the roller at the corresponding position.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the homogenizing section is provided with a plurality of low-level guide plates, the height of which is lower than the height of the curved guide plate.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The three-section cylinder design combines a preheating section, a variable-diameter fixation section, and a homogenization section to achieve gradient heating and flexible processing of the tea leaves. The preheating section has a large diameter, allowing the tea leaves to spread out quickly and be preheated. The variable-diameter conical section accelerates the flow of the tea leaves and enhances mixing. The smaller homogenization section ensures that the tea leaves are fully homogenized before being removed from the pan, ensuring a consistent degree of fixation.

[0013] Central hot air duct and vortex hot air mechanism: Hot air is supplied directly from the center of the cylinder to the fixation and homogenization section, and vortex hot air is formed pointing towards the cylinder wall through oblique nozzles, which greatly enhances the contact efficiency and uniformity between hot air and tea leaves, and avoids local overheating or insufficient fixation.

[0014] Curved guide plate and juice collection system: The unique involute curved guide plate can not only effectively lift and scatter the tea leaves, but its internal cavity and seepage holes can also collect the juice that is extracted during the fixation process and discharge it through the first jacket, the second jacket and the drain pipe, effectively preventing the juice and tea leaves from sticking together and significantly improving the quality of the finished tea.

[0015] Hot air recirculation preheating mechanism: The high-temperature and humid waste gas discharged from the blanching and homogenization sections is drawn into the second jacket of the preheating cylinder section by the suction mechanism to preheat the fresh leaves that have just entered. This not only efficiently recovers and utilizes the waste heat in the waste gas and saves energy, but also the preheating process is gentle, avoiding the formation of red stems and red edges on the fresh leaves due to sudden contact with high-temperature hot air. At the same time, the pre-dehumidification also creates better conditions for subsequent blanching. The design of the spiral guide vanes and rotary joints ensures the stable delivery of airflow and liquid flow while the cylinder is rotating. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a drum blanching machine according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the variable diameter blanching cylinder section in a drum blanching machine according to the present invention.

[0018] In the above attached figures: 1. Frame; 2. Blanching cylinder; 210. Preheating cylinder section; 211. Guide vane; 220. Variable diameter blanching cylinder section; 221. Curved guide plate; 222. Cavity; 223. Drainage hole; 224. First jacket; 225. Through hole; 226. Drain pipe; 230. Homogenization and finishing cylinder section; 231. Low-position guide plate; 3. Central hot air pipe; 4. Vortex hot air mechanism; 401. Angled nozzle; 5. Hot air recirculation preheating mechanism; 501. Second jacket; 502. Suction pipe; 503. Airflow rotary joint; 504. Liquid flow rotary joint. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] This invention provides an embodiment, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a drum blanching machine includes a frame 1, a blanching cylinder 2 rotatably connected to the frame 1, and a power mechanism for driving the blanching cylinder 2 to rotate. The power mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, etc., which are not fully shown in the figure. The blanching cylinder 2 includes a preheating cylinder section 210, a variable diameter blanching cylinder section 220, and a homogenizing and finishing cylinder section 230 arranged sequentially. The preheating cylinder section 210 is a straight cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section 230. The variable diameter blanching cylinder section 220 is a frustoconical shape with a larger front and a smaller rear. The large end of the variable diameter blanching cylinder section 220 is connected to the preheating cylinder section 210, and the small end is connected to the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section 230 to achieve a smooth transition.

[0021] The central hot air pipe 3 is coaxially rotatably provided with an external hot air mechanism inside the blanching cylinder 2. The central hot air pipe 3 is coaxially inserted inside the blanching cylinder 2, and one end of it is connected to the hot air furnace through a rotary joint. The central hot air pipe 3 is provided with a vortex hot air mechanism 4 located in the homogenizing section 230 and the variable diameter blanching section 220.

[0022] Specifically, the vortex hot air mechanism 4 includes a plurality of oblique nozzles 401 connected to the central hot air pipe 3. The spray direction of the oblique nozzles 401 is directed towards the inner wall of the drum at the corresponding position, and is used to blow hot air tangentially towards the drum wall to form a vortex and stir the tea leaves.

[0023] To facilitate the lifting and throwing of tea leaves, the inner wall of the variable-diameter fixing cylinder section 220 is provided with multiple sets of curved guide plates 221. The variable-diameter fixing cylinder section 220 and the homogenization and finishing cylinder section 230 are provided with a hot air recirculation preheating mechanism 5. After the hot air is heated and carries steam, it discharges the steam as soon as possible, reducing the amount of hot air containing steam entering the preheating cylinder section 210. This reduces the contact between the steam and the low-temperature tea leaves inside, which would cause the steam to condense again and form liquid water. This avoids excessive liquid water accumulating on the surface of the tea leaves and affecting the fixing effect. At the same time, it also avoids the situation where the hot air enters from one end and exits from the other end, resulting in the hot air and tea leaves having too short a contact time. Furthermore, the discharged hot steam can be used to preheat the preheating cylinder section 210, improving the heat utilization efficiency.

[0024] Specifically, the multiple sets of curved guide plates 221 are arranged spirally along the inner wall of the main variable-diameter blanching cylinder section 220. The cross-section of the curved guide plate 221 is an involute curved surface, with the radius of curvature at the end near the cylinder wall being larger than that at the free end. When the cylinder rotates, the involute curved surface can gently "scoop up" the tea leaves from the bottom of the cylinder. As the rotation angle increases, the tea leaves are not "thrown" under the guidance of the curved surface, but rather slide smoothly down along the curved surface. This stirring method greatly reduces mechanical damage to the tea leaves and ensures the integrity of the leaves. At the same time, the spiral arrangement allows the tea leaves to move axially while tumbling, resulting in a more uniform flow field without dead corners.

[0025] In order to drain the juice produced during blanching in a timely manner, in a further embodiment, the curved guide plate 221 is provided with a cavity 222, and the inner side of the curved guide plate 221 is provided with uniformly distributed seepage holes 223. The variable diameter blanching cylinder section 220 is covered with a first jacket 224, which forms a sealed cavity with the outer wall of the variable diameter blanching cylinder section 220. The cylinder wall is provided with a through hole 225 that communicates with the cavity 222, so that the cavity 222 in the curved guide plate 221 is connected to the sealed cavity of the first jacket 224. The first jacket 224 is connected to a drain pipe 226 for draining the juice.

[0026] Specifically, the hot air recirculation preheating mechanism 5 includes a second jacket 501 sleeved on the preheating cylinder section 210 and a suction pipe 502 communicating with the second jacket 501. The suction pipe 502 is externally connected to a suction mechanism, and the interior of the second jacket 501 is connected to the second jacket 224.

[0027] To improve heat exchange efficiency and ensure smooth flow of air and liquid to the suction pipe 502 and the discharge pipe 226, in a further embodiment, a spirally arranged guide vane 211 is fixed between the second jacket 501 and the preheating cylinder section 210 to form a spiral channel. This facilitates the flow of air and liquid when the blanching cylinder 2 rotates and prolongs the heat exchange time. An airflow rotary joint 503 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second jacket 501 and communicates with its interior. The suction pipe 502 is located on the upper part of the airflow rotary joint 503. A liquid flow rotary joint 504 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the second jacket 501 and communicates with its interior. The discharge pipe 226 is located on the lower part of the liquid flow rotary joint 504.

[0028] The inner wall of the homogenizing section 230 is provided with several low-level guide plates 231. The height of the low-level guide plates 231 is lower than the height of the curved guide plates 221, mainly to gently guide the tea leaves in the final stage.

[0029] During operation, fresh leaves enter the preheating cylinder section 210 through the feed inlet; the power mechanism drives the entire fixing cylinder 2 to rotate; the hot air generated by the external hot air mechanism is delivered to the vortex hot air mechanism 4 through the central hot air pipe 3, and sprayed out at high speed from the inclined nozzle 401, impacting and agitating the tea leaves in the variable diameter fixing cylinder section 220 and the homogenizing and sorting cylinder section 230, so that they are evenly heated and fixed; the juice extracted during the fixing process enters the cavity 222 through the seepage hole 223 on the curved guide plate 221, and then flows into the first jacket 224 through the cylinder wall through hole 225, and finally is discharged through the liquid flow rotary joint 504 and the drain pipe 226;

[0030] The external suction mechanism continuously suctions the first jacket 501 through the suction pipe 502 and the airflow rotary joint 503. This negative pressure will draw the high-temperature and humid waste gas generated by the variable diameter fixing cylinder section 220 and the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section 230 into the second jacket 501. When these waste gases flow through the second jacket 501, their heat is used to preheat the fresh leaves that have just entered through the cylinder wall of the preheating cylinder section 210. The waste gas itself is cooled, and some water vapor may condense. The condensate is discharged through the liquid flow rotary joint 504 and the drain pipe 226, realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat and pre-dehumidification. The preheated tea leaves enter the variable diameter fixing cylinder section 220, where they are fully scattered and mixed under the action of the conical space and the curved guide plate 221, and fully contacted with the vortex hot air to complete the fixing. Finally, the tea leaves enter the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section 230, where they are further homogenized and finished before being removed from the pot under the gentle action of the low-position guide plate 231.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drum blanching machine, comprising a frame (1), a blanching drum (2) rotatably connected to the frame (1), and a power mechanism for driving the blanching drum (2) to rotate, characterized in that, The blanching cylinder (2) includes a preheating cylinder section (210), a variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220), and a homogenizing and finishing cylinder section (230) arranged sequentially. The preheating cylinder section (210) is a straight cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section (230). The variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220) is a frustum-shaped cone with a larger front and smaller rear. The blanching cylinder (2) has a central hot air pipe (3) with an external hot air mechanism that is coaxially rotatable inside. The central hot air pipe (3) is equipped with a vortex hot air mechanism (4) located inside the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section (230) and the variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220). The inner wall of the variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220) is equipped with multiple sets of curved guide plates (221). The variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220) and the homogenizing and finishing cylinder section (230) are equipped with a hot air return preheating mechanism (5).

2. The drum blanching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the curved guide plates (221) are arranged in a spiral circumferentially along the inner wall of the variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220). The cross-section of the curved guide plate (221) is an involute curved surface, and the radius of curvature of the end near the cylinder wall is greater than the radius of curvature of the free end.

3. A drum blanching machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The curved guide plate (221) has a cavity (222) inside, and the inner side of the curved guide plate (221) has uniformly distributed seepage holes (223). The variable diameter blanching cylinder section (220) is covered with a first jacket (224), and its cylinder wall is provided with a through hole (225) communicating with the cavity (222). The first jacket (224) is connected to a drain pipe (226).

4. A drum blanching machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hot air recirculation preheating mechanism (5) includes a second jacket (501) sleeved on the preheating cylinder section (210) and a suction pipe (502) communicating with the second jacket (501). The suction pipe (502) is externally connected to a suction mechanism, and the interior of the second jacket (501) is connected to the second jacket (224).

5. A drum blanching machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A spirally arranged guide vane (211) is fixed between the second jacket (501) and the preheating cylinder section (210). An airflow rotary joint (503) communicating with the inside of the second jacket (501) is rotatably connected to the airflow rotary joint (503). The suction pipe (502) located above the airflow rotary joint (503) is provided on the airflow rotary joint (502). A liquid flow rotary joint (504) communicating with the inside of the first jacket (501) is rotatably connected to the outside of the first jacket (501). The drain pipe (226) located below the liquid flow rotary joint (504) is provided on the liquid flow rotary joint (504).

6. A drum blanching machine according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vortex hot air mechanism (4) includes a plurality of oblique nozzles (401) connected to the central hot air pipe (3), and the spray direction of the oblique nozzles (401) is directed toward the inner wall of the roller at the corresponding position.

7. A drum blanching machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the homogenized processing cylinder section (230) is provided with several low-position guide plates (231), the height of which is lower than the height of the curved guide plate (221).

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