Strength testing device for tooth root of gear of rotary speed reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary speed reducer gear tooth root strength test device which comprises a test bed, a mounting mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a strength test mechanism and an observation mechanism. A mounting mechanism is arranged in the center of the test bench to fix a to-be-tested gear and can adapt to replacement of gears of different specifications; the mounting mechanism is connected with a rotating mechanism under the test bench, and a rotating motor is provided with an encoder to realize accurate rotation angle switching of a gear; limiting mechanisms are arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting mechanism and can move in the radial direction to be engaged with the gears for limiting or separated for avoiding. Strength test mechanisms are arranged in front and back, can be adjusted in the radial direction, can be meshed with a single tooth to apply force, and can be fed back by a force sensor to switch postures by rotating an oil cylinder and an air cylinder; an observation mechanism on the strength test mechanism is used for detecting tooth root cracks by using an endoscope and marking the tooth root cracks through a spray head. The device does not need repeated positioning, can continuously detect each tooth root, improves the efficiency and precision, is adaptive to gears of various specifications, and meets the industrial detection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gear strength testing technology, specifically to a gear root strength testing device for a rotary reducer. Background Technology

[0002] In the internal structure of a rotary reducer, the gear system is the core carrier for power transmission and speed / torque conversion. The transmission efficiency, structural stability, and service life of the gears directly determine the overall performance level of the rotary reducer. Because the rotary reducer must continuously withstand complex and alternating loads during operation, the gears, as the main load-bearing components, are under high stress for extended periods. Therefore, accurate and efficient strength testing of the gears is crucial to ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the rotary reducer and preventing equipment downtime or safety accidents caused by gear failure.

[0003] Further analysis of the gear's structural characteristics reveals that the tooth root is the weakest area most susceptible to bending fatigue damage. During torque transmission, the tooth root experiences significant stress concentration due to its structural shape, bearing much higher bending stress than other parts of the gear. Once a crack or fracture occurs at the tooth root, it directly leads to the overall failure of the gear, causing the rotary reducer to shut down. This not only increases equipment maintenance costs but may also disrupt industrial production, resulting in severe economic losses. Therefore, strength testing of the gear tooth root is of irreplaceable importance for accurately assessing gear durability and preventing equipment failures in advance.

[0004] To meet the requirements for strength testing of gear tooth roots, various gear strength testing devices have been developed in the existing technology. The working principle of these devices is generally as follows: a testing mechanism applies a preset pressure to each gear tooth root sequentially, and observation methods are used to determine whether fractures or cracks appear at the tooth root, thereby assessing whether the tooth root strength meets design standards. However, existing testing devices have significant drawbacks in practical applications: because each gear tooth root needs to be tested sequentially, after testing one tooth root, the gear angle needs to be adjusted to switch to the next tooth root to be tested. At this time, the fixing constraint on the gear must be released first, and after the angle adjustment is completed, the gear must be repositioned and calibrated. This operation process is cumbersome, each angle adjustment consumes additional positioning time, and repeated positioning operations can easily lead to cumulative errors, which not only seriously reduces the overall testing efficiency but may also affect the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device includes a test bench, a mounting mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a strength testing mechanism, and an observation mechanism. The mounting mechanism is rotatably mounted at the center of the upper surface of the test bench. The rotating mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting mechanism and is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the test bench. A gear to be tested is fixedly mounted on the mounting mechanism. Limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bench at the left and right sides of the mounting mechanism. The limiting mechanisms can move left and right radially along the gear to be tested and can mesh with a partial tooth of the gear to be tested to limit its circumferential displacement. Strength testing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bench at the front and rear sides of the mounting mechanism. The strength testing mechanisms can be adjusted front and rear radially along the gear to be tested and can mesh with a single tooth of the gear to be tested to apply pressure to that single tooth. An observation mechanism is also provided on the strength testing mechanism for detecting the depth and morphology of tooth root cracks and marking them.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a motor bracket, a rotary motor, a rotating shaft, and a mounting base. The motor bracket is fixedly provided at the center of the lower surface of the test bench, and the rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket. The output shaft of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the upper surface of the test bench and is rotatably connected to the test bench. The upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a mounting base, and a mounting mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base. An encoder is provided inside the rotary motor.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting mechanism includes a cross-shaped connecting plate, a connecting rod, a support plate, a support column, a threaded rod, and a locking nut. The mounting base has a cross-shaped groove, the cross-shaped connecting plate is embedded in the cross-shaped groove and fixedly connected by bolts, the connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the cross-shaped connecting plate, the support plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting rod, the support column is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate, and the threaded rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the support column. The shaft hole of the gear to be tested is fitted onto the support column, and a locking nut is threaded onto the threaded rod. The upper and lower surfaces of the gear to be tested are respectively tightly fitted with the locking nut and the support plate. A limiting strip is fixedly protruding along the axial direction on the outer wall of the support column, and a keyway is formed along the axial direction inside the shaft hole of the gear to be tested. The limiting strip is disposed within the keyway. The mounting mechanism is used in conjunction with the gear to be tested.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a fixed base, a first slide rail, a connecting base, a first slider, a retaining seat, and a first pushing cylinder. The fixed base is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the test bench. The fixed base is symmetrically provided with a left-right oriented first slide rail along the radial direction of the gear to be tested. The first slider is slidably provided on the first slide rail. The slider is fixedly provided at the bottom of the connecting base. The top of the connecting base is fixedly provided with a retaining seat by bolts. The first pushing cylinder is fixedly provided on one side of the fixed base. The extended end of the first pushing cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting base. The extension and retraction direction of the first pushing cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the first slide rail.

[0010] Preferably, the card holder has a plurality of teeth on one side facing the gear to be tested. The teeth are adapted to the tooth pattern of the gear to be tested. When testing the gear to be tested, the teeth on the card holder mesh with the tooth pattern of the gear to be tested. When adjusting the gear to be tested, the teeth on the card holder separate from the tooth pattern of the gear to be tested. The card holder is used in conjunction with the gear to be tested.

[0011] Preferably, the strength testing mechanism includes a sliding seat, a second slider, a second slide rail, a rotary cylinder, a movable seat, a rotary cylinder, a force-applying rod, and a second push cylinder. The second slider is fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the sliding seat. The second slider slides are slidably mounted on the second slide rail, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the test bench. The direction of the second slide rail is radially forward and backward along the gear to be tested. A second push cylinder is fixedly mounted on one side of the test bench. The extended end of the second push cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. The extension and retraction direction of the second push cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the second slide rail. A rotary cylinder is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding seat, and the rotating end of the rotary cylinder is vertical. The rotary cylinder extends upwards and through the sliding seat, with its rotating end fixedly connected to the movable seat. The movable seat is horizontally positioned, and a rotary cylinder is fixedly mounted on its top. The rotating end of the rotary cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of a force-applying rod, and the other end of the force-applying rod is configured as a toothed head. The toothed head is adapted to the tooth profile of the gear under test. When testing the gear under test, the force-applying rod rotates to a horizontal position, causing the toothed head to mesh with the tooth profile of the gear under test. When adjusting the gear under test, the force-applying rod rotates to a vertical position, causing the toothed head to separate from the tooth profile of the gear under test. A force sensor is embedded in the toothed head, and the force sensor contacts the tooth profile of the gear under test.

[0012] Preferably, the axial direction of the force-applying rod coincides with the radial direction of the gear under test, and the force-applying rod is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the rotary cylinder by bolts. The force-applying rod is used in conjunction with the gear under test.

[0013] Preferably, the movable seat is vertically fixed with positioning plates on both sides of the force-applying rod, and when the force-applying rod is rotated to a horizontal state, the two sides of the force-applying rod come into contact with the positioning plates.

[0014] Preferably, the observation mechanism includes a mounting bracket, an industrial electronic endoscope, a liquid nozzle, an electromagnetic control valve, and a connecting pipe. The mounting bracket is vertically fixed on the movable seat. The upper part of the mounting bracket is fixedly mounted with the probe lens of the industrial electronic endoscope, which is electrically connected to the endoscope. The probe lens is oriented towards the toothed head in a horizontal position. The lower part of the mounting bracket is fixedly mounted with a liquid nozzle, which is connected to the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is externally connected to a marking liquid storage tank, and a pump is installed at the connection point. An electromagnetic control valve is installed between the liquid nozzle and the connecting pipe, and the liquid nozzle is oriented towards the toothed head in a horizontal position.

[0015] Preferably, a moving channel is provided on the test bench along the moving path of the rotating cylinder, and the rotating cylinder passes through the moving channel.

[0016] The advantages of this application compared to existing technologies are:

[0017] 1. Through the coordinated design of the rotating mechanism and the limiting mechanism, the cumbersome process of repositioning the gear every time the gear angle is adjusted in the existing testing device is effectively avoided. The rotary motor with encoder in the rotating mechanism can accurately control the rotation angle of the shaft and the mounting mechanism, so as to realize the precise angle switching of the gear to be tested; the limiting mechanism drives the chuck to move radially through the first push cylinder, so as to quickly realize the engagement and limiting or separation of the gear. After testing one tooth root, it is only necessary to control the limiting mechanism to separate, the rotating mechanism to drive the gear to rotate to the next tooth root to be tested, and the limiting mechanism to re-engage and fix. The whole process does not require disassembly or recalibration of the gear, which greatly shortens the operation time of tooth root switching.

[0018] 2. On the one hand, the strength testing mechanism drives the sliding seat to move precisely radially through the second push cylinder. Combined with the attitude control of the force-applying rod by the rotary hydraulic cylinder and rotary pneumatic cylinder, it can ensure precise meshing between the toothed head of the force-applying rod and the root of the tooth to be tested. Furthermore, the axial direction of the force-applying rod coincides with the radial direction of the gear, ensuring that the direction of the applied pressure conforms to the actual working conditions of the tooth root. The force sensor embedded in the toothed head can provide real-time feedback on the magnitude of the applied force, avoiding detection errors caused by excessive or insufficient force. On the other hand, the industrial electronic endoscope of the observation mechanism can accurately detect the depth and morphology of the tooth root crack. Combined with the marking of the damaged area by the liquid nozzle, it can not only intuitively record the test results but also provide clear location information for subsequent damage analysis.

[0019] 3. The key components of the device adopt a modular design for "matching use," allowing for flexible adaptation to different specifications of gears under test: In the mounting mechanism, the bolted connection between the cross-shaped connecting plate and the mounting base facilitates the replacement of mounting mechanisms of different sizes to accommodate different gears under test, and the limiting strip of the support column mates with the keyway of the gear shaft hole, enabling the fixing of gears with different shaft hole specifications; the clamp of the limiting mechanism is detachably connected to the connecting base by bolts, and the clamp with corresponding teeth can be replaced according to the gear tooth profile; the force-applying rod of the strength testing mechanism is bolted to the rotating end of the rotary cylinder, allowing for quick replacement of tooth heads adapted to different gear tooth profiles. This eliminates the need to design separate testing devices for different gear specifications, reducing equipment investment costs and expanding the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device during testing, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front and rear sectional view of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a left-right sectional view of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the adjustment of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective exploded view of the mounting mechanism of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the strength testing mechanism and observation mechanism of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the limiting mechanism of a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Test bench; 2. Mounting mechanism; 21. Cross-shaped connecting plate; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Support plate; 24. Support column; 241. Limiting strip; 25. Threaded rod; 26. Locking nut; 3. Rotating mechanism; 31. Motor bracket; 32. Rotary motor; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Mounting seat; 35. Cross-shaped groove; 4. Limiting mechanism; 41. Fixed seat; 42. First slide rail; 43. Connecting seat; 44. First slider; 45. Card seat; 451. Tooth ; 46. First push cylinder; 5. Strength testing mechanism; 51. Sliding seat; 52. Second slider; 53. Second slide rail; 54. Rotary cylinder; 55. Movable seat; 56. Rotary cylinder; 57. Force rod; 571. Toothed head; 58. Second push cylinder; 59. Force sensor; 50. Positioning plate; 6. Observation mechanism; 61. Mounting bracket; 62. Probe lens; 63. Liquid nozzle; 64. Electromagnetic control valve; 65. Connecting pipe; 7. Gear to be tested; 71. Keyway. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the content of this application easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 In this context, the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device includes a test bench 1, a mounting mechanism 2, a rotating mechanism 3, a limiting mechanism 4, a strength testing mechanism 5, and an observation mechanism 6. The mounting mechanism 2 is rotatably mounted at the center of the upper surface of the test bench 1. The mounting mechanism 2 is used to fix the gear 7 to be tested, ensuring the gear maintains a stable posture during the testing process and avoiding the impact of gear loosening or displacement on the force application accuracy and observation results. It also allows for the replacement of the corresponding model of the mounting mechanism 2 according to different gear specifications. The rotating mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting mechanism 2 and is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the test bench 1. The rotating mechanism 3 provides power for the angle adjustment of the gear 7 to be tested, driving the mounting mechanism 2 and the gear to rotate precisely, realizing the function of "switching to the next gear root to be tested after testing one tooth root". The gear 7 to be tested is fixedly mounted on the mounting mechanism 2. Limiting mechanisms 4 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bench 1 at the left and right sides of the mounting mechanism 2. The limiting mechanisms 4 can move left and right radially along the gear 7 to be tested. The limiting mechanisms 4 can mesh with a local tooth of the gear 7 to limit its circumference. The displacement limiting mechanism 4 engages with a local tooth of the gear during testing to restrict the circumferential displacement of the gear and ensure that the gear does not rotate when the strength testing mechanism 5 applies force. When the gear angle is adjusted, it separates from the gear to avoid the gear rotation path, realizing flexible switching between "fixed testing and adjustment avoidance". The strength testing mechanism 5 is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bench 1 located on the front and rear sides of the installation mechanism 2. The strength testing mechanism 5 can be adjusted back and forth radially along the gear 7 to be tested, and can engage with a single tooth of the gear 7 to apply pressure to that single tooth. The strength testing mechanism 5 precisely applies pressure to a single tooth root of the gear to simulate the force state of the gear during operation. At the same time, the force sensor 59 provides feedback on the magnitude of the applied force, and the attitude adjustment function realizes the switching between "force detection and avoidance adjustment", which is the core detection execution mechanism. The strength testing mechanism 5 is also equipped with an observation mechanism 6, which is used to detect in real time whether cracks appear in the tooth root during the application of force, as well as the depth and shape of the cracks, and to mark the damaged parts, providing intuitive basis for tooth root strength assessment. It is the mechanism for collecting and recording test results.

[0031] The rotating mechanism 3 includes a motor bracket 31, a rotary motor 32, a rotating shaft 33, and a mounting base 34. The motor bracket 31 is fixedly installed at the center of the lower surface of the test bench 1. The rotary motor 32 is fixedly installed on the motor bracket 31. The rotary motor 32 integrates an encoder to collect the motor rotation angle data in real time and feed it back to the motor control system to accurately control the gear rotation angle. Each rotation is 360° / number of gear teeth to ensure switching to the next tooth root. The output shaft of the rotary motor 32 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 33. The upper end of the rotating shaft 33 passes through the upper surface of the test bench 1 and is rotatably connected to the test bench 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 33 is fixedly installed with a mounting base 34. The mounting mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base 34.

[0032] The mounting mechanism 2 includes a cross-shaped connecting plate 21, a connecting rod 22, a support plate 23, a support column 24, a threaded rod 25, and a locking nut 26. A cross-shaped groove 35 is provided on the mounting base 34. The cross-shaped connecting plate 21 is embedded in the cross-shaped groove 35 and fixedly connected by bolts, achieving a rigid connection between the mounting mechanism 2 and the rotating mechanism 3. A connecting rod 22 is fixedly mounted on the top of the cross-shaped connecting plate 21, and a support plate 23 is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting rod 22, serving as the bottom support for the gear and providing a horizontal support surface to ensure the gear's axis is vertical after installation. A support column 24 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate 23. A limiting strip 241 protrudes axially from the outer wall of the support column 24, and a locking nut 26 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support column 24. The threaded rod 25, with the shaft hole of the gear 7 to be tested, is fitted onto the support column 24. By tightening the locking nut 26 on the threaded rod 25, the gear is pressed between the support plate 23 and the locking nut 26, thus achieving axial fixation of the gear. A keyway 71 is provided axially in the shaft hole of the gear 7 to be tested, and a limiting strip 241 is set in the keyway 71 to restrict the circumferential rotation of the gear, preventing the gear from slipping relative to the support column 24. This ensures that when the rotating mechanism 3 drives the support column 24 to rotate, the gear can rotate synchronously and accurately, avoiding angle adjustment deviations. The mounting mechanism 2 is used in conjunction with the gear 7 to be tested. The cross-shaped connecting plate 21 is bolted to the mounting base 34, allowing the mounting mechanism 2 to be replaced as needed and adaptable to gears with different shaft hole sizes and thicknesses.

[0033] The limiting mechanism 4 includes a fixed base 41, a first slide rail 42, a connecting base 43, a first slider 44, a retaining seat 45, and a first pushing cylinder 46. The fixed base 41 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the test bench 1. The first slide rail 42, running in a left-right direction, is symmetrically fixed on the fixed base 41 along the radial direction of the gear 7 to be tested. The first slider 44 slides on the first slide rail 42 and is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting base 43. The first pushing cylinder 46 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base 41. The extended end of the first pushing cylinder 46 is fixedly connected to the connecting base 43. The extension and retraction direction of the first pushing cylinder 46 is parallel to the axial direction of the first slide rail 42. The retaining seat 45 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting base 43 by bolts. The retaining seat 45 faces the gear to be tested. The test gear 7 has several teeth 451 on one side, which are matched with the tooth pattern of the gear 7 to be tested. The locator 45 is bolted to the connecting seat 43. The locator 45 is detachable and replaceable. By replacing the locator 45 with different teeth 451, gears with different modules and different numbers of teeth can be adapted, thus expanding the applicability of the device. When testing the gear 7 to be tested, the teeth 451 on the locator 45 mesh with the tooth pattern of the gear 7 to achieve a limit. When adjusting the gear 7 to be tested, the teeth 451 on the locator 45 separate from the tooth pattern of the gear 7 to be tested. The first push cylinder 46 is driven by compressed air and has a rapid extension and retraction action. It can complete the meshing / separation of the locator 45 in a few seconds, shortening the waiting time for tooth root switching.

[0034] The strength testing mechanism 5 includes a sliding seat 51, a second slider 52, a second slide rail 53, a rotary cylinder 54, a movable seat 55, a rotary cylinder 56, a force-applying rod 57, and a second push cylinder 58. The second slider 52 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the sliding seat 51. The second slider 52 slides on the second slide rail 53, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the test bench 1. The direction of the second slide rail 53 is along the radial direction of the gear 7 to be tested. The second push cylinder 58 is fixedly mounted on one side of the test bench 1. The extended end of the second push cylinder 58 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 51. The extension and retraction direction of the second push cylinder 58 is parallel to the axial direction of the second slide rail 53. The rotary cylinder 54 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding seat 51. A moving channel is provided on the test bench 1 along the moving path of the rotary cylinder 54. The rotary cylinder 54 passes through the moving channel, with its rotating end pointing vertically upward and penetrating the sliding seat 51. The rotating end of the rotary cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 55. The movable seat 55 is horizontally positioned, and a rotary cylinder 56 is fixedly mounted on its top. The rotating end of the rotary cylinder 56 is fixedly connected to one end of a force-applying rod 57. The other end of the force-applying rod 57 is configured as a toothed head 571, which is matched with the teeth of the gear 7 to be tested. The axial direction of the force-applying rod 57 coincides with the radial direction of the gear 7 to be tested. The force-applying rod 57 and the rotating end of the rotary cylinder 56 are fixedly connected by bolts. The force-applying rod 57 is used in conjunction with the gear 7 to be tested. Positioning plates 50 are vertically fixed on both sides of the force-applying rod 57 on the movable base 55. When the force-applying rod 57 rotates to a horizontal state, both sides of the force-applying rod 57 contact the positioning plates 50. When testing the gear 7, the force-applying rod 57 rotates to a horizontal state so that the toothed head 571 meshes with the teeth of the gear 7. When adjusting the gear 7, the force-applying rod 57 rotates to a vertical state so that the toothed head 571 separates from the teeth of the gear 7. A force sensor 59 is embedded in the toothed head 571. The force sensor 59 contacts the teeth of the gear 7 and collects the magnitude of the applied force in real time and feeds it back to the control system to avoid excessive damage to the gear due to the applied force exceeding the preset value, and at the same time provides data for strength assessment. In the design, the second push cylinder 58 controls the force application distance, the positioning plate 50 limits the force application direction, and the force sensor 59 provides feedback on the force application magnitude. This triple protection ensures that the applied force meets the testing standards and avoids the influence of force application deviation on the strength assessment. The rotary cylinder 54 adjusts the overall angle of the movable seat 55, and the rotary cylinder 56 adjusts the local angle of the force application rod 57, which can quickly realize the "detection-avoidance" switching and adapt to the gear angle adjustment requirements. The force application rod 57 is detachable and replaceable. By replacing the force application rod 57 with different toothed heads 571, it can adapt to gears with different tooth shapes without modifying the overall mechanism. The rotary cylinder 54 has a large output torque, which can provide a large applied force to the force application rod 57 and also resist the reverse force during the application of force, preventing the movable seat 55 from shaking.The positioning plate 50 is designed so that when the force-applying rod 57 rotates to a horizontal position, both sides contact the positioning plate 50, which helps the force-applying rod 57 to better apply force to the tooth root. The torque applied to the movable seat 55 by the rotating cylinder 54 is then transmitted to the force-applying rod 57 through the positioning plate 50.

[0035] The observation mechanism 6 includes a mounting bracket 61, an industrial electronic endoscope, a liquid nozzle 63, an electromagnetic control valve 64, and a connecting pipe 65. The mounting bracket 61 is vertically fixed on the movable seat 55. The upper part of the mounting bracket 61 is fixedly mounted with the detection lens 62 of the industrial electronic endoscope. The detection lens 62 is electrically connected to the industrial electronic endoscope and is set towards the horizontal toothed head 571 and the tooth root to be tested. The lens collects images of the tooth root surface and interior and transmits them to the display terminal in real time for the operator to observe the crack condition. The lower part of the mounting bracket 61 is fixedly mounted with a liquid nozzle 63. The liquid nozzle 63 is connected to the connecting pipe 65. The connecting pipe 65 is externally connected to a marking liquid storage tank and a liquid pump is installed at its connection. An electromagnetic control valve 64 is installed between the liquid nozzle 63 and the connecting pipe 65. The liquid nozzle 63 is set towards the horizontal toothed head 571 and the tooth root to be tested. The liquid nozzle 63 sprays the marking liquid onto the tested tooth root to avoid repeated testing.

[0036] Working principle: The preliminary preparation stage includes:

[0037] Gear installation and adaptation: According to the specifications of the gear 7 to be tested (shaft hole size, thickness, tooth shape, etc.), select the matching installation mechanism 2 components (support plate 23, support column 24, threaded rod 25, locking nut 26) and the card seat 45 of the limiting mechanism 4, and the force application rod 57 of the strength testing mechanism 5; embed the cross-shaped connecting plate 21 into the cross-shaped groove 35 of the mounting base 34 and fix it with bolts to ensure that the installation mechanism 2 and the rotating mechanism 3 are rigidly connected;

[0038] Fix the gear 7 to be tested: Place the shaft hole sleeve of the gear 7 to be tested on the support column 24, so that the limiting strip 241 on the outside of the support column 24 is embedded in the keyway 71 of the gear shaft hole (limiting circumferential rotation); tighten the locking nut 26 on the threaded rod 25 so that the upper and lower surfaces of the gear are tightly fitted with the locking nut 26 and the support plate 23 respectively (achieving axial fixation), and the gear installation is completed;

[0039] Equipment initialization: The control system issues a command to reset each mechanism to its initial state. The first push cylinder 46 of the limit mechanism 4 retracts, driving the card holder 45 to move away from the gear along the first slide rail 42, and the teeth 451 of the card holder 45 separate from the gear. The second push cylinder 58 of the strength testing mechanism 5 retracts, the sliding seat 51 moves away from the gear along the second slide rail 53, and the rotary cylinder 56 drives the force rod 57 to rotate to a vertical state (avoiding the gear). The rotary motor 32 of the rotary mechanism 3 is reset, and the encoder records the initial angle.

[0040] The single tooth root inspection process includes:

[0041] Step 1: Locate the tooth root to be tested. The rotary motor 32 of the rotating mechanism 3 starts. According to the number of teeth of the gear 7 to be tested (preset parameter), the encoder precisely controls the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 33 (rotation angle = 360° / number of teeth of the gear), driving the mounting mechanism 2 and the gear to rotate synchronously, so that the next tooth root to be tested rotates to the front of the strength testing mechanism 5; after rotating to the position, the rotary motor 32 stops, and the gear maintains the current angle;

[0042] Step 2: Gear limiting and fixing. The first push cylinder 46 of the limiting mechanism 4 extends and drives the connecting seat 43 to move along the first slide rail 42 towards the gear until the teeth 451 on the card seat 45 mesh with the partial teeth of the gear. After the meshing is completed, the first push cylinder 46 stops moving. The meshing of the teeth 451 restricts the circumferential displacement of the gear, ensuring that the gear does not rotate during the force application process.

[0043] Step 3: The strength testing mechanism 5 is aligned. The second push cylinder 58 of the strength testing mechanism 5 extends and drives the sliding seat 51 to move along the second slide rail 53 towards the gear, so that the toothed head 571 of the force application rod 57 approaches the root of the tooth to be tested. After it moves into place, the rotary cylinder 56 is started, driving the force application rod 57 to rotate from the vertical state to the horizontal state until both sides of the force application rod 57 contact the positioning plate 50. At this time, the toothed head 571 precisely meshes with the root of the tooth to be tested.

[0044] Step 4: Tooth Root Strength Testing and Observation, 1) Force Testing: The strength testing mechanism 5 applies pressure to the force application rod 57 through the rotating cylinder 54, and the tooth head 571 transmits the pressure to the tooth root to be tested; the force sensor 59 on the tooth head 571 collects the magnitude of the applied force in real time and feeds it back to the control system to ensure that the applied force value meets the preset testing standard (such as gradually loading to the preset force value or continuously loading until the tooth root cracks); 2) Real-time Observation: The industrial electronic endoscope of the observation mechanism 6 works synchronously, the detection lens 62 focuses on the tooth root to be tested, collects images of the tooth root surface and interior in real time and transmits them to the display terminal, and the operator or automatic identification system judges whether the tooth root has cracks and the depth and shape of the cracks through the images; 3) Damage Marking: If a crack is detected, the control system triggers the electromagnetic control valve 64 to open, and the liquid pump delivers the marking liquid to the liquid nozzle 63 through the connecting pipe 65. The nozzle sprays the marking liquid (such as fluorescent liquid) onto the crack area to complete the damage marking; if there is no crack, no spraying is performed, and the test results are recorded directly.

[0045] Step 5: Mechanism reset in preparation for the next round of testing. Strength test mechanism 5 resets: After the force is applied, the rotary cylinder 56 drives the force rod 57 to rotate from the horizontal state back to the vertical state (separating from the gear); the second push cylinder 58 retracts, driving the sliding seat 51 to move away from the gear along the second slide rail 53, returning to the initial position; limit mechanism 4 resets: the first push cylinder 46 retracts, driving the card seat 45 to move away from the gear along the first slide rail 42, the teeth 451 of the card seat 45 separate from the gear, releasing the circumferential restriction on the gear.

[0046] The cycle and termination phases include:

[0047] Cyclic testing: Repeat the process of "positioning the tooth root to be tested → gear limit fixing → alignment of strength testing mechanism 5 → tooth root strength testing and observation → mechanism reset" until all tooth roots of the gear have been tested (the number of rotations is recorded by the encoder of rotary motor 32, and the cycle stops when the number of gear teeth is reached).

[0048] Equipment final state reset: After all tooth root tests are completed, the control system controls each mechanism to return to the initial state, the rotary motor 32 drives the gear to rotate back to the initial angle, the limit mechanism 4 and the strength test mechanism 5 are both in a separated and avoidance state, and the observation mechanism 6 stops working.

[0049] Gear Removal and Data Processing: The operator loosens the locking nut 26, removes the inspected gear, and processes the tooth root strength test report (including parameters such as crack distribution and maximum bearing pressure) based on the image data and marked positions recorded by the observation mechanism 6.

[0050] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A gear root strength testing device for a rotary reducer, comprising a test bench (1), a mounting mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (3), a limiting mechanism (4), a strength testing mechanism (5), and an observation mechanism (6), characterized in that, A mounting mechanism (2) is rotatably mounted at the center of the upper surface of the test bench (1). The bottom rotating mechanism (3) of the mounting mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism (3). The rotating mechanism (3) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the test bench (1). The gear to be tested is fixedly mounted on the mounting mechanism (2). Limiting mechanisms (4) are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bench (1) at the left and right sides of the mounting mechanism (2). The limiting mechanisms (4) can move left and right along the radial direction of the gear to be tested (7). The limiting mechanisms (4) can be adjusted to move left and right along the radial direction of the gear to be tested (7). The local tooth meshing of the gear (7) is used to limit its circumferential displacement. The test bench (1) located on the front and rear sides of the mounting mechanism (2) is symmetrically provided with a strength test mechanism (5). The strength test mechanism (5) can be adjusted back and forth along the radial direction of the gear (7) to be tested. The strength test mechanism (5) can mesh with a single tooth of the gear (7) to be tested and apply pressure to a single tooth. The strength test mechanism (5) is also provided with an observation mechanism (6). The observation mechanism (6) is used to detect the depth and morphology of the tooth root crack and make a mark.

2. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (3) includes a motor bracket (31), a rotary motor (32), a rotating shaft (33), and a mounting base (34). The motor bracket (31) is fixedly provided at the center of the lower surface of the test bench (1). The rotary motor (32) is fixedly installed on the motor bracket (31). The output shaft of the rotary motor (32) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (33). The upper end of the rotating shaft (33) passes through the upper surface of the test bench (1) and the rotating shaft (33) is rotatably connected to the test bench (1). The upper end of the rotating shaft (33) is fixedly provided with a mounting base (34). The top of the mounting base (34) is fixedly installed with a mounting mechanism (2). An encoder is provided inside the rotary motor (32).

3. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting mechanism (2) includes a cross-shaped connecting plate (21), a connecting rod (22), a support plate (23), a support column (24), a threaded rod (25), and a locking nut (26). A cross-shaped groove (35) is provided on the mounting base (34). The cross-shaped connecting plate (21) is embedded in the cross-shaped groove (35) and fixedly connected by bolts. A connecting rod (22) is fixedly mounted on the top of the cross-shaped connecting plate (21). A support plate (23) is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting rod (22). A support column (24) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate (23). A locking nut (26) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support column (24). A threaded rod (25) is provided, the shaft hole of the gear to be tested (7) is fitted onto the support column (24), a locking nut (26) is threaded onto the threaded rod (25), the upper and lower surfaces of the gear to be tested (7) are tightly fitted with the locking nut (26) and the support plate (23) respectively, a limiting strip (241) is fixedly protruding along its axial direction on the outer side wall of the support column (24), a keyway (71) is provided along its axial direction in the shaft hole of the gear to be tested (7), the limiting strip (241) is set in the keyway (71), and the mounting mechanism (2) is used in conjunction with the gear to be tested (7).

4. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism (4) includes a fixed seat (41), a first slide rail (42), a connecting seat (43), a first slider (44), a retainer (45), and a first push cylinder (46). The fixed seat (41) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the test bench (1). The first slide rail (42) is symmetrically fixed on the fixed seat (41) along the radial direction of the gear (7) to be tested. The first slider (44) is slidably mounted on the first slide rail (42). The slider is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting seat (43). The retainer (45) is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting seat (43) by bolts. The first push cylinder (46) is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed seat (41). The extended end of the first push cylinder (46) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (43). The extension and retraction direction of the first push cylinder (46) is parallel to the axial direction of the first slide rail (42).

5. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The card holder (45) has a plurality of teeth (451) on one side facing the gear (7) to be tested. The teeth (451) are adapted to the tooth pattern of the gear (7) to be tested. When the gear (7) to be tested is tested, the teeth (451) on the card holder (45) mesh with the tooth pattern of the gear (7) to be tested. When the gear (7) to be tested is adjusted, the teeth (451) on the card holder (45) separate from the tooth pattern of the gear (7) to be tested. The card holder (45) is used in conjunction with the gear (7) to be tested.

6. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strength testing mechanism (5) includes a sliding seat (51), a second slider (52), a second slide rail (53), a rotary cylinder (54), a movable seat (55), a rotary cylinder (56), a force rod (57), and a second push cylinder (58). The sliding seat (51) has two fixed sides at its bottom, and the second slider (52) slides on the second slide rail (53). The second slide rail (53) is fixed to the upper surface of the test bench (1), and its direction is along the radial direction of the gear (7) to be tested. A second push cylinder (58) is fixed to one side of the test bench (1), and its extended end is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (51). The extension and retraction direction of the second push cylinder (58) is parallel to the axial direction of the second slide rail (53). A rotary cylinder (54) is fixed to the bottom of the sliding seat (51), and the rotation of the rotary cylinder (54)... The end of the rotary cylinder (54) is vertically upward and passes through the sliding seat (51), and the rotating end of the rotary cylinder (54) is fixedly connected to the movable seat (55). The movable seat (55) is horizontally set and a rotary cylinder (56) is fixedly installed on its top. The rotating end of the rotary cylinder (56) is fixedly connected to one end of the force rod (57). The other end of the force rod (57) is set as a toothed head (571). The toothed head (571) is adapted to the tooth pattern of the gear to be tested (7). When the gear to be tested is tested... When testing the gear (7), the force rod (57) rotates to a horizontal state so that the toothed head (571) meshes with the teeth of the gear (7) to be tested. When adjusting the gear (7) to be tested, the force rod (57) rotates to a vertical state so that the toothed head (571) separates from the teeth of the gear (7) to be tested. A force sensor (59) is embedded on the toothed head (571), and the force sensor (59) contacts the teeth of the gear (7) to be tested.

7. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The axial direction of the force-applying rod (57) coincides with the radial direction of the gear (7) to be tested. The force-applying rod (57) is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the rotary cylinder (56) by bolts. The force-applying rod (57) is used in conjunction with the gear (7) to be tested.

8. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Positioning plates (50) are vertically fixed on both sides of the force-applying rod (57) on the movable seat (55). When the force-applying rod (57) is rotated to a horizontal state, both sides of the force-applying rod (57) come into contact with the positioning plates (50).

9. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The observation mechanism (6) includes a mounting bracket (61), an industrial electronic endoscope, a liquid nozzle (63), an electromagnetic control valve (64), and a connecting pipe (65). The mounting bracket (61) is vertically fixed on the movable seat (55). The upper part of the mounting bracket (61) is fixedly mounted with the probe lens (62) of the industrial electronic endoscope. The probe lens (62) is electrically connected to the industrial electronic endoscope. The probe lens (62) is positioned facing the toothed head (571) in a horizontal state. The lower part of the mounting bracket (61) is fixedly mounted with a liquid nozzle (63). The liquid nozzle (63) is connected to the connecting pipe (65). The connecting pipe (65) is externally connected to a marking liquid storage tank and a liquid pump is installed at its connection point. An electromagnetic control valve (64) is installed between the liquid nozzle (63) and the connecting pipe (65). The liquid nozzle (63) is positioned facing the toothed head (571) in a horizontal state.

10. The rotary reducer gear tooth root strength testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The test bench (1) has a moving channel on the moving path of the rotating cylinder (54), and the rotating cylinder (54) passes through the moving channel.

Images