Beam member loading device with adjustable bending-torsion ratio and installation and loading test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device for a beam member and an installation and loading test method thereof. The device comprises two sets of clamping upper cross beams and clamping lower cross beams which are arranged symmetrically; the two sets of bent upper cross beams and bent lower cross beams are arranged in an anti-symmetric manner; a movable spherical hinge support is arranged on the upper surface of the bending and twisting upper cross beam, and the upper portion of the spherical hinge support is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo actuator; the bottom of the clamping lower cross beam is connected with an arc slide way support with a limiting function. According to the loading device and the loading method, the loading arm and the loading point of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator can be changed, a test beam composite action loading test with any different bending-torsion ratio parameters can be carried out, and the stability of the test device under the large-angle and large-deformation loading condition can be effectively realized by utilizing the spherical hinge support; the measuring device records an elastic-plastic load displacement curve in the whole process. The device is particularly suitable for bending and torsion test loading of thin-wall section steel box girders and steel-concrete combined box girders which are small in bending and torsion rigidity and large in torsion deformation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of structural engineering test device and its test method, in particular to a kind of beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device and its installation and loading test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a large number of civil engineering structures such as bridge engineering, building engineering and ocean engineering, beam members such as steel beams, concrete beams and steel-concrete composite beams are widely used and have complex stress conditions. Under the action of wind load, vehicle load and earthquake, etc., beam members are often subjected to combined action of bending moment and torsion moment. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the stress performance and failure mechanism of beam members under bending-torsion action.

[0003] Chinese patent 201611033029.5 introduces a loading device for beam members under pure torsion, but the pure torsion stress mode is rarely seen in practice, and there are certain deficiencies. The existing test loading devices under bending-torsion combined action have limited capacity, and generally use ordinary hydraulic jacks combined with reaction frames as loading equipment. The conventional contact mode of loading point cannot make the loading beam member reach the elastic-plastic large deformation state stably, especially for steel beams and steel-concrete composite beams with weak bending-torsion stiffness. Therefore, it is difficult for the test device to obtain the load-displacement curve from elasticity to plasticity of the test beam. The main reason is that as the bending-torsion angle of the test beam increases to a certain extent, the jack will tilt and cannot continue to maintain the initial vertical loading mode. If the tilt is ignored and the loading continues, it may even tip over, endangering the safety of the experimenters.

[0004] In addition, it is difficult to adjust the composite loading ratio of different bending-torsion ratios of beam members, and a set of device cannot simultaneously realize loading test of multiple bending-torsion ratios.

[0005] The existing slide supports lack limiting function. After the beam member is twisted and deformed, the roller part in the slide may slide out of the support, reducing the sliding function. Therefore, a beam member bending-torsion test device is needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio test loading device and its installation and test method. The bending-torsion upper cross beam and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator are connected through the spherical hinge support. The position of the spherical hinge support is adjusted to realize adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading mode. The bending-torsion combined action loading of the beam member is quickly and conveniently realized. The reliability of the bending-torsion test device is effectively enhanced, and the bending-torsion test loading device has good development prospects.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device comprises:

[0009] Two sets of clamping upper cross beams and clamping lower cross beams are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the test beam;

[0010] Two sets of bending-torsion upper cross beams and bending-torsion lower cross beams are arranged in an anti-symmetrical manner on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle part of the test beam;

[0011] The upper surface of the bending-torsion upper cross beam is provided with a movable spherical hinge support, and the upper part of the spherical hinge support is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo actuator for providing a vertical force; the spherical hinge support can realize large-angle and large-deformation free rotation, thereby ensuring the stable loading of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator in the vertical direction, avoiding the horizontal rotation of the test beam, recording the elastic-plastic load displacement curve from the elastic to the elastic-plastic descending segment through the pressure and displacement sensors of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, and ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the test data;

[0012] The bottom of the clamping lower cross beam is connected with a circular arc sliding track support, and the geometric rotation center of the circular arc sliding track support coincides with the bending-torsion rotation center O of the test beam;

[0013] The circular arc sliding track support is fixed to the subduction ground;

[0014] The electro-hydraulic servo actuator is rigidly connected with the spherical hinge support.

[0015] The mechanical boundary conditions of the test beam are reasonably set: the bending-torsion upper cross beam, the spherical hinge support and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator are integrally connected to form an adjustable bending-torsion ratio M / T core loading part, the clamping upper cross beam, the clamping lower cross beam and the circular arc sliding track support form a constraint support part, and the beam segment between the two pairs of bending-torsion upper cross beams and bending-torsion lower cross beams is a bending-torsion loading mechanical property test area. By arranging the circular arc sliding track support at the end of the test beam, the bending moment constraint is completely released, the rotation center of the circular arc sliding track support and the rotation center of the test beam under the bending-torsion action are accurately overlapped, and the consistency of the assumed conditions of the test device and the test beam model is ensured.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the upper connecting plate of the bending-torsion upper cross beam is provided with grid-shaped threaded holes, the column spacing of the threaded holes is d1, and the row spacing is d2, wherein d1=5d0 and d2=3d0, d0 being the diameter of the bolt hole;

[0017] The spherical hinge support is connected with the threaded hole through high-strength bolts and is longitudinally adjustable along the bending-torsion upper cross beam, the spherical hinge support realizes adjustable bending-torsion ratio by changing the position, and synchronous composite loading test of bending moment and torque is efficiently realized through a set of devices.

[0018] Beneficial effects: the bending and torsion loading test device is convenient to adjust: compared with the current bending and torsion loading device technology, the application innovatively opens a grid-shaped bolt hole on the bending and torsion upper beam, adjusts the position of the ball-type support on the bending and torsion upper beam to change the loading arm of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, can freely change the size of the loading arm, and can move the bending and torsion upper beam to realize different three-point bending moment test beam loading, and can perform loading tests of any different bending and torsion ratio parameters.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the ball-type hinge support comprises a ball hinge upper support plate, a stiffening plate, a ball head, an intermediate cover plate and a ball hinge lower support plate;

[0020] The intermediate cover plate and the ball hinge lower support plate are provided with a groove matching the radius r of the ball head, and the intermediate cover plate and the ball hinge lower support plate are rigidly connected by the high-strength bolts to limit the horizontal displacement of the ball head and only allow rotation around the ball center;

[0021] The ball head and the intermediate cover plate and the lower support plate are fully lubricated by lubricating grease;

[0022] The height h1 of the intermediate cover plate is r / 2, and the side length a1 is 4r; the height h2 of the lower support plate is 2r, and the side length a2 is 4r, and r is the radius of the ball head.

[0023] Beneficial effects: the ball-type hinge support and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator can realize the whole process of bending and torsion loading: the ball-type hinge support connects the bending and torsion upper beam and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, lubricating grease is injected into the ball-type hinge support to realize zero friction, which is consistent with the ideal hinge state of the test model, ensures that the concentrated force output by the electro-hydraulic servo actuator is loaded on the bending and torsion upper beam, and no concentrated torque is generated. When the test beam undergoes large plastic deformation, the ball-type hinge support can synchronously rotate at a large angle to realize the whole loading process without lateral instability, thereby ensuring the safe loading of the test.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the circular arc slide support comprises a top connecting plate, a circular arc slide plate, a circular arc slide, a limiting baffle, a base connecting plate and a cylindrical roller shaft;

[0025] The top connecting plate is connected to the top of the circular arc slide plate and is used to connect and clamp the lower beam;

[0026] The cylindrical roller shaft is placed between the circular arc slide plate and the circular arc slide, and the surface of the circular arc slide and the cylindrical roller shaft is fully coated with lubricating oil;

[0027] The circular arc slide plate and the circular arc slide are matched, and the two sides of the circular arc slide plate are provided with symmetrically arranged and downwardly extending embedded buckles, and the embedded buckles are used to limit the lateral sliding of the cylindrical roller shaft along the circular arc slide under large-angle and large-deformation rolling;

[0028] The rotating radius of the circular arc sliding track is consistent with the bending and torsion rotating radius R of the test beam;

[0029] The limiting baffle is inverted L-shaped, is connected to the base connecting plate and is located at the front and rear ends of the circular arc sliding track, and is used for limiting the rolling amplitude of the cylindrical roller.

[0030] Beneficial effects: compared with the existing rotating support, the arc-shaped protrusions on the upper half of the support are provided with symmetrical limiting portions extending downward, the limiting portions are used for limiting the lateral displacement between the upper half of the support with the arc-shaped protrusions and the lower half of the support with the arc-shaped grooves, the problem that the roller is easy to slide out under large rotation angle is solved, the support is beneficial to fully realize the bending and torsion loading mode of large rotation angle and large deformation, and the installation process is more convenient and does not need to be disassembled and assembled for many times.

[0031] In an alternative embodiment, the bending and torsion upper cross beam and the bending and torsion lower cross beam are clamped with b pairs of second double-headed screws, the interval B2 is greater than B1, B1 is the width of the test beam, B2 is the interval of the second double-headed screws, and b is an even number greater than or equal to 2;

[0032] The two sets of bending and torsion cross beams and the bending and torsion lower cross beam are arranged in anti-symmetry about the cross section of the test beam.

[0033] The application further discloses a mounting method of the adjustable bending and torsion ratio loading device based on the beam component, which comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, sequentially mounting from bottom to top, first, the bottom of the circular arc sliding track support is fixedly connected to the ground through ground anchor bolts, then the clamping lower cross beam and the circular arc sliding track support are rigidly connected through the opposite penetrating third double-headed screws;

[0035] S2, rotating the circular arc support and adjusting the clamping lower cross beam to be horizontal, temporarily fixing the circular arc sliding track support by using a first temporary support, and keeping the clamping lower cross beam in a temporary horizontal stable state by using a support;

[0036] S3, in a left-right symmetrical manner, first, the test beam end bottom surface is horizontally placed on the clamping lower cross beam, the clamping upper cross beam is horizontally placed on the top surface of the test beam, and the clamping upper cross beam and the clamping lower cross beam are rigidly connected through the opposite penetrating first double-headed screws;

[0037] S4, in a left-right anti-symmetrical manner, the bending and torsion upper cross beam is horizontally placed at a distance x0 from the end of the test beam, then the bending and torsion lower cross beam and the bending and torsion upper cross beam are rigidly connected through the opposite penetrating second double-headed screws, the bending and torsion upper cross beam and the bending and torsion lower cross beam are kept stable by using a second temporary support, an electro-hydraulic servo actuator is mounted on the counterforce frame, and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator is adjusted to keep a vertical state;

[0038] S5, according to the bending and torsion combined action loading arm l0 of the test requirements, install the spherical hinge support on the bending and torsion upper cross beam, adjust the telescopic oil cylinder of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator to contact the spherical hinge support through the lower adapter of the actuator, and connect the two through bolts; according to the measurement results of the high-precision laser level instrument, adjust the perpendicularity of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator and the spherical hinge support and the initial state of the bending and torsion upper cross beam to keep horizontal, remove the first temporary support on the circular arc slide support and the second temporary support on the bending and torsion upper cross beam after meeting the requirements.

[0039] The application further discloses a loading test method of the beam component adjustable bending and torsion ratio loading device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0040] S6, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator applies an eccentric concentrated force that is always vertically downward to the bending and torsion upper cross beam through the spherical hinge support, according to the synchronous and accurate detection data of the pressure sensor, the angle measuring instrument and the displacement meter of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, the bending moment M and the torsion moment T borne by the test beam are calculated, until the test beam is damaged, and the bending and torsion load-displacement curve of the test beam from the elastic stage to the elastic-plastic stage is output;

[0041] S7, when the loading of one test beam is completed, the next beam loading is carried out by changing the bending moment / torsion moment compound ratio, the position of the spherical hinge support is moved to change the force arm l0, or the position of the bending and torsion upper cross beam is moved to change x0, so that the bending and torsion ratio M / T is continuously adjusted, wherein,

[0042] l0 is the initial force arm of the vertical concentrated force F;

[0043] x0 is the distance from the bending and torsion upper cross beam and the bending and torsion lower cross beam to the nearest end of the test beam.

[0044] As an optional embodiment of the loading test method, when the bending and torsion loading beam is horizontal, the initial bending moment M0=F×x0, and the initial torsion moment T0=F×l0;

[0045] When the test beam rotates with the increase of the loading force F, and the rotation angle θ is 0°≤θ≤45°, the real-time torsion moment T1=F×l1, and l1=l0×cosθ;

[0046] When the position of the spherical hinge support is adjusted, the force arm change amount Δl0=±kd1, k is a positive integer, and d1 is the pitch of the threaded hole row;

[0047] When the position of the bending and torsion loading beam is adjusted, the bending moment action point change amount Δx0, the new torsion moment T2=F×(l0+Δl0), the new bending moment M1=F×x1, and x1=(x0+Δx0). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1A schematic structural view of a beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device of the present application;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic view of a test beam of the present application;

[0050] Figure 3a A schematic view of a clamping upper beam of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3b A schematic view of a clamping lower beam of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4a A schematic structural view of a bending-torsion upper beam of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4b A schematic structural view of a bending-torsion lower beam of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5a A perspective view of a spherical hinge support of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5b A front view of a spherical hinge support of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5c A 1-1 sectional view of Figure 5b ;

[0057] Figure 6 A schematic structural view of an electro-hydraulic servo actuator of the present application;

[0058] Figure 7a A perspective view of a circular arc slide support of the present application;

[0059] Figure 7b A front view of a circular arc slide support of the present application;

[0060] Figure 7c A 1-1 sectional view of Figure 7b ;

[0061] Figure 7d A top view of a circular arc slide support of the present application;

[0062] Figure 7e A 2-2 sectional view of Figure 7d ;

[0063] Figure 8 A schematic view of an earth anchor bolt of the present application;

[0064] Figure 9a A schematic view of a first double-headed screw rod of the present application;

[0065] Figure 9b A schematic view of a second double-headed screw rod of the present application;

[0066] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the ground surface with trenches according to the present invention;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third double-ended screw of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 12a This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the test beam bending and torsion device of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 12b for Figure 12a Schematic diagram of bending and torsion at section AA;

[0070] Figure 12c for Figure 12a Schematic diagram of bending and torsion of the BB section;

[0071] Figure 13a The bending moment diagram of the test beam of this invention under bending and torsional loads;

[0072] Figure 13b This is a torque diagram of the test beam of the present invention under bending and torsional loads;

[0073] Figure 14 This is a physical diagram of the test beam of the present invention under bending and torsional loads;

[0074] Figure 15 This is a physical diagram of the spherical hinge support of the present invention.

[0075] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1-test beam; 2-clamping upper cross beam; 201-first upper connecting plate; 202-first web plate; 203-first lower connecting plate; 204-bolt hole; 3-clamping lower cross beam; 301-second upper connecting plate; 302-second web plate; 303-second lower connecting plate; 4-bending and torsion upper cross beam; 401-third upper connecting plate; 402-third web plate; 403-third lower connecting plate; 404-first bolt hole; 405-second bolt hole; 5-bending and torsion lower cross beam; 501-fourth upper connecting plate; 502-fourth web plate; 503-fourth lower connecting plate; 504-third bolt hole; 6-spherical hinge support; 601-spherical hinge upper support plate; 602-stiffening rib; 603-spherical head; 604-intermediate cover plate; 605-spherical hinge lower support plate; 606-bolt hole; 607-high-strength bolt; 608-upper connecting plate bolt hole; 7-electro-hydraulic servo actuator; 701-bolt; 702-actuator lower adapter; 703-pivot pin; 704-pressure sensor; 705-telescopic oil cylinder; 706-actuator upper adapter; 8-circular arc sliding track support; 801-top connecting plate; 802-circular arc sliding plate; 803-circular arc sliding track; 804-limiting baffle; 805-base connecting plate; 806-bolt hole; 807-cylindrical roller; 9-ground anchor bolt; 901-connecting plate; 902-screw rod; 903-base; 10-first stud bolt; 1001-first stud screw; 1002-first nut; 11-second stud bolt; 1101-second stud screw; 1102-second nut; 12-ground with trench; 13-third stud bolt; 1301-third stud screw; 1302-third nut; 14-angle measuring instrument; 15-displacement meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0077] A beam member adjustable bending and torsion ratio test loading device and its installation and loading test method are proposed in the embodiments of the present application described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0078] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the beam member adjustable bending and torsion ratio test loading device of the present application comprises a test beam 1, a clamping upper cross beam 2, a clamping lower cross beam 3, a bending and torsion upper cross beam 4, a bending and torsion lower cross beam 5, a spherical hinge support 6, an electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7, a circular arc sliding track support 8, a ground anchor bolt 9, a first stud bolt 10, a second stud bolt 11, a ground with trench 12, a third stud bolt 13, an angle measuring instrument 14, and a displacement meter 15.

[0079] Two sets of positive symmetry are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the test beam 1, and the clamping upper beam 2 and the clamping lower beam 3 are arranged in the middle of the test beam 1, and two sets of negative symmetry are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the test beam 1, and the bending and torsion upper beam 4 and the bending and torsion lower beam 5 are arranged in the middle of the test beam 1;

[0080] One end of the upper surface of the bending and torsion upper beam 4 is connected with a movable spherical hinge support 6, the lower part of the spherical hinge support 6 is connected with the bending and torsion upper beam 4, and the upper part is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 for applying vertical force; the spherical hinge support 6 can realize large-angle and large-deformation free rotation, guarantee the stable loading of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 in the vertical direction, avoid the horizontal rotation of the test beam 1, record the elastic-plastic load displacement curve from the elastic to the elastic-plastic descending section through the pressure and displacement sensors of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7, and guarantee the accuracy and integrity of the test data;

[0081] The clamping upper beam 2 and the clamping lower beam 3 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper and lower surfaces of the end part of the test beam 1 through first double-headed bolts 10; the second lower connecting plate 303 of the clamping lower beam 3 is connected with the circular arc slide support 8 through the third double-headed bolt 13.

[0082] The clamping lower beam 3 is connected with the circular arc slide support 8, and the geometric rotation center of the circular arc slide support 8 coincides with the bending and torsion rotation center O of the test beam 1;

[0083] The circular arc slide support 8 is fixed to the circumglobal ground 12;

[0084] The electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is rigidly connected with the spherical hinge support 6.

[0085] The mechanical boundary conditions of the test beam are reasonably set: the circular arc slide support is arranged at the end part of the test beam, the bending moment constraint is released, the rotation center of the circular arc slide support coincides with the rotation center of the test beam under the bending and torsion action, and the consistency of the assumed conditions of the test device and the test beam model is ensured.

[0086] The bending and torsion upper beam 4, the spherical hinge support 6 and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 are integrally connected to form an adjustable bending and torsion ratio M / T core loading part, the clamping upper beam 2, the clamping lower beam 3 and the circular arc slide support 8 form a constraint support part; the beam section of the test beam 1 between the two pairs of bending and torsion upper beams 4 and the bending and torsion lower beams 5 is a bending and torsion loading mechanical property test area.

[0087] As Figure 3aAs shown in the drawings, the clamping upper cross beam 2 is welded by a first upper connecting plate 201, a first web plate 202 and a first lower connecting plate 203; the first upper connecting plate 201 and the first lower connecting plate 203 are parallel to each other, and the first web plate 202 is perpendicular to the first upper connecting plate 201 and the first lower connecting plate 203; the first web plate 202 is reinforced by arranging multiple groups of symmetrical and equidistant stiffened rib steel plates; the upper and lower surfaces of the clamping upper cross beam 2 are provided with bolt holes 204.

[0088] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3b The clamping lower cross beam 3 is welded by a second upper connecting plate 301, a second web plate 302 and a second lower connecting plate 303; the second upper connecting plate 301 and the second lower connecting plate 303 are parallel to each other, and the second web plate 302 is perpendicular to the second upper connecting plate 301 and the second lower connecting plate 303; the upper and lower surfaces of the clamping lower cross beam 3 are provided with bolt holes 304 with a spacing B2 greater than the width B1 of the test beam.

[0089] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4a The bending-torsional upper cross beam 4 is welded by a third upper connecting plate 401, a third web plate 402 and a third lower connecting plate 403; the third upper connecting plate 401 and the third lower connecting plate 403 are parallel to each other, and the third web plate 402 is perpendicular to the third upper connecting plate 401 and the third lower connecting plate 403; the side edges of the third web plate 402 are symmetrically and vertically welded with stiffening plates; the surface of the third upper connecting plate 401 is provided with a grid-shaped first bolt hole 404, the column spacing of the first bolt hole 404 is d1, the row spacing of the first bolt hole 404 is d2, d1 is 5 times the diameter d0 of the first bolt hole 404, and d2 is 3 times the diameter d0 of the first bolt hole 404; the third upper connecting plate 401 is tightly connected with the spherical hinge lower support plate 605 of the spherical hinge support through high-strength bolts 607.

[0090] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4b The bending-torsional lower cross beam 5 is welded by a fourth upper connecting plate 501, a fourth web plate 502 and a fourth lower connecting plate 503; the fourth upper connecting plate 501 and the fourth lower connecting plate 503 are parallel to each other, and the fourth web plate 502 is perpendicular to the fourth upper connecting plate 501 and the fourth lower connecting plate 503; the side edges of the fourth web plate 502 are symmetrically and vertically welded with stiffening plates.

[0091] The bending-torsional upper cross beam 4 and the bending-torsional lower cross beam 5 are both welded by steel plates; the third lower connecting plate 403 of the bending-torsional upper cross beam 4 is provided with a second bolt hole 405, and the fourth upper connecting plate 501 of the bending-torsional lower cross beam 5 is provided with a third bolt hole 504; the second bolt hole 405 and the third bolt hole 504 are both provided with b groups and are one-to-one corresponding in up and down; the spacing B2 between the double-headed screw rods is greater than the width B1 of the test beam 1.

[0092] Compared with the current bending and torsion loading device technology, the application innovatively opens a grid-shaped bolt hole on the bending and torsion upper cross beam, adjusts the position of the ball-type support on the bending and torsion upper cross beam to change the loading arm of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, can freely change the size of the loading arm, meets the adjustment of various bending and torsion ratios of the test beam, and can perform loading test on the test beam with different bending and torsion ratio parameters.

[0093] As shown in Figure 5a , 5b and 5c, the ball-type hinge support 6 comprises, from top to bottom, a ball hinge upper support plate 601 fixedly connected with the bottom of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 adapter 702, a ball head 603 vertically welded with the ball hinge upper support plate 601, a stiffening plate 602 welded with the ball head 603 and the ball hinge upper support plate 601 for enhancing the rigidity, an intermediate cover plate 604 for limiting the lateral deviation of the ball head 603, and a ball hinge lower support plate 605 connected with the intermediate cover plate 604 through high-strength bolts 607.

[0094] The ball head 603, the intermediate cover plate 604 and the ball hinge lower support plate 605 are respectively fully lubricated by lubricating grease, the intermediate cover plate 604 and the ball hinge lower support plate 605 are both machined with a groove with a radius r of the ball head 603 for precise matching with the size of the ball head 603, the height h1 of the intermediate cover plate 604 is 1 / 2 of the radius r of the ball head 603, the side length a1 is 4 times the radius r of the ball head 603, the height h2 of the ball hinge lower support plate 605 is 2 times the radius r of the ball head 603, and the side length a2 is 4 times the radius r of the ball head 603.

[0095] When the test beam 1 is subjected to bending and torsion loading, the cross section at the bending and torsion upper cross beam 4 generates an angle θ between 0° and 45°, the ball hinge lower support plate 605 relative to the ball head 603 generates a horizontal inclination angle θ; the intermediate cover plate 604 and the ball hinge lower support plate 605 are rigidly connected through high-strength bolts 607, limiting the ball head 603 from sliding longitudinally and laterally, and only allowing rotation around the ball center.

[0096] As shown in Figure 6 , it is an electro-hydraulic servo actuator, 701 is a bolt; 702 is an actuator lower adapter; 703 is a pin shaft; 704 is a pressure sensor, 705 is a telescopic oil cylinder, and 706 is an actuator upper adapter.

[0097] As shown in Figure 7a , 7b , 7c, 7d and 7e, the circular arc sliding way support 8 comprises a top connecting plate 801, a circular arc sliding plate 802, a circular arc sliding way 803, a limiting baffle 804, a base connecting plate 805 and a cylindrical roller shaft 807.

[0098] The top connecting plate 801 is connected to the top of the circular arc sliding plate 802 and is used for connecting the clamped lower cross beam 3.

[0099] The cylindrical roller 807 is placed between the arc sliding plate 802 and the arc sliding rail 803, and the arc sliding rail 803 and the surface of the cylindrical roller 807 are fully coated with lubricating grease;

[0100] The arc sliding plate 802 is matched with the arc sliding rail 803, and the arc sliding plate is provided with symmetrically arranged and downwardly extending embedded buckles on both sides, which are used to limit the lateral sliding of the cylindrical roller 807 along the arc sliding rail 803 under large-angle and large-deformation rolling;

[0101] The rotation radius of the arc sliding rail 803 is consistent with the bending-torsion rotation radius R of the test beam 1;

[0102] The limiting baffle 804 is in the shape of inverted L, is connected to the base connecting plate 805, and is located at the front and rear ends of the arc sliding rail 803, and is used to limit the rolling amplitude of the cylindrical roller 807.

[0103] As shown in Figure 9a , the clamping upper cross beam 2 and the clamping lower cross beam 3 are rigidly connected as a whole by the first double-headed screw 1001 and by clamping the test beam 1 beam end by tightening the first nut 1002.

[0104] As shown in Figure 9b , the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 and the bending-torsion lower cross beam 5 are rigidly connected as a whole by clamping the position x0 away from the test beam 1 end by tightening the second nut 1102 through the b pairs of second double-headed screws 1101, and the two sets of bending-torsion upper cross beams 4 and bending-torsion lower cross beams 5 are arranged in anti-symmetry about the mid-span cross section of the test beam, and b is an even number not less than 2.

[0105] As shown in Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the lower connecting plate 805 of the arc sliding rail support 8 is fixedly connected to the ground 12 with the ground slot through the ground anchor bolt 9; the actuator lower adapter 702 of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is connected through the bolt 701 and the spherical hinge support 6; the second lower connecting plate 303 of the clamping lower cross beam 3 is connected to the arc sliding rail support 8 through the third double-headed bolt 13.

[0106] As shown in Figure 12a , Figure 12b and Figure 12cAs shown, the vertical concentrated force output by the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is F, which can be measured by the force sensor 704 arranged inside the electro-hydraulic servo actuator. When the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 is in the initial horizontal position, the initial force arm of the concentrated force F is l0, and the initial torque T0 of the test beam 1 is Fl0. The distance from the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 and the bending-torsion lower cross beam 5 to the nearest end of the test beam 1 is x0, and the distance between the two bending-torsion upper cross beams 4 is L-2x0, which is the bending-torsion test area. At this time, the initial bending moment M0 of the test beam 1 is Fx0.

[0107] When the F applied by the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 gradually increases, the test beam 1 rotates around the geometric center O of the cross section by an angle θ, 0°≤θ≦45°, and the torque T1 it receives is Fxl1, l1=l0xcosθ. When a new test beam 1 needs to be loaded with a changed bending-torsion ratio, the spherical hinge support 6 and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 can be moved as a whole along the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 by a distance Δl0, so that the change in the initial loading arm l0 of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is Δl0. At this time, the initial torque T0 of the test beam 1 changes to T2=F×(l0+Δl0). When the two pairs of bending-torsion upper cross beams 4 / bending-torsion lower cross beams 5 are simultaneously moved along the test beam 1 by a distance Δx0, the initial bending moment M0 of the test beam 1 can be changed to M1=F×x1, x1=x0+Δx0. The angle θ of the test beam 1 can be measured using the angle measuring instrument 14 arranged in the bending-torsion test area of the test beam 1. Δl0=±kd1, k is a positive integer, F is the vertical force output by the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7, L is the length of the test beam 1, and d1 is the column spacing of the first bolt hole 404 of the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 in the grid layout.

[0108] As shown in Figure 13a and Figure 13b When the bending-torsion test device of the test beam 1 is simultaneously transformed in the above two ways, i.e. the transformation of the positions of the spherical hinge support 6 and the bending-torsion upper cross beam 4 / bending-torsion lower cross beam 5, an arbitrary ratio of bending-torsion ratio M / T loading mode can be achieved, i.e. adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading.

[0109] A mounting method of a beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device, comprising the following steps:

[0110] S1, according to the order from bottom to top, first, the bottom of the circular arc sliding way support 8 is fixed to the ground 12 through the ground anchor bolt 9, then the clamping lower cross beam 3 and the circular arc sliding way support 8 are rigidly connected through the third double-headed bolt 13.

[0111] S2, rotate the circular arc support 8 and adjust the clamping lower cross beam 3 to be horizontal, temporarily fix the circular arc sliding way support 8 with wooden wedges, and use a support to keep the clamping lower cross beam 3 in a temporarily horizontal stable state.

[0112] S3, in a left-right symmetrical manner, first, the test beam 1 end bottom surface is horizontally placed on the clamping lower crossbeam 3, the clamping upper crossbeam 2 is horizontally placed on the top surface of the test beam 1, and the clamping upper crossbeam 2 and the clamping lower crossbeam 3 are rigidly connected through the first double-headed bolt 10;

[0113] S4, in a left-right anti-symmetrical manner, the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 is horizontally placed at a distance x0 from the end of the test beam 1, then the bending-torsion lower crossbeam 5 and the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 are rigidly connected through the second double-headed bolt 11, temporary supports are used to keep the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 and the bending-torsion lower crossbeam 5 stable, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is installed on the experimental laboratory reaction frame, and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is adjusted to keep a vertical state;

[0114] S5, according to the bending-torsion combined action loading arm l0 required by the test, the spherical hinge support 6 is installed on the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4, the telescopic oil cylinder 705 of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 is adjusted to accurately contact the spherical hinge support 6 through the actuator lower adapter 702, and the two are connected through the bolt 701; according to the measurement result of the high-precision laser level instrument, the perpendicularity of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 and the spherical hinge support 6 and the initial state of the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 are adjusted to keep horizontal, and after meeting the requirements, the circular arc slide support 8 and the temporary support of the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 are removed.

[0115] The loading test method of the beam component adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device provided by the application comprises the following steps:

[0116] S6, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7 applies an eccentric concentrated force that is always vertically downward to the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 through the spherical hinge support 6, according to the synchronous and accurate detection data of the pressure sensor 704, the rotation angle measuring instrument 14 and the displacement meter 15 of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 7, the bending-torsion combined action torque T and the bending moment M borne by the test beam 1 are calculated, and the bending-torsion-displacement curve from the elastic stage to the elastic-plastic stage is obtained until the test beam 1 is damaged;

[0117] S7, when the loading of one test beam 1 is completed and the next beam loading needs to be carried out by changing the bending moment / torque combined ratio, the position of the spherical hinge support 6 is moved to change the force arm l0, or the position of the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 is moved to change x0, so that the bending-torsion ratio M / T is continuously adjusted, wherein,

[0118] l0 is the initial force arm of the vertical concentrated force F;

[0119] x0 is the distance from the bending-torsion upper crossbeam 4 and the bending-torsion lower crossbeam 5 to the nearest end of the test beam 1.

[0120] When the bending-torsion loading beam is horizontal, the initial bending moment M0=Fx0, and the initial torque T0=Fl0;

[0121] When the test beam is rotated with the increasing loading force F, the real-time torque T1=Fxl1, l1=l0xcosθ, 0°≤θ≤45°;

[0122] When the position of the ball hinge support is adjusted, the force arm variation Δl0=±kd1, k is a positive integer, and d1 is the pitch of the threaded hole column;

[0123] When the position of the bending-torsion loading beam is adjusted, the bending moment action point variation Δx0, the new torque T2=F×(l0+Δl0), the new bending moment M1=F×x1, x1=(x0+Δx0).

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the drawings are merely used for illustrative purposes, and the representations are only schematic diagrams, not physical drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present application; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, some components of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some common structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted; the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limited; although the above preferred embodiments and the present application have been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A beam member adjustable bending-torsion ratio loading device, characterized by, The application relates to a loading device for a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio. The loading device comprises two sets of clamping upper cross beams and clamping lower cross beams arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the test beam in positive symmetry; Two sets of bending-torsion upper cross beams and bending-torsion lower cross beams are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle part of the test beam in negative symmetry; The upper surface of the bending-torsion upper cross beam is provided with a movable spherical hinge support, and the upper part of the spherical hinge support is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo actuator for providing vertical force; the spherical hinge support can realize large-angle and large-deformation free rotation, can guarantee the stable loading of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator in the vertical direction, can avoid the horizontal rotation of the test beam, can record the elastic-plastic load displacement curve in the whole process from the elastic stage to the elastic-plastic stage through the pressure and displacement sensors of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, and can guarantee the accuracy and integrity of the test data; The clamping lower crossbeam bottom is connected with the arc slide support, and the geometric rotation center of the arc slide support is the bending and torsion rotation center of the test beam O coincide; The circular arc sliding support is fixed to the geosyncline ground; The electro-hydraulic servo actuator is rigidly connected with the spherical hinge support.

2. The loading device for a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio according to claim 1, wherein the spherical hinge support is connected with the first bolt hole through a high-strength bolt and is longitudinally adjustable along the bending-torsion upper cross beam; the spherical hinge support realizes adjustable bending-torsion ratio by changing the position, and realizes the synchronous composite loading test of bending moment and torque through a set of devices. The upper connecting plate of the bending-torsion upper cross beam is provided with first bolt holes arranged in a grid shape, and the column spacing of the first bolt holes is d 1 , and the row spacing is d 2 , wherein d 1 = 5 d 0 , d 2 = 3 d 0 , d 0 is the diameter of the first bolt hole; 3. The loading device for a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio according to claim 1, wherein the spherical hinge support comprises a spherical hinge upper support plate, a ball head, an intermediate cover plate and a spherical hinge lower support plate, wherein the bottom of the spherical hinge upper support plate is fixedly connected with the ball head through a ball head connecting rod.

4. The loading device for a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio according to claim 1, wherein the circular arc sliding support comprises a top connecting plate, a circular arc sliding plate, a circular arc sliding groove, a limiting baffle, a base connecting plate and a cylindrical roller shaft; the top connecting plate is connected on the top of the circular arc sliding plate and is used for connecting the clamping lower cross beam; the cylindrical roller shaft is arranged between the circular arc sliding plate and the circular arc sliding groove, and the surfaces of the circular arc sliding groove and the cylindrical roller shaft are fully coated with lubricating grease; the circular arc sliding plate is matched with the circular arc sliding groove, and both sides of the circular arc sliding plate are provided with symmetrically arranged and downwardly extending embedded buckles which are used for limiting the lateral sliding of the cylindrical roller shaft along the circular arc sliding groove under large-angle and large-deformation rolling; the limiting baffle is in the shape of inverted L and is connected on the base connecting plate and located at the front and rear ends of the circular arc sliding groove and is used for limiting the rolling amplitude of the cylindrical roller shaft.

5. The loading device for a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio according to claim 1, wherein the two sets of bending-torsion cross beams and the bending-torsion lower cross beams are arranged in negative symmetry about the cross section of the middle span of the test beam. The lower support plate of the ball joint is equipped with a matching ball head radius. r The ball head is disposed in the groove; height of the intermediate cover plate h 1 = r / 2, side length a 1 =4 r ; height of the lower support plate (605) h 2 =2 r , side length a 2 =4 r ; The intermediate cover plate is provided with a groove matching the radius of the ball head r and is connected with the lower ball hinge support plate through high-strength bolts to limit the horizontal displacement of the ball head and only allow rotation around the ball center. The application further discloses a method for loading a beam component with adjustable bending-torsion ratio. S1. According to the sequence from bottom to top, the bottom of the circular arc sliding support is fixed to the geosyncline ground through a ground anchor bolt, and then the clamping lower cross beam and the circular arc sliding support are rigidly connected through the penetrating third double-headed bolt; S2. The circular arc support is rotated and the clamping lower cross beam is adjusted to be horizontal, the circular arc sliding support is temporarily fixed by the first temporary support, and the clamping lower cross beam is kept in the temporary horizontal stable state by using the support. ​ ​ The rotating radius of the circular arc slide way and the bending and torsional rotating radius of the test beam R Consistent; ​ ​ between the bending-torsion upper crossbeam and the bending-torsion lower crossbeam through b for the second double-headed screw clamping test beam, the interval B 2 > B 1 , B 1 for the test beam width, B 2 for the second double-headed screw interval, and b is an even number greater than or equal to 2; ​ 6. A method of installing a variable bending-torsion ratio loading device based on the beam member of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by, ​ ​ ​ S3, in a left-right symmetrical way, first place the end bottom surface of the test beam horizontally on the clamping lower crossbeam, place the clamping upper crossbeam horizontally on the top surface of the test beam, and rigidly connect the clamping upper crossbeam and the clamping lower crossbeam through the first double-headed bolt; S4, in a left-right anti-symmetry manner, horizontally place the bending and twisting upper cross beam at a distance from the end of the test beam x 0 Then, the bending and twisting lower cross beam and the bending and twisting upper cross beam are rigidly connected by the second double-headed bolt, the bending and twisting upper cross beam and the bending and twisting lower cross beam are kept stable by using the second temporary support, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator is installed on the counter-force frame, and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator is adjusted to keep a vertical state. S5, a bending-torsion combined action loading arm according to the test requirement l 0 Install the spherical hinge support on the bending-torsion upper cross beam, adjust the telescopic oil cylinder of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator to contact the spherical hinge support through the lower adapter, and connect the two through bolts; according to the measurement result of the high-precision laser level instrument, adjust the perpendicularity of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator and the spherical hinge support and the initial state of the bending-torsion upper cross beam (4) to keep horizontal, remove the first temporary support on the circular arc slide support and the second temporary support on the bending-torsion upper cross beam after meeting the requirements.

7. A method of loading test of a beam member with adjustable bending-torsion ratio based on the loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: S6, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator applies the eccentric concentrated force always vertically downward to the bending-torsion upper cross beam through the spherical hinge support, and the torque borne by the test beam is calculated according to the synchronous and accurate detection data of the pressure sensor, the rotation angle measuring instrument and the displacement meter of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator T and the bending moment M The complex action is continued until the test beam is damaged, and the bending-torsion load-displacement curve of the test beam from the elastic stage to the elasto-plastic stage is output. S7, when the loading of a test beam is completed, the next beam loading is carried out by changing the bending moment / torsion moment compound ratio, the force arm is changed by moving the spherical hinge support position l 0 , or the bending-torsion upper cross beam position is moved to change x 0 , the bending-torsion ratio M / T is continuously adjusted, wherein, l 0 for vertical concentrated forces F initial lever arm of the force x 0 The distance from the test beam to the nearest end of the upper and lower flexural-torsional crossbeams.

8. The loading test method of the beam member adjustable bending-torsional ratio loading device according to claim 7, characterized by, When the beam is horizontal, the initial bending moment M 0 = Fx 0 , the initial torsion moment T 0 = Fl 0 ; When the test beam is rotated by an angle F , 0°≤ θ ≤45° as the load force θ increases, the real-time torque T 1 = F × l 1 , l 1 = l 0 ×cos θ ; The force arm variation ΔL is changed when the spherical hinge support position is adjusted l 0 =± kd 1 , k is a positive integer, d 1 is the thread hole column spacing; The change amount Δ of the point of action of the bending moment when the position of the bending-torsion loading beam is adjusted x 0 , the new torsion T 2 = F × ( l 0 + Δ l 0 ), the new bending M 1 = F × x 1 , x 1 = ( x 0 + Δ x 0 ).

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