Process for preparing hermetia illucens pulp by enzymolysis method
By employing processes of washing, scalding, crushing, enzymatic hydrolysis, and low-temperature concentration, combined with compound enzyme preparations and antioxidants, the problems of nutrient release and easy spoilage and oxidation during the processing of black soldier fly larvae have been solved, achieving efficient enzymatic hydrolysis and product stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511117330.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing black soldier fly processing techniques suffer from several problems, including difficulty in releasing nutrients from the insect body, low efficiency in protein and oil digestion, susceptibility to spoilage and oxidation, insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis, and a tendency for the product to turn black.
The process involves washing, scalding, crushing, enzymatic hydrolysis, and low-temperature concentration, combined with compound enzyme preparations and antioxidants. The process includes washing to remove impurities, scalding to kill microorganisms, crushing to release nutrients, enzymatic hydrolysis to deeply decompose proteins, and low-temperature concentration to prevent oxidation.
It achieves efficient release of nutrients from black soldier fly larvae, increases the depth of enzymatic hydrolysis, prevents spoilage and oxidation, and ensures stable product color and extended shelf life.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of insect product processing, and in particular to a process for preparing black soldier fly pulp by enzymatic hydrolysis. BACKGROUND
[0002] Black soldier fly larvae can efficiently convert various types of organic matter into high-quality animal protein and animal fat, and have officially entered the 2025 new edition of "Feedstuff Directory". In recent years, the industrial scale of black soldier fly has rapidly expanded, but the processing of black soldier fly is still in its initial stage, and the process is mainly to simply make frozen plates or to dry them as dried insects.
[0003] The existing black soldier fly processing process has some problems: 1. The main nutrients of the insect body are wrapped in the insect skin and cannot be well released, and the digestion efficiency of protein and fat is reduced; repeated freezing and thawing during the preparation of frozen plates can easily cause spoilage and odor; 2. High temperature during drying causes protein denaturation, functional protein peptides lose their effects, and fat oxidation produces harmful substances such as malondialdehyde.
[0004] The enzymatic hydrolysis process can decompose black soldier fly protein into oligopeptides, polypeptides, and various free amino acids, and various nutrients are easily absorbed and utilized by animals, with high absorption rate. However, black soldier fly larvae contain a large number of microorganisms, which are prone to spoilage, discoloration, and oxidation of fat after crushing; the high fat content of black soldier fly larvae affects the enzymatic hydrolysis effect of protein. Therefore, the problems of spoilage, discoloration, and oxidation of fat during enzymatic hydrolysis; insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis of black soldier fly larvae; and difficulty in storage after enzymatic hydrolysis. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is a process for preparing black soldier fly pulp by enzymatic hydrolysis, which solves the following problems: 1. The imperfections of the black soldier fly larvae enzymatic hydrolysis process are solved; 2. The problems of black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysis pulp discoloration, spoilage, and oxidation are solved.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solutions designed by the present application are as follows: The present application provides a process for preparing black soldier fly pulp by enzymatic hydrolysis, comprising the following steps: 1) washing: washing the black soldier fly larvae with water (to remove the intestinal contents and various impurities of the black soldier fly larvae); 2) boiling: boiling the washed black soldier fly larvae with hot water (to kill the black soldier fly larvae and the microorganisms and enzymes carried by the black soldier fly larvae); 3) crushing: crushing the boiled black soldier fly larvae into pulp to obtain a raw pulp liquid; 4) Enzymolysis: a complex enzyme preparation is added to the above-mentioned original slurry solution for enzymolysis, and inactivation (so that the complex enzyme preparation is inactivated); a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution is obtained; wherein the complex enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease or a combination of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease; the addition amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 1-3% of the mass of the original slurry solution; 5) Separation and residue removal: residual materials are filtered out through a screen and a centrifuge; a filtrate is obtained 6) Low-temperature concentration: after adding an antioxidant to the filtrate, concentration is performed through a vacuum low-temperature concentration method; a black soldier fly slurry is obtained; wherein the antioxidant is a combination of vitamin C sodium and vitamin E; the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the filtrate.
[0007] Further, in the step 2), the hot water temperature is 90-100°C, and the blanching time is 8-10 min.
[0008] Further, in the step 3), water is needed during crushing, and the amount of water used is 1-2 times the weight of the black soldier fly larvae.
[0009] Further, in the step 4), when the complex enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of neutral protease to alkaline protease is 1:1-3.
[0010] Further, in the step 4), when the complex enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of neutral protease to alkaline protease is 1:1; and the addition amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 1% of the mass of the original slurry solution.
[0011] Further, in the step 4), when the complex enzyme preparation is a combination of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease is 1:1:2-4:4-6.
[0012] Further, in the complex enzyme preparation, the mass ratio of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease is 1:1:3:5; and the addition amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 1% of the mass of the original slurry solution.
[0013] Further, in the step 4), the enzymolysis temperature is set to 45-50°C, and the enzymolysis time is 2.5-4 h; The enzyme inactivation temperature is 80°C, and the enzyme inactivation time is 30 min.
[0014] Further, in the step 5), the mesh size of the screen is ≥60 mesh.
[0015] Further, in the step 6), the mass ratio of sodium ascorbate and vitamin E in the antioxidant is 1:1; the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.2% of the weight of the filtrate; The vacuum low-temperature concentration condition is: The vacuum degree is 0.08 Mpa, and the temperature is 50-60 DEG C. The water content in the black soldier fly pulp is 60%.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The production process of the present application adopts the cleaning and blanching step, which can fully remove the stains and impurities on the black soldier fly larvae and kill the microorganisms carried by the black soldier fly larvae, thereby effectively preventing the problems of easy corruption, deterioration and blackening in the subsequent process.
[0017] 2. The production process of the present application adopts multi-stage deep crushing, which can fully crush the black soldier fly larvae cells, thereby releasing the nutrients inside the cells for facilitating deep enzymatic hydrolysis.
[0018] 3. The production process of the present application adopts combined enzymatic hydrolysis of composite enzyme preparation, alkaline protease, neutral protease, trypsin and chitinase, which can ensure the depth of enzymatic hydrolysis under high-fat conditions, and the acid-soluble protein / total protein can reach more than 80%.
[0019] 4. The production process of the present application adopts the vacuum low-temperature concentration process, which can effectively prevent the oxidation of oil components under high temperature.
[0020] 5. The production process of the present application is finally concentrated to 60% or less, which can improve the storage time of the product. In addition, the addition of antioxidant sodium ascorbate and vitamin E in the process can also effectively prevent the oxidation problem during storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific examples, so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.
[0022] Example 1 A process for preparing black soldier fly pulp 1 by enzymatic hydrolysis, comprising the following steps: 1) washing: after the black soldier fly larvae are screened from the feeding substrate, the black soldier fly larvae are washed with clean water in a black soldier fly washing special machine to remove the intestinal contents and various impurities of the black soldier fly larvae; 2) blanching: the washed black soldier fly larvae are boiled in hot water with a temperature of 90-100 DEG C for 8-10 min to kill the microorganisms carried by the black soldier fly larvae and inactivate various enzymes carried by the black soldier fly larvae; 3) crushing: the blanched black soldier fly larvae are transported to a crusher for preliminary crushing, and further 1 times the mass of the black soldier fly larvae is added to the water, which is transported to a high-number cutting pulverizer and a colloid mill for fine grinding into black soldier fly raw pulp liquid; 4) Enzymatic hydrolysis: Add a compound enzyme preparation to the above-mentioned original slurry and perform enzymatic hydrolysis at 45-50℃ for 2.5-3 hours, followed by inactivation at 80℃ for 30 minutes; to obtain black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate; wherein, the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease, and the mass ratio of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease is 1:1:3:5; the amount of compound enzyme preparation added is 1% of the mass of the original slurry; 5) Separation and slag removal: Filter the residue through a vibrating screen with a mesh size ≥ 60 and a centrifuge to obtain the filtrate. 6) Low-temperature concentration: After adding an antioxidant to the filtrate, the solution is concentrated by vacuum low-temperature concentration at a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa and a temperature of 55°C to obtain black soldier fly larvae slurry 1 with a water content of 60%; The antioxidant is a combination of sodium vitamin C and vitamin E with a mass ratio of sodium vitamin C to vitamin E of 1:1; the amount of antioxidant added is 0.2% of the weight of the filtrate.
[0023] Example 2 The process for preparing black soldier fly larvae pulp 1 by enzymatic hydrolysis in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that: In step 4), the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture of alkaline protease and neutral protease with a mass ratio of 1:1; the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is set to 45-50℃ and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3-4h.
[0024] Performance testing of black soldier fly larvae prepared in Examples 1-2 above. The performance testing steps for black soldier fly larvae pulp 1-2 are as follows: 1. Color: After shaking the sample well, pour it into a white sample dish and compare it with the color chart to determine the color index of the sample.
[0025] 2. Enzymatic hydrolysis degree test: The ratio of acid-soluble protein to total protein after enzymatic hydrolysis is used as the detection index. The higher the proportion of acid-soluble protein to total protein, the higher the degree of hydrolysis. The determination of acid-soluble protein should refer to "NY / T 3801-2020 Determination of Acid-Soluble Protein in Feed Ingredients". 3. Freshness Test: Freshness is measured using volatile basic nitrogen (VB). VB is an alkaline nitrogenous substance produced in animal-based foods during spoilage due to the decomposition of proteins by enzymes and bacteria, resulting in ammonia and amines. A lower VB value indicates a fresher sample. The determination of VB refers to GB / T 32141-2015 "Determination of Volatile Basic Nitrogen in Feed". 4. Lipid Oxidation Test: Malondialdehyde (MDA) content is used as the detection indicator for lipid oxidation. MDA is one of the final products of lipid oxidation. The level of lipid oxidation can be reflected by detecting the MDA content; the higher the MDA content, the higher the degree of lipid oxidation. The determination of MDA should refer to GB / T 28717-2012, "Determination of Malondialdehyde in Feed - High Performance Liquid Chromatography". Table 1. Performance test results of black soldier fly larvae slurry 1-2 Combining Examples 1 and 2 with Table 1, it can be seen that the black soldier fly slurry 1-2 produced by the production process has an acid-soluble protein content of ≥85% after hydrolysis, a yellowish-brown or yellowish-brown color, and low volatile basic nitrogen and malondialdehyde content. This indicates that the black soldier fly slurry produced by the production process of the present invention has a high degree of hydrolysis, high freshness, and prevents the blackening of black soldier flies and excessive oxidation of oil components.
[0026] All other parts not described in detail are existing technologies. Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A process for preparing black soldier fly larvae plasma via enzymatic hydrolysis, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) Wash the black soldier fly larvae with clean water; 2) Scald the cleaned black soldier fly larvae with hot water; 3) Crush the boiled black soldier fly larvae into a paste to obtain the original pulp; 4) Enzymatic hydrolysis: Add a compound enzyme preparation to the above-mentioned original slurry for enzymatic hydrolysis and inactivation; to obtain black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate; wherein, the compound enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease or a combination of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease; the amount of compound enzyme preparation added is 1-3% of the mass of the original slurry; 5) Filter out the residue using a sieve and centrifuge; obtain the filtrate. 6) After adding antioxidants to the filtrate, the solution is concentrated by vacuum low-temperature concentration to obtain black soldier fly larvae slurry; wherein the antioxidants are a combination of sodium vitamin C and vitamin E; the amount of antioxidants added is 0.1~0.3% of the weight of the filtrate.
2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the hot water temperature is 90~100℃ and the boiling time is 8-10 minutes.
3. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), water is needed for crushing, and the amount of water is 1 to 2 times the weight of the black soldier fly larvae.
4. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), when the compound enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of neutral protease to alkaline protease is 1:1~3.
5. The process according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: In step 4), when the compound enzyme preparation is a combination of neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of neutral protease to alkaline protease is 1:1; and the amount of compound enzyme preparation added is 1% of the mass of the original slurry.
6. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), when the compound enzyme preparation is a combination of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease, the mass ratio of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease is 1:1:2~4:4~6.
7. The process according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: In the compound enzyme preparation, the mass ratio of chitinase, trypsin, neutral protease and alkaline protease is 1:1:3:5; and the amount of compound enzyme preparation added is 1% of the mass of the original slurry.
8. The process according to claim 1, 4, or 6, characterized in that: In step 4), the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is set to 45-50℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2.5-4h. The enzyme inactivation temperature was 80℃, and the inactivation time was 30 minutes.
9. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5), the mesh size of the sieve is ≥60 mesh.
10. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6), the antioxidant contains sodium vitamin C and vitamin E in a 1:1 mass ratio; the amount of antioxidant added is 0.2% of the filtrate weight. The vacuum cryogenic concentration conditions are as follows: The vacuum level is 0.08 MPa, and the temperature is 50~60℃; The water content of black soldier fly larvae slurry is 60%.