Inner hole turning tool, inner hole arc groove forming method and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an inner hole turning tool, an inner hole arc groove forming method and device and a storage medium. The inner hole turning tool comprises a tool body and a cutting part arranged at one end of the tool body; the cutting part is provided with a group of symmetric surfaces, and the axis of the cutter body is located on the symmetric surfaces; the cutting part is provided with a front tool face, a first rear tool face and a second rear tool face, and the intersection point of the front tool face, the first rear tool face and the second rear tool face is a tool nose of the cutting part; the intersecting line of the first rear tool face and the front tool face is a first main cutting edge of the cutting part, the intersecting line of the second rear tool face and the front tool face is a second main cutting edge of the cutting part, and the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetric plane; according to the inner hole turning tool, the first main cutting edge or the second main cutting edge can be correspondingly selected for turning according to different feeding directions of the inner hole turning tool, interference between the inner hole turning tool and the arc groove can be avoided, tool marks on the wall face of the arc groove can be avoided, and the machining precision and the forming quality of the arc groove can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning, and more specifically, to an internal turning tool, a method and apparatus for forming internal circular arc grooves, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the internal turning tools used in the industry are typically designed with a large principal cutting edge angle (close to 90°) and a small secondary cutting edge angle. The purpose of this is to reduce the radial cutting force of the main cutting edge and decrease tool shank bending and vibration by using a larger principal cutting edge angle. At the same time, a smaller secondary cutting edge angle helps to improve tool tip strength, improve heat dissipation, and slightly improve the surface finish of the workpiece. However, when using the above-mentioned internal turning tools to machine the arc groove on the inner wall of the workpiece, the small secondary cutting edge angle makes it easy for the secondary cutting edge to interfere with the arc surface of the arc groove. This problem is particularly prominent when the depth of the arc groove is large.

[0003] Specifically, as shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown, when using an existing internal turning tool to machine an arc groove in an internal hole, during the process of machining from the right end to the left end of the arc groove to the maximum depth of the arc groove, the secondary cutting edge of the internal turning tool is prone to interference with the arc surface of the arc groove. This causes the secondary cutting edge to participate in the cutting process, resulting in problems such as out-of-tolerance shape and size of the arc groove in the workpiece and a large machining allowance for the arc groove in the internal hole. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an internal hole turning tool, an internal hole circular arc groove forming method, apparatus and storage medium.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an internal turning tool, comprising a tool body and a cutting portion disposed at one end of the tool body; The cutting section has a set of symmetry planes, wherein the axis of the tool body is located on the symmetry planes; The cutting part has a rake face, a first flank face, and a second flank face, wherein the intersection of the rake face, the first flank face, and the second flank face is the tip of the cutting part; the line of intersection of the first flank face and the rake face is the first main cutting edge of the cutting part, and the line of intersection of the second flank face and the rake face is the second main cutting edge of the cutting part, and the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge are symmetrically arranged about the symmetrical face.

[0006] The inner hole turning tool of the present application, the machining surfaces of the cutting part are symmetrically arranged, the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge are symmetrically arranged as two groups of cutting edge structures, the existing inner hole turning tool vice cutting position is replaced by a group of main cutting edges, and during machining, the first main cutting edge or the second main cutting edge can be selected according to the feeding direction of the inner hole turning tool.

[0007] Meanwhile, the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge are symmetrically designed, the cutting part is in the shape of a sharp knife, the rake angles of the two groups of cutting edges are increased, and when any one group of cutting edges works, the other group of cutting edges will not interfere with the machining surface of the circular arc groove, so that the machining precision and quality of the circular arc groove are improved.

[0008] Further, the first relief surface and the second relief surface are symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane, and the rake surface of the cutting part is symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane, so that the whole cutting part is symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane.

[0009] In the second aspect, the present application provides an inner hole circular arc groove forming method, which adopts the above-mentioned inner hole turning tool, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, dividing the to-be-formed circular arc groove into two equal groups of to-be-machined parts by a group of planes perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece; S2, taking a point on the plane as a starting point, taking the first main cutting edge as a cutting edge for performing turning action, longitudinally feeding along the extension direction of the workpiece axis on the same side of the first main cutting edge, and combining with transverse feeding to turn the first group of to-be-machined parts; S3, taking the second main cutting edge as a cutting edge for performing turning action, and using the same starting point as step S2, longitudinally feeding along the extension direction of the workpiece axis on the same side of the second main cutting edge, and combining with transverse feeding to turn the second group of to-be-machined parts.

[0010] During the whole turning process of the inner hole circular arc groove, the circular arc groove is divided into two equal groups of to-be-machined parts by a plane, and the turning starting point is on the plane, so that during the cyclic machining process of the inner hole turning tool, only one of the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge participates in the cutting action, and the other one will not always contact the surface of the current to-be-machined part, further avoiding the interference problem affecting the forming quality of the circular arc groove; Meanwhile, the machining starting points of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are both on the plane, so that the joint of the two groups of machined parts will not produce tool marks, further improving the forming quality of the circular arc groove.

[0011] Further, the step S2 and the step S3 are each cycled several times to realize rough turning and finish turning of the circular arc groove.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps S2 and S3, the rotational speed of the workpiece during rough turning is less than the rotational speed of the workpiece during finish turning.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a preliminary step preceding step S1: A straight groove is machined on the workpiece surface at the location of the arc groove to be formed, leaving a rough machining allowance for the arc groove. The straight groove can be machined using an existing straight groove turning tool, and then the aforementioned machining allowance is machined using the internal hole turning tool of this invention, thereby improving the forming efficiency of the arc groove.

[0014] Furthermore, in the preceding step, the plane divides the straight groove into two equal parts so that the machining amount of the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge is the same.

[0015] Furthermore, water-based cutting fluid is used during rough turning, while oil-based cutting fluid is used during finish turning.

[0016] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an internal circular arc groove turning device, including a machine tool, wherein the machine tool is provided with the aforementioned internal turning tool.

[0017] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the aforementioned method for forming an inner hole arc groove. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first method for machining an internal circular groove using an existing internal turning tool; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second method for machining an internal circular groove using an existing internal turning tool; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal turning tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the method for forming an inner arc groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; Wherein: 10-tool body, 11-cutting part, 110-first flank face, 1100-first main cutting edge, 111-second flank face, 1110-second main cutting edge, 112-rake face, 113-tool tip, a-plane of symmetry, b-interference region, c-tool mark, e-plane, 2-workpiece, 20-inner hole, 21-circular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1When using an existing internal turning tool to machine a circular arc groove from right to left, the secondary cutting edge on the right side of the tool will form an interference region b with the inner wall of the workpiece, affecting the forming quality of the circular arc groove.

[0021] Reference Figure 2 To address the interference problem between the secondary cutting edge of existing internal turning tools and the inner wall of the workpiece, the inventors of this application have conceived of using two existing internal turning tools to machine an arc groove. The arc groove to be machined is divided into two uniformly machined portions by a set of planes perpendicular to the workpiece axis. The left internal turning tool cuts to the left from the aforementioned plane, while the right internal turning tool cuts to the right from the same plane. During this process, both sets of internal turning tools contact the inner wall of the workpiece through their main cutting edges, while the secondary cutting edges do not participate in the cutting action. This machining method effectively solves the aforementioned interference problem.

[0022] However, refer to Figure 2 When machining the above-mentioned arc groove using two existing internal turning tools, due to the influence of machine tool accuracy and tool changing geometry parameters, tool marks c will be formed on the inner wall of the arc groove where the plane is located, affecting the forming quality of the arc groove.

[0023] To address the problems associated with the two processing methods mentioned above, this invention provides an internal hole turning tool, an internal hole circular arc groove forming method, apparatus, and storage medium.

[0024] Example 1: Reference Figure 3 This embodiment provides an internal turning tool, including a tool body 10 and a cutting portion 11 disposed at one end of the tool body 10.

[0025] The cutting part 11 has a set of symmetry planes a, and the axis of the cutter body 10 is located on the symmetry planes a.

[0026] The cutting part 11 has a rake face 112, a first flank face 110, and a second flank face 111, wherein the first flank face 110 and the second flank face 111 are located on both sides of the rake face 112, and the intersection of the three faces of the rake face 112, the first flank face 110, and the second flank face is the cutting tip 113 of the cutting part 11.

[0027] The intersection of the first flank face 110 and the rake face 112 is the first main cutting edge 1100 of the cutting part 11, and the intersection of the second flank face 111 and the rake face 112 is the second main cutting edge 1110 of the cutting part 11. The first main cutting edge 1100 and the second main cutting edge 1110 are symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane a.

[0028] That is, the internal turning tool in this embodiment has two sets of main cutting edges, and the principal cutting edge angles of the two sets of main cutting edges are the same when machining the arc groove 21 of the workpiece 2. The internal turning tool in this embodiment is according to Figure 1When forming the arc groove 21 using the machining method shown, if one of the first main cutting edge 1100 and the second main cutting edge 1110 is selected as the cutting edge for turning the workpiece 2, the other set of main cutting edges can avoid interference between the cutting edge and the workpiece to a certain extent because the deflection angle of the other set of main cutting edges is increased compared to the secondary cutting edge of the existing internal turning tool.

[0029] The internal turning tool provided in this embodiment is made of high-speed steel.

[0030] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first flank face 110 and the second flank face 111 can be symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane a, and the rake face 112 of the cutting part 11 itself can also be symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane a, thereby making the entire cutting part 11 symmetrically arranged about the symmetry plane a, which facilitates the design and machining of the internal turning tool.

[0031] Example 2: Reference Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for forming an inner arc groove. This forming method is implemented using the inner hole turning tool in Embodiment 1. Specifically, the method for forming an inner arc groove includes the following steps: S1. Divide the circular arc groove 21 to be formed into two equal groups of parts to be processed by a set of planes e perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 2; for example, the first group of parts to be processed is located at Figure 4 The second set of parts to be processed is located to the left of plane e shown. Figure 4 To the right of plane e shown; S2. Starting from a point on plane e (at this time, the symmetry plane a of the internal turning tool overlaps with plane e), using the first main cutting edge 1100 as the cutting edge for performing the turning action, and using the extension direction of the workpiece 2 axis on the same side as the first main cutting edge 1100 as the longitudinal feed direction, combined with the transverse feed, the first set of parts to be machined is turned out; for example, refer to Figure 4 The first main cutting edge 1100 is located on the left side of the internal turning tool. At this time, the longitudinal direction of the first main cutting edge 1100 is the left axial direction of the workpiece 2.

[0032] S3. Using the second main cutting edge 1110 as the cutting edge for the turning action, and taking the same starting point as plane e in step S2, the longitudinal feed direction is the extension direction of the workpiece axis on the same side as the second main cutting edge 1110, combined with the transverse feed, to turn out the second set of parts to be machined; for example, refer to Figure 4 The second main cutting edge 1110 is located on the right side of the internal turning tool. At this time, the longitudinal feed direction of the second main cutting edge 1110 is the right axial direction of the workpiece 2.

[0033] During the turning process of the circular arc groove 21, the workpiece 2 rotates and the internal cutting tool performs a combined feed. Similar to the existing technical definition, the aforementioned transverse feed refers to the radial feed along the workpiece 2; the so-called combined feed means that the transverse feed and the longitudinal feed are performed simultaneously in order to process the curved surface shape of the arc groove 21.

[0034] In the prior art, even if some of the pointed tool structures can be used to machine the arc groove 21 of the inner hole 20, when machining the aforementioned arc groove 21 by moving the tool from one end of the workpiece 2 to the other, when the curvature and arc depth of the arc groove 21 are large, there is still a problem of interference between the secondary cutting edge and the arc groove 21; see reference. Figure 4 In the inner hole arc groove forming method of this embodiment, whether forming the first group of parts to be processed or forming the second group of parts to be processed, only one of the first main cutting edge 1100 and the second main cutting edge 1110 participates in the cutting action during the forming process of each group of parts, while the other never contacts the surface of the current part to be processed, thus avoiding interference.

[0035] Compared to using two existing internal turning tools to machine the inner arc groove, this embodiment uses only one internal turning tool for machining. This avoids the interference between the internal turning tool and the workpiece, which affects the forming quality of the arc groove. It also avoids the problem of tool marks caused by the influence of geometric parameters and machine tool control accuracy after tool change, further improving the forming quality of the arc groove.

[0036] It is easy to understand that steps S2 and S3 are repeated several times to achieve rough turning and finish turning of the arc groove. Water-based cutting fluid is used during rough turning, and oil-based cutting fluid is used during finish turning. The rotational speed of workpiece 2 during rough turning is lower than that during finish turning.

[0037] In some embodiments, in order to improve the forming efficiency of the arc groove 21, the method for forming the arc groove of the inner hole may also include a pre-step provided before step S1: turning a straight groove at the position of the arc groove to be formed on the surface of the workpiece 2, leaving a rough machining allowance, and the straight groove can be processed by using an existing straight groove turning tool.

[0038] After the straight groove is formed, the circular arc groove 21 is formed by the aforementioned steps 1 to S3.

[0039] Correspondingly, in the pre-processing step, the straight groove can also be divided into two equal parts by plane e, so that in the subsequent forming process, the machining amount of the first main cutting edge 1100 and the second main cutting edge 1110 is the same, and the wear amount of the first main cutting edge 1100 and the second main cutting edge 1110 tends to be consistent.

[0040] In addition, when the workpiece 2 is made of solid material, the aforementioned inner hole 20 needs to be machined by drilling or boring, and then a straight groove is avoided in the inner hole 20. Then, the machining of the arc groove 21 is completed through steps S1 to S3.

[0041] Furthermore, it is easy to understand that the internal turning tool in the above embodiment one can also complete the machining of parabolic, hyperbolic and other curved contours on the wall surface of the internal hole 20 when using the machining method in embodiment two.

[0042] Example 3: This embodiment also provides an internal circular arc groove turning device, including a machine tool, on which an internal turning tool as described in Embodiment 1 is provided.

[0043] The preferred machine tool is a CNC lathe.

[0044] Example 4: In addition, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the inner hole arc groove forming method in Embodiment 2.

[0045] For example, the aforementioned computer program can be a program edited using instructions such as G71 and G73 employed by a CNC lathe, which can be processed and executed by the processor in the CNC controller of the CNC machine tool.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal turning tool, comprising a tool body and a cutting portion disposed at one end of the tool body, characterized in that: The cutting section has a set of symmetry planes, wherein the axis of the tool body is located on the symmetry planes; The cutting part has a rake face, a first flank face, and a second flank face, wherein the intersection of the rake face, the first flank face, and the second flank face is the tip of the cutting part; the line of intersection of the first flank face and the rake face is the first main cutting edge of the cutting part, and the line of intersection of the second flank face and the rake face is the second main cutting edge of the cutting part, and the first main cutting edge and the second main cutting edge are symmetrically arranged about the symmetrical face.

2. The internal turning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flank face and the second flank face are symmetrically arranged about the symmetrical plane, and the rake face of the cutting part is symmetrically arranged about the symmetrical plane.

3. A method for forming an inner arc groove, characterized in that, Using the internal turning tool according to claim 1 or 2, the method includes the following steps: S1. Divide the arc groove to be formed into two equal groups of parts to be processed using a set of planes perpendicular to the workpiece axis; S2. Starting from a point on the plane, using the first main cutting edge as the cutting edge for performing the turning action, feed longitudinally along the workpiece axis on the same side as the first main cutting edge, and combine with transverse feed to turn out the first group of the parts to be processed. S3. Using the second main cutting edge as the cutting edge for performing the turning action, and starting from the same point as in step S2, feed longitudinally along the workpiece axis on the same side as the second main cutting edge, and combine with transverse feed to turn out the second group of the parts to be processed.

4. The method for forming an inner arc groove according to claim 3, characterized in that, Steps S2 and S3 are each repeated several times to achieve rough turning and finish turning of the circular arc groove.

5. The method for forming an inner arc groove according to claim 4, characterized in that, In steps S2 and S3, the workpiece rotates at a lower speed during roughing than during finishing.

6. The method for forming an inner circular arc groove according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes the preceding steps set before step S1: A straight groove is machined on the workpiece surface at the location of the arc groove to be formed, leaving a rough machining allowance.

7. The method for forming an inner arc groove according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the preceding step, the plane divides the straight groove into two equal parts.

8. The method for forming an inner circular arc groove according to claim 4, characterized in that, Use water-based cutting fluid for rough turning and oil-based cutting fluid for finish turning.

9. A device for turning internal circular arc grooves, characterized in that, The invention includes a machine tool, wherein the machine tool is provided with an internal turning tool as described in claim 1 or 2.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method for forming an inner circular arc groove according to any one of claims 3 to 8.

Images