Bucket adjusting mechanism of small excavator and adjusting method of bucket adjusting mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator bucket adjusting mechanism of a small excavator and an adjusting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of excavating machinery, the excavator bucket adjusting mechanism comprises a main body assembly, the main body assembly is composed of an excavating plate and a connecting plate, connecting strips of arc-shaped structures are fixedly installed on the two sides of the excavating plate, and side plate assemblies are fixedly installed on the two sides of the excavating plate through the connecting strips; a bucket tooth assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the excavating plate, a reverse tooth assembly is connected between the connecting plates and comprises a reverse tooth plate and an electric telescopic rod, different side plate assemblies are adopted, the excavator bucket is suitable for different excavating scene requirements, modular assembly is achieved, the excavator bucket does not need to be integrally replaced according to different excavating requirements, and the bucket tooth assembly is assembled in a forward mode or a reverse mode. The excavator is simple in structure and convenient to adjust, is suitable for different working environments, enhances the applicability to different excavation media, is convenient to adjust, adopts the bucket tooth assembly, achieves the effect of crushing objects through repeated impact of excavation teeth when being used for some hard excavation media, and is high in applicability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to a bucket adjusting mechanism of a small excavator and an adjusting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Small excavators, also known as small excavating machines, are a kind of excavating machines with small tonnage, which are widely used in various small and medium-sized earthwork projects. Small excavating machines play an important role in urban areas and various small and medium-sized earthwork projects due to their compact structure, small size, strong flexibility and wide adaptability. With the acceleration of urbanization process and the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, the market demand for small excavating machines continues to grow. The bucket is the main component of excavating. When excavating, the bucket is used to transfer and excavate the excavated objects. The current bucket often has a single structure, which has poor applicability in different working environments (such as excavating square pits, excavating trapezoidal grooves, and salvaging waterweeds in river channels). In different use scenarios, the bucket needs to be replaced as a whole, which requires multiple buckets and high cost. Moreover, when excavating in some areas with hard soil, the wear of the bucket teeth is more serious, and the replacement frequency is high. In addition, when excavating some materials with strong adhesion, the material sticks to the inner wall of the bucket after entering the bucket, which requires shaking the bucket to discharge the material, which may cause damage to the bucket. Therefore, a bucket that can be adjusted is needed to adapt to different working environments and excavating requirements. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a bucket adjusting mechanism of a small excavator and an adjusting method thereof, which can adjust the overall state according to different application scenarios, has strong applicability, and meets various working environments and excavating requirements.

[0004] This invention achieves the above-mentioned objectives through the following technical solution: a bucket adjustment mechanism for a small excavator, comprising a main body assembly, which consists of a digging plate and a connecting plate. The connecting plates are symmetrically welded to the upper two sides of the digging plate. Arc-shaped connecting strips are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate, and bolt holes are provided on the connecting strips. Side plate assemblies are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate via the connecting strips. A bucket tooth assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the digging plate. A reverse tooth assembly is connected between the connecting plates. The reverse tooth assembly includes a reverse tooth plate and an electric telescopic rod. The reverse tooth plate is connected to the connecting plate, and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the digging plate. A through hole matching the reverse tooth plate is provided on the digging plate. In use, the entire assembly is first adjusted, and the side plate assemblies are replaced according to external digging requirements, so that the digging plate and the side plate assemblies form a... The shape of the bucket is adjusted according to the characteristics of the external excavating medium, allowing for either forward, reverse, or no reverse tooth assembly. When reverse-installing the reverse tooth assembly, the reverse tooth plate and the excavating plate are arranged in a V-shape and fixed to the connecting plate. When forward-installing the reverse tooth assembly, the reverse tooth plate and the excavating plate are installed in the same arc direction, allowing for a rotatable connection between the reverse tooth plate and the connecting plate. One end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the reverse tooth plate, with the lower end of the reverse tooth plate located inside the through hole. As the electric telescopic rod extends and retracts, the reverse tooth plate swings within the through hole, assisting in pushing out the excavating medium inside the excavating plate and aiding in material discharge. After adjustment, the entire assembly is connected to the external excavator via the connecting plate. During excavation, the bucket tooth assembly cuts and excavates the excavating medium, improving excavation applicability.

[0005] Preferably, both ends of the connecting plate are provided with shaft holes for connecting an external excavator, and a first square hole is provided below the shaft hole at the lower end of the connecting plate. A first pin hole is provided on one side of the first square hole on the connecting plate. Ribs are symmetrically fixedly installed on the back side of the digging plate between the connecting plates. When the assembled whole is connected to the external excavator, the boom of the external excavator is rotatably connected to the shaft hole, so that the external excavator drives the whole to perform digging operations. Through the first square hole, when the reverse tooth assembly is installed in reverse, the reverse tooth plate is fixedly connected to the first square hole. When the reverse tooth assembly is installed in the forward direction, the reverse tooth plate is rotatably connected to the first pin hole. During digging, the ribs not only facilitate the protection of the air supply pipe in the bucket tooth assembly, but also improve the mechanical strength of the digging plate.

[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the digging plate has a notch, and guide rods are fixedly installed in an array inside the notch. One end of the bucket tooth assembly is inserted into the guide rods, and a U-shaped rotating seat is fixedly installed on the upper end of the digging plate on one side of the connecting plate. The lower end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably installed on the rotating seat. Through the rotating seat, when the electric telescopic rod extends or retracts, one end of the electric telescopic rod rotates on the rotating seat to avoid jamming. Through the notch and the guide rods, the movable plate in the bucket tooth assembly can reciprocate, so that the digging teeth generate impact force and improve digging efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the side plate assembly includes a straight plate, and a first mounting strip with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the straight plate. The straight plate is fixedly connected to the connecting strip through the first mounting strip. When it is necessary to excavate a straight trench or perform conventional excavation, the straight plate is installed to the excavation plate through the first mounting strip, so that a bucket shape is formed between the straight plate and the excavation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the side plate assembly includes a bent plate, and a second mounting strip with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bent plate. The bent plate is fixedly connected to the connecting strip through the second mounting strip. When it is necessary to excavate a trapezoidal groove, the two bent plates are connected to the excavation plate, and a bucket shape is formed between the bent plates and the excavation plate, so that the excavation plate and the bent plate form a trapezoidal cross section.

[0009] Preferably, the side panel assembly includes a perforated plate, and a third mounting strip with round holes is fixedly installed on the outer side of the perforated plate. The perforated plate is fixedly connected to the connecting strip through the third mounting strip. When it is necessary to salvage or excavate an object in the water, the perforated plate is installed on the connecting strip of the excavation plate through the third mounting strip and fixed, so that the perforated plate and the excavation plate form a bucket shape. During salvage, water is discharged through the holes in the perforated plate.

[0010] Preferably, the bucket tooth assembly includes a movable plate with guide holes arranged in an array on the movable plate. The movable plate is inserted into a guide rod through the guide holes. A bucket tooth seat is fixedly mounted in an array on one side of the movable plate, and digging teeth are pinned to the bucket tooth seat. The bucket tooth assembly also includes a protective shell, which is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the digging plate. Pneumatic telescopic components are symmetrically fixedly mounted inside the protective shell. A push plate is fixedly mounted between the telescopic ends of the pneumatic telescopic components. A guide rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the push plate, and the other end of the guide rod extends to the outside of the protective shell and is fixedly connected to the movable plate. The pneumatic telescopic component has an air supply pipe fixedly installed at its air supply end. The air supply pipe extends to the outside of the protective shell and is fixedly connected to the digging plate. The other end of the air supply pipe is fixedly installed with a connector. In use, the air supply device on the external excavator is connected to the connector on the air supply pipe. When supplying and exhausting air, the pneumatic telescopic component extends and retracts, causing the push plate to push the guide rod to move, which in turn causes the movable plate to move along the guide rod, thus advancing the digging teeth. When the pneumatic telescopic component retracts, the digging teeth retract. Through the reciprocating motion of the digging teeth, the effect of impacting and breaking external objects is achieved.

[0011] Preferably, the reverse tooth plate has a second square hole that matches the first square hole. A square component is inserted into the second square hole, and both ends of the square component are threaded rods. A second pin hole that matches the first pin hole is opened on one side of the second square hole on the reverse tooth plate. A pin is inserted into the second pin hole, and a fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the reverse tooth plate. The fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod. When the reverse tooth plate is installed in reverse, the square component is used instead of the pin. The first square hole and the second square hole are aligned, and the square component is inserted into the first square hole and the second square hole to fix the reverse tooth plate to the connecting plate. When the reverse tooth plate is installed in the forward direction, the pin is used instead of the square component. The pin is inserted into the first pin hole and the second pin hole, so that the reverse tooth plate and the connecting plate are rotatably connected. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft. When the electric telescopic rod extends and retracts, the reverse tooth plate rotates along the pin, which facilitates the lower end of the reverse tooth plate to extend through the through hole into the interior of the excavating plate, assisting in pushing out objects inside the excavating plate.

[0012] Preferably, a swivel is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic pole. The inner diameter of the swivel, the outer diameter of the fixed shaft, and the outer diameter of the threaded rod at one end of the square piece are the same. The swivel facilitates the rotatable connection between one end of the electric telescopic pole and the fixed shaft. When the reverse gear assembly is installed in reverse, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic pole is connected to one end of the square piece through the swivel, thus preventing the electric telescopic pole from moving.

[0013] A method for adjusting the bucket adjustment mechanism of a small excavator, comprising the following steps during adjustment:

[0014] Step 1: Install different side panel components according to usage requirements, and the installation scenario is shown below.

[0015] S1. When excavating a straight trench, two straight plates are installed on the connecting strip through the first mounting strip, and external bolts are inserted into the bolt holes and the round holes on the first mounting strip to tighten and fix them. The overall front is a square structure.

[0016] S2. When excavating the trapezoidal groove, the two bent plates are installed on the connecting strip through the second mounting strip and fixed with external bolts, so that the overall front side forms a trapezoidal structure.

[0017] S3. When sieving or excavating solids in water, the two perforated plates are installed on the connecting strip via the third mounting strip and fixed with external bolts, with the sides in a perforated state.

[0018] S4. In S1 and S2, select whether to install the reverse gear assembly according to the requirements, and adjust the orientation of the reverse gear assembly. In S3, do not install the reverse gear assembly.

[0019] Step 2: Install the reverse gear assembly, and select forward or reverse installation as needed. When excavating objects with strong adhesion, install the reverse gear assembly forward; when loosening the excavated material, install the reverse gear assembly backward. The method for forward installation is as follows:

[0020] Insert the pin into the first and second pin holes, use an external nut to limit the two ends of the pin, rotate the reverse tooth plate onto the connecting plate via the pin, and fit the swivel onto the fixed shaft. The reverse tooth plate is located inside the through hole.

[0021] When performing reverse assembly, the method is as follows:

[0022] Insert the square piece into the inside of the first square hole and the second square hole, so that the reverse tooth plate is fixed to the connecting plate through the square piece, and put the swivel on the threaded rod at one end of the square piece, and use an external nut to tighten both ends of the square piece.

[0023] Step 3: Assemble the bucket tooth assembly. Connect the digging tooth pin to the bucket tooth seat on one side of the movable plate, and connect the connector at one end of the air supply pipe to the air supply device on the external excavator. Insert the movable plate into the guide rod inside the notch through the guide hole.

[0024] Step 4: Connect the assembled unit to the external excavator through the shaft holes on the connecting plate to complete the adjustment and assembly.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by using different side plate components, after adjustment, it is suitable for different digging scenarios, with strong applicability; modular assembly, for different digging needs, there is no need to replace the entire bucket, only the side plate components need to be replaced and adjusted, reducing costs; and by using forward or reverse tooth components, it is suitable for different working environments, enhancing the applicability to different digging media and facilitating adjustment; and by using the bucket tooth components, when using some harder digging media, the repeated impact of the digging teeth achieves the effect of crushing objects, with strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when installing the straight plate and the reverse-mounted reverse-tooth assembly;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when installing the straight plate and the forward-mounted reverse-tooth assembly;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when the bending plate and the positive-mounted reverse-tooth assembly are installed;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when installing the bending plate and the reverse-mounted tooth assembly;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the perforated plate and the non-reverse tooth assembly are installed;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main components in this invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the main component in this invention from another angle;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the straight plate structure in this invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bent plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated plate in this invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bucket tooth assembly in this invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reverse tooth plate in this invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main component structure when the reverse tooth assembly is installed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of location A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the main component structure when the reverse gear assembly of the present invention is mounted in the forward direction;

[0041] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 A magnified structural diagram of the area at point B.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Main body assembly; 101. Excavator plate; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Connecting strip; 104. Bolt hole; 105. Through hole; 106. Shaft hole; 107. First square hole; 108. First pin hole; 109. Rib; 1010. Notch; 1011. Guide rod; 1012. Rotating seat; 2. Side plate assembly; 211. Straight plate; 212. First mounting strip; 221. Bending plate; 222. Second mounting strip; 231. Hollow plate; 232. Third mounting strip. 3. Bucket tooth assembly; 301. Movable plate; 302. Guide hole; 303. Bucket tooth seat; 304. Digging tooth; 305. Protective shell; 306. Pneumatic telescopic component; 307. Push plate; 308. Force guide rod; 309. Air supply pipe; 3010. Connector; 4. Reverse tooth assembly; 401. Reverse tooth plate; 402. Electric telescopic rod; 403. Second square hole; 404. Square component; 405. Second pin hole; 406. Pin; 407. Fixed shaft; 408. Rotary ring. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Please see Figures 1-16As shown, a bucket adjustment mechanism and its adjustment method for a small excavator include a main component 1, which consists of a digging plate 101 and a connecting plate 102. The connecting plates 102 are symmetrically welded to the upper two sides of the digging plate 101. Arc-shaped connecting strips 103 are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate 101, and bolt holes 104 are provided on the connecting strips 103. Side plate assemblies 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate 101 through the connecting strips 103. Bucket tooth assemblies 3 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the digging plate 101. A reverse tooth assembly 4 is connected between the connecting plates 102, and the reverse tooth assembly 4 includes a reverse tooth plate 401. The electric telescopic boom 402 and the reverse tooth plate 401 are connected to the connecting plate 102. The lower end of the electric telescopic boom 402 is rotatably connected to the digging plate 101. The digging plate 101 has a through hole 105 that matches the reverse tooth plate 401. In use, the whole is first adjusted, and the side plate assembly 2 is replaced according to the external digging requirements. Different side plate assemblies 2 are used to meet different digging requirements. When installing the side plate assembly 2, the side plate assembly 2 is installed on the connecting strip 103, and the external bolt passes through the bolt hole 104 and the side plate assembly 2. By tightening the external bolt, the side plate assembly 2 is connected to the digging plate 101. The digging plate 101 and the side plate assembly 2 are fixed together, forming the shape of a bucket. Depending on the characteristics of the external digging medium, the reverse tooth assembly 4 can be installed either upright, reversed, or not at all. For example, if the external soil is hard and compacted, the reverse tooth assembly 4 is installed in reverse. If the external soil has strong adhesion, the reverse tooth assembly 4 is installed upright. When dredging aquatic plants or debris inside the water body, the reverse tooth assembly 4 is not installed. When reversing the reverse tooth assembly 4, the reverse tooth plate 401 is positioned in a V-shape with the digging plate 101 and fixed to the connecting plate 102. When the reverse tooth assembly 4 needs to be installed upright, the reverse tooth plate 401 is positioned with... The digging plate 101 is installed in the same arc direction, and the reverse tooth plate 401 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 102. One end of the electric telescopic rod 402 is rotatably connected to the reverse tooth plate 401. The lower end of the reverse tooth plate 401 is located inside the through hole 105. When the electric telescopic rod 402 extends or retracts, the reverse tooth plate 401 swings inside the through hole 105, thereby assisting in pushing out the digging medium inside the digging plate 101 and assisting in material discharge. After adjustment, the whole is connected to the external excavator through the connecting plate 102. During digging, the digging medium is cut and tunneled by the bucket tooth assembly 3, improving the digging applicability.

[0046] Both ends of the connecting plate 102 are provided with shaft holes 106 for connecting to an external excavator. Below the shaft hole 106 at the lower end of the connecting plate 102, a first square hole 107 is provided. A first pin hole 108 is provided on one side of the first square hole 107 on the connecting plate 102. Ribs 109 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the back side of the digging plate 101 between the connecting plates 102. When the assembled assembly is connected to the external excavator, the boom of the external excavator is rotatably connected to the shaft hole 106, allowing the external excavator to drive the assembly for digging operations. Through the first square hole 107, when the reverse tooth assembly 4 is installed in reverse, the reverse tooth plate 401 is fixedly connected to the first square hole 107. When the reverse tooth assembly 4 is installed in the forward direction, the reverse tooth plate 401 is rotatably connected to the first pin hole 108. Furthermore, during digging, the ribs 109 not only facilitate the protection of the air supply pipe 309 in the bucket tooth assembly 3, but also improve... To enhance the mechanical strength of the high-strength digging plate 101, a notch 1010 is provided at the lower end of the digging plate 101. Guide rods 1011 are fixedly installed in an array inside the notch 1010. One end of the bucket tooth assembly 3 is inserted into the guide rod 1011. A U-shaped rotating seat 1012 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the digging plate 101 on one side of the connecting plate 102. The lower end of the electric telescopic rod 402 is rotatably mounted on the rotating seat 1012. Through the rotating seat 1012, when the electric telescopic rod 402 extends or retracts, one end of the electric telescopic rod 402 rotates on the rotating seat 1012 to avoid jamming. Through the notch 1010 and the guide rod 1011, the movable plate 301 in the bucket tooth assembly 3 can reciprocate, causing the digging teeth 304 to generate impact force, which can crush harder digging media, improve digging efficiency, and avoid directly applying brute force, which could damage the digging teeth 304.

[0047] The side plate assembly 2 includes a straight plate 211. A first mounting strip 212 with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the straight plate 211. The straight plate 211 is fixedly connected to the connecting strip 103 through the first mounting strip 212. When it is necessary to excavate a straight trench or perform conventional excavation, the straight plate 211 is installed to the excavation plate 101 through the first mounting strip 212, so that a bucket shape is formed between the straight plate 211 and the excavation plate 101.

[0048] The bucket tooth assembly 3 includes a movable plate 301 with guide holes 302 arranged in an array on the movable plate 301. The movable plate 301 is inserted into the guide rod 1011 through the guide holes 302. A bucket tooth seat 303 is fixedly installed in an array on one side of the movable plate 301, and digging teeth 304 are pinned to the bucket tooth seat 303. The bucket tooth assembly 3 also includes a protective shell 305, which is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the digging plate 101. Pneumatic telescopic members 306 are symmetrically fixedly installed inside the protective shell 305. A push plate 307 is fixedly installed between the telescopic ends of the pneumatic telescopic members 306. A guide rod 308 is fixedly installed on one side of the push plate 307, and the other end of the guide rod 308 extends to the outside of the protective shell 305 and is fixedly connected to the movable plate 301. An air supply pipe 309 is fixedly installed at the air supply end of the pneumatic telescopic member 306, and the air supply pipe 309 extends to the outside of the protective shell 305 and is fixedly connected to the movable plate 301. The excavator plate 101 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the air supply pipe 309 is fixedly installed with a connector 3010. In use, the air supply device on the external excavator is connected to the connector 3010 on the air supply pipe 309, so that the air supply device supplies air to the pneumatic telescopic component 306. The pneumatic telescopic component 306 is a piston-type telescopic component. When the pneumatic telescopic component 306 extends, the push plate 307 pushes the guide rod 308 to move, which in turn causes the movable plate 301 to move along the guide rod 1011, causing the digging teeth 304 to advance. When the pneumatic telescopic component 306 retracts, the digging teeth 304 retracts. Through the reciprocating motion of the digging teeth 304, the effect of impacting and breaking external objects is achieved, which is convenient for breaking harder excavated materials and avoids the use of brute force, which could damage the digging teeth 304. The protective shell 305 is used to protect the pneumatic telescopic component 306 and prevent damage during the excavation process.

[0049] The reverse gear plate 401 has a second square hole 403 that matches the first square hole 107. A square component 404 is inserted into the second square hole 403, and both ends of the square component 404 are threaded rods. A second pin hole 405 that matches the first pin hole 108 is provided on one side of the second square hole 403 on the reverse gear plate 401. A pin 406 is inserted into the second pin hole 405, and a fixed shaft 407 is fixedly mounted on the reverse gear plate 401. The fixed shaft 407 and... The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rod 402 are rotatably connected. When the reverse toothed plate 401 is installed in reverse, a square piece 404 is used instead of a pin 406. The first square hole 107 and the second square hole 403 are aligned, and the square piece 404 is inserted into the inside of the first square hole 107 and the second square hole 403 to fix the reverse toothed plate 401 to the connecting plate 102 and prevent the reverse toothed plate 401 from moving. When the reverse toothed plate 401 is installed in the forward direction, a pin 406 is used instead of a square piece. 404. Insert the pin 406 into the first pin hole 108 and the second pin hole 405, so that the reverse tooth plate 401 and the connecting plate 102 are rotatably connected. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 402 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 407. When the electric telescopic rod 402 extends or retracts, the reverse tooth plate 401 rotates along the pin 406, allowing the lower end of the reverse tooth plate 401 to extend through the through hole 105 into the interior of the digging plate 101, thus facilitating the movement of materials inside the digging plate 101. The electric telescopic rod 402 is assisted in its extension. A rotating ring 408 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 402. The inner diameter of the rotating ring 408, the outer diameter of the fixed shaft 407, and the outer diameter of the threaded rod at one end of the square piece 404 are the same. The rotating ring 408 facilitates the rotatable connection between one end of the electric telescopic rod 402 and the fixed shaft 407. When the reverse gear assembly 4 is installed in reverse, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 402 is connected to one end of the square piece 404 through the rotating ring 408 to prevent the electric telescopic rod 402 from moving.

[0050] A method for adjusting the bucket adjustment mechanism of a small excavator, comprising the following steps during adjustment:

[0051] Step 1: Install different side panel components 2 according to usage requirements, and the installation scenario is as follows.

[0052] S1. When excavating a straight trench, two straight plates 211 are installed on the connecting strip 103 through the first mounting strip 212, and external bolts are inserted into the bolt holes 104 and the round holes on the first mounting strip 212 to tighten and fix them. The overall front is a square structure.

[0053] S2. When excavating the trapezoidal groove, the two bent plates 221 are installed on the connecting strip 103 through the second mounting strip 222 and fixed with external bolts, so that the overall front side forms a trapezoidal structure.

[0054] S3. When sieving or excavating solids in water, two perforated plates 231 are installed on the connecting strip 103 via the third mounting strip 232 and fixed with external bolts, with the sides being perforated.

[0055] S4. In S1 and S2, select whether to install the reverse tooth assembly 4 according to the requirements, and adjust the orientation of the reverse tooth assembly 4. In S3, do not install the reverse tooth assembly 4.

[0056] Step 2: Install the reverse tooth assembly 4, and select forward or reverse installation as needed. When excavating objects with strong adhesion, install the reverse tooth assembly 4 forward; when it is necessary to loosen the excavated material, install the reverse tooth assembly 4 backward. The method for forward installation is as follows:

[0057] The pin 406 is inserted into the first pin hole 108 and the second pin hole 405. An external nut is used to limit the two ends of the pin 406. The reverse tooth plate 401 is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 102 through the pin 406, and the swivel 408 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 407. The reverse tooth plate 401 is located inside the through hole 105.

[0058] When performing reverse assembly, the method is as follows:

[0059] The square piece 404 is inserted into the first square hole 107 and the second square hole 403, so that the reverse tooth plate 401 is fixed on the connecting plate 102 through the square piece 404, and the swivel 408 is sleeved on the threaded rod at one end of the square piece 404. The two ends of the square piece 404 are tightened with an external nut.

[0060] Step 3: Assemble the bucket tooth assembly 3. Pin the digging teeth 304 onto the bucket tooth seat 303 on one side of the movable plate 301, and connect the connector 3010 at one end of the air supply pipe 309 to the air supply device on the external excavator. The movable plate 301 is inserted into the guide rod 1011 inside the notch 1010 through the guide hole 302.

[0061] Step 4: Connect the assembled unit to the external excavator through the shaft hole 106 on the connecting plate 102 to complete the adjustment and assembly.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the side plate assembly. The side plate assembly 2 includes a bent plate 221. A second mounting strip 222 with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bent plate 221. The bent plate 221 is fixedly connected to the connecting strip 103 through the second mounting strip 222. When it is necessary to excavate a trapezoidal groove, the two bent plates 221 are connected to the excavation plate 101, and a bucket shape is formed between the bent plates 221 and the excavation plate 101, so that the excavation plate 101 and the bent plates 221 form a trapezoidal cross section, which facilitates direct excavation of the trapezoid.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the side plate assembly. The side plate assembly 2 includes a perforated plate 231. A third mounting strip 232 with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the perforated plate 231. The perforated plate 231 is fixedly connected to the connecting strip 103 through the third mounting strip 232. When it is necessary to salvage and excavate objects in the water, the perforated plate 231 is installed on the connecting strip 103 on the excavation plate 101 through the third mounting strip 232 and fixed, so that the perforated plate 231 and the excavation plate 101 form a bucket shape. During salvage, water is discharged through the holes on the perforated plate 231, which facilitates the salvage operation of solid objects inside the water.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0067] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A bucket adjustment mechanism for a small excavator, comprising a main body component (1), characterized in that: The main component (1) consists of a digging plate (101) and a connecting plate (102). The connecting plate (102) is symmetrically welded to both sides of the upper end of the digging plate (101). Arc-shaped connecting strips (103) are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate (101). Bolt holes (104) are provided on the connecting strips (103). Side plate components (2) are fixedly installed on both sides of the digging plate (101) through the connecting strips (103). The lower end of 01) is fixedly installed with a bucket tooth assembly (3), and a reverse tooth assembly (4) is connected between the connecting plates (102). The reverse tooth assembly (4) includes a reverse tooth plate (401) and an electric telescopic rod (402). The reverse tooth plate (401) is connected to the connecting plate (102), and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod (402) is rotatably connected to the digging plate (101). The digging plate (101) is provided with a through hole (105) that matches the reverse tooth plate (401).

2. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the connecting plate (102) are provided with shaft holes (106) for connecting an external excavator. A first square hole (107) is provided below the shaft hole (106) at the lower end of the connecting plate (102). A first pin hole (108) is provided on one side of the first square hole (107) on the connecting plate (102). Ribs (109) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the back side of the excavating plate (101) between the connecting plates (102).

3. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the digging plate (101) has a notch (1010), and guide rods (1011) are fixedly installed in an array inside the notch (1010). One end of the bucket tooth assembly (3) is inserted into the guide rod (1011), and a U-shaped rotating seat (1012) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the digging plate (101) on one side of the connecting plate (102). The lower end of the electric telescopic rod (402) is rotatably installed on the rotating seat (1012).

4. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panel assembly (2) includes a straight plate (211), on the outside of which a first mounting strip (212) with a round hole is fixedly installed. The straight plate (211) is fixedly connected to the connecting strip (103) through the first mounting strip (212).

5. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panel assembly (2) includes a bent plate (221), and a second mounting strip (222) with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bent plate (221). The bent plate (221) is fixedly connected to the connecting strip (103) through the second mounting strip (222).

6. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panel assembly (2) includes a perforated plate (231), and a third mounting strip (232) with a round hole is fixedly installed on the outer side of the perforated plate (231). The perforated plate (231) is fixedly connected to the connecting strip (103) through the third mounting strip (232).

7. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bucket tooth assembly (3) includes a movable plate (301), on which guide holes (302) are arranged in an array. The movable plate (301) is inserted into the guide rod (1011) through the guide holes (302). A bucket tooth seat (303) is fixedly installed in an array on one side of the movable plate (301). Digging teeth (304) are pinned to the bucket tooth seat (303). The bucket tooth assembly (3) also includes a protective shell (305), which is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the digging plate (101). Pneumatic telescopic devices are symmetrically fixedly installed inside the protective shell (305). The pneumatic telescopic component (306) has a push plate (307) fixedly installed between its telescopic ends. A guide rod (308) is fixedly installed on one side of the push plate (307), and the other end of the guide rod (308) extends to the outside of the protective shell (305) and is fixedly connected to the movable plate (301). An air supply pipe (309) is fixedly installed at the air supply end of the pneumatic telescopic component (306), and the air supply pipe (309) extends to the outside of the protective shell (305) and is fixedly connected to the digging plate (101). A connector (3010) is fixedly installed at the other end of the air supply pipe (309).

8. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reverse tooth plate (401) has a second square hole (403) that matches the first square hole (107). A square piece (404) is inserted into the second square hole (403). The two ends of the square piece (404) are threaded rod structures. A second pin hole (405) that matches the first pin hole (108) is opened on one side of the second square hole (403) on the reverse tooth plate (401). A pin (406) is inserted into the second pin hole (405). A fixed shaft (407) is fixedly installed on the reverse tooth plate (401). The fixed shaft (407) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (402).

9. The bucket adjustment mechanism of the mini excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (402) is fixedly equipped with a swivel (408), the inner diameter of the swivel (408), the outer diameter of the fixed shaft (407) and the outer diameter of the threaded rod at one end of the square piece (404) are the same.

10. A method for adjusting the bucket adjustment mechanism of a small excavator, characterized in that: The bucket adjustment mechanism of a miniature excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, when being adjusted, includes the following steps: Step 1: Install different side panel components (2) according to usage requirements, and the installation scenario is as follows: S1. When excavating a straight trench, two straight plates (211) are installed on the connecting strip (103) through the first mounting strip (212), and external bolts are inserted into the bolt holes (104) and the round holes on the first mounting strip (212) for tightening and fixing. The overall front is a square structure. S2. When excavating the trapezoidal groove, the two bent plates (221) are installed on the connecting strip (103) through the second mounting strip (222) and fixed with external bolts. The overall front is a trapezoidal structure. S3. When sieving or excavating solids in water, two perforated plates (231) are installed on the connecting strip (103) through the third mounting strip (232) and fixed with external bolts, with the sides in a perforated state; S4. In S1 and S2, select whether to install the reverse tooth assembly (4) according to the requirements and adjust the orientation of the reverse tooth assembly (4). In S3, do not install the reverse tooth assembly (4). Step 2: Install the reverse tooth assembly (4) and select forward or reverse installation according to the needs. When excavating objects with strong adhesion, install the reverse tooth assembly (4) forward. When it is necessary to loosen the excavated material, install the reverse tooth assembly (4) backward. When installing forward, the method is as follows: Insert the pin (406) into the first pin hole (108) and the second pin hole (405), use an external nut to limit the two ends of the pin (406), rotate the reverse tooth plate (401) onto the connecting plate (102) through the pin (406), and sleeve the swivel (408) onto the fixed shaft (407). The reverse tooth plate (401) is located inside the through hole (105). When performing reverse assembly, the method is as follows: Insert the square piece (404) into the inside of the first square hole (107) and the second square hole (403), so that the reverse tooth plate (401) is fixed on the connecting plate (102) through the square piece (404), and put the swivel (408) on the threaded rod at one end of the square piece (404), and use an external nut to tighten both ends of the square piece (404); Step 3: Assemble the bucket tooth assembly (3), pin the digging teeth (304) to the bucket tooth seat (303) on one side of the movable plate (301), and connect the connector (3010) at one end of the air supply pipe (309) to the air supply device on the external excavator. The movable plate (301) is inserted into the guide rod (1011) inside the notch (1010) through the guide hole (302). Step 4: Connect the assembled unit to the external excavator through the shaft hole (106) on the connecting plate (102) to complete the adjustment and assembly.

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