Method and equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet circulation, and belongs to the technical field of degraded sand field planting and ecological remediation, the equipment comprises a mounting seat, a liquid storage tank is mounted at the top of the mounting seat, the liquid storage tank is communicated with an equipment box through a pipeline, a pump body is arranged in the equipment box, and the pump body is communicated with a plurality of liquid outlets through pipelines; and the liquid outlet is communicated with a nozzle main body. According to the device, through the designed driving mechanism, an output shaft of a driving motor rotates to drive a driving gear to rotate, the driving gear rotates to drive a driven gear to rotate, the driven gear can drive a bottom equipment box to rotate through a shaft body, and a first electric push rod can drive a moving ring to move when working and extending; the movable ring moves to drive the range adjusting mechanism on the peripheral side to move, the radial spraying range of the range adjusting mechanism and the nozzle body can be controlled, the equipment can achieve accurate spraying control over dry-wet circulation according to different soil and climate conditions, and the spraying treatment effect is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of degraded sandy field planting and ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for weathering and dissolving gravel based on dry-wet cycles. BACKGROUND

[0002] Gravel mulching is an excellent protective tillage mode for farmland in the arid region of Northwest China. However, long-term mechanical plowing leads to degradation of the mulch layer, and the overconsumption of specific nutrients in the soil due to single planting, resulting in a significant decrease in soil quality in sandy fields. For degraded sandy fields, measures such as efficient use of water and fertilizer, soil conservation, and biological restoration can alleviate crop yield reduction and soil environmental deterioration in the short term, but the effect is difficult to sustain and the economic cost is high, and the trend of sandy field degradation and abandonment is difficult to reverse. Once the sandy field is abandoned, it completely loses its agricultural value, and a large amount of abandoned gravel is left on the surface, causing serious challenges to agricultural sustainability and ecological safety in the local area. In order to curb the potential agricultural and ecological environmental risks caused by the complete degradation and abandonment of sandy fields, measures such as maintaining the function of the gravel layer and replacing crops are taken. However, the high implementation cost and the insufficient adaptability of other crops in sandy fields are still bottlenecks that need to be broken through.

[0003] It is particularly critical that existing methods do not fully consider the ecological and environmental problems that may be caused by the retention of gravel, making it difficult to support the efficient and sustainable development of sandy fields. Traditional dry-wet cycle weathering and dissolving methods usually control humidity and temperature through natural climate change or mechanical means, but these methods often fail to achieve precise control and are inefficient, leaving room for improvement. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the ecological and environmental problems that may be caused by the retention of gravel, and a method and equipment for weathering and dissolving gravel based on dry-wet cycles are proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A device for weathering and dissolving gravel based on dry-wet cycles, comprising a mounting seat, a liquid storage tank mounted on the top of the mounting seat, a device box connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, a pump body in the device box, a plurality of liquid outlets connected to the pump body through a pipeline, and a nozzle main body connected to the liquid outlets. A driving mechanism is provided on the top of the device box to control the rotation of the device box and adjust the liquid spraying area of the nozzle main body. A range adjustment mechanism is connected to the outside of the device box through a distribution ring, and is in communication with the liquid outlets. The range adjustment mechanism adjusts the liquid spraying range. An angle adjustment assembly is connected to the rear side of the range adjustment mechanism and is in communication with the liquid outlets. The angle adjustment assembly adjusts the liquid spraying angle of the nozzle main body on the front side. A control assembly is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box, and the running stroke is controlled through the control assembly.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The control assembly comprises: A moving ring is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box. A first electric push rod is connected to the outside of the equipment box, and the other end of the first electric push rod is connected to the top of the moving ring through the plate body, so that the moving ring is driven to move the range adjustment mechanism through the operation of the first electric push rod. A sliding rod is connected to the top of the moving ring, and the other end of the sliding rod is externally sleeved with a sliding sleeve connected to one side of the outside of the equipment box. The sliding rod is externally sleeved with a first spring, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the moving ring and the one side of the sliding sleeve.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The drive mechanism comprises: A driven gear is rotatably connected to the top of a connecting frame arranged on the top of the equipment box, and the other end of the connecting frame extends to the top of the liquid storage tank. The bottom of the driven gear is connected to the top of the equipment box through a shaft body, and the middle part of the driven gear has a cavity in which a pipeline for connecting the pump body in the liquid storage tank and the equipment box is arranged. A drive gear is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting frame, and the drive gear is engaged with the driven gear. The top of the drive gear is provided with a drive motor, and the drive motor is connected to the top of the connecting frame through a mounting piece.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The angle adjustment assembly comprises: A plurality of accommodating seats are arranged circumferentially around the distribution ring. The distribution ring has a liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is connected in communication with the accommodating seats through corresponding liquid outlet holes. An outer sleeve and an inner locking pipe are slidably connected to the outer sleeve. One end of the outer sleeve away from the inner locking pipe is connected to the accommodating seat. A moving clamp is connected to the outside of the inner locking pipe. The top of the moving clamp is rotatably connected with a connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with a moving block. The other side of the moving block is connected to the outside of the moving ring through a rod body. The radial distance of the nozzle body is adjusted by pushing the moving clamp after the moving ring moves.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: Further comprising: A plug is slidably connected in the accommodating seat. The top of the plug is connected with a moving rod. The top end of the moving rod is sleeved with a sleeve ring on one side of the rod body outside the moving block. An overflow groove is arrayed on one side of the plug. The overflow cover is connected to the liquid outlet on one side of the liquid separation ring, the outer side of the overflow cover is attached to the insert piece, a through groove corresponding to the overflow groove is formed on one side of the overflow cover, and the communication flow between the through groove and the overflow groove is controlled by moving the insert piece; The second spring is sleeved outside the moving rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the accommodating seat and one side of the moving rod outside. The closing cover is sleeved outside the outer sleeve, and the closing cover is connected to the accommodating seat. The gap between the outer sleeve and the accommodating seat is closed by the flexible closing cover.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The range adjustment mechanism comprises: The fixed ring is connected to the end of the inner locking pipe. The steering ball is externally rotatably connected with a ball seat, the ball seat is connected to the fixed ring, and the steering ball has a liquid cavity in communication with the inner locking pipe through a flexible pipeline. The moving seat is rotatably connected to the fixed ring, one side of the moving seat is connected with a second electric push rod, the front side of the second electric push rod is rotatably connected with a push ring through a revolute pair, the push ring is connected to the outside of the nozzle body, and the rotation direction angle of the front nozzle body is adjusted by the moving seat.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: Further comprising: The fixed block is connected to one side of the moving seat, the fixed seat is threadedly connected with a limiting bolt at the top, the limiting bolt is connected with a limiting block at the bottom, and the limiting block is limitedly connected with a limiting tooth groove formed in the inner cavity of the fixed ring.

[0012] The buffer bag is connected between the ball seat and the push ring, the inner cavity of the ball seat is connected with a mounting block around the axis, one end of the buffer bag is connected with the mounting block, and the offset stress converted by the buffer bag is absorbed. The guide plate is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and the cross section of the guide plate is arc-shaped.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: A method for weathering and decomposing gravel based on dry-wet cycle, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, select a fallow sandy field; S2, completely remove the old sand layer mixed with soil, and screen the gravel into three specifications by using a screening machine; S3, re-pave the gravel on the soil surface; S4, select sunny and hot weather during the fallow period of the sandy field, monitor the temperature of the gravel layer, and determine whether the dry-wet cycle starting condition is reached; S5, calculate the water spraying amount based on the evaporation intensity and the water retention property of the gravel, and realize the dry-wet cycle through a spraying device.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The three gravel screening specifications in S2 are 5-10 mm, 10-15 mm and 15-20 mm respectively.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: The gravel in S3 is three kinds of particle size gravel after screening, and the unit weights are 1.65 g / cm 3 , 1.62 g / cm 3 , and 1.58 g / cm 3 , and the gravel back paving thickness is about 10 cm.

[0016] As described above, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present application are: 1、In the present application, the driving motor output shaft rotation can drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear rotation can drive the driven gear to rotate, the driven gear can drive the bottom equipment box to rotate through the shaft body, the first electric push rod working extension can drive the moving ring to move, the moving ring movement can drive the outer peripheral side range adjustment mechanism to move, the range adjustment mechanism and the radial spraying range of the nozzle body can be controlled, the equipment can realize precise spraying control of dry-wet cycle according to different soil and climate conditions, and the spraying treatment effect is improved.

[0017] 2、In the present application, when the nozzle body adjusts the radial range, the moving ring moves downward to synchronously drive the insert piece to move, the insert piece movement can adjust the communication gap of one side overflow groove relative to the overflow cover, so that the water inflow can be synchronously regulated when the nozzle body moves radially, and the stable water supply effect after radial spraying range adjustment is maintained.

[0018] 3、In the present application, the second electric push rod working extension drives the rotating ring to pull the steering ball to rotate in the ball bearing seat, which is conducive to adjusting the spraying angle of the front nozzle body through the rotation of the steering ball, and is conducive to realizing the spraying range and angle through the adjustment of the spraying angle, adapting to the gravel spraying dry cycle degradation of gravel with different accumulation heights, and improving the treatment effect.

[0019] 4、In the present application, the dry-wet cycle degradation method provided significantly improves the content of trace elements in the soil, among which the increase of rock-forming elements is particularly significant, which confirms that the dry-wet cycle measures during the fallow period can effectively accelerate the release of nutrients of the surface retained gravel, under the action of temperature difference and leaching, the gravel is cracked, and the mineral components are dissolved, which promotes the gravel resourceization, provides an effective way to solve the ecological environment problems caused by sand field degradation and retained gravel, and helps the sustainable development of sand field, among which, the 10-15 mm gravel nutrient resourceization effect is the best. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 2 The lateral structural schematic diagram of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 3 The split structural schematic diagram of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 4 The split structural schematic diagram of the angle adjusting assembly of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 5 The lateral structural schematic diagram of the control assembly of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 6 The overall structural schematic diagram of the range adjusting mechanism of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application; Figure 7 The lateral structural schematic diagram of the range adjusting mechanism of the equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle is proposed in the present application.

[0021] Legend: 1, mounting seat; 2, liquid storage tank; 3, connecting frame; 4, driving mechanism; 401, driven gear; 402, driving gear; 403, mounting piece; 5, equipment box; 6, control assembly; 601, moving ring; 602, sliding rod; 603, first spring; 604, sliding sleeve; 605, first electric push rod; 7, range adjusting mechanism; 701, fixed ring; 702, limit gear slot; 703, moving seat; 704, fixed block; 705, limit pin; 706, limit block; 707, second electric push rod; 708, rotating pair; 709, push ring; 710, buffer bag; 711, mounting block; 712, steering ball; 8, angle adjusting assembly; 801, containing seat; 802, closed cover; 803, outer sleeve; 804, inner locking tube; 805, moving hoop; 806, connecting rod; 807, moving block; 808, moving rod; 809, second spring; 810, insert piece; 811, overflow cover; 9, liquid distribution ring; 10, nozzle body; 11, guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Please refer toFigures 1-7 The application provides a technical scheme: an equipment for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle, which comprises a mounting seat 1, a liquid storage tank 2 is arranged on the top of the mounting seat 1, the liquid storage tank 2 is connected with an equipment box 5 through a pipeline, a pump body is arranged in the equipment box 5, the pump body is connected with a plurality of liquid outlets through a pipeline, and the liquid outlets are connected with nozzle bodies 10; The equipment further comprises a driving mechanism 4 arranged on the top of the equipment box 5, the driving mechanism 4 is used for rotating and adjusting the liquid spraying area of the nozzle bodies 10; A range adjusting mechanism 7 is connected to the outside of the equipment box 5 through a liquid distribution ring 9, the range adjusting mechanism 7 is connected with the liquid outlets, and the range adjusting mechanism 7 is used for adjusting the liquid spraying range; An angle adjusting assembly 8 is connected to the rear side of the range adjusting mechanism 7 and connected with the liquid outlets, and the angle adjusting assembly 8 is used for adjusting the liquid spraying angle of the nozzle bodies 10 on the front side; A control assembly 6 is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box 5, and the control assembly 6 is used for controlling the running stroke.

[0024] Specifically, the liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 can be pumped out by the pump body and sprayed out through the nozzle bodies 10, and the spraying range and the contact angle can be adjusted through the range adjusting mechanism 7 and the angle adjusting assembly 8, so that the gravel arrangement environment can be adapted, the weathering of the gravel retained on the surface of the sand field can be promoted through dry-wet cycle in sunny and hot weather, and the trace elements in the soil can be improved.

[0025] The liquid storage tank 2 is made of stainless steel material and is directly connected with an external mobile equipment through welding, the outer wall is adhesively connected by a vacuum heat insulation plate wrapped by epoxy resin, the vacuum heat insulation plate is used for insulating the influence of the water temperature in the liquid storage tank 2 caused by external heat sources, a pouring type liquid level meter is arranged on the liquid storage tank 2 and used for monitoring the water level, the control display instrument is arranged on the outer wall of the liquid storage tank 2 and has the same height as the water inlet and is located beside the water inlet, the transmitter is located in the liquid storage tank 2 and contacts the bottom of the liquid storage tank 2, a thermistor sensor is arranged on the bottom of the outer side of the liquid storage tank 2 and used for monitoring whether the water temperature in the Yellow River in the liquid storage tank 2 is maintained between 20℃ and 25℃, and the liquid storage tank 2 is connected with the pump body in the equipment box 5 through a pipeline; Please refer to Figure 5 The control assembly 6 comprises: A moving ring 601 is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box 5; A first electric push rod 605 is connected to the outside of the equipment box 5, one end of the first electric push rod 605 is connected to the top of the moving ring 601 through a plate body, and the first electric push rod 605 is used for driving the moving ring 601 to move and drive the range adjusting mechanism 7; The sliding rod 602 is connected to the top of the moving ring 601, and the other end of the sliding rod 602 is externally sleeved with a sliding sleeve 604 connected to one side of the equipment box 5. The sliding rod 602 is externally sleeved with a first spring 603, and the two ends of the first spring 603 are connected to the corresponding positions of the moving ring 601 and the one side of the sliding sleeve 604, respectively.

[0026] The driving mechanism 4 comprises: The driven gear 401 is rotationally connected to the top of the connecting frame 3 arranged on the top of the equipment box 5, and the other end of the connecting frame 3 extends to the top of the liquid storage tank 2. The bottom of the driven gear 401 is connected to the top of the equipment box 5 through a shaft body. The middle part of the driven gear 401 has a cavity, and a pipeline for connecting the pump body in the liquid storage tank 2 and the equipment box 5 is arranged in the cavity; The driving gear 402 is rotationally connected to the top of the connecting frame 3. The driving gear 402 is engaged with the driven gear 401. The top of the driving gear 402 is provided with a driving motor. The driving motor is connected to the top of the connecting frame 3 through a mounting piece 403.

[0027] Specifically, through the designed driving mechanism 4, the rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor can drive the rotation of the driving gear 402, the rotation of the driving gear 402 can drive the rotation of the driven gear 401, the driven gear 401 can drive the rotation of the bottom equipment box 5 through the shaft body, and the working elongation of the first electric push rod 605 can drive the movement of the moving ring 601. The movement of the moving ring 601 can drive the movement of the outer peripheral side range adjusting mechanism 7, so as to control the radial spraying range of the range adjusting mechanism 7 and the nozzle main body 10, improve the spraying treatment effect.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 4-7 The angle adjusting assembly 8 comprises: The accommodation seats 801 are arranged circumferentially around the distribution ring 9; The distribution ring 9 has a liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is connected in communication with the accommodation seats 801 through corresponding liquid outlet holes; The outer sleeve 803 and the inner locking pipe 804 are connected in the outer sleeve 803. The end of the outer sleeve 803 away from the inner locking pipe 804 is connected to the accommodation seat 801; The moving hoop 805 is connected to the outside of the inner locking pipe 804. The top of the moving hoop 805 is rotationally connected with the connecting rod 806. The other end of the connecting rod 806 is rotationally connected with the moving block 807. The other side of the moving block 807 is connected to the outside of the moving ring 601 through a rod body. The radial distance of the nozzle main body 10 is adjusted by pushing the moving hoop 805 after the moving ring 601 moves; Further comprising: an insert piece 810 slidingly connected in the accommodation seat 801, a moving rod 808 connected to the top of the insert piece 810, the moving rod 808 being sleeved on one side of the moving block 807 outside the rod body through a sleeve ring, and an overflow groove being arrayed on one side of the insert piece 810; An overflow cover 811 connected to one side of the overflow outlet of the distribution ring 9, the overflow cover 811 being matched with the insert piece 810 outside, and a through groove corresponding to the overflow groove being formed on one side of the overflow cover 811, so that the communication flow of the through groove and the overflow groove is adjusted by the movement of the insert piece 810; A second spring 809 sleeved outside the moving rod 808, the two ends of the second spring 809 being connected to the accommodation seat 801 and one side outside the moving rod 808 respectively.

[0029] Further comprising: a closed cover 802 sleeved outside the outer sleeve 803, the closed cover 802 being connected to the accommodation seat 801, and the gap between the outer sleeve 803 and the accommodation seat 801 being closed by the flexible expansion of the closed cover 802; Specifically, when the moving ring 601 is pushed to move by the first electric push rod 605, the moving ring 601 can drive the moving ring 601 to move and push the connecting rod 806, one end of the connecting rod 806 being pushed can drive the other end to push the moving hoop 805, the moving hoop 805 moving can drive the inner locking pipe 804 to slide in the outer sleeve 803, and the inner locking pipe 804 moving can drive the front nozzle body 10 to adjust the radial spraying range, which is conducive to adapting the circumferential direction of the spraying range and improving the spraying uniformity. Further, when the nozzle body 10 adjusts the radial range, in order to avoid the water pressure problem caused by the increase of the medium flow chamber, the insert piece 810 can be moved synchronously when the moving ring 601 moves downward, the insert piece 810 moving can adjust the communication gap of one side of the overflow groove relative to the overflow cover 811, so that the water inflow can be adjusted synchronously when the nozzle body 10 moves radially, which is conducive to maintaining the stable water supply effect after the radial spraying range is adjusted.

[0030] The range adjustment mechanism 7 comprises: A fixed ring 701 connected to the end of the inner locking pipe 804; A turning ball 712 externally rotatably connected with a ball seat connected in the fixed ring 701, the turning ball 712 having a liquid cavity in communication with the inner locking pipe 804 through a flexible pipeline; A moving seat 703 rotatably connected in the fixed ring 701, the moving seat 703 being connected on one side with a second electric push rod 707, the second electric push rod 707 being rotatably connected on the front side with a push ring 709 through a rotating pair 708, the push ring 709 being connected outside the nozzle body 10, and the rotating direction angle of the front nozzle body 10 being adjusted by the moving seat 703; The rotary pair 708 comprises a rotary block and a rotary seat rotating around the same axis, and the rotary block is connected to the front side of the second electric push rod 707, and the rotary seat is connected to the outer ring 709. Further comprising: a fixed block 704 connected to one side of the moving seat 703, a fixed seat top threadedly connected with a limiting pin 705, the bottom end of the limiting pin 705 connected with a limiting block 706, and the limiting block 706 is limitedly connected with the limiting tooth groove 702 in the inner cavity of the fixed ring 701.

[0031] A buffer bag 710 is connected between the ball bearing seat and the push ring 709, the ball bearing seat inner cavity is connected with a mounting block 711 around the axis, one end of the buffer bag 710 is connected with the mounting block 711, and the buffer bag 710 absorbs the converted offset stress; Further, when it is necessary to adjust the horizontal angle of the front nozzle body 10 relative to the ground, the second electric push rod 707 can be operated to elongate the rotary ring to pull the steering ball 712 to rotate in the ball bearing seat, which is conducive to adjusting the spraying angle of the front nozzle body 10 through the rotation of the steering ball 712, and is conducive to realizing the spraying range and angle through the adjustment of the spraying angle, and is conducive to adapting to the gravel spraying dry cycle degradation of different accumulated heights, and improving the treatment effect Further, by rotating the limiting pin 705 in the threaded groove to make the limiting block 706 separate from the limiting tooth groove 702, at this time; Further comprising: A guide plate 11 is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 3, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide plate 11 is arc-shaped. Specifically, through the designed guide plate 11, when multiple nozzle bodies 10 are used for surrounding liquid spraying, the arc-shaped guide plate 11 can guide the liquid to the two sides for drainage, thereby maintaining the liquid spraying guiding effect on the advancing side.

[0032] A method for weathering and degrading gravel based on dry-wet cycle, in particular a method for resourceizing nutrient resources of sand field retained gravel to alleviate sand field degradation, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, selecting a fallow sand field; S2, completely removing the old sand layer mixed with soil, and screening the gravel into three specifications by using a screening machine; S3, re-paving the gravel on the soil surface; S4, selecting sunny and hot weather during the fallow period of the sand field, monitoring the temperature of the gravel layer, and judging whether the dry-wet cycle starting condition is reached; S5, calculating the water spraying amount based on the evaporation intensity and the water retention property of the gravel, and realizing the dry-wet cycle through a spraying device; The three gravel screening specifications in S2 are 5-10mm, 10-15mm, and 15-20mm, and the screening machine is a movable vibrating screening machine; The gravel in S3 is three kinds of particle size gravel after screening, and the bulk densities are 1.65 g / cm 3 , 1.62 g / cm 3 , 1.58 g / cm 3 , and the gravel back thickness is about 10 cm.

[0033] The fallow period in S4 is 6-9 months, and the sunny weather refers to the weather with a temperature of more than 30℃, a relative humidity of less than 30%, a wind speed of 3 m / s or more in the field weather station, the monitoring of the gravel layer temperature is realized by infrared temperature measuring equipment, and the dry-wet cycle starting condition refers to the gravel layer temperature reaching more than 60℃; In S5, the water amount is determined by the evaporation intensity and the gravel water retention to ensure that the sprayed water amount meets the dry-wet cycle reaction requirement of the entire gravel layer, the evaporation intensity is the average actual evaporation intensity for 10 consecutive years as a reference, the gravel water retention is the water retention of three kinds of particle size gravel, the required Yellow River water amount for 5-10 mm, 10-15 mm, and 15-20 mm particle size gravel is 4.9 mm-7.8 mm, and the sprayed water is taken from the Yellow River, and the conductivity is 0.618 dS / m, the pH is 8.47, the mineralization is 0.34 g / L, and the water temperature is between 20-25℃; By controlling the moving speed of the external mobile device of the device, the sprayed water amount of 5-10 mm, 10-15 mm, and 15-20 mm particle size gravel of 4.9 mm-7.8 mm can be met, the sprayed water amount is determined according to the collected average actual evaporation intensity for 10 consecutive years and the water retention of different particle size gravel, that is, the gravel layer can be fully infiltrated so that the retained gravel layer can fully participate in the dry-wet cycle process and fully react, and no surface runoff is generated, after the free water in the gravel gap is completely discharged, the water soaking operation is repeated in the next suitable climate window period. Repeat this cycle process many times.

[0034] After the dry-wet cycle in the fallow period, randomly collect 0-40 cm plough layer soil samples under the gravel layer of Example 1 (5-10 mm gravel dry-wet cycle), Example 2 (10-15 mm gravel dry-wet cycle), Example 3 (15-20 mm gravel dry-wet cycle), Comparative Example 1 (5-10 mm gravel dry-wet cycle), Comparative Example 2 (10-15 mm gravel dry-wet cycle), and Comparative Example 3 (15-20 mm gravel dry-wet cycle).

[0035] The difference from example 1 is that the dry-wet cycle of the gravel layer is not initiated by water spraying; the difference from example 1 is that the back-laid gravel particle size is 10-15 mm, and the dry-wet cycle of the gravel layer is not initiated by water spraying; the difference from example 1 is that the back-laid gravel particle size is 15-20 mm, and the dry-wet cycle of the gravel layer is not initiated by water spraying.

[0036] Test example 1 At the end of September, the 0-40 cm soil samples of the plough layer collected in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were randomly collected. The collected soil samples were naturally air-dried in a cool place and passed through a 200 mesh sieve, and then placed in a refrigerator at 4 DEG C for cold storage. Nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and hydrofluoric acid (HF) were added respectively in a microwave digestion system for digestion treatment (2 h). After the sample pretreatment was completed, the trace elements (Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, B) required by plants in the soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

[0037] Table 1 Soil plant required trace element content

[0038] As shown in Table 1, the method of the present application significantly improves the content of Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Mo and other trace elements in the soil, and the increase of petrogenic elements (Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe) is particularly significant, which confirms that the dry-wet cycle measures during the fallow period can effectively accelerate the release of nutrients of the surface retained gravel. Under the action of temperature difference and leaching, the gravel is cracked and the mineral components are dissolved. The present application promotes the resourceization of gravel, provides an effective way to solve the ecological environment problems caused by the degradation of sandy field and the retained gravel, and helps the sustainable development of sandy field. The resourceization effect of 10-15 mm gravel is the best In the present application, the terms "first", "second" are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more, unless otherwise explicitly limited. The terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "connecting" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; "connected" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for weathering and digesting gravel based on wet-dry cycle, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Select fallow sandy fields; S2. Thoroughly remove the old sand layer mixed with soil, and use a screening machine to separate the gravel into three sizes. S3. Spread the gravel back onto the soil surface; S4. During the fallow period of sandy fields, if there is continuous sunny and hot weather, monitor the temperature of the gravel layer and determine whether the conditions for starting the dry-wet cycle are met. S5. Calculate the spraying water volume based on evaporation intensity and gravel water retention capacity, and realize dry-wet cycle through spraying equipment.

2. The method for weathering and digesting gravel based on wet-dry cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three gravel screening specifications mentioned in S2 are 5~10mm, 10~15mm and 15~20mm respectively.

3. The method for weathering and digesting gravel based on wet-dry cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravel in S3 refers to gravel of three different particle sizes after sieving, with a bulk density of 1.65 g / cm³. 3 1.62g / cm 3 and 1.58g / cm 3 The gravel backfill thickness is about 10cm.

4. A device for weathering and digesting gravel based on a wet-dry cycle, applied to the method described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The equipment includes a mounting base (1), a liquid storage tank (2) mounted on top of the mounting base (1), a device box (5) connected to the liquid storage tank (2) via a pipe, a connecting frame (3) on top of the device box (5), the other end of the connecting frame (3) extending to the top of the liquid storage tank (2), a pump body inside the device box (5), a pump body connected to multiple liquid outlets via pipes, and a nozzle body (10) connected to the liquid outlets. The equipment box (5) is characterized by further including: The drive mechanism (4) is located on the top of the equipment box (5). The drive mechanism (4) controls the rotation of the equipment box (5) to adjust the spraying area of ​​the nozzle body (10). Range adjustment mechanism (7), multiple range adjustment mechanisms (7) are connected to the outside of the equipment box (5) through liquid distribution ring (9), the range adjustment mechanism (7) is connected to the liquid outlet, and the spray range is adjusted through the range adjustment mechanism (7); Angle adjustment component (8) is connected to the rear side of range adjustment mechanism (7) and communicates with the liquid outlet. The spray angle of the front nozzle body (10) is adjusted by the angle adjustment component (8). The control component (6) is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box (5) and controls the running stroke through the control component (6).

5. The equipment for gravel based on dry-wet cycle weathering and digestion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control component (6) includes: The movable ring (601) is slidably connected to the outside of the equipment box (5); The first electric push rod (605) is connected to the outside of the equipment box (5). The other end of the first electric push rod (605) is connected to the top of the moving ring (601) through the plate. The working inspection of the first electric push rod (605) drives the moving ring (601) to move the driving range adjustment mechanism (7). A slide rod (602) is connected to the top of the moving ring (601). A sliding sleeve (604) is fitted on the other end of the slide rod (602). The sliding sleeve (604) is connected to the outside of the equipment box (5). A first spring (603) is fitted on the outer sleeve of the slide rod (602). The two ends of the first spring (603) are respectively connected to the corresponding positions on the moving ring (601) and the sliding sleeve (604).

6. The device for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (4) includes: Driven gear (401) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting frame (3). The bottom of driven gear (401) is connected to the top of the equipment box (5) through a shaft. Driven gear (401) has a cavity in the middle. A pipe for connecting the liquid storage tank (2) and the pump body in the equipment box (5) is installed in the cavity. The drive gear (402) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting frame (3). The drive gear (402) meshes with the driven gear (401). The top of the drive gear (402) is provided with a drive motor, which is connected to the top of the connecting frame (3) through a mounting piece (403).

7. The device for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The angle adjustment component (8) includes: A container (801) is provided, and multiple containers (801) are arranged around the liquid distribution ring (9) in a circumferential manner; Among them, the liquid separating ring (9) has a liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is connected to the receiving seat (801) through the corresponding liquid outlet hole; The outer tube (803) and the inner locking tube (804) are slidably connected inside the outer tube (803), and one end of the outer tube (803) away from the inner locking tube (804) is connected inside the receiving seat (801); The movable clamp (805) is connected to the outside of the inner locking tube (804). The top of the movable clamp (805) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (806). The other end of the connecting rod (806) is rotatably connected to the movable block (807). The other side of the movable block (807) is connected to the outside of the movable ring (601) through the rod body. After the movable ring (601) moves, it pushes the movable clamp (805) to adjust the radial distance of the nozzle body (10).

8. The device for gravel based on dry-wet cycle weathering and digestion according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Insert (810) is slidably connected to the receiving seat (801). A moving rod (808) is connected to the top of the insert (810). The top of the moving rod (808) is sleeved on the outside of the rod body on one side of the moving block (807) through a collar. An overflow groove is arrayed on one side of the insert (810). An overflow cover (811) is connected to the outlet on one side of the liquid distribution ring (9). The outer side of the overflow cover (811) is in contact with the insert (810). A through groove corresponding to the overflow tank is opened on one side of the overflow cover (811). The flow rate of the through groove and the overflow tank is adjusted by moving the insert (810). The second spring (809) is sleeved on the outside of the moving rod (808), and the two ends of the second spring (809) are respectively connected to the receiving seat (801) and the outside side of the moving rod (808); A sealing cover (802) is fitted over the outer sleeve (803) and connected to the receiving seat (801). The flexible opening of the sealing cover (802) closes the gap between the outer sleeve (803) and the receiving seat (801).

9. The device for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The range adjustment mechanism (7) includes: A retaining ring (701) is connected to the end of the inner locking tube (804); The steering ball (712) is externally rotatably connected to a ball bearing seat, which is connected to the fixed ring (701). The steering ball (712) has a liquid cavity, which is connected to the inner locking tube (804) through a flexible pipe. The movable seat (703) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (701). A second electric push rod (707) is connected to one side of the movable seat (703). A push ring (709) is rotatably connected to the front side of the second electric push rod (707) through a rotating pair (708). The push ring (709) is connected to the outside of the nozzle body (10). The rotation angle of the front nozzle body (10) is adjusted by the movable seat (703).

10. The device for weathering and digesting gravel based on dry-wet cycle as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A fixed block (704) is connected to one side of a movable seat (703). A limit bolt (705) is threaded to the top of the fixed seat. A limit block (706) is connected to the bottom of the limit bolt (705). The limit block (706) is limited to the limit tooth groove (702) opened in the inner cavity of the fixed ring (701). A buffer bladder (710) is connected between the ball bearing and the push ring (709). The inner cavity of the ball bearing is connected to the mounting block (711) around the axis. One end of the buffer bladder (710) is connected to the mounting block (711). The buffer bladder (710) absorbs the converted offset stress. The guide plate (11) is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (3), and the cross-sectional shape of the guide plate (11) is arc-shaped.

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