Start-opening micro-capsule feed for grouper cultured in factory-like circulating water and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial recirculating aquaculture grouper mouth-opening micro-capsule feed and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of grouper mouth-opening micro-capsule feeds. The feed is composed of 85-90% of a core protein source and 10-15% of a functional additive, and has the characteristics of comprehensive nutrition, good palatability, high stability in water and the like; according to the preparation method, superfine grinding and microencapsulation technologies are adopted, micro-capsule particles are formed through a spray condensation method, low-temperature emulsification and vacuum drying processes are matched, loss of heat-sensitive components is effectively reduced, multi-stage three-dimensional mixing is achieved through an original bevel gear transmission and rotary scraper stirring system, the component mixing uniformity is improved, and the product quality is improved. According to the feed prepared through the technology, the survival rate and the growth speed of juvenile groupers are remarkably increased, the dissolution time of the micro-capsule feed is shortened, energy consumption is reduced, and meanwhile the high efficiency and the environment friendliness are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microencapsulated feed for grouper starting to grow, specifically to a microencapsulated feed for grouper raised in a recirculating aquaculture system and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Grouper, also known as spotted grouper or rock grouper, belongs to the genus Lepidoptera of the family Lepidoptera. There are about 100 species, distributed in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean. In China, it is found in the South China Sea and East China Sea. It is a carnivorous, bottom-dwelling fish that grows relatively quickly, grows to a large size, is rich in nutrients, and has delicious meat. It is very popular and is an excellent species for marine aquaculture.

[0003] With the continuous development of artificial breeding and cage culture technologies, the artificial rearing technology of grouper is getting better and better. In order to improve the nutritional intake of grouper, it is generally necessary to use open microencapsulated feed. The current open microencapsulated feed for grouper is mainly composed of basic protein source, fat source, carbohydrate and vitamin and mineral premix. These feeds are prepared by conventional crushing and mixing process to meet the feeding needs of grouper juveniles. The existing feed plays an important role in providing basic nutrition for juvenile fish, maintaining water quality stability and improving aquaculture efficiency in recirculating aquaculture systems.

[0004] However, existing feeds suffer from nutritional deficiencies such as a single protein source, unbalanced amino acids, and a lack of specific functional components. At the same time, the ratio of vitamins and minerals is not precise enough. In terms of physical properties, they are unstable in water, easily dispersed and cause water pollution, and have uneven particle size distribution, which affects feeding. In terms of production process, there are problems such as insufficient particle size, poor mixing uniformity, and lack of effective microencapsulation protection technology, resulting in nutrient loss and low digestibility and absorption rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microcapsule feed for the initial feeding of grouper in a factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, a microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system and its preparation method are proposed. The feed consists of 85-90% core protein source and 10-15% functional additives.

[0008] The core protein source is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 30-35% white fish meal, 10-15% Antarctic krill meal, 15-20% whey protein meal, 10-15% dephenolized cottonseed protein, and 5-15% black soldier fly larvae meal.

[0009] The functional additive is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 5-8% Schizochytrium powder, 2-5% fish oil, 0.5-1% compound vitamins, 0.5-1% compound minerals, 0.5-1% tripropionate, 0.5-1% EPA, and 1-2% microbial preparation.

[0010] Preferably, the complex vitamin is composed of fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins, and the complex mineral is composed of macroelements and trace elements.

[0011] Preferably, the microbial preparation is composed of one or more of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast.

[0012] On the other hand, a method for preparing microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture is also proposed, including the following steps:

[0013] S1. Crushing and Mixing: White fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, whey protein powder, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and black soldier fly larvae powder are added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion and crushed at a speed of 20,000-25,000 rpm. After sieving, the powder is temporarily stored in a sealed silo. Schizochytrium powder is added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion according to the formula, and the protein base material temporarily stored in the sealed silo is simultaneously output and mixed at a speed of 40-45 rpm for 8-10 minutes until a uniform premix is ​​obtained. The premix is ​​then transferred to the oil addition section via a screw conveyor.

[0014] S2. Oil addition: Add fish oil, triglyceride, and EPA sequentially to the high-speed shear emulsification tank. Set the water temperature to 45-50℃ and the shear rate to 2500-3000rpm. Add the premixed material in batches and emulsify for 10-15 minutes to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0015] S3. Microencapsulation: Microcapsules are prepared by spray condensation. The feed pressure is set to 0.6-0.8MPa, the atomizing air pressure to 0.2-0.3MPa, and the condensation temperature to -20 to -18℃. The emulsion slurry is sprayed into a liquid nitrogen environment to form microcapsule particles with a particle size of 100-300μm. After being screened by vibration, the particles are then sent to the drying process.

[0016] S4. Low-temperature drying: Place the microcapsule particles in a vacuum drying oven, set the vacuum degree to -0.09 to -0.095 MPa and the temperature to 35-40℃, and dry for 3-4 hours. During this period, turn the particles over every 30 minutes to ensure uniform heating.

[0017] S5. Final processing: The dried microcapsules are cooled to below 25°C by a fluidized bed cooler, and compound vitamins, compound minerals and microbial preparations are added at a ratio of 0.5%. The mixture is then mixed in a V-type mixer at a speed of 10-15 rpm for 15-20 minutes, and finally packaged into finished products.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the spray flow rate for preparing microcapsule liquid nitrogen by spray condensation is controlled at 0.5-0.8 m / s, and the sphericity of the microcapsule particles is not less than 0.85.

[0019] Preferably, the pulverizing and mixing equipment used in step S1 includes a box body, with support legs at each of the four corners of the bottom of the box body. Doors are installed on both sides of the front end of the box body, and a touch screen is installed on the outside of the left door. A pulverizer is installed on the upper left side of the box body, with a feed hopper bolted to the top of the pulverizer. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the pulverizer, and a sieve plate is detachably installed inside the discharge pipe. The bottom opening of the discharge pipe communicates with the interior of a sealed chamber, which is installed on the upper left side of the box body. A powder conveying pump is installed at the lower right end of the sealed chamber, and its output end is connected to a mixing cylinder. The mixing cylinder is installed on the right side inside the box body, with a feed pipe inserted into its upper end and a connecting pipe connected to its lower middle section. The bottom of the connecting pipe is connected to a threaded conveyor, which is horizontally installed between the four support legs. A multi-stage stirring device is installed inside the mixing cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the multi-stage stirring device includes a motor, which is installed at the upper end of the mixing drum. The bottom output end of the mixing drum is connected to a rotating shaft, which is vertically inserted into the inside of the mixing drum. The bottom of the rotating shaft is connected to a stirring component and a dispersing component, respectively, and the dispersing component is connected to the inside of the sealed chamber.

[0021] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a rotating component, which is connected to the bottom of a rotating shaft. Movable bevel gears are rotatably mounted on both the left and right sides of the rotating component. A stirring rod is installed in the middle of the movable bevel gear. The upper end of the movable bevel gear meshes with a fixed bevel gear, and the upper end of the fixed bevel gear is locked to the top cover bolt. The top cover is installed in the lower end of the mixing cylinder, and a rotating shell is connected to the bottom of the top cover. A stirring fan blade is connected to the bottom of the rotating shell, and scrapers are installed on both the left and right sides of the rotating shell.

[0022] Preferably, the agitation assembly includes a first protective shell connected to the upper end of the top cover, and a rotating shaft inserted inside the first protective shell. A first bevel gear is installed outside the insertion end of the rotating shaft. A second bevel gear is meshed with the upper left side of the first bevel gear. A first rotating rod is connected to the middle of the second bevel gear. The left side of the first rotating rod is connected to a third bevel gear. A fourth bevel gear is meshed with the lower end of the third bevel gear. The bottom of the fourth bevel gear is connected to the second protective shell, and a second rotating rod is vertically connected to the middle of the fourth bevel gear. The second rotating rod is vertically inserted into the sealed chamber, and the vertical insertion end of the second rotating rod is connected to a rotating structure installed inside the sealed chamber.

[0023] Preferably, the rotating structure includes a connecting rod that is movably inserted into the top of the second rotating rod. The top of the connecting rod is connected to the rotating cylinder. Vertical rods are vertically inserted into both sides of the lower end of the rotating cylinder. Springs are installed on the outside of the vertical rods on both sides, and the upper ends of the vertical rods on both sides are inserted into the connecting cylinder. The connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the second rotating rod. A protruding rod is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the rotating cylinder, and the bottom of the protruding rod abuts against the top block. The top block is installed at the bottom of the sealed chamber. A first stirring frame and a second stirring frame are respectively installed on the outside of the rotating cylinder, and the first stirring frame and the second stirring frame are arranged vertically opposite each other.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The feed of this invention is scientifically formulated with white fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, whey protein powder, dephenolized cottonseed protein, black soldier fly larvae meal, Schizochytrium meal, fish oil, compound vitamins, compound minerals, tripropionate, EPA, and microbial preparations. It features comprehensive nutrition, good palatability, and high stability in water. The preparation method uses ultra-fine grinding and microencapsulation technology to ensure that the feed particle size is suitable for grouper juveniles and can effectively reduce nutrient loss. The microencapsulated feed prepared by this process can significantly improve the survival rate and growth rate of grouper juveniles.

[0026] 2. This invention achieves multi-stage three-dimensional mixing by setting up a stirring assembly, namely a rotating shaft system driven by a motor. When the motor starts, the rotating shaft drives the rotating parts at the bottom to rotate, which in turn drives the movable bevel gears on both sides to revolve synchronously. Due to the meshing of the movable bevel gears and the fixed bevel gears, the inclined stirring rods generate their own rotation while revolving, forming a spiral mixing trajectory. In addition, the stirring fan blades and scrapers at the bottom of the rotating shell rotate synchronously, which not only prevents the material from settling at the bottom, but also removes the adhering substances on the cylinder wall. This design solves the "dead corner" problem of traditional mixers and greatly improves the uniformity of component mixing. At the same time, for high-viscosity protein base materials, the shear force generated by multi-stage rotation can break up agglomerates, making the particle size distribution more concentrated and the mixing effect more uniform.

[0027] 3. This invention, by setting up a stirring component and using a linkage mechanism of bevel gear set, cam shaft, top block and spring, achieves intermittent loosening of materials in the sealed chamber. When the rotating shaft rotates, the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear. After multi-stage gear conversion, the inclined surface of the cam and the top block cooperates to make the rotating drum rise and fall periodically. During the rising stage, the two sets of stirring frames rotate and stir the temporarily stored core protein source components to prevent clumping. During the falling stage, the spring rebounds and further breaks up the particles. This dynamic processing method improves the looseness of the component materials while improving the subsequent mixing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing and mixing equipment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the internal structure of the pulverizing and mixing equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a front view of the internal structure of the multi-stage stirring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the stirring assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the stirring component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the rotating structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: Box body-1, Support leg-2, Box door-3, Touch screen-4, Crusher-5, Feed hopper-6, Discharge pipe-7, Screen plate-8, Sealed chamber-9, Powder conveying pump-10, Mixing cylinder-11, Feed pipe-12, Connecting pipe-13, Threaded conveyor-14, Multi-stage mixing device-15, Motor-151, Rotating shaft-152, Mixing assembly-153, Rotating component-1531, Movable bevel gear-1532, Stirring rod-1533, Fixed bevel gear-1534, Top cover-1535, Rotating shell-1536, Stirring blade-1537, Scraper-1538, Aggregator Component-154, First Protective Shell-1541, First Bevel Gear-1542, Second Bevel Gear-1543, First Rotating Rod-1544, Third Bevel Gear-1545, Fourth Bevel Gear-1546, Second Protective Shell-1547, Second Rotating Rod-1548, Rotating Structure-1549, Connecting Rod-15491, Rotating Cylinder-15492, Vertical Rod-15493, Spring-15494, Connecting Cylinder-15495, Connecting Plate-15496, Protruding Rod-15497, Top Block-15498, First Stirring Frame-15499, Second Stirring Frame-154910. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system and a method for its preparation. On one hand, it proposes a microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system and a method for its preparation. The feed is composed of 85-90% core protein source and 10-15% functional additives.

[0038] The core protein source is composed of the following raw materials in the indicated mass percentages:

[0039] 30% white fish meal is used to provide highly digestible animal protein and promote the rapid growth of grouper larvae;

[0040] Antarctic krill powder (10%), rich in astaxanthin and phospholipids, is used to enhance the immunity and body color development of juvenile fish.

[0041] 25% whey protein powder, used to absorb milk protein and optimize gut health;

[0042] 15% dephenolized cottonseed protein, a plant protein supplement, used to reduce costs and minimize the effects of anti-nutritional factors;

[0043] Black soldier fly larvae powder (10%), an insect protein source containing antimicrobial peptides, is used to enhance disease resistance.

[0044] The functional additive is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentages:

[0045] Schizochytrium powder contains 5% DHA, which is used to promote the development of the nervous system;

[0046] 2% of fish oil is used to provide Omega-3 fatty acids and reduce the risk of pollution in aquaculture waters;

[0047] 0.5% multivitamins are used to synergistically protect metabolic balance and bone development;

[0048] 0.5% complex minerals are used to synergistically protect metabolic balance and bone development;

[0049] Tripropionate 0.5% is used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria and improve the intestinal microecology;

[0050] EPA 0.5% is an anti-inflammatory agent used to reduce stress response;

[0051] The microbial preparation contains 1% of the bacteria, which regulate the balance of intestinal flora through bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis.

[0052] Specifically, this formula achieves synergistic optimization of the growth rate, survival rate, and environmental performance of grouper larvae through a three-tiered protein source structure of animal protein, plant protein, and insect protein, combined with multi-target regulation by functional additives.

[0053] The complex vitamins are composed of fat-soluble vitamins (such as VA, VD3, VE, VK3) and water-soluble vitamins (such as VB1, VB2, VC, calcium pantothenate, etc.) to meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of grouper growth. The complex minerals are composed of macroelements (such as Na, K, Mg, P) and microelements (such as amino acid chelates of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) to optimize the skeletal development and metabolic function of grouper.

[0054] The microbial preparation is composed of one or more of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

[0055] On the other hand, a method for preparing microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture is also proposed, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Crushing and Mixing: White fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, whey protein powder, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and black soldier fly larvae powder are added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion and crushed at a speed of 20,000-25,000 rpm. After sieving, the powder is temporarily stored in a sealed silo. Schizochytrium powder is added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion according to the formula, and the protein base material temporarily stored in the sealed silo is simultaneously output and mixed at a speed of 40-45 rpm for 8-10 minutes until a uniform premix is ​​obtained. The premix is ​​then transferred to the oil addition section via a screw conveyor.

[0057] S2. Oil addition: Add fish oil, triglyceride, and EPA sequentially to the high-speed shear emulsification tank. Set the water temperature to 45-50℃ and the shear rate to 2500-3000rpm. Add the premixed material in batches and emulsify for 10-15 minutes to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0058] S3. Microencapsulation: Microcapsules are prepared by spray condensation. The feed pressure is set to 0.6-0.8MPa, the atomizing air pressure to 0.2-0.3MPa, and the condensation temperature to -20 to -18℃. The emulsion slurry is sprayed into a liquid nitrogen environment to form microcapsule particles with a particle size of 100-300μm. After being screened by vibration, the particles are then sent to the drying process.

[0059] S4. Low-temperature drying: Place the microcapsule particles in a vacuum drying oven, set the vacuum degree to -0.09 to -0.095 MPa and the temperature to 35-40℃, and dry for 3-4 hours. During this period, turn the particles over every 30 minutes to ensure uniform heating.

[0060] S5. Final processing: The dried microcapsules are cooled to below 25°C by a fluidized bed cooler, and compound vitamins, compound minerals and microbial preparations are added at a ratio of 0.5%. The mixture is then mixed in a V-type mixer at a speed of 10-15 rpm for 15-20 minutes, and finally packaged into finished products.

[0061] In step S3, the spray flow rate for preparing microcapsule liquid nitrogen by spray condensation is controlled at 0.5-0.8 m / s, and the sphericity of the microcapsule particles is not less than 0.85.

[0062] Specifically, the advantages of the above preparation method are as follows:

[0063] 1. Enhanced nutrient retention and stability:

[0064] This involves using ultra-fine grinding at 20,000-25,000 rpm and low-speed mixing at 40-45 rpm to ensure uniform mixing of protein sources and functional additives, while low-temperature emulsification and vacuum drying processes maximize the preservation of the activity of heat-sensitive substances such as EPA and multivitamins.

[0065] 2. Microcapsule structure optimization and palatability:

[0066] The microcapsule particles formed by spray condensation combined with liquid nitrogen flash freezing are compatible with the feeding preferences of juvenile grouper, and the encapsulation of oil can prolong the stability of the feed in water.

[0067] 3. Process synergy and environmental benefits:

[0068] The batch emulsification and V-type mixer final mixing design ensures uniform adhesion of microbial agents and minerals, avoiding the inactivation of microbial communities due to high shear force. At the same time, the fully enclosed production process reduces dust pollution, and the antibacterial effect of tripropionate can reduce the pathogenic microbial load of the circulating water system.

[0069] Please see Figures 2-3 In this embodiment, the crushing and mixing equipment used in step S1 includes a housing 1, support legs 2, a door 3, a touch screen 4, a crusher 5, a feed hopper 6, a discharge pipe 7, a sieve plate 8, a sealed chamber 9, a powder conveying pump 10, a mixing cylinder 11, a feed pipe 12, a connecting pipe 13, a threaded conveyor 14, and a multi-stage stirring device 15. Support legs 2 are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the housing 1. Doors 3 are installed on both the left and right sides of the front of the housing 1 to facilitate easy opening and closing for maintenance of the equipment inside. A touch screen 4 is located outside the left door 3. A crusher 5 is located on the upper left side of the housing 1, and the crusher 5 has the same crushing structure as existing equipment; therefore, its specific structure will not be described in detail. The feed hopper 6 is bolted to the top of the crusher 5. The bottom is connected to a discharge pipe 7, and a sieve plate 8 is detachably installed inside the discharge pipe 7. The sieve plate 8 can meet the screening and filtration treatment of the crushed raw materials. The bottom opening of the discharge pipe 7 is connected to the inside of the sealed chamber 9, and the sealed chamber 9 is installed on the upper left side of the box body 1. A powder conveying pump 10 is installed at the lower right end of the sealed chamber 9, and the output end of the powder conveying pump 10 is connected to the mixing cylinder 11. The mixing cylinder 11 is installed on the right side inside the box body 1. A feed pipe 12 is vertically inserted into the upper right side of the mixing cylinder 11, and a connecting pipe 13 with a valve is connected to the middle of the lower end of the mixing cylinder 11. The bottom of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the threaded conveyor 14, and the threaded conveyor 14 is horizontally installed between the four supporting legs 2. A multi-stage stirring device 15 is installed inside the mixing cylinder 11.

[0070] Please see Figure 4In this embodiment, the multi-stage stirring device 15 includes a motor 151, a rotating shaft 152, a stirring assembly 153, and a dispersing assembly 154. The motor 151 is installed on the upper end of the mixing drum 11. The bottom output end of the mixing drum 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 152, and the rotating shaft 152 is vertically inserted into the mixing drum 11. The bottom of the rotating shaft 152 is connected to the stirring assembly 153 and the dispersing assembly 154 respectively, and the dispersing assembly 154 is connected to the inside of the sealed chamber 9.

[0071] Please see Figure 5 In this embodiment, the stirring assembly 153 includes a rotating component 1531, a movable bevel gear 1532, a stirring rod 1533, a fixed bevel gear 1534, a top cover 1535, a rotating shell 1536, stirring blades 1537, and a scraper 1538. The rotating component 1531 is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft 152 and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 152. Movable bevel gears 1532 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the rotating component 1531. The stirring rod 1533 is installed in the middle of the movable bevel gears 1532 on both sides, and the stirring rods 1533 on both sides are inclined. The movable bevel gears 1532 on both sides are engaged with the fixed bevel gears 1534 at their upper ends, and the upper ends of the fixed bevel gears 1534 are bolted to the top cover 1535. The top cover 1535 is locked and installed in the lower end of the mixing cylinder 11, and the bottom of the top cover 1535 is rotatably connected to the rotating shell 1536. The left and right sides of the lower end of the rotating shell 1536 are respectively inclined with stirring rods 1533. The middle of the lower end of the rotating shell 1536 is connected with stirring fan blades 1537, and scrapers 1538 are installed on the upper ends of the left and right sides of the rotating shell 1536.

[0072] Please see Figures 6-7 In this embodiment, the agitation assembly 154 includes a first protective shell 1541, a first bevel gear 1542, a second bevel gear 1543, a first rotating rod 1544, a third bevel gear 1545, a fourth bevel gear 1546, a second protective shell 1547, a second rotating rod 1548, and a rotating structure 1549. The first protective shell 1541 is connected to the upper end of the top cover 1535, and a rotating shaft 152 is inserted inside the first protective shell 1541. The first bevel gear 1542 is installed outside the insertion end of the rotating shaft 152, and the second bevel gear 154 is meshed with the left side of the upper end of the first bevel gear 1543. 3. The second bevel gear 1543 is laterally connected to the middle of the first rotating rod 1544. The left side of the first rotating rod 1544 is connected to the third bevel gear 1545. The lower end of the third bevel gear 1545 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 1546. The bottom of the fourth bevel gear 1546 is connected to the second protective shell 1547. The middle of the fourth bevel gear 1546 is vertically connected to the second rotating rod 1548. The second rotating rod 1548 is vertically inserted into the sealed chamber 9. The vertical insertion end of the second rotating rod 1548 is connected to the rotating structure 1549. The rotating structure 1549 is installed inside the sealed chamber 9.

[0073] Preferably, the rotating structure 1549 includes a connecting rod 15491, a rotating cylinder 15492, a vertical rod 15493, a spring 15494, a connecting cylinder 15495, a connecting plate 15496, a protruding rod 15497, a top block 15498, a first stirring frame 15499, and a second stirring frame 154910. The connecting rod 15491 and the second rotating rod 1548 are vertically positioned and connected at their tops. This allows the second rotating rod 1548 to rotate synchronously with the connecting rod 15491, and also guides the vertical movement of the connecting rod 15491 in conjunction with the positioning and connection. The top of the connecting rod 15491 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 15492. Vertical rods 15493 are vertically inserted into the lower left and right sides of the rotating cylinder 15492. Springs 15494 are installed on the lower exterior of the vertical rods 15493 on both sides. The upper end of 15493 is inserted into the interior of the connecting cylinder 15495, and the upper ends of the springs 15494 on both sides abut against the bottom of the connecting cylinders 15495 on both sides. The connecting cylinders 15495 on both sides are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the connecting plate 15496, and the connecting plate 15496 is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the second rotating rod 1548. The lower left side of the rotating cylinder 15492 is vertically fixedly connected to the protruding rod 15497, and the bottom of the protruding rod 15497 abuts against the top block 15498. The top of the top block 15498 is vertically inclined with a smooth surface, and the top block 15498 is installed at the bottom of the sealing chamber 9. The second rotating rod 1548 is inserted through the middle of the top block 15498. The first stirring frame 15499 and the second stirring frame 154910 are respectively installed on the outside of the rotating cylinder 15492, and the first stirring frame 15499 and the second stirring frame 154910 are arranged vertically opposite each other.

[0074] The working principle is as follows:

[0075] When the core protein source and some functional additives are to be pulverized and mixed, the pulverizer 5 can be operated through the touch screen 4 on the front of the side door 3. When the core protein source component is put into the pulverizer 5 from the feed hopper 6, it is pulverized into ultrafine particles. The pulverized core protein source component will fall into the discharge pipe 7 and pass through the sieve plate 8 to ensure that the insufficiently pulverized components are screened. The components that meet the pulverization and screening requirements will pass through the sieve plate 8 and fall into the sealed chamber 9 for temporary storage. At this time, when some functional additive components are fed through the feed pipe 12 inserted into the mixing cylinder 11, the powder conveying pump 10 connected to the right side of the sealed chamber 9 can be operated at the same time to input the temporarily stored core protein source component into the mixing cylinder 11 and mix it with some functional additive components for preparation.

[0076] When mixing the pulverized core protein source component with some functional additive components, the motor 151 installed at the top of the mixing drum 11 can be operated, causing the rotating shaft 152 connected to the bottom output end of the motor 151 to rotate. The rotating component 1531 connected to its bottom will rotate synchronously through the rotation of the rotating shaft 152, and during this rotation, the movable bevel gears 1532 connected to both sides will rotate synchronously. Thus, the stirring rod 1533, which is inclinedly connected to the middle of the movable bevel gears 1532 on both sides, can rotate with it, achieving revolution and stirring, and synchronous rotation of the externally connected rotating shell 1536. Simultaneously, when the movable bevel gears 1532 on both sides revolve in unison, the movable bevel gears 1532 will rotate through the fixed bevel gear 153 located at the lower end of the top cover 1535. The rotating action is achieved through the meshing transmission of the 4-axis. Thus, the inclined stirring rods 1533 on both sides can not only satisfy the revolution and rotation of the components, but also the tilting rotation and stirring, which greatly improves the mixing and preparation effect of the components. Secondly, when the rotating shell 1536 rotates in conjunction with the lower end of the top cover 1535, the stirring fan blades 1537 and scrapers 1538 installed on the bottom and upper left and right sides of the shell can rotate simultaneously, realizing the auxiliary stirring of the components at the bottom of the mixing cylinder 11 and the scraping of the components attached to the bottom wall of the mixing cylinder 11. In this way, the multi-stage combination of lateral tilting rotation stirring, bottom rotation stirring and cylinder wall scraping and cleaning is satisfied, so that the pulverized core protein source components and some functional additive components can be efficiently mixed and prepared, reducing the problem of uneven mixing.

[0077] Secondly, when the rotating shaft 152 rotates, it can also drive the first bevel gear 1542 connected to the lower outer side, so that the first bevel gear 1542 meshes with the second bevel gear 1543 connected to the upper end. In this way, the second bevel gear 1543 can rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the first rotating rod 1544. Then, the third bevel gear 1545 connected to one end of the first rotating rod 1544 will mesh with the fourth bevel gear 1546 to drive the second rotating rod 1548 to rotate in conjunction. When the second rotating rod 1548 rotates, the connecting rod 15491 connected to its upper end will rotate synchronously and drive the rotating cylinder 15492 connected to its top to rotate. When the rotating cylinder 15492 is rotating, the protruding rod 15497 vertically installed on its bottom left side will... The rotation effect and the inclined surface of the top block 15498 are used to drive the synchronous lifting activity of the rotating drum 15492 during rotation. When the rotating drum 15492 rotates and rises, the connection rod 15491 and the upper end of the second rotating rod 1548 are matched and the vertical rods 15493 on both sides are connected to the connecting cylinders 15495 on both sides. This makes the overall rotation and rising effect of the rotating drum 15492 stable. In this way, when the rotating drum 15492 rotates and rises, the two sets of first stirring frames 15499 and second stirring frames 154910 installed on its upper and lower ends will disperse the core protein source components temporarily stored and crushed in the sealed chamber 9, reduce the agglomeration phenomenon, improve the dispersibility of components, and ensure the mixing and preparation effect with some functional additive components in the later stage.

[0078] When the rotating drum 15492 is driven to rotate and rise, causing the vertical rods 15493 on both sides to insert into the corresponding connecting drum 15495, the springs 15494 located on the outer side of the lower end of the vertical rods 15493 on both sides will be compressed. Thus, when the protruding rod 15497 moves to the lowest end of the inclined surface of the top block 15498 with rotation, the rotating drum 15492 will rotate and fall with the help of the rebound of the springs 15494 on both sides. In this way, the rotating drum 15492 will meet the linkage of the falling and rotating stirring activities of the first stirring frame 15499 and the second stirring frame 154910. This allows the first stirring frame 15499 and the second stirring frame 154910 to rotate and rise and fall intermittently in linkage when the stirring assembly 153 is mixing with multi-stage stirring rods. This achieves a variety of stirring and dispersing treatments of the core protein source components that are temporarily stored and crushed inside the sealed chamber 9, ensuring their looseness while efficiently enhancing the quality of subsequent stirring and mixing preparation.

[0079] After the mixing of the pulverized core protein source component and some functional additive components is completed, the external valve of the connecting pipe 13 can be opened to allow the mixed components to enter the screw conveyor 14. With the screw conveyor 14's spiral transmission effect, the mixture is transported to the next process for processing.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microencapsulated feed for the initial feeding of grouper in a factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system, characterized in that: The feed consists of 85-90% core protein source and 10-15% functional additives; The core protein source is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 30-35% white fish meal, 10-15% Antarctic krill meal, 15-20% whey protein meal, 10-15% dephenolized cottonseed protein, and 5-15% black soldier fly larvae meal. The functional additive is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 5-8% Schizochytrium powder, 2-5% fish oil, 0.5-1% compound vitamins, 0.5-1% compound minerals, 0.5-1% tripropionate, 0.5-1% EPA, and 1-2% microbial preparation.

2. The microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex vitamins are composed of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, and the complex minerals are composed of macro-elements and micro-elements.

3. The microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial preparation is composed of one or more of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

4. A method for preparing a microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture systems, as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Crushing and Mixing: White fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, whey protein powder, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and black soldier fly larvae powder are added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion and crushed at a speed of 20,000-25,000 rpm. After sieving, the powder is temporarily stored in a sealed silo. Schizochytrium powder is added into the crushing and mixing equipment in proportion according to the formula, and the protein base material temporarily stored in the sealed silo is simultaneously output and mixed at a speed of 40-45 rpm for 8-10 minutes until a uniform premix is ​​obtained. The premix is ​​then transferred to the oil addition section via a screw conveyor. S2. Oil addition: Add fish oil, triglyceride, and EPA sequentially to the high-speed shear emulsification tank. Set the water temperature to 45-50℃ and the shear rate to 2500-3000rpm. Add the premixed material in batches and emulsify for 10-15 minutes to form a homogeneous slurry. S3. Microencapsulation: Microcapsules are prepared by spray condensation. The feed pressure is set to 0.6-0.8MPa, the atomizing air pressure to 0.2-0.3MPa, and the condensation temperature to -20 to -18℃. The emulsion slurry is sprayed into a liquid nitrogen environment to form microcapsule particles with a particle size of 100-300μm. After being screened by vibration, the particles are then sent to the drying process. S4. Low-temperature drying: Place the microcapsule particles in a vacuum drying oven, set the vacuum degree to -0.09 to -0.095 MPa and the temperature to 35-40℃, and dry for 3-4 hours. During this period, turn the particles over every 30 minutes to ensure uniform heating. S5. Final processing: The dried microcapsules are cooled to below 25°C by a fluidized bed cooler, and compound vitamins, compound minerals and microbial preparations are added at a ratio of 0.5%. The mixture is then mixed in a V-type mixer at a speed of 10-15 rpm for 15-20 minutes, and finally packaged into finished products.

5. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the spray flow rate for preparing microcapsule liquid nitrogen by spray condensation is controlled at 0.5-0.8 m / s, and the sphericity of the microcapsule particles is not less than 0.

85.

6. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing and mixing equipment used in step S1 includes a box body (1), with support legs (2) at the four corners of the bottom of the box body (1). Box doors (3) are installed on both sides of the front end of the box body (1). A touch screen (4) is installed on the outside of the left side of the box door (3). A crusher (5) is installed on the upper left side of the box body (1). A feed hopper (6) is bolted to the top of the crusher (5). A discharge pipe (7) is connected to the bottom of the crusher (5), and a sieve plate (8) is detachably installed inside the discharge pipe (7). The bottom opening of the discharge pipe (7) is connected to the inside of a sealed chamber (9), and the sealed chamber (9) is equipped with... Located on the upper left side of the box (1), the lower right side of the sealed chamber (9) is equipped with a powder conveying pump (10), and the output end of the powder conveying pump (10) is connected to the mixing cylinder (11). The mixing cylinder (11) is installed on the right side inside the box (1). The upper end of the mixing cylinder (11) is inserted with a feed pipe (12), and the middle of the lower end of the mixing cylinder (11) is connected with a connecting pipe (13). The bottom of the connecting pipe (13) is connected to a threaded conveyor (14), and the threaded conveyor (14) is installed horizontally between the four supporting legs (2). The mixing cylinder (11) is equipped with a multi-stage stirring device (15).

7. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-stage stirring device (15) includes a motor (151), which is installed on the upper end of the mixing drum (11). The bottom output end of the mixing drum (11) is connected to a rotating shaft (152), and the rotating shaft (152) is vertically inserted into the mixing drum (11). The bottom of the rotating shaft (152) is connected to the stirring component (153) and the dispersing component (154) respectively, and the dispersing component (154) is connected to the inside of the sealed chamber (9).

8. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (153) includes a rotating component (1531), which is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft (152). Movable bevel gears (1532) are rotatably mounted on both the left and right sides of the rotating component (1531). A stirring rod (1533) is installed in the middle of the movable bevel gear (1532). The upper end of the movable bevel gear (1532) is meshed with a fixed bevel gear (1534), and the upper end of the fixed bevel gear (1534) is bolted to the top cover (1535). The top cover (1535) is installed in the lower end of the mixing cylinder (11), and a rotating shell (1536) is connected to the bottom of the top cover (1535). A stirring fan blade (1537) is connected to the bottom of the rotating shell (1536), and scrapers (1538) are installed on both the left and right sides of the rotating shell (1536).

9. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The agitation assembly (154) includes a first protective shell (1541), which is connected to the upper end of the top cover (1535). A rotating shaft (152) is inserted inside the first protective shell (1541). A first bevel gear (1542) is installed outside the insertion end of the rotating shaft (152). A second bevel gear (1543) is meshed with the upper left side of the first bevel gear (1542). A first rotating rod (1544) is connected to the middle of the second bevel gear (1543). The left side of the first rotating rod (1544) is connected to the first bevel gear (1543). Three bevel gears (1545) are connected together. The lower end of the third bevel gear (1545) is meshed with a fourth bevel gear (1546). The bottom of the fourth bevel gear (1546) is connected to the second protective shell (1547). The middle part of the fourth bevel gear (1546) is vertically connected to a second rotating rod (1548). The second rotating rod (1548) is vertically inserted into the sealed chamber (9). The vertical insertion end of the second rotating rod (1548) is connected to a rotating structure (1549). The rotating structure (1549) is installed inside the sealed chamber (9).

10. The method for preparing the initial microencapsulated feed for grouper in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotating structure (1549) includes a connecting rod (15491), which is movably inserted into the top of the second rotating rod (1548). The top of the connecting rod (15491) is connected to the rotating cylinder (15492). Vertical rods (15493) are vertically inserted into both sides of the lower end of the rotating cylinder (15492). Springs (15494) are installed on the outside of the vertical rods (15493) on both sides. The upper ends of the vertical rods (15493) on both sides are inserted into the connecting cylinder (15495). The connecting cylinder (15495) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. (15496) on the left and right sides, and the connecting plate (15496) is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the second rotating rod (1548). A protruding rod (15497) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the rotating cylinder (15492), and the bottom of the protruding rod (15497) abuts against the top block (15498). The top block (15498) is installed at the bottom of the sealed chamber (9). A first stirring frame (15499) and a second stirring frame (154910) are respectively installed on the outside of the rotating cylinder (15492), and the first stirring frame (15499) and the second stirring frame (154910) are arranged vertically opposite each other.

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