Active braking mechanism and braking method for mine car

Abstract

The invention discloses a tramcar active brake mechanism and a brake method, and belongs to the technical field of tramcar brake mechanisms. The tramcar active brake mechanism comprises a tramcar active brake mechanism frame, and the tramcar active brake mechanism frame is installed on a track; the brake mechanism is mounted at the bottom of the frame, the brake mechanism is matched with a toothed plate between the two rails to lock the stalled mine car on the rails, the brake mechanism comprises a driving clamping plate and a driven clamping plate, a limiting plate is arranged at the bottom of the driving clamping plate, and the limiting plate is used for locking the driving clamping plate; the two clamping plates in the device are in transmission fit through the gear set, so that the two clamping plates share one unlocking mechanism, the overall structure of the bottom of the mine car is simplified, when the two clamping plates are unlocked, the front clamping plate in the advancing direction can be automatically selected to be connected with the toothed plate in a clamped mode through the arrangement of the gear set, and therefore the situation that the mine car turns over is avoided, and the service life of the mine car is prolonged. Therefore, the mine car can be stably braked on the rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine car braking mechanism technology, and in particular to an active braking mechanism and braking method for mine cars. Background Technology

[0002] An active braking mechanism for mining cars is a safety protection device installed on mining transport cars (such as underground railcars and open-pit mine dump cars) that can actively monitor dangerous working conditions and automatically trigger braking. Its core function is to compensate for the lag of traditional passive braking (such as foot brakes and handbrakes) and to avoid or reduce the risk of accidents such as collisions, rollovers, and slippage of mining cars in complex working environments.

[0003] Most current mining cars are equipped with a locking plate at the bottom. The locking plate works with the toothed plates arranged between the two rails to lock the mining car onto the rails. However, in actual use, if a single locking plate is used, it is difficult for the locking plate to cooperate stably with the toothed plates when the mining car is going uphill in different directions. If two sets of locking plates are used, multiple locking mechanisms and corresponding unlocking mechanisms are required. This results in a redundant structure at the bottom of the car frame and is not conducive to operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an active braking mechanism and braking method for mining cars to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active braking mechanism and braking method for mine cars, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that existing mine cars use a single clamping plate to cooperate with a toothed plate arranged between two tracks to lock the mine car on the track, making it difficult for the clamping plate to cooperate stably with the toothed plate when the mine car is going uphill in different directions.

[0006] Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an active braking mechanism for a mining car, comprising: A chassis, which is mounted on a track; A braking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the car frame and engages with a toothed plate between the two rails to lock a stalled mine car onto the rails. The braking mechanism includes an active locking plate and a driven locking plate. A limit plate is provided at the bottom of the active locking plate, and the limit plate is used to lock the active locking plate. A gear set is used to drive the driving plate and the driven plate together. The clutch mechanism is configured such that when the limiting plate releases the lock on the active locking plate, the active locking plate, during the transmission connection between the active locking plate and the driven locking plate via the gear set, can drive the driven locking plate to deflect downward at different speeds, so that the driven locking plate can engage with the gear plate first or later than the active locking plate.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the bottom of the frame is equipped with wheels that cooperate with the track, and the swing arm fixed on the wheel cooperates with the limiting plate through an unlocking mechanism. When the mine car loses speed, the speed of the wheel increases, so that the unlocking mechanism can pull the limiting plate to deflect so that the limiting plate is misaligned with the active locking plate.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: a pin is provided on the limiting plate, the pin passes through the limiting plate and rotates with it, the unlocking mechanism includes a slide rod, a pull plate is hinged between the slide rod and the limiting plate, and the swing rod can contact the slide rod and drive the slide rod to move along the traveling direction of the frame during the rotation of the wheel.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the gear set includes a large gear and a small gear, and a rotating shaft is provided at one end of the active plate near the driven plate. The large gear and the small gear located on both sides of the active plate are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The large gear and the small gear located on both sides of the driven plate are rotatably engaged with the driven plate, and the small gear meshes with the large gear. The clutch mechanism is configured to achieve alternating locking of the large gear and the small gear with the driven plate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the clutch mechanism includes a sliding column, the outer circumference of which protrudes outward to form a key bar, and keyways are provided on the inner wall of the large gear, the inner wall of the small gear, and the driven plate, and the key bar slides in the keyways.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: a pressure plate is slidably mounted on the frame, both ends of the pressure plate extend downward to form mutually parallel extrusion surfaces, the extrusion surfaces are arranged obliquely relative to the length direction of the frame, and both ends of the sliding column are attached to the inner side of the extrusion surfaces.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: both ends of the rotating shaft are fitted with connecting plates, and the ends of the rotating shaft extend into the stepped holes on the side of the connecting plates and rotate in cooperation with the connecting plates.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: an elastic element is provided between the rotating shaft and the connecting plate to achieve an elastic connection between the rotating shaft and the connecting plate in its circumferential direction.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the top surface of the toothed plate is uniformly provided with multiple sets of tooth grooves, and the opposite ends of the active and driven clamping plates both extend downward to form barbs that cooperate with the tooth grooves.

[0015] A braking method using the aforementioned active braking mechanism for a mine car includes the following steps: when the mine car loses speed on the track, the wheel speed increases, and the limit plate is deflected and misaligned with the active locking plate through the cooperation of the swing rod and the slide rod; during the downward deflection of the active locking plate, the driven locking plate can be simultaneously deflected downward through the gear set; the driven locking plate is selectively engaged with the pinion or the gear through the clutch mechanism, so that the driven locking plate can engage with the gear plate before or after the active locking plate, thereby locking the mine car on the track.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the two clamping plates in this device are driven by a gear set, so that the two clamping plates share a set of unlocking mechanisms, thereby simplifying the braking mechanism at the bottom of the mine car. Furthermore, when the two clamping plates are unlocked, the gear set can automatically select and engage the clamping plate that is forward along the direction of travel with the toothed plate, thereby preventing the mine car from overturning and allowing the mine car to stop smoothly on the track. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the active and passive card plates of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the unlocking mechanism and the limiting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the guide post and the pressure plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gear set structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the keyway structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft installation of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Track; 3. Gear plate; 301. Gear groove; 4. Active clamping plate; 5. Driven clamping plate; 6. Guide post; 7. Pressure plate; 701. Extrusion surface; 8. Support plate; 9. Limiting plate; 10. Pull plate; 11. Slide rod; 1101. Slider; 12. Pin; 13. Rocker arm; 14. Connector; 15. Slide post; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Large gear; 18. Small gear; 19. Key bar; 20. Keyway; 21. Elastic element; 22. Barb. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a mine car active braking mechanism includes a mine car sliding on a track 2. Specifically, the mine car mainly includes a frame 1, wheels mounted on the bottom of the frame 1 and cooperating with the track 2, and a bucket mounted on the top of the frame 1. In actual use, the mine car can travel on the track 2 through its own power mechanism or through an external traction component. In this invention, the latter provides power for the mine car to travel on the track 2. That is, multiple mine cars are connected in sequence by hooks, and winches are arranged at both ends of the track 2. The traction component (e.g., a steel wire rope) on the winch is connected to the hook on the mine car, thereby driving multiple sets of mine cars to travel along the track 2.

[0020] When a mine car goes uphill or downhill and the hook or traction component breaks, the mine car will "slip" and may cause an accident. Therefore, a braking mechanism is usually installed at the bottom of the mine car, and a toothed plate 3 that cooperates with the braking mechanism is installed between the two tracks 2. When the mine car loses speed due to "slipping", the braking mechanism will release and engage with the toothed plate 3, thereby locking the mine car on the track 2. This invention will describe the braking mechanism at the bottom of the mine car in detail.

[0021] The braking mechanism includes a pair of locking plates symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame 1. For ease of explanation, these two locking plates will be referred to as the active locking plate 4 and the driven locking plate 5, respectively. Figures 2-5As shown, the active locking plate 4 and the driven locking plate 5 are connected by a gear set, allowing them to deflect symmetrically about the vertical plane containing the centerline of the frame 1. A limit plate 9 is located at the bottom of the active locking plate 4, which maintains the active locking plate 4 in its initial state. Because the active locking plate 4 and the driven locking plate 5 are connected by a gear set, the driven locking plate 5 also maintains its initial stationary state. The swing arm 13 fixed to the inner side of the wheel engages with the limit plate 9 through an unlocking mechanism. When the mine car stalls, the wheel speed increases, causing the unlocking mechanism to pull the limit plate 9 to deflect, thus disengaging the limit plate 9 from the active locking plate 4. At this time, the active locking plate 4... Both the moving plate 4 and the driven plate 5 deflect downwards. The gear set is configured to control the forward plate along the forward direction to engage with the toothed plate 3 between the two tracks 2 when the mine car is going uphill in different directions. This allows the mine car to be stopped on the track 2 and prevents it from overturning. In summary, the two plates in this device are driven by the gear set, allowing them to share a single unlocking mechanism. This simplifies the overall structure of the bottom of the mine car. Furthermore, when the two plates are unlocked, the gear set automatically selects the forward plate along the forward direction to engage with the toothed plate 3, thus preventing the mine car from overturning and allowing it to be stopped smoothly on the track 2.

[0022] A pin 12 is provided on the limiting plate 9, passing through the limiting plate 9 and rotating with it via a bearing. The pin 12 is located on the outside of the active locking plate 4. The unlocking mechanism includes a slide rod 11, which can slide along the length of the mine car. A pull plate 10 is hinged between the slide rod 11 and the limiting plate 9. A swing rod 13, which cooperates with the slide rod 11, is fixedly provided at the inner side of the wheel. The swing rod 13 can contact the slide rod 11 and drive the slide rod 11 along the frame 1 during the rotation of the wheel. The direction of travel is shifted. Through this structure, when the mine car is towed and travels at a preset speed, the swing arm 13 pushes the slide bar 11 to the limit position, but it cannot cause the limiting plate 9 and the active locking plate 4 to be misaligned. When the mine car "slips downhill" and loses speed, the rotation speed of the swing arm 13 increases. During the process of the swing arm 13 hitting the slide bar 11, the slide bar 11 can move a long distance, thereby pulling the limiting plate 9 to deflect through the pull plate 10, so that the limiting plate 9 and the active locking plate 4 are misaligned. At this time, the active locking plate 4 and the driven locking plate 5 can deflect downward at the same time.

[0023] The gear set includes a large gear 17 and a small gear 18 respectively installed on both sides of the chuck plate. It should be noted that a rotating shaft 16 is provided at one end of the active chuck plate 4 near the driven chuck plate 5. The rotating shaft 16 passes through the active chuck plate 4 and is fixedly connected to it. The large gear 17 and the small gear 18 located on both sides of the active chuck plate 4 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 16. The large gear 17 and the small gear 18 located on both sides of the driven chuck plate 5 are rotatably engaged with the driven chuck plate 5. Furthermore, a clutch mechanism is provided at the end axis of the driven plate 5, and the large gear 17 and small gear 18 located on the driven plate 5 are movably sleeved on the outside of the clutch mechanism. The clutch mechanism is configured to achieve alternating locking of the large gear 17 and small gear 18 with the driven plate 5. Specifically, the clutch mechanism includes a slide column 15, and a key bar 19 is formed by the outward protrusion of the outer circumference of the slide column 15. The key bar 19 is arranged along the axial direction of the slide column 15 and can move synchronously with the slide column 15. The end of the driven plate 5 has a sliding opening for the slide column to slide. The column 15 passes through a through hole, and keyways 20 are provided on the inner walls of the large gear 17, the small gear 18, and the through hole. The key bar 19 slides in the keyway 20. With this structure, when the key bar 19 is embedded in the keyway 20 on the large gear 17 or the small gear 18, the large gear 17 or the small gear 18 can be locked to the driven plate 5. It should be noted that the small gear 18 on the active plate 4 meshes with the large gear 17 on the driven plate 5, and the large gear 17 on the active plate 4 meshes with the small gear 18 on the driven plate 5.

[0024] Combination Figures 3-5 As shown, in order to drive the sliding column 15 to slide, this design slidably mounts a pressure plate 7 on the frame 1. The pressure plate 7 can move along the length direction of the frame 1, and both ends of the pressure plate 7 extend downward to form mutually parallel pressing surfaces 701. The pressing surfaces 701 are arranged at an angle relative to the length direction of the frame 1, and both ends of the sliding column 15 are attached to the inner side of the pressing surfaces 701. Figures 2-6 As shown, when the mine car travels along Figure 2 When the mine car is going uphill in the indicated direction, the pressure plate 7 slides against the direction of travel relative to the frame 1, thereby pushing the sliding column 15, so that the key bar 19 engages with the keyway 20 on the large gear 17, thus locking the driven plate 5 with the large gear 17 on one side. At this time, when the mine car "slips downhill" and loses speed, the impact of the swing arm 13 on the sliding rod 11 can cause the limiting plate 9 to be misaligned with the active plate 4, causing the active plate 4 to deflect downward. The active plate 4, through the engagement of the small gear 18 on one side with the large gear 17 on the driven plate 5, can also cause the driven plate 5 to deflect downward at the same time. Since the diameter of the small gear 18 is smaller than the diameter of the large gear 17, this causes the active plate 4 to contact the toothed plate 3 first and engage with the toothed plate 3 before the driven plate 5. Figure 2It can be seen that when the active locking plate 4 and the toothed plate 3 engage first, the mine car is locked on the track 2, and the locking position between the active locking plate 4 and the toothed plate 3 is located at... Figure 2 The left side of the mine car is positioned to prevent it from tipping over; similarly, when the mine car is along... Figure 3 When moving uphill in the opposite direction as shown, the pressure plate 7 slides in the opposite direction relative to the frame 1. In this case, the pressure plate 7 can press the sliding column 15 so that the key bar 19 is embedded in the keyway 20 on the pinion 18, thereby locking the driven plate 5 with the pinion 18. When the driving plate 4 unlocks and deflects downward, the large gear 17 on the driving plate 4 meshes with the pinion 18 on the driven plate 5, allowing the driven plate 5 to deflect downward at a faster speed and engage with the gear plate 3 first. Figure 3 As can be seen, when the driven plate 5 engages with the toothed plate 3 first, it can lock the mine car on the track 2 and prevent it from overturning.

[0025] In summary, this device, through the cooperation of the pressure plate 7 and the clutch mechanism, enables the driven plate 5 to independently lock with the pinion 18 or the gear 17 during the uphill movement of the mine car in different directions. As a result, the plate is always engaged with the gear plate 3 on the side of the mine car that is moving forward, thereby maintaining the stability of the mine car and preventing it from overturning. The entire braking mechanism and unlocking mechanism are arranged at the bottom of the mine car, so as not to affect the connection of multiple sets of mine cars or the operation of the mine cars.

[0026] Of course, in addition to using the cooperation of the swing arm 13 and the slide bar 11 to unlock, an acceleration sensor can also be installed on the mine car, and an electric cylinder can be installed on the frame 1. The extension end of the electric cylinder is hinged to the pull plate 10, and the acceleration sensor and the electric cylinder are connected through a controller (such as a PLC or a microcontroller). When the mine car stalls, the acceleration sensor can control the electric cylinder to pull the pull plate 10 to unlock.

[0027] Combination Figures 1-5 As shown, the toothed plate 3 is arranged on the uphill section of the track 2, and multiple sets of tooth grooves 301 are evenly arranged on the top surface of the toothed plate 3. The opposite ends of the active clamping plate 4 and the driven clamping plate 5 extend downward to form barbs 22. The barbs 22 and the tooth grooves 301 can lock the mine car on the track 2. The barbs 22 on the clamping plate are located near the side of the frame 1. Through this arrangement, the clamping position of the clamping plate and the toothed plate 3 is as far away from the center of the frame 1 as possible, thereby further preventing the mine car from overturning.

[0028] Combination Figure 4 As shown, a guide post 6 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 via a base, and a guide strip is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure plate 7. The guide post 6 passes through the guide strip and slides with it, and a limit spring is provided between the guide strip and the base.

[0029] The limiting plate 9 is provided with support plates 8 at its top and bottom, so that the limiting plate 9 is sandwiched between the two support plates 8, thereby providing stable support for the limiting plate 9. The two support plates 8 are fixedly connected at their four corners by brackets, which are fixed to the frame 1. The top of the sliding rod 11 is rotatably connected to a slider 1101. A sliding frame is fixedly installed on the frame 1 by a support bracket. The slider 1101 slides in the sliding frame, and the guide rod fixed in the sliding frame passes through the slider 1101 and slides with it. It should be noted that springs are provided on both sides of the slider 1101, and the springs are located between the slider 1101 and the inner end face of the sliding frame. Through this structure, the limiting plate 9 can remain perpendicular to the active clamping plate 4 when the sliding rod 11 is not under force, thereby providing stable support for the active clamping plate 4. Of course, ball bearings can be installed on the limiting plate 9 to reduce the friction between it and the active clamping plate 4.

[0030] from Figure 5 As can be seen, the slide rod 11 passes through the pull plate 10 and rotates with it, while the pin fixed at the end of the pull plate 10 passes through the limiting plate 9 and rotates with the limiting plate 9. The pin shaft 12 passes through the support plate 8 and rotates with the support plate 8 through the bearing. During the process of the pull plate 10 pulling the limiting plate 9, the limiting plate 9 rotates around the pin shaft 12.

[0031] The driven plate 5 has an annular groove at its end, and an annular connector 14 is fitted at the annular groove. The driven plate 5 and the connector 14 are rotatably engaged, and the driven plate 5 can rotate around the axis of the connector 14. The connector 14 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 1.

[0032] In actual use, both the large gear 17 and the small gear 18 can be rotated and engaged with the driven plate 5 through bearings. Alternatively, an annular groove can be opened on the side of the driven plate 5, and the ends of the large gear 17 and the small gear 18 can be fixedly provided with convex rings that rotate and engage with the annular grooves. The cross-sections of the convex rings and the annular grooves are both T-shaped structures.

[0033] Reference Figure 10 As shown, both ends of the rotating shaft 16 are fitted with connecting plates, which are fixedly engaged with the frame 1. The end of the rotating shaft 16 extends into the stepped hole on the side of the connecting plate and rotates with the connecting plate. An elastic element 21 is provided between the rotating shaft 16 and the connecting plate to achieve elastic connection between the rotating shaft 16 and the connecting plate in its circumferential direction. Specifically, the elastic element 21 can be a coil spring or a torsion spring, and both ends of the elastic element 21 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 16 and the inner wall of the stepped hole.

[0034] The above-disclosed examples are merely preferred embodiments of this application, intended to facilitate understanding and implementation by those skilled in the art. However, they cannot be used to limit the scope of this application. Therefore, equivalent variations made within the scope of this application are still within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mine car active braking mechanism, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) is mounted on a track (2); A braking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the frame (1) and the braking mechanism cooperates with the toothed plate (3) between the two rails (2) to lock the stalled mine car on the rail (2). The braking mechanism includes an active locking plate (4) and a driven locking plate (5). A limit plate (9) is provided at the bottom of the active locking plate (4). The limit plate (9) is used to lock the active locking plate (4). A gear set is used to drive the active plate (4) and the driven plate (5); The clutch mechanism is configured such that when the limiting plate (9) releases the lock on the active plate (4), the active plate (4) can drive the driven plate (5) to deflect downward at different speeds during the transmission connection between the active plate (4) and the driven plate (5) through the gear set, so that the driven plate (5) can engage with the gear plate (3) first or later than the active plate (4).

2. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (1) is equipped with wheels that cooperate with the track (2). The swing rod (13) fixed on the wheel cooperates with the limiting plate (9) through an unlocking mechanism. When the mine car loses speed, the speed of the wheel increases, so that the unlocking mechanism can pull the limiting plate (9) to deflect so that the limiting plate (9) is misaligned with the active locking plate (4).

3. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting plate (9) is provided with a pin (12), which passes through the limiting plate (9) and rotates with it. The unlocking mechanism includes a slide rod (11), and a pull plate (10) is hinged between the slide rod (11) and the limiting plate (9). The swing rod (13) can contact the slide rod (11) and drive the slide rod (11) to move along the travel direction of the frame (1) during the rotation of the wheel.

4. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear set includes a large gear (17) and a small gear (18). The active plate (4) is provided with a rotating shaft (16) at one end near the driven plate (5). The large gear (17) and small gear (18) located on both sides of the active plate (4) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (16). The large gear (17) and small gear (18) located on both sides of the driven plate (5) are rotatably engaged with the driven plate (5), and the small gear (18) meshes with the large gear (17). The clutch mechanism is configured to achieve alternating locking of the large gear (17) and the small gear (18) with the driven plate (5).

5. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clutch mechanism includes a slide column (15), the outer circumference of which protrudes outward to form a key bar (19). Keyways (20) are provided on the inner wall of the large gear (17), the inner wall of the small gear (18), and the driven plate (5). The key bar (19) slides in the keyway (20).

6. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure plate (7) is slidably mounted on the frame (1). Both ends of the pressure plate (7) extend downward to form mutually parallel extrusion surfaces (701). The extrusion surfaces (701) are arranged at an angle relative to the length direction of the frame (1). Both ends of the sliding column (15) are attached to the inner side of the extrusion surfaces (701).

7. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotating shaft (16) are fitted with connecting plates, and the end of the rotating shaft (16) extends into the stepped hole on the side of the connecting plate and rotates with the connecting plate.

8. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 7, characterized in that: An elastic element (21) is provided between the rotating shaft (16) and the connecting plate to achieve elastic connection between the rotating shaft (16) and the connecting plate in its circumferential direction.

9. The active braking mechanism for a mining car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the toothed plate (3) is uniformly provided with multiple sets of tooth grooves (301), and the opposite ends of the active clamping plate (4) and the driven clamping plate (5) extend downward to form barbs (22) that cooperate with the tooth grooves (301).

10. A braking method using the active braking mechanism of a mine car as described in any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: when the mine car loses speed on the track (2), the wheel speed increases, and the limit plate (9) is deflected and offset from the active plate (4) by the cooperation of the swing rod (13) and the slide rod (11); during the downward deflection of the active plate (4), the driven plate (5) can be driven to deflect downward by the gear set at the same time; the driven plate (5) is selectively engaged with the small gear (18) or the large gear (17) by the clutch mechanism, so that the driven plate (5) can be engaged with the toothed plate (3) before or after the active plate (4), so that the mine car is locked on the track (2).

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