Reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism of raise boring machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of raise boring, in particular to a raise boring machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism which comprises a bearing seat, a plurality of radial holes extending in the radial direction of the bearing seat are formed in the bearing seat, a steel ball is arranged in each radial hole, and a steel ball mounting sliding block, a first spring and an adjusting sliding block are slidably mounted in each radial hole. An extension rod vertically extending downwards to the outside of the bearing seat is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block, an adjusting unit is arranged outside the bearing seat, an elastic positioning rod is elastically mounted in the mounting hole, and when the steel ball completely enters the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the mounting hole are located on the same straight line. According to the technical scheme, the extension rods on all the adjusting sliding blocks are synchronously driven through the adjusting unit, it can be guaranteed that the distances between the adjusting sliding blocks and the axis of the bearing base are consistent, the elastic positioning rods can be inserted into the positioning holes to fix the positions of the steel ball installation sliding blocks, and unnecessary collision between the steel balls and the grooves when the drill rod grooves rotate is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reverse drilling technology, specifically to an adaptive transmission mechanism for the reaming torque of a reverse drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] The reverse drilling construction process involves using a reverse drilling rig to drill a small-diameter pilot hole from top to bottom. The cuttings are then removed by using a well-washing medium through positive circulation. After the pilot hole is connected to the lower horizontal tunnel, the pilot hole drill bit is removed in the lower horizontal tunnel, and a large-diameter reaming drill bit is installed to ream the hole from bottom to top to form a wellbore of the designed diameter.

[0003] Chinese patent CN108775225A discloses a temporary support equipment and its installation process for borehole enlargement construction of fractured formations using a raise boring machine. The equipment includes a high-pressure spraying device, a diversion nozzle, a constant torque tightening mechanism, a temporary support material conveying drill rod, a lower clamping plate mechanism, and a temporary support nozzle. The constant torque tightening mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a steel ball, a jacking spring, and a jacking bolt. Structurally, the bearing seat has blind holes and through holes, and multiple limiting holes on its sidewalls. Each limiting hole consists of a bolt mounting hole, a spring mounting hole, and a steel ball limiting hole. The steel ball is partially embedded in the limiting hole and tightened by the spring and bolt. Under the pressure of the jacking spring, the steel ball is embedded in the limiting groove of the diversion conveying rod, transmitting torque to the temporary support material conveying drill rod and driving its rotation. In coal mine shaft enlargement construction, when formation fractures are developed, the drill rod may bear excessive torque due to sudden changes in rock resistance. The constant torque tightening mechanism can trigger slippage within 0.1 to 0.3 seconds, protecting the drill pipe. Afterwards, only the steel ball reset needs to be checked; there is no need to replace the entire drill pipe, significantly reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0004] However, the torque of this mechanism is adjusted by the bolts to regulate the pressure of the springs on the steel balls. Therefore, the depth of each bolt in the bolt mounting hole needs to be adjusted individually, which causes the spring force of each spring to cause deviations in the torque transmitted by the steel balls. This results in errors in the accuracy of the excess torque during actual use, making it impossible to disconnect the transmission connection between the bearing seat and the drill rod in a timely manner. Furthermore, since the spring force on the steel balls is always present, even after the steel balls are pressed into the steel ball limiting hole, they may still collide with the groove when the drill rod rotates to the steel ball limiting hole, causing damage to the steel balls. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to provide an adaptive transmission mechanism for the reaming torque of a raise boring machine, addressing the problems inherent in existing technologies.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine includes a support base for connecting a drive source. The support base has a blind mounting hole and a through mounting hole coaxially arranged within it. The through mounting hole contains several radial holes extending radially along the support base. Each radial hole contains a steel ball for insertion into a groove on the drill pipe surface. A steel ball mounting slider is slidably mounted within each radial hole, with the steel ball rotatably mounted at the end of the steel ball mounting slider facing the axis of the support base. A first spring and an adjusting slider are also provided within the radial holes. The adjusting slider is located at the end of the steel ball mounting slider away from the axis of the support base. The first spring elastically connects the steel ball mounting slider and the adjusting slider. The bottom of the adjusting slider... An extension rod extending vertically downwards is provided, passing through a first oblong hole at the bottom of the radial hole and extending to the outside of the support. The first oblong hole extends radially along the support. An adjustment unit is provided outside the support, connecting all the extension rods and driving them to move synchronously along the first oblong hole. The bottom of the steel ball mounting slider is provided with a vertical positioning hole, and the bottom of the radial hole is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole. An elastic positioning rod is elastically installed in the mounting hole. When the steel ball is fully inserted into the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the mounting hole are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider in the radial hole.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment unit includes a turntable rotatably mounted on a support base. The turntable has the same number of second oblong holes as the first oblong holes. The second oblong holes extend obliquely in the horizontal direction, and an extension rod passes through the first oblong holes and is inserted into the second oblong holes. A bushing is coaxially mounted on the turntable and fits outside the support base. Several spiral grooves are provided around the bushing. The adjustment unit also includes a movable collar coaxially mounted below the turntable and fits outside the bushing. The inner wall of the movable collar has a protruding column head with a diameter equal to the width of the spiral groove. The column head is inserted into the spiral groove. The movable collar moves along the axis of the turntable, causing the turntable to rotate, which in turn causes all the adjustment sliders to move synchronously.

[0008] Preferably, the movable collar is provided with a limiting groove surrounding the outer wall of the movable collar, and the adjustment unit also includes a threaded collar coaxially arranged with the movable collar. The movable collar is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the threaded collar through the limiting groove. The bearing seat is provided with threads on the outer wall of the mounting through hole, and the threaded collar is helically mounted on the thread of the bearing seat. When the threaded collar rotates, it drives the movable collar to move along the axis of the turntable.

[0009] Preferably, the top periphery of the movable collar is provided with several guide sleeves, and the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with several vertically downward extending guide rods, which are inserted into the guide sleeves.

[0010] Preferably, the width of the first oblong hole and the second oblong hole are equal to the diameter of the extension rod; a limiting head is coaxially provided at one end of the extension rod outside the bearing seat, the diameter of the limiting head is larger than the diameter of the extension rod, and the limiting head fits against the surface of the turntable.

[0011] Preferably, a first mounting cavity is coaxially provided below the mounting hole, the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, and the first mounting cavity is connected to the outside of the bearing seat; the diameter of the elastic positioning rod is not larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, and a first limiting ring is provided on the elastic positioning rod, the diameter of the first limiting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity, when the first limiting ring is in contact with the top of the first mounting cavity, the top end of the elastic positioning rod protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole; a second spring and a sealing bolt are also provided in the first mounting cavity, the sealing bolt is screwed on the bottom of the first mounting cavity, the second spring elastically connects the elastic positioning rod and the sealing bolt, and the elastic force of the second spring pushes the elastic positioning rod to move upward.

[0012] Preferably, the radial hole, the steel ball mounting slider, and the adjusting slider have rectangular cross-sectional shapes. The radial hole connects to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and a connecting hole with the same diameter as the steel ball is provided at the end of the radial hole facing the axis of the bearing seat.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning hole vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting slider, and a lifting column with the same height as the steel ball mounting slider is slidably installed inside the steel ball mounting slider. A second mounting cavity is provided on the upper side of the radial hole, extending along the length of the radial hole. The width of the second mounting cavity is not less than the diameter of the lifting column and less than the width of the radial hole. When the steel ball mounting slider moves to the point where the positioning hole and the mounting hole are on the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole and pushes the lifting column upward into the second mounting cavity. A reset pressure block is slidably installed inside the second mounting cavity. The reset pressure block is used to press the lifting column to make the elastic positioning rod enter the mounting hole.

[0014] Preferably, the reset block is provided with a plurality of vertically upward extending connecting rods. The connecting rods pass through the third waist-shaped hole provided on the upper side of the second mounting cavity and extend to the outside of the bearing seat. A top plate is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod outside the bearing seat. A third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The third spring elastically connects the top plate and the outer wall of the bearing seat. The elastic force of the third spring causes the reset block to fit against the top of the second mounting cavity. A lower pressure cylinder is coaxially installed on the outside of the bearing seat. When the lower pressure cylinder presses the top plate, it drives the reset block to move downward in the second mounting cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the radial hole, the second mounting cavity, and the third oblong hole extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and a sealing sleeve for sealing the radial hole, the second mounting cavity, and the third oblong hole is coaxially mounted on the bearing seat.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: Firstly, by synchronously driving the extension rods on all adjusting sliders through the adjustment unit, this invention ensures that the distance between each adjusting slider and the axis of the bearing seat is consistent, and that the pressure of each steel ball on the groove of the drill rod is consistent. This results in higher accuracy of the transmitted torque and allows for more precise and timely disconnection of the transmission connection between the bearing seat and the drill rod when the drill rod is subjected to excessive torque, effectively protecting the drill rod.

[0017] Secondly, when the steel ball fully enters the radial hole due to excess torque, the elastic positioning rod will insert into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider, avoiding unnecessary collision between the steel ball and the groove when the drill rod rotates, greatly reducing the probability of damage to the steel ball and extending its service life.

[0018] Thirdly, in this invention, the elastic positioning rod, under the elastic force of the second spring, passes through the mounting hole and inserts into the positioning hole, pushing the lifting column upward. The top of the lifting column enters the second mounting cavity, and by moving the reset block in the second mounting cavity, the limitation on the steel ball mounting slider can be released, allowing the steel ball to quickly return to the connecting hole and establish a transmission connection with the drill rod. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of a reverse drilling rig's reaming torque adaptive transmission mechanism in its first working state.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of section B.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an adaptive transmission mechanism for borehole reaming torque in a reverse drilling rig.

[0023] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural breakdown of an adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque in a raise boring machine. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point C.

[0025] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural breakdown of an adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque in a raise boring machine. Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 8 This is a front view of a reverse drilling rig's reaming torque adaptive transmission mechanism in its second working state.

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8Sectional view of the DD section.

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion at point E.

[0029] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Bearing seat; 11. Mounting blind hole; 12. Mounting through hole; 13. Radial hole; 131. First oblong hole; 132. Mounting hole; 133. First mounting cavity; 134. Connecting hole; 135. Second mounting cavity; 136. Third oblong hole; 137. Sealing sleeve; 14. Elastic positioning rod; 141. First limiting ring; 142. Second spring; 143. Sealing bolt; 15. Guide rod; 16. Reset pressure block; 161. Connecting rod; 162. 1. Top plate; 163. Third spring; 164. Lower pressure cylinder; 2. Steel ball; 21. Steel ball mounting slider; 211. Positioning hole; 212. Lifting column; 22. First spring; 23. Adjusting slider; 231. Extension rod; 232. Limiting head; 3. Adjusting unit; 31. Turntable; 311. Second waist-shaped hole; 312. Bushing; 313. Spiral inclined groove; 32. Moving collar; 321. Column head; 322. Limiting slot; 323. Guide sleeve; 33. Threaded collar. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 10 : An adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine includes a support base 1 for connecting a drive source. The support base 1 has a blind mounting hole 11 and a through mounting hole 12 coaxially arranged within it. The through mounting hole 12 has several radial holes 13 extending radially along the support base 1. Each radial hole 13 contains a steel ball 2 for insertion into a groove on the drill pipe surface. A steel ball mounting slider 21 is slidably mounted within each radial hole 13. The steel ball 2 is rotatably mounted at the end of the steel ball mounting slider 21 facing the axis of the support base 1. A first spring 22 and an adjusting slider 23 are also provided within each radial hole 13. The adjusting slider 23 is located at the end of the steel ball mounting slider 21 away from the axis of the support base 1. The first spring 22 elastically connects the steel ball mounting slider 21 and the adjusting slider 23. The bottom of the adjusting slider 23 has a vertically downward extending extension... The long rod 231 extends through the first waist-shaped hole 131 at the bottom of the radial hole 13 to the outside of the support seat 1. The first waist-shaped hole 131 extends radially along the support seat 1. An adjustment unit 3 is provided outside the support seat 1. The adjustment unit 3 connects all the extension rods 231 and drives the extension rods 231 to move synchronously along the first waist-shaped hole 131. The bottom of the steel ball mounting slider 21 is provided with a vertical positioning hole 211. The bottom of the radial hole 13 is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole 132. An elastic positioning rod 14 is elastically installed in the mounting hole 132. When the steel ball 2 is completely inserted into the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 and the axis of the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21 in the radial hole 13.

[0032] In this embodiment, the support seat 1 is connected to the drive source. Due to the action of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 drives the steel ball 2 to move towards the axis of the support seat 1, so that part of the steel ball 2 extends out of the radial hole 13, ready to engage with the groove on the drill rod surface. In this embodiment, through the adjustment unit 3, all extension rods 231 can be driven to move along the first waist-shaped hole 131 synchronously. When the adjustment slider 23 moves, it compresses or stretches the first spring 22, thereby adjusting the length of the steel ball 2 extending out of the radial hole 13 and the pressure on the drill rod groove, thus setting the torque value required for transmission. When the drive source drives the support seat 1 to rotate, the steel ball 2 is embedded in the groove on the drill rod surface, transmitting torque to the drill rod to achieve normal hole enlargement operation. When the formation fractures develop and the drill rod bears excessive torque, the force of the drill rod on the steel ball 2 increases. When this force exceeds the set elastic force of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 22 and slides away from the axis of the bearing seat 1. The steel ball 2 gradually exits from the drill rod groove, and the transmission connection between the bearing seat 1 and the drill rod is released, thus protecting the drill rod from damage. When the steel ball 2 is fully inserted into the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 and the axis of the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 under its own elastic force, fixing the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21 in the radial hole 13, maintaining the state of released transmission connection, preventing the steel ball 2 from moving back into the drill rod groove, and avoiding collision damage between the steel ball 2 and the drill rod. In the prior art, the installation depth of each bolt needs to be adjusted individually, which causes the torque transmitted by the steel ball 2 to deviate due to the elastic force of each first spring 22. This design, through the synchronous driving of the extension rods 231 on all adjusting sliders 23 by the adjusting unit 3, ensures that the distance between each adjusting slider 23 and the axis of the bearing seat 1 is consistent, and that the pressure of each steel ball 2 on the drill rod groove is consistent. This results in higher torque transmission accuracy and allows for more accurate and timely disconnection of the transmission connection between the bearing seat 1 and the drill rod when the drill rod is subjected to excessive torque, effectively protecting the drill rod. In this embodiment, when the steel ball 2 fully enters the radial hole 13 due to excessive torque, the elastic positioning rod 14 inserts into the positioning hole 211 to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21, preventing the steel ball 2 from colliding with the groove again when the drill rod groove rotates, greatly reducing the probability of damage to the steel ball 2 and extending its service life.

[0033] To address the issue of how to synchronously move all the adjusting sliders 23 via the adjusting unit 3, the following features are specifically designed: The adjustment unit 3 includes a turntable 31 rotatably mounted on the support base 1. The turntable 31 has the same number of second waist-shaped holes 311 as the first waist-shaped holes 131. The second waist-shaped holes 311 extend obliquely in the horizontal direction. An extension rod 231 passes through the first waist-shaped holes 131 and is inserted into the second waist-shaped holes 311. A bushing 312 is coaxially mounted on the turntable 31 and is fitted outside the support base 1. The bushing 312 has several spiral grooves 313 around its periphery. The adjustment unit 3 also includes a movable collar 32 coaxially mounted below the turntable 31 and is fitted outside the bushing 312. The inner wall of the movable collar 32 has a protruding column head 321. The diameter of the column head 321 is equal to the width of the spiral groove 313. The column head 321 is inserted into the spiral groove 313. The movable collar 32 moves along the axis of the turntable 31, causing the turntable 31 to rotate, which in turn causes all the adjustment sliders 23 to move synchronously.

[0034] In this embodiment, the turntable 31 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the support base 1, the bushing 312 is coaxially mounted on the turntable 31 and sleeved outside the support base 1, and the movable collar 32 is sleeved outside the bushing 312. At this time, the extension rod 231 passes through the first oblong hole 131 and is inserted into the second oblong hole 311, and the column head 321 on the movable collar 32 is inserted into the spiral groove 313 provided on the bushing 312. When the movable collar 32 moves along the axis of the turntable 31, since the column head 321 is inserted into the spiral groove 313, the axial movement of the movable collar 32 is converted into the rotational movement of the turntable 31. As the turntable 31 rotates, the position of the second oblong hole 311 on it changes. The force generated by the movement of the second waist-shaped hole 311 on the extension rod 231 causes the extension rod 231 to move synchronously along the first waist-shaped hole 131, thereby pushing the adjusting slider 23 to move within the radial hole 13, compressing or stretching the first spring 22, and realizing the synchronous adjustment of the length of the steel ball 2 extending out of the radial hole 13 and the pressure on the drill rod groove, ultimately achieving the purpose of setting the torque value required for transmission.

[0035] To address the issue of fixing the position of the movable collar 32, the following features were specifically designed: The movable collar 32 is provided with a limiting groove 322 surrounding the outer wall of the movable collar 32. The adjustment unit 3 also includes a threaded collar 33 coaxially arranged with the movable collar 32. The movable collar 32 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the threaded collar 33 through the limiting groove 322. The bearing seat 1 is provided with a thread on the outer wall of the mounting through hole 12. The threaded collar 33 is spirally mounted on the thread of the bearing seat 1. When the threaded collar 33 rotates, it drives the movable collar 32 to move along the axis of the turntable 31.

[0036] When it is necessary to adjust the position of the movable collar 32 to achieve synchronous adjustment of the adjusting slider 23, the threaded collar 33 is rotated. Since the threaded collar 33 is connected to the bearing seat 1 by threads, the rotation of the threaded collar 33 will cause it to move axially along the thread of the bearing seat 1. Because the movable collar 32 is rotatably mounted on the threaded collar 33, the axial movement of the threaded collar 33 will drive the movable collar 32 to move along the axis of the turntable 31. The movement of the movable collar 32, in turn, through the cooperation of the column head 321 and the helical groove 313, causes the turntable 31 to rotate, ultimately achieving synchronous adjustment of the extension rod 231 and the adjusting slider 23.

[0037] To ensure that the column head 321 of the movable collar 32 moves vertically during lifting and lowering, thereby driving the bushing 312 to rotate, the following features are specifically provided: The top periphery of the movable collar 32 is provided with several guide sleeves 323, and the bottom of the bearing seat 1 is provided with several vertically downward extending guide rods 15, which are inserted into the guide sleeves 323.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the threaded collar 33 is rotated, causing the movable collar 32 to move along the axis of the turntable 31, the guide sleeve 323 moves synchronously on the guide rod 15. Since the guide rod 15 extends vertically downwards, the guide sleeve 323 can only move along the axial direction of the guide rod 15, i.e., in the vertical direction. This ensures that the head 321 of the movable collar 32 always moves in the vertical direction during the lifting and lowering process. As the movable collar 32 moves vertically, the head 321 slides in the helical groove 313, thereby driving the bushing 312 to rotate. The rotation of the bushing 312 will cause the turntable 31 to rotate, ultimately achieving synchronous adjustment of the extension rod 231 and the adjusting slider 23.

[0039] To ensure that the rotation of the turntable 31 can drive the adjusting slider 23 to move stably and that the extension rod 231 on the adjusting slider 23 is always located within the second oblong hole 311 of the turntable 31, the following features are specifically provided: The width of the first oblong hole 131 and the second oblong hole 311 is equal to the diameter of the extension rod 231; a limiting head 232 is coaxially provided at one end of the extension rod 231 located outside the bearing seat 1, the diameter of the limiting head 232 is greater than the diameter of the extension rod 231, and the limiting head 232 fits against the surface of the turntable 31.

[0040] In this embodiment, the limiting head 232 effectively prevents the extension rod 231 from disengaging from the second oblong hole 311. Since the widths of the first oblong hole 131 and the second oblong hole 311 are equal to the diameter of the extension rod 231, the position of the extension rod 231 within the holes is relatively fixed, preventing excessive horizontal swaying. When the extension rod 231 moves within the second oblong hole 311 as the turntable 31 rotates, the constraint of the first oblong hole 131 and the second oblong hole 311 on the extension rod 231 in the horizontal direction restricts its movement, allowing it to move only along the direction of the first oblong hole 131, thereby causing the adjusting slider 23 to move stably within the radial hole 13.

[0041] To achieve the goal of quickly inserting the elastic positioning rod 14 into the positioning hole 211 when the steel ball mounting slider 211 moves to a position above the mounting hole 132, the following features are specifically provided: A first mounting cavity 133 is coaxially disposed below the mounting hole 132. The inner diameter of the first mounting cavity 133 is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132. The first mounting cavity 133 is connected to the outside of the bearing seat 1. The diameter of the elastic positioning rod 14 is not larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132. A first limiting ring 141 is disposed on the elastic positioning rod 14. The diameter of the first limiting ring 141 is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity 133. When the first limiting ring 141 is in contact with the top of the first mounting cavity 133, the top end of the elastic positioning rod 14 protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole 13. A second spring 142 and a sealing bolt 143 are also disposed in the first mounting cavity 133. The sealing bolt 143 is spirally installed at the bottom of the first mounting cavity 133. The second spring 142 elastically connects the elastic positioning rod 14 and the sealing bolt 143. The elastic force of the second spring 142 pushes the elastic positioning rod 14 to move upward.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves within the radial hole 13 under the action of an external force, the positioning hole 211 moves accordingly. When the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to a position where the positioning hole 211 is above the mounting hole 132, the elastic positioning rod 14 maintains an upward trend under the elastic force of the second spring 142, and since the diameter of the elastic positioning rod 14 is not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132, the elastic positioning rod 14 can quickly pass through the mounting hole 132 and be inserted into the positioning hole 211, thus completing the positioning of the steel ball mounting slider 21. The operator can adjust the upward elastic force of the elastic positioning rod 14 by rotating the sealing bolt 143. Tightening the sealing bolt 143 will further compress the second spring 142, increasing its elastic force; unscrewing the sealing bolt 143 will reduce the compression of the second spring 142, reducing its elastic force.

[0043] To address the issue of ensuring that the mounting hole 132 is always positioned on the moving path of the positioning hole 211, the following features are specifically designed: The radial hole 13, the steel ball mounting slider 21 and the adjusting slider 23 have a rectangular longitudinal section. The radial hole 13 is connected to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. The end of the radial hole 13 facing the axis of the bearing seat 1 is provided with a connecting hole 134 with the same diameter as the steel ball 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, since the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the radial hole 13, the steel ball mounting slider 21, and the adjusting slider 23 is rectangular, the steel ball mounting slider 21 and the adjusting slider 23 can only move in a specific direction within the radial hole 13, that is, they can only move linearly within the rectangular space defined by the radial hole 13. This ensures that the mounting hole 132 is always located on the movement path of the positioning hole 211, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of positioning. A connecting hole 134 with the same diameter as the steel ball 2 is provided at one end of the radial hole 13 facing the axis of the bearing seat 1. After the steel ball 2 is installed on the steel ball mounting slider 21, it can just extend partially out of the radial hole 13 through the connecting hole 134 and engage with the groove on the drill rod surface.

[0045] To address the issue of how to release the limiting effect on the steel ball mounting slider 21 and restore the steel ball 2 to its initial position, the following features were specifically designed: The positioning hole 211 vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting slider 21. A lifting column 212 with the same height as the steel ball mounting slider 21 is slidably installed inside the steel ball mounting slider 21. A second mounting cavity 135 is provided on the upper side of the radial hole 13. The second mounting cavity 135 extends along the length of the radial hole 13. The width of the second mounting cavity 135 is not less than the diameter of the lifting column 212 and less than the width of the radial hole 13. When the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to the point where the positioning hole 211 and the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 and pushes the lifting column 212 upward into the second mounting cavity 135. A reset pressure block 16 is slidably installed inside the second mounting cavity 135. The reset pressure block 16 is used to press the lifting column 212 to make the elastic positioning rod 14 enter the mounting hole 132.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to a position where the positioning hole 211 and the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod 14, under the action of the second spring 142, passes through the mounting hole 132 and inserts into the positioning hole 211, pushing the lifting column 212 upward. As the lifting column 212 moves upward, its top enters the second mounting cavity 135. At this time, the steel ball mounting slider 21 is limited by the elastic positioning rod 14 and remains in its current position. When it is necessary to release the limitation on the steel ball mounting slider 21 and restore the steel ball 2 to its initial position, the reset block 16 presses the lifting column 212 downward in the second mounting cavity 135. After being pressed, the lifting column 212 moves downward, and the elastic positioning rod 14, under the reaction force of the lifting column 212, overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 142, gradually withdrawing from the positioning hole 211 and entering the mounting hole 132. At this time, the limit of the steel ball mounting slider 21 is released, and under the elastic force of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 can drive the steel ball 2 to move to the initial position. In this embodiment, the limit of the steel ball mounting slider 21 is released by the reset pressure block 16, so that the steel ball 2 can be quickly reset to the connecting hole 134 to make transmission connection to the drill rod.

[0047] To address the issue of how to move all the reset blocks 16 simultaneously to unlock all the steel ball mounting sliders 21, the following features were specifically designed: The reset block 16 is provided with several vertically upward extending connecting rods 161. The connecting rods 161 pass through the third waist-shaped hole 136 provided on the upper side of the second mounting cavity 135 and extend to the outside of the bearing seat 1. A top plate 162 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 161 outside the bearing seat 1. A third spring 163 is sleeved on the connecting rod 161. The third spring 163 elastically connects the top plate 162 and the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. The elastic force of the third spring 163 makes the reset block 16 fit against the top of the second mounting cavity 135. A lower pressure cylinder 164 is coaxially installed on the outside of the bearing seat 1. The lower pressure cylinder 164 presses the top plate 162, causing the reset block 16 to move downward in the second mounting cavity 135.

[0048] In this embodiment, when all the steel ball mounting sliders 21 need to be unlocked simultaneously, the pressure cylinder 164 is pushed downwards. During this downward movement, the pressure cylinder 164 presses against the top plate 162. Under pressure, the top plate 162, via the connecting rod 161, causes all the reset blocks 16 to move downwards synchronously within the second mounting cavity 135. When the unlocking operation is complete and the reset blocks 16 need to return to their initial positions, the pressure cylinder 164 is moved upwards, so that it no longer presses against the top plate 162. At this time, the elastic force of the third spring 163 takes effect, pushing the top plate 162 upwards. The top plate 162, via the connecting rod 161, causes the reset blocks 16 to move upwards synchronously, and the reset blocks 16 re-fit against the top of the second mounting cavity 135, releasing space for the subsequent upward movement of the lifting column 212 and preparing for the next limit release operation. The movement of the pressure cylinder 164 can be achieved manually or with a linear actuator.

[0049] To facilitate the installation of the steel ball mounting slider 21, the first spring 22, the adjusting slider 23, and the reset pressure block 16, the following features are specifically designed: The radial hole 13, the second mounting cavity 135 and the third waist-shaped hole 136 extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. A sealing sleeve 137 for sealing the radial hole 13, the second mounting cavity 135 and the third waist-shaped hole 136 is coaxially mounted on the bearing seat 1.

[0050] Since the radial hole 13, the second mounting cavity 135, and the third oblong hole 136 extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1, before installing components such as the steel ball mounting slider 21, the first spring 22, the adjusting slider 23, and the reset pressure block 16, the operator can directly insert these components into the corresponding radial holes 13 and the second mounting cavities 135 from the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. After all components are installed, the sealing sleeve 137 is coaxially installed onto the bearing seat 1. The sealing sleeve 137 covers the openings of the radial hole 13, the second mounting cavity 135, and the third oblong hole 136, acting as a seal to prevent internal components from coming out, while also making the entire structure more compact and complete.

[0051] Working principle: The support seat 1 is connected to the drive source. Due to the action of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 drives the steel ball 2 to move towards the axis of the support seat 1, so that part of the steel ball 2 extends out of the radial hole 13, ready to engage with the groove on the surface of the drill rod. The adjustment unit 3 synchronously drives all extension rods 231 to move along the first oblong hole 131. When the adjustment slider 23 moves, it compresses or stretches the first spring 22, thereby adjusting the pressure of the steel ball 2 on the groove of the drill rod, and thus setting the torque value required for transmission. When the drive source drives the support seat 1 to rotate, the steel ball 2 is embedded in the groove on the surface of the drill rod, transmitting the torque to the drill rod to achieve normal hole enlargement operation. When the formation fractures develop and the drill rod bears excessive torque, the force of the drill rod on the steel ball 2 increases. When this force exceeds the elastic force set by the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 22 and slides away from the axis of the bearing seat 1. The steel ball 2 gradually exits from the drill rod groove. When the steel ball 2 is completely inserted into the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 and the axis of the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 under its own elastic force, fixing the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21 in the radial hole 13 and maintaining the state of disengaged transmission connection.

[0052] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reaming rig reaming torque adaptive transmission mechanism, comprising a bearing seat for connecting a drive source, wherein the bearing seat is coaxially provided with a blind mounting hole and a through mounting hole, and the through mounting hole is provided with a plurality of radial holes extending radially along the bearing seat, each radial hole being provided with a steel ball for insertion into a groove on the surface of a drill pipe, characterized in that, A steel ball mounting slider is slidably installed in the radial hole. The steel ball is rotatably installed at one end of the steel ball mounting slider facing the axis of the bearing seat. A first spring and an adjusting slider are also provided in the radial hole. The adjusting slider is located at the end of the steel ball mounting slider away from the axis of the bearing seat. The first spring elastically connects the steel ball mounting slider and the adjusting slider. The bottom of the adjusting slider is provided with a vertically downward extending extension rod. The extension rod passes through the first waist-shaped hole provided at the bottom of the radial hole and extends to the outside of the support seat. The first waist-shaped hole extends radially along the support seat. An adjusting unit is provided outside the support seat. The adjusting unit connects all the extension rods and drives the extension rods to move synchronously along the first waist-shaped hole. The bottom of the steel ball mounting slider is provided with a vertical positioning hole, and the bottom of the radial hole is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole. An elastic positioning rod is elastically installed in the mounting hole. When the steel ball is completely inserted into the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the mounting hole are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider in the radial hole.

2. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment unit includes a turntable rotatably mounted on a support base. The turntable is provided with a number of second oblong holes equal to the number of first oblong holes. The second oblong holes extend obliquely in the horizontal direction, and an extension rod passes through the first oblong holes and is inserted into the second oblong holes. A bushing is coaxially mounted on the turntable, and the bushing is fitted outside the bearing seat. Several spiral grooves are provided around the bushing. The adjustment unit also includes a movable collar coaxially disposed below the turntable. The movable collar is sleeved outside the bushing, and the inner wall of the movable collar is provided with a protruding column head. The diameter of the column head is equal to the width of the spiral groove. The column head is inserted into the spiral groove. The movable collar drives the turntable to rotate along the axis of the turntable, thereby driving all the adjustment sliders to move synchronously.

3. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable collar is provided with a limiting groove surrounding the outer wall of the movable collar, and the adjustment unit also includes a threaded collar coaxially arranged with the movable collar. The movable collar is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the threaded collar through the limiting groove. The bearing seat is provided with threads on the outer wall of the mounting through hole. The threaded collar is helically installed on the thread of the bearing seat. When the threaded collar rotates, it drives the movable collar to move along the axis of the turntable.

4. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top periphery of the movable collar is provided with several guide sleeves, and the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with several vertically downward extending guide rods, which are inserted into the guide sleeves.

5. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The widths of the first and second oblong holes are equal to the diameter of the extension rod; A limiting head is coaxially installed at one end of the extension rod outside the bearing seat. The diameter of the limiting head is larger than the diameter of the extension rod, and the limiting head is in contact with the surface of the turntable.

6. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first mounting cavity is coaxially provided below the mounting hole. The inner diameter of the first mounting cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, and the first mounting cavity is connected to the outside of the bearing seat. The diameter of the elastic positioning rod is not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole. A first limiting ring is provided on the elastic positioning rod. The diameter of the first limiting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity. When the first limiting ring is in contact with the top of the first mounting cavity, the top of the elastic positioning rod protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole. The first mounting cavity is also equipped with a second spring and a sealing bolt. The sealing bolt is screwed on the bottom of the first mounting cavity. The second spring elastically connects the elastic positioning rod and the sealing bolt. The elastic force of the second spring pushes the elastic positioning rod to move upward.

7. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial hole, the steel ball mounting slider, and the adjusting slider have rectangular longitudinal cross-sectional shapes. The radial hole connects to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and a connecting hole with the same diameter as the steel ball is provided at the end of the radial hole facing the axis of the bearing seat.

8. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning hole vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting slider. A lifting column with the same height as the steel ball mounting slider is slidably installed inside the steel ball mounting slider. A second mounting cavity is provided on the upper side of the radial hole. The second mounting cavity extends along the length of the radial hole. The width of the second mounting cavity is not less than the diameter of the lifting column and is less than the width of the radial hole. When the steel ball mounting slider moves to the point where the positioning hole and the mounting hole are on the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole and pushes the lifting column upward into the second mounting cavity. A reset pressure block is slidably installed in the second mounting cavity. The reset pressure block is used to press the lifting column to make the elastic positioning rod enter the mounting hole.

9. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reset block is provided with several vertically upward extending connecting rods. The connecting rods pass through the third waist-shaped hole provided on the upper side of the second mounting cavity and extend to the outside of the bearing seat. A top plate is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod outside the bearing seat. A third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The third spring elastically connects the top plate and the outer wall of the bearing seat. The elastic force of the third spring makes the reset block fit against the top of the second mounting cavity. A pressure cylinder is coaxially mounted on the outside of the bearing seat. The pressure cylinder presses against the top plate, causing the reset block to move downward in the second mounting cavity.

10. The adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a raise boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The radial hole, the second mounting cavity, and the third oblong hole extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and a sealing sleeve for sealing the radial hole, the second mounting cavity, and the third oblong hole is coaxially mounted on the bearing seat.

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