Layered multi-medium drinking water purifying device and system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-medium drinking water purifying device and system based on layering, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment.The multi-medium drinking water purifying device comprises a tank body, an upper partition plate, a middle partition plate and a lower partition plate are sequentially arranged in the tank body from top to bottom, and a water purifying cavity is defined by the upper partition plate and the inner top of the tank body. Through the independent layered design and serial arrangement of the quartz sand filter cavity, the activated carbon filter cavity and the medical stone filter cavity, the gradient arrangement of the filler with the particle size gradually reduced from bottom to top is matched, and the water conveying direction from bottom to top is combined, so that the problem of filter material migration and mixing caused by water flow impact and backwashing of a traditional single-tank mixed filling filter material is structurally and thoroughly avoided; each filtering cavity independently has a specific filtering function, the quartz sand intercepts suspended matters, the activated carbon adsorbs organic matters and peculiar smell, the medical stone removes micro pollutants and mineralizes the micro pollutants, the filtering interface is clear and stable, an ideal reverse granularity filtering state is always maintained, the filtering period is effectively prolonged, the backwashing energy consumption is reduced, and the stability of the effluent quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water purification device, and more particularly to a stratified multi-media drinking water purification device. It also relates to a water purification system, and more particularly to a stratified multi-media drinking water purification system, belonging to the field of water treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-media filters, as core equipment in drinking water purification, are widely used in municipal water supply, rural safe drinking water, and industrial pure water pretreatment due to their simple structure and stable operation. These devices fill the tank with filter media of different types and particle sizes, such as quartz sand, activated carbon, zeolite, and garnet. Utilizing the synergistic effect of mechanical interception, physical adsorption, and chemical adsorption of the filter media layer, they efficiently remove suspended solids, colloidal particles, natural organic matter, odor substances, and some trace pollutants from the raw water, ensuring water quality for subsequent advanced treatment or direct drinking.

[0003] However, existing multi-media filters directly mix and fill multiple filter media into the same tank. Although designed according to the "reverse particle size" principle—that is, the upper layer is composed of large-particle, low-density filter media and the lower layer is composed of small-particle, high-density filter media—during long-term operation and backwashing, due to the inherent differences in density and particle size of different filter media, filter particles are prone to migration and mixing. This leads to a blurring of the originally clear filtration interface, disrupting the ideal "reverse particle size" filtration state. This not only reduces the filter layer's ability to classify and retain pollutants of different particle sizes but also accelerates the clogging rate of the filter layer, increases backwashing energy consumption, and seriously affects the equipment's filtration cycle. To address the issue of insufficient single-tank processing capacity and maintain effluent quality stability, existing technologies have developed multi-tank filtration systems with different tanks filled with specialized filter media to perform specific filtration functions. However, this approach faces a core challenge with backwashing: if backwashing is performed while the system is shut down, it requires a long cleaning time and results in significant fluctuations in water output, making it unsuitable for scenarios with high requirements for water supply stability; if backwashing is performed without shutting down the system, a spare tank must be configured for each functional tank to maintain filtration functionality, which undoubtedly increases the costs of equipment purchase, installation, and floor space, as well as the complexity of the system structure and the difficulty of maintenance.

[0004] To address these issues, a stratified multi-media drinking water purification device and system were designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a layered, multi-media drinking water purification device and system. Through the independent layered design and series arrangement of quartz sand filter chambers, activated carbon filter chambers, and maifan stone filter chambers, coupled with a gradually decreasing particle size packing gradient from bottom to top and a bottom-up water flow direction, the structure completely avoids the problem of filter media migration and mixing caused by water flow impact and backwashing in traditional single-tank mixed-fill filter media. Each filter chamber independently performs a specific filtration function: quartz sand intercepts suspended solids, activated carbon adsorbs organic matter and odors, and maifan stone removes and mineralizes trace pollutants. The filtration interface is clear and stable, maintaining an ideal reverse particle filtration state, effectively extending the filtration cycle, reducing backwashing energy consumption, and ensuring the stability of the effluent water quality. A drive motor rotates the filter column, in conjunction with a backwash pump. The system extracts purified water from the purification chamber to specifically flush the target filtration chamber, while the other two filtration chambers maintain normal filtration. This avoids the water supply interruption problem caused by backwashing during shutdowns in traditional multi-tank systems. Furthermore, for filtrate missing from a single filtration stage during backwashing, it is collected in real time by a collection and replenishment filtration mechanism. After all backwashing is completed, the raw water inlet pipe is only paused for a very short time. The filtration process corresponding to this portion of filtrate is only one-third of the entire water purification process. Without interrupting the purified water output, the collected filtrate can be delivered to the corresponding filtration chamber to complete the replenishment filtration, ensuring that all water undergoes full-process filtration. This avoids the risk of incomplete filtration caused by backwashing without shutdown and ensures continuous water supply. In addition, there is no need to set up an additional spare tank, simplifying the system structure and reducing equipment purchase, installation, and floor space costs.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: A stratified multi-media drinking water purification device includes: The tank body has an upper partition, a middle partition and a lower partition arranged from top to bottom inside the tank body. The upper partition and the inner top of the tank body form a clean water chamber. The top of the tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe that is connected to the clean water chamber. The filter column is rotatably installed between the middle partition and the upper partition. The filter column has four independent chambers arranged circumferentially inside, namely the quartz sand filter chamber, the activated carbon filter chamber, the maifan stone filter chamber and the switching chamber. The three sets of filter chambers are arranged in series, and the water flow direction inside the three sets of filter chambers is from bottom to top. The raw water conveying structure includes a raw water inlet pipe located in the middle of the side of the tank, which is used to convey raw water to three filter chambers connected in series. The flow guiding mechanism is located between the upper partition and the middle partition. It is used to connect the three adjacent chambers in series and discharge filtered water, backwash waste liquid and filtered liquid that is missing from the filtration process, respectively. The backwashing structure includes a backwashing pump installed at the front end of the upper partition. The input end of the backwashing pump is connected to the inside of the clean water chamber, and the output end of the backwashing pump can selectively connect to four independent chambers individually. The collection and replenishment filter mechanism is located between the middle partition and the lower partition, and is used to collect the filtered liquid that is missing from the corresponding filtration stage during backwashing. The drive mechanism is located inside the tank and is used to drive the filter column and the collection and replenishment filter mechanism to rotate synchronously. The maifan stone filter chamber is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber when it is in the top filtration state.

[0007] Preferably, the particle size of the filter media gradually decreases along the water conveyance direction of the corresponding chamber. The filter media in the quartz sand filter chamber is quartz sand with a bottom particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm and a top particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm. The filter media in the activated carbon filter chamber is granular activated carbon with a bottom particle size of 1.0-1.5 mm and a top particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm. The filter media in the maifan stone filter chamber is maifan stone granules with a bottom particle size of 0.6-1.0 mm and a top particle size of 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism includes a first flow guiding channel, a three-way valve one, a first U-shaped tube, a second flow guiding channel, a three-way valve two, a second U-shaped tube, a three-way valve three, an outlet pipe, a wastewater discharge pipe, and a third flow guiding channel; The first guide channel is vertically opened between the quartz sand filter chamber and the activated carbon filter chamber. A three-way valve is located on one side of the bottom of the upper partition. The inlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the top of the quartz sand filter chamber, the top outlet end is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber, and the bottom outlet end is connected to the top of the first guide channel. The first U-shaped tube is opened at the top of the middle partition plate, and the two ends of the first U-shaped tube are respectively connected to the bottom end of the first guide groove and the bottom end of the activated carbon filter chamber. The second guide channel is vertically opened between the activated carbon filter chamber and the maifan stone filter chamber. The three-way valve is located at the bottom of the upper partition. The inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the top of the activated carbon filter chamber, the top outlet is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber, and the bottom outlet is connected to the top of the second guide channel. The second U-shaped tube is opened at the top of the middle partition plate, and the two ends of the second U-shaped tube are respectively connected to the bottom end of the second guide groove and the bottom end of the maifan stone filter cavity. The three-way valve is located at the bottom of the upper partition and directly above the maifan stone filter chamber. The top output end of the three-way valve is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber, the water inlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the top of the maifan stone filter chamber, and the side output end of the three-way valve is connected to an outlet pipe. The third guide channels are symmetrically opened at both ends of the switching cavity, and the two sets of third guide channels, the first guide channel, and the second guide channel are located on the same ring. The wastewater discharge pipe is located at the front end inside the middle partition and faces the output end of the backwash pump. One end of the wastewater discharge pipe extends to the outside of the tank to discharge backwash waste liquid.

[0009] Preferably, the collection and filtration mechanism includes a collection column, a collection tank, a circulating water pump, a circulating pipe, a delivery pipe, and a solenoid valve; The collection column is rotatably installed between the middle partition and the lower partition, and the shaft passes through the axis of the collection column and is fixedly connected to the collection column. The collection trough is opened circumferentially at the top of the collection column and corresponds to the quartz sand filter chamber, activated carbon filter chamber, and maifan stone filter chamber. A circulating water pump is located at the bottom of each collection tank, and a circulation pipe is connected to the output end of the circulating water pump, which extends to the top of the collection column. The delivery pipe is located at the bottom of the middle partition and directly opposite the circulation pipe. The solenoid valve is connected in series with the delivery pipe. The top of the delivery pipe is connected to the raw water inlet pipe, the first U-shaped pipe, and the second U-shaped pipe respectively. The bottom end of the outlet pipe extends to the inner bottom of the middle partition and is set to correspond to the rotation path of the collection tank.

[0010] Preferably, the top and bottom ends of the filter column, located on the outer side of the four chambers, are provided with annular grooves, and sealing rings are provided in the annular grooves. The sealing rings are respectively slidably sealed with the lower surface of the upper partition and the upper surface of the middle partition.

[0011] Preferably, a turbidity sensor is fixedly installed in the water purification chamber, and the turbidity sensor is electrically connected to the backwash pump and the drive motor. A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed in each collection tank, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the circulating water pump and the solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the quartz sand filter chamber, activated carbon filter chamber, and maifan stone filter chamber are all equipped with a fixed isolation net. The isolation net is filled with filter media that is compatible with the corresponding chamber. The isolation net is a double-layer stainless steel woven mesh. The pore size of the isolation net is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the smallest particle size filter media in the corresponding chamber. The edge of the isolation net is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding chamber. The upper and lower surfaces of the isolation net are both fixed with a support frame.

[0013] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor installed at the bottom of the lower partition, a shaft installed at the output end of the drive motor, the top end of the shaft passing through the lower partition, the collection and filtration mechanism and the middle partition in sequence and then fixedly connected to the filter column, the shaft and the collection column are connected by a flat key, the shaft and the filter column are connected by a spline, mechanical seals are provided at the connection points of the shaft and the lower partition and the middle partition, and a wear-resistant sealing gasket is provided between the top end of the collection column and the lower surface of the middle partition.

[0014] Preferably, an annular sealing sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the tank and the outer wall of the filter column. The material of the annular sealing sleeve is water-resistant fluororubber. An electric shut-off valve is connected in series on the wastewater discharge pipe. The electric shut-off valve is electrically connected to the backwash pump and starts and stops synchronously.

[0015] The present invention also provides a multi-media drinking water purification system based on a stratified approach, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Normal filtration. Raw water is transported to the bottom of the quartz sand filter chamber through the raw water inlet pipe. After intercepting suspended solids in the quartz sand filter chamber, it flows into the bottom of the activated carbon filter chamber through the bottom output end of the three-way valve one, the first guide channel, and the first U-shaped pipe. Then, it flows into the activated carbon filter chamber from bottom to top to adsorb organic matter and odors. Subsequently, it flows into the bottom of the maifan stone filter chamber through the bottom output end of the three-way valve two, the second guide channel, and the second U-shaped pipe. After removing trace pollutants and mineralizing them in the maifan stone filter chamber from bottom to top, it enters the purified water chamber through the top output end of the three-way valve three and is finally discharged through the outlet pipe. Step 2: Backwash triggering. When the turbidity sensor in the water purification chamber detects turbidity ≥1 NTU, or when the system has been running continuously for 8-12 hours, the turbidity sensor sends a signal to the controller to start the backwashing program. Step 3: Single-chamber backwashing. The controller controls the drive motor to rotate the shaft, filter column and collection and replenishment filter mechanism clockwise synchronously, so that the maifan stone filter chamber, activated carbon filter chamber and quartz sand filter chamber are aligned and connected with the output end of the backwash pump in sequence with the wastewater discharge pipe; the backwash pump is turned on to draw clean water from the clean water chamber and deliver it to the top of the target filter chamber for backwashing. The backwash waste liquid is discharged through the bottom of the target filter chamber and the wastewater discharge pipe. The backwashing time is 3-5 minutes. Step 4: Filtrate collection. During the backwashing of the target filter chamber, the other two filter chambers maintain series filtration. The filtrate missing from the target filter chamber is output through the outlet pipes on the three sides of the corresponding three-way valve into the appropriate collection tank. When the liquid level sensor in the collection tank detects that the liquid level has reached 80% of the tank volume, the controller controls the flow rate of the raw water inlet pipe to be reduced by 30%-50%. Step 5: Filtration replenishment process. After the quartz sand filter chamber, activated carbon filter chamber, and maifan stone filter chamber have completed backwashing in sequence, the controller closes the valve of the raw water inlet pipe and stops the raw water input. According to the missing filtration link corresponding to each collection tank, the corresponding circulating water pump and solenoid valve are turned on to transport the collected filtrate to the bottom of the chamber of the missing filtration link through the delivery pipe and the corresponding U-shaped pipe. The replenishment filtration is completed from bottom to top. The clean water after replenishment enters the clean water chamber through the corresponding three-way valves. The raw water is paused for 5-8 minutes. Step 6: System recovery. After the filter replenishment is completed, the controller opens the valve of the raw water inlet pipe to restore the raw water flow, closes the circulating water pump and solenoid valve, and drives the motor to reset the filter column. The system returns to the normal filtration state of Step 1.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system. Through the independent layered design and series arrangement of quartz sand filter chamber, activated carbon filter chamber, and maifan stone filter chamber, combined with the gradual decrease in particle size of the packing material from bottom to top, and the bottom-up water delivery direction, the structure completely avoids the problem of filter material migration and mixing caused by water flow impact and backwashing in traditional single-tank mixed-fill filter media. Each filter chamber independently performs a specific filtration function. Quartz sand intercepts suspended solids, activated carbon adsorbs organic matter and odors, and maifan stone removes and mineralizes trace pollutants. The filtration interface is clear and stable, always maintaining an ideal reverse particle filtration state, effectively extending the filtration cycle, reducing backwashing energy consumption, and ensuring the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0017] The drive motor rotates the filter column, and the backwash pump draws clean water from the purification chamber to specifically flush the target filter chamber. At the same time, the other two filter chambers continue normal filtration, avoiding the water supply interruption problem caused by the shutdown backwash of traditional multi-tank systems. In addition, for the filtrate missing a single filtration stage during backwash, it is collected in real time by the collection and replenishment filtration mechanism. After all backwashing is completed, the raw water inlet pipe is only paused for a very short time. The filtration process corresponding to this part of the filtrate is only one-third of the entire water purification process. Without interrupting the water purification output, the collected filtrate can be delivered to the filter chamber with the missing filtration stage to complete the replenishment filtration. This ensures that all water undergoes full-process filtration, avoiding the risk of incomplete filtration caused by backwashing without stopping the system, and ensuring the continuity of water supply. In addition, there is no need to set up an additional spare tank, simplifying the system structure and reducing the cost of equipment purchase, installation and floor space. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a multi-media drinking water purification device and system based on a layered structure according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a diagram of the upper partition of a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a filter column in a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the positional correspondence between the filter column and the three-way valve in a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a front view of the middle partition plate of a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system of the present invention. Figure 6This is a top sectional view of the middle partition plate in a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection and filtration mechanism of a preferred embodiment of a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the collection and filtration mechanism in a layered multi-media drinking water purification device and system of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a front view of a preferred embodiment of a multi-media drinking water purification device and system based on a layered structure according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Middle partition; 3. Filter column; 4. Quartz sand filter chamber; 5. Activated carbon filter chamber; 6. Maifan stone filter chamber; 7. Isolation mesh; 8. Filter media; 9. Upper partition; 10. Purified water chamber; 11. Outlet pipe; 12. Raw water inlet pipe; 13. First guide channel; 14. Three-way valve one; 15. First U-shaped pipe; 16. Second guide channel; 17. Three-way valve two; 18. Second U-shaped pipe; 19. Three-way valve three; 1901. Outlet pipe; 20. Backwash pump; 21. Switching chamber; 22. Wastewater discharge pipe; 23. Lower baffle; 24. Drive motor; 25. Shaft; 26. Collection and filtration mechanism; 2601. Collection column; 2602. Collection tank; 2603. Circulating water pump; 2604. Circulation pipe; 2605. Delivery pipe; 2606. Solenoid valve; 27. Third guide channel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0021] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-media drinking water purification device based on a stratified design, comprising: Tank 1, with an upper partition 9, a middle partition 2 and a lower partition 23 arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the tank 1. The upper partition 9 and the inner top of the tank 1 enclose a water purification chamber 10. A water outlet pipe 11 connected to the water purification chamber 10 is provided through the top of the tank 1. The filter column 3 is rotatably installed between the middle partition 2 and the upper partition 9. The filter column 3 has four independent chambers spaced circumferentially inside, namely the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5, the maifan stone filter chamber 6 and the switching chamber 21. The quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5 and the maifan stone filter chamber 6 are all fixedly equipped with isolation nets 7. The isolation nets 7 are filled with filter media 8 that are compatible with the corresponding chambers. The quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5 and the maifan stone filter chamber 6 are arranged in series, and the water flow direction inside the three is from bottom to top. The raw water conveying structure includes a raw water inlet pipe 12 located in the middle of the side of the tank 1. The raw water inlet pipe 12 is connected to the bottom of the quartz sand filter chamber 4 in the filtration state and is used to convey raw water to the three filter chambers connected in series. The flow guiding mechanism is located between the upper partition 9 and the middle partition 2. It is used to connect the three adjacent groups of quartz sand filter chamber 4, activated carbon filter chamber 5, maifan stone filter chamber 6 and switching chamber 21 in series, and can respectively discharge filtered water, backwash waste liquid and filtered liquid missing the filtration stage. The backwashing structure includes a backwashing pump 20 installed at the front end of the upper partition 9. The input end of the backwashing pump 20 is connected to the interior of the water purification chamber 10, and the output end of the backwashing pump 20 can selectively connect to the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5, the maifan stone filter chamber 6, and the switching chamber 21. A filter collection and replenishment mechanism 26 is located between the middle partition 2 and the lower partition 23, and is used to collect the filtered liquid that is missing the corresponding filtration stage during backwashing. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor 24 installed at the bottom of the lower partition 23. A shaft 25 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 24. The top end of the shaft 25 passes through the lower partition 23, the collection and filtration mechanism 26 and the middle partition 2 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the filter column 3. The drive motor 24 drives the filter column 3 and the collection and filtration mechanism 26 to rotate synchronously through the shaft 25. The Maifan stone filter chamber 6 is connected to the interior of the water purification chamber 10 in the top filtration state.

[0022] General working principle: During normal filtration, raw water is transported to the bottom of the quartz sand filter chamber 4 through the raw water inlet pipe 12. Since the quartz sand filter chamber 4, activated carbon filter chamber 5, and maifan stone filter chamber 6 all adopt a bottom-up water conveyance direction, and the particle size of the filter media 8 gradually decreases along the water conveyance direction, the raw water comes into full contact with the quartz sand filter media 8 from top to bottom in the quartz sand filter chamber 4, and the suspended solids in the raw water are efficiently removed by mechanical interception.

[0023] Water filtered through quartz sand flows into the first guide channel 13 through the bottom output end of the three-way valve 14, and flows downward along the first guide channel 13 to the first U-shaped pipe 15 at the top of the middle partition 2. From the first U-shaped pipe 15, the water is guided to the bottom of the activated carbon filter chamber 5. The water flows from bottom to top through the granular activated carbon filter media 8 in the activated carbon filter chamber 5, where organic matter, odors, and some colored substances are removed through physical adsorption.

[0024] Subsequently, the water enters the second guide channel 16 through the bottom output end of the three-way valve 2 17, and is transported to the bottom of the maifan stone filter chamber 6 through the second guide channel 16 and the second U-shaped pipe 18. It passes through the maifan stone granular filter media 8 from bottom to top. The maifan stone removes trace pollutants through ion exchange and adsorption, and releases beneficial minerals into the water to achieve mineralization.

[0025] The purified water, after completing the three-stage series filtration, enters the purified water chamber 10 through the top output end of the three-way valve 19, and is finally discharged for use through the outlet pipe 11.

[0026] After the backwashing process is started, the controller controls the drive motor 24 to run, and the shaft 25 at the output end of the drive motor 24 drives the filter column 3 and the collection and replenishment filter mechanism 26 to rotate clockwise in sync.

[0027] During rotation, the maifan stone filter chamber 6, activated carbon filter chamber 5, and quartz sand filter chamber 4 are aligned sequentially with the output end of the backwash pump 20, while the bottom of the corresponding chambers is connected to the wastewater discharge pipe 22. At this time, the switching chamber 21 serves as a transition chamber to prevent cross-contamination of water between adjacent filter chambers during switching.

[0028] Backwash pump 20 starts, drawing clean water from clean water chamber 10 and delivering it under high pressure to the top of the target filter chamber. The water flow direction is opposite to normal filtration (from top to bottom), impacting the contaminants attached to the surface of filter media 8 to achieve backwashing. The waste liquid generated by backwashing flows downward along the inner wall of the target filter chamber, is discharged through the bottom to the wastewater discharge pipe 22, and is finally discharged outside the tank 1. The backwashing time for a single chamber is 3-5 minutes.

[0029] When backwashing a single filter chamber, the other two filter chambers remain in series for filtration. However, due to the lack of a filtration stage, the filtrate needs to be collected and treated separately. At this time, the corresponding three-way valve 19 switches to the side output end, and the filtrate lacking the filtration stage is transported downward through the outlet pipe 1901. The bottom end of the outlet pipe 1901 corresponds to the rotation path of the collection tank 2602, and the collection column 2601 rotates synchronously with the filter column 3, so that the collection tank 2602 is precisely matched with the currently working filter chamber, and the filtrate flows smoothly into the corresponding collection tank 2602.

[0030] The liquid level sensor in each collection tank 2602 monitors the liquid level in real time. When the liquid level reaches 80% of the tank volume, the liquid level sensor sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the flow rate of raw water entering the pipe 12 to reduce by 30%-50% to prevent the collection tank 2602 from overflowing, while ensuring that the other two filter chambers can still maintain basic filtration efficiency.

[0031] After the quartz sand filter chamber 4, activated carbon filter chamber 5, and maifan stone filter chamber 6 have completed backwashing in sequence, the controller closes the valve of the raw water inlet pipe 12, pausing the raw water input (pause time 5-8 minutes). According to the missing filtration link corresponding to each collection tank 2602, the controller starts the circulating water pump 2603 in the corresponding collection tank 2602 and the solenoid valve 2606 connected in series on the delivery pipe 2605.

[0032] The circulating water pump 2603 transports the filtrate in the collection tank 2602 to the delivery pipe 2605 through the circulation pipe 2604. The top of the delivery pipe 2605 is connected to the raw water inlet pipe 12, the first U-shaped pipe 15, and the second U-shaped pipe 18 respectively. The filtrate is transported to the bottom of the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5, or the maifan stone filter chamber 6 according to the missing links, and the supplementary filtration is completed in the direction from bottom to top. The clean water after supplementary filtration enters the clean water chamber 10 through the top output end of the corresponding three-way valve (three-way valve one 14, three-way valve two 17, or three-way valve three 19), ensuring that all water bodies complete the full process filtration.

[0033] After the filtration is completed, the controller opens the valve of the raw water inlet pipe 12 to restore the normal flow of raw water, and at the same time closes the circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606. The drive motor 24 drives the shaft 25, the filter column 3 and the collection and filtration mechanism 26 to rotate in the opposite direction and reset, so that the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5 and the maifan stone filter chamber 6 are accurately reconnected with the raw water inlet pipe 12 and the flow guiding mechanism, and the system returns to the normal filtration state, continuously outputting compliant purified water.

[0034] In this embodiment, the particle size of the filter media 8 gradually decreases along the water conveyance direction of the corresponding chamber. The filter media 8 in the quartz sand filter chamber 4 is quartz sand with a bottom particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm and a top particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm. The filter media 8 in the activated carbon filter chamber 5 is granular activated carbon with a bottom particle size of 1.0-1.5 mm and a top particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm. The filter media 8 in the maifan stone filter chamber 6 is maifan stone granules with a bottom particle size of 0.6-1.0 mm and a top particle size of 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0035] Local working principle: The filter media 8 adopts a gradient design with the particle size gradually decreasing along the water conveyance direction, and the filter media types and particle size parameters of different filter chambers are precisely matched to their filtration functions. The bottom particle size of the quartz sand filter media 8 in the quartz sand filter chamber 4 is 0.8-1.2mm and the top particle size is 0.3-0.5mm. When the water flows from bottom to top, it first passes through the large-particle quartz sand to initially intercept large suspended solids, and then passes through the small-particle quartz sand for fine filtration, forming a graded interception effect and improving the removal efficiency of suspended solids. The granular activated carbon filter media 8 inside the activated carbon filter chamber 5 has a bottom particle size of 1.0-1.5mm and a top particle size of 0.4-0.6mm. The large particle size of the activated carbon ensures water permeability, while the small particle size of the activated carbon provides a larger specific surface area, enhancing the adsorption capacity for organic matter and odors. The bottom particle size of the maifan stone granular filter media 8 inside the maifan stone filter chamber 6 is 0.6-1.0mm and the top particle size is 0.2-0.4mm, which takes into account both the smoothness of water flow and the effects of mineral release and adsorption of trace pollutants.

[0036] This design strictly follows the "reverse particle size" filtration principle, combined with the bottom-up water delivery direction, so that the filter media layer always maintains a stable filtration interface, avoiding the migration and mixing problems of traditional mixed-fill filter media, extending the filtration cycle and reducing backwashing energy consumption.

[0037] In this embodiment, the flow guiding mechanism includes a first flow guiding channel 13, a three-way valve 14, a first U-shaped pipe 15, a second flow guiding channel 16, a three-way valve 27, a second U-shaped pipe 18, a three-way valve 3 19, an outlet pipe 1901, a wastewater discharge pipe 22, and a third flow guiding channel 27. The first guide channel 13 is vertically opened between the quartz sand filter chamber 4 and the activated carbon filter chamber 5. The three-way valve 14 is located on one side of the bottom of the upper partition plate 9. The inlet end of the three-way valve 14 is connected to the top of the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the top outlet end is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber 10, and the bottom outlet end is connected to the top of the first guide channel 13. The first U-shaped tube 15 is opened at the top of the middle partition 2, and the two ends of the first U-shaped tube 15 are respectively connected to the bottom end of the first guide groove 13 and the bottom end of the activated carbon filter cavity 5. The second guide channel 16 is vertically opened between the activated carbon filter chamber 5 and the maifan stone filter chamber 6. The three-way valve 17 is located at the bottom of the upper partition plate 9. The inlet end of the three-way valve 17 is connected to the top of the activated carbon filter chamber 5, the top outlet end is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber 10, and the bottom outlet end is connected to the top of the second guide channel 16. The second U-shaped tube 18 is opened at the top of the middle partition plate 2, and the two ends of the second U-shaped tube 18 are respectively connected to the bottom end of the second guide groove 16 and the bottom end of the maifan stone filter cavity 6. Three-way valve 319 is located at the bottom of the upper partition 9 and directly above the maifan stone filter chamber 6. The top output end of three-way valve 319 is connected to the inside of the water purification chamber 10, the inlet end of three-way valve 319 is connected to the top of the maifan stone filter chamber 6, and the side output end of three-way valve 319 is connected to an outlet pipe 1901. The third guide channel 27 is symmetrically opened at both ends of the switching cavity 21, and the two sets of third guide channels 27, the first guide channel 13, and the second guide channel 16 are located on the same ring. Wastewater discharge pipe 22 is located at the front end inside the intermediate partition 2 and is directly opposite the output end of the backwash pump 20. One end of the wastewater discharge pipe 22 extends to the outside of the tank 1 to discharge backwash waste liquid.

[0038] Local working principle: The first guide channel 13, the three-way valve 14 and the first U-shaped pipe 15 form the connection channel between the quartz sand filter chamber 4 and the activated carbon filter chamber 5. During normal filtration, the bottom output end of the three-way valve 14 is open and the top output end is closed, guiding the water filtered by the quartz sand downward into the first guide channel 13, and then transporting it to the bottom of the activated carbon filter chamber 5 through the first U-shaped pipe 15, ensuring that the water flow direction matches the bottom-to-top water delivery direction of the activated carbon filter chamber 5. The second guide channel 16, the three-way valve 2 17 and the second U-shaped pipe 18 form the connection channel between the activated carbon filter chamber 5 and the maifan stone filter chamber 6. The working logic is the same as the above combination, realizing the precise delivery of water after activated carbon filtration to the maifan stone filter chamber 6. The three-way valve 319 has a bidirectional output function: during normal filtration, the top output end is opened to guide the purified water after filtration by the maifan stone into the purified water chamber 10; during backwashing, the side output end is opened to guide the filtrate missing the target filtration stage to the outlet pipe 1901. The third guide channel 27 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the switching chamber 21 and is circular with the first guide channel 13 and the second guide channel 16. When the filter column 3 rotates to switch the backwash chamber, the third guide channel 27 receives the water flow of the adjacent filter chamber, so as to avoid water flow interruption or crossflow during the chamber switching process. Wastewater discharge pipe 22 is directly opposite the output end of backwash pump 20. During backwashing, it is connected to the bottom of the target filter chamber to quickly discharge backwash waste liquid. The series-connected electric shut-off valve starts and stops synchronously with backwash pump 20 to ensure the sealing of the backwashing process and the timeliness of waste liquid discharge.

[0039] In this embodiment, the collection and filtration mechanism 26 includes a collection column 2601, a collection tank 2602, a circulating water pump 2603, a circulation pipe 2604, a delivery pipe 2605, and a solenoid valve 2606. The collecting column 2601 is rotatably installed between the middle partition 2 and the lower partition 23, and the shaft 25 passes through the axis of the collecting column 2601 and is fixedly connected to the collecting column 2601. The collection tank 2602 is circumferentially opened at the top of the collection column 2601 and corresponds to the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5, and the maifan stone filter chamber 6. A circulating water pump 2603 is located at the bottom of each collection tank 2602. The output end of the circulating water pump 2603 is connected to a circulating pipe 2604, which extends to the top of the collection column 2601. The delivery pipe 2605 is located at the bottom of the intermediate partition 2 and directly opposite the circulation pipe 2604. The solenoid valve 2606 is connected in series with the delivery pipe 2605. The top end of the delivery pipe 2605 is connected to the raw water inlet pipe 12, the first U-shaped pipe 15, and the second U-shaped pipe 18 respectively. The bottom end of the outlet pipe 1901 extends to the inner bottom of the middle partition 2 and is set to correspond to the rotation path of the collection tank 2602.

[0040] Local working principle: The collecting column 2601 and the filter column 3 rotate synchronously through the shaft 25. The collecting groove 2602 at the top of the collecting column 2601 corresponds one-to-one with the quartz sand filter chamber 4, the activated carbon filter chamber 5, and the maifan stone filter chamber 6. When a certain filter chamber enters the backwashing state, the corresponding collecting groove 2602 rotates to the bottom of the outlet pipe 1901 to receive the filtrate missing that filtration stage. The liquid level sensor in each collection tank 2602 monitors the filtrate level in real time. When the liquid level reaches 80% of the tank volume, the controller is triggered to reduce the flow rate of the raw water inlet pipe 12 to prevent the filtrate from overflowing. During the supplementary filtration stage, the controller activates the circulating water pump 2603 in the corresponding collection tank 2602 and the solenoid valve 2606 connected in series on the delivery pipe 2605 according to the missing filtration links in each collection tank 2602. The circulating water pump 2603 pumps the collected filtrate into the delivery pipe 2605 through the circulating pipe 2604. The delivery pipe 2605 is connected to the raw water inlet pipe 12 (missing quartz sand filtration), the first U-shaped pipe 15 (missing activated carbon filtration), and the second U-shaped pipe 18 (missing maifan stone filtration) according to the missing links, and delivers the filtrate to the bottom of the corresponding filtration chamber. The supplementary filtration is completed from bottom to top, ensuring that the filtrate is purified throughout the entire process before entering the clean water chamber 10.

[0041] In this embodiment, the top and bottom ends of the filter column 3, located on the outer side of the four chambers, are provided with annular grooves. A sealing ring is provided in the annular groove, and the sealing ring is slidably sealed with the lower surface of the upper partition 9 and the upper surface of the middle partition 2, respectively.

[0042] Local working principle: During normal filtration and backwashing rotation, the sealing ring is always in close contact with the surface of the partition plate. The sliding sealing structure isolates the water flow in the four independent chambers, preventing cross-contamination between the quartz sand filter chamber 4, activated carbon filter chamber 5, maifan stone filter chamber 6 and switching chamber 21, thus ensuring the independence of the filtration function of each chamber. The sealing ring is made of wear-resistant and water-corrosion-resistant material, which is compatible with the rotation of the filter column 3. It can maintain good sealing performance even after long-term use, and avoid the decrease in filtration efficiency or deterioration of water quality due to seal failure.

[0043] In this embodiment, a turbidity sensor is fixedly installed in the water purification chamber 10. The turbidity sensor is electrically connected to the backwash pump 20 and the drive motor 24. A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed in each collection tank 2602. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606.

[0044] Local working principle: The turbidity sensor in the water purification chamber 10 monitors the purified water quality in real time. When the turbidity is ≥1 NTU or the system has been running continuously for 8-12 hours, it immediately sends a signal to the controller to trigger the backwashing program, realizing the automatic and intelligent start of backwashing and avoiding the lag of manual monitoring. The liquid level sensor in the collection tank 2602 is linked with the circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606: when the liquid level does not reach the threshold, the circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606 remain closed to ensure that the collection tank 2602 stores liquid normally; during the replenishment filtration stage, the liquid level sensor reports the amount of filtrate to the controller, and the controller precisely controls the start and stop of the corresponding circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606 to achieve automated matching of the replenishment filtration process without manual intervention.

[0045] In this embodiment, the isolation net 7 is a double-layer stainless steel woven mesh. The aperture of the isolation net 7 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the smallest particle size filter material 8 in the corresponding chamber. The edge of the isolation net 7 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding chamber, and a support frame is fixedly provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the isolation net 7.

[0046] Local working principle: The double-layer structure and welding fixing method ensure the structural stability of the isolation net 7 and prevent the isolation net 7 from deforming or falling off due to water flow impact; The precise pore size design prevents the filter media 8 from leaking out of the isolation mesh 7 while ensuring smooth water flow without generating excessive water flow resistance. The supporting mesh frame on the upper and lower surfaces of the isolation mesh 7 further enhances the structural strength, disperses the pressure of the filter media 8 on the isolation mesh 7, extends the service life of the isolation mesh 7, and maintains the uniform distribution of the filter media layer to ensure the stability of the filtration effect.

[0047] In this embodiment, the shaft 25 is connected to the collection column 2601 by a flat key, and the shaft 25 is connected to the filter column 3 by a spline. Mechanical seals are provided at the connection points of the shaft 25 with the lower partition 23 and the middle partition 2. A wear-resistant sealing gasket is provided between the top of the collection column 2601 and the lower surface of the middle partition 2.

[0048] Local working principle: The shaft 25 is connected to the collection column 2601 by a flat key to ensure reliable torque transmission and rotational synchronization; it is connected to the filter column 3 by a spline to improve connection rigidity and centering accuracy, ensuring precise alignment of each chamber with the flow guiding mechanism and backwash pump 20 during the rotation of the filter column 3. Mechanical seals are provided at the connection between shaft 25 and lower partition 23 and middle partition 2. A wear-resistant sealing gasket is provided between the top of the collecting column 2601 and the lower surface of the middle partition 2. The double sealing structure prevents water from leaking through the shaft 25, avoids cross-flow of water between different chambers and leakage outside the tank 1, and ensures the sealing and safety of the equipment operation.

[0049] In this embodiment, an annular sealing sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the tank 1 and the outer wall of the filter column 3. The material of the annular sealing sleeve is water-resistant fluororubber. An electric shut-off valve is connected in series on the wastewater discharge pipe 22. The electric shut-off valve is electrically connected to the backwash pump 20 and starts and stops synchronously.

[0050] Local working principle: The annular sealing sleeve between the inner wall of tank 1 and the outer wall of filter column 3 is made of water-resistant fluororubber, which is resistant to water corrosion and has good elasticity. It fits tightly against the contact surface of tank 1 and filter column 3, isolates the gap between the outer side of filter column 3 and the inner side of tank 1, prevents water from stagnating or flowing in the gap, and further ensures the sealing and isolation effect of each independent chamber. The electric shut-off valve on the wastewater discharge pipe 22 is electrically connected to the backwash pump 20 and starts and stops synchronously: when the backwash pump 20 starts, the electric shut-off valve opens synchronously to provide a discharge channel for the backwash waste liquid; when the backwash pump 20 stops, the electric shut-off valve closes synchronously to prevent water from leaking from the wastewater discharge pipe 22 during normal filtration, and to ensure the sealing of the filtration process and the utilization rate of water resources.

[0051] like Figures 1-9 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a multi-media drinking water purification system based on a stratified approach, and the process is as follows: Step 1: Normal filtration. Raw water is delivered to the bottom of the quartz sand filter chamber 4 through the raw water inlet pipe 12. After intercepting suspended solids in the quartz sand filter chamber 4, it flows into the bottom of the activated carbon filter chamber 5 through the bottom output end of the three-way valve 14, the first guide channel 13, and the first U-shaped pipe 15. It then flows into the activated carbon filter chamber 5 from bottom to top to adsorb organic matter and odors. Subsequently, it flows into the bottom of the maifan stone filter chamber 6 through the bottom output end of the three-way valve 2 17, the second guide channel 16, and the second U-shaped pipe 18. After removing trace pollutants and mineralizing them, it enters the purified water chamber 10 through the top output end of the three-way valve 3 19 and is finally discharged through the water outlet pipe 11. Step 2: Backwash triggering. When the turbidity sensor in the water purification chamber 10 detects turbidity ≥1 NTU, or when the system has been running continuously for 8-12 hours, the turbidity sensor sends a signal to the controller to start the backwashing program. Step 3: Single-chamber backwashing. The controller controls the drive motor 24 to drive the shaft 25, filter column 3 and collection and replenishment filter mechanism 26 to rotate clockwise synchronously, so that the maifan stone filter chamber 6, activated carbon filter chamber 5 and quartz sand filter chamber 4 are aligned and connected with the output end of the backwash pump 20 in sequence with the wastewater discharge pipe 22; the backwash pump 20 is turned on to draw clean water from the clean water chamber 10 and deliver it to the top of the target filter chamber for backwashing. The backwash waste liquid is discharged through the bottom of the target filter chamber and the wastewater discharge pipe 22. The backwashing time is 3-5 minutes. Step 4: Filtrate collection. During the backwashing of the target filter chamber, the other two filter chambers maintain series filtration. The filtrate missing the target filter chamber's filtration stage is output through the outlet pipe 1901 on the side of the corresponding three-way valve 19 and flows into the suitable collection tank 2602. When the liquid level sensor in the collection tank 2602 detects that the liquid level has reached 80% of the tank volume, the controller controls the flow rate of the raw water inlet pipe 12 to decrease by 30%-50%. Step 5: Filtration replenishment process. After the quartz sand filter chamber 4, activated carbon filter chamber 5, and maifan stone filter chamber 6 have completed backwashing in sequence, the controller closes the valve of the raw water inlet pipe 12 and stops the raw water input. According to the missing filtration link corresponding to each collection tank 2602, the corresponding circulating water pump 2603 and solenoid valve 2606 are turned on to transport the collected filtrate to the bottom of the chamber of the missing filtration link through the delivery pipe 2605 and the corresponding U-shaped pipe. The replenishment filtration is completed from bottom to top. The clean water after replenishment filtration enters the clean water chamber 10 through the corresponding three-way valves. The raw water is paused for 5-8 minutes. Step 6: System recovery. After the filter replenishment is completed, the controller opens the valve of the raw water inlet pipe 12 to restore the raw water flow, closes the circulating water pump 2603 and the solenoid valve 2606, and drives the drive motor 24 to reset the filter column 3. The system returns to the normal filtration state of Step 1.

[0052] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-media drinking water purifier based on a layered approach, characterized by, The utility model relates to a water purifier, including: The tank body (1) is equipped with upper baffle (9), intermediate baffle (2) and lower baffle (23) from top to bottom in tank body (1) successively, and the upper baffle (9) and the inner top of tank body (1) surround and form clean water chamber (10), and the top of tank body (1) is equipped with water outlet pipe (11) with the communication of clean water chamber (10); The filter column (3) is rotatably installed between intermediate baffle (2) and upper baffle (9), and the filter column (3) is equipped with four independent chambers along the circumference direction, quartz sand filter chamber (4), activated carbon filter chamber (5), maifanite filter chamber (6) and switching chamber (21) respectively, three groups of filter chambers are arranged in series, and the water delivery direction in three groups of filter chambers is all from bottom to top; The raw water delivery structure includes raw water inlet pipe (12) in the middle position of the side of tank body (1), which is used to deliver raw water to the three filter chambers in series; The flow guide mechanism is arranged between the upper baffle (9) and the intermediate baffle (2), and is used to combine and connect the adjacent three groups of chambers in series, and discharge filtered water, backwashing waste liquid and filtering liquid missing the filtering link respectively; The backwashing structure includes backwashing pump (20) installed at the front end of upper baffle (9), the input end of backwashing pump (20) is communicated with the inside of clean water chamber (10), and the output end of backwashing pump (20) can be selectively communicated with four independent chambers individually; The collection and supplementing mechanism (26) is arranged between the intermediate baffle (2) and the lower baffle (23), and is used to collect the filtering liquid missing the corresponding filtering link in the backwashing state; The driving mechanism is arranged in the inside of tank body (1), and is used to drive the filter column (3) and the collection and supplementing mechanism (26) to rotate synchronously; The top end of the maifanite filter chamber (6) is communicated with the inside of the clean water chamber (10) in the top end filtering state.

2. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the filter material (8) gradually decreases along the water delivery direction of the corresponding chamber, the filter material (8) in the quartz sand filter chamber (4) is quartz sand, the bottom particle size is 0.8-1.2mm, and the top particle size is 0.3-0.5mm, the filter material (8) in the activated carbon filter chamber (5) is granular activated carbon, the bottom particle size is 1.0-1.5mm, and the top particle size is 0.4-0.6mm, the filter material (8) in the maifanite filter chamber (6) is maifanite particle, the bottom particle size is 0.6-1.0mm, and the top particle size is 0.2-0.4mm.

3. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The flow guide mechanism includes first flow guide groove (13), three-way valve one (14), first U-shaped pipe (15), second flow guide groove (16), three-way valve two (17), second U-shaped pipe (18), three-way valve three (19), outlet pipe (1901), waste water discharge pipe (22) and third flow guide groove (27); The first flow guide groove (13) is vertically arranged between the quartz sand filter chamber (4) and the activated carbon filter chamber (5), the three-way valve one (14) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the upper baffle (9), the water inlet end of the three-way valve one (14) is communicated with the top end of the quartz sand filter chamber (4), the top output end is communicated with the inside of the clean water chamber (10), and the bottom output end is communicated with the top end of the first flow guide groove (13); The first U-shaped pipe (15) is arranged at the top of the middle partition plate (2), and the two ends of the first U-shaped pipe (15) are communicated with the bottom end of the first flow guide groove (13) and the bottom end of the activated carbon filter cavity (5) respectively; The second flow guide groove (16) is vertically arranged between the activated carbon filter cavity (5) and the medical stone filter cavity (6), the three-way valve two (17) is arranged at the bottom of the upper partition plate (9), the water inlet end of the three-way valve two (17) is communicated with the top end of the activated carbon filter cavity (5), the top output end is communicated with the inside of the clean water cavity (10), and the bottom output end is communicated with the top end of the second flow guide groove (16); The second U-shaped pipe (18) is arranged at the top of the middle partition plate (2), and the two ends of the second U-shaped pipe (18) are communicated with the bottom end of the second flow guide groove (16) and the bottom end of the medical stone filter cavity (6) respectively; The three-way valve three (19) is arranged at the bottom of the upper partition plate (9) and located directly above the medical stone filter cavity (6), the top output end of the three-way valve three (19) is communicated with the inside of the clean water cavity (10), the water inlet end of the three-way valve three (19) is communicated with the top end of the medical stone filter cavity (6), and the side output end of the three-way valve three (19) is connected with the lead-out pipe (1901); The third flow guide groove (27) is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the switching cavity (21), and the two groups of third flow guide grooves (27) are located on the same circular ring as the first flow guide groove (13) and the second flow guide groove (16); The wastewater discharge pipe (22) is arranged at the front end inside the middle partition plate (2) and opposite to the output end of the backwashing pump (20), one end of the wastewater discharge pipe (22) extends to the outside of the tank body (1) and is used for discharging the backwashing waste liquid.

4. A multi-media water purifier based on the layered approach as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The collection filter mechanism (26) comprises a collection column (2601), a collection groove (2602), a circulating water pump (2603), a circulating pipe (2604), a conveying pipe (2605) and an electromagnetic valve (2606); The collection column (2601) is rotatably installed between the middle partition plate (2) and the lower partition plate (23), the shaft rod (25) penetrates through the axis of the collection column (2601) and is fixedly connected with the collection column (2601); The collection groove (2602) is circumferentially arranged at the top of the collection column (2601) and corresponds to the quartz sand filter cavity (4), the activated carbon filter cavity (5) and the medical stone filter cavity (6) one by one; The circulating water pump (2603) is arranged at the inner bottom of each collection groove (2602), the output end of the circulating water pump (2603) is connected with the circulating pipe (2604), and the circulating pipe (2604) extends to the top of the collection column (2601); The conveying pipe (2605) is arranged at the bottom of the middle partition plate (2) and opposite to the circulating pipe (2604), the electromagnetic valve (2606) is connected in series on the conveying pipe (2605), and the top end of the conveying pipe (2605) is communicated with the raw water inlet pipe (12), the first U-shaped pipe (15) and the second U-shaped pipe (18) respectively; The bottom end of the lead-out pipe (1901) extends to the inner bottom of the middle partition plate (2) and is arranged corresponding to the rotation path of the collection groove (2602).

5. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top end and the bottom end of the filter column (3) and outside the four chambers are provided with annular grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the annular grooves.

6. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A turbidity sensor is fixedly installed in the water purification cavity (10), and the turbidity sensor is electrically connected with the backwashing pump (20) and the driving motor (24). A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed in each collecting groove (2602), and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the circulating water pump (2603) and the electromagnetic valve (2606).

7. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The inside of the quartz sand filter cavity (4), the activated carbon filter cavity (5) and the medical stone filter cavity (6) is fixedly provided with a separation net (7), the separation net (7) is filled with filter material (8) matched with the corresponding cavity, the separation net (7) is a double-layer stainless steel woven net, the aperture of the separation net (7) is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the smallest particle size filter material (8) in the corresponding cavity, the edge of the separation net (7) is welded and fixed with the inner wall of the corresponding cavity, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the separation net (7) are fixedly provided with support net racks.

8. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (24) installed at the bottom end of the lower partition plate (23), an output end of the driving motor (24) is provided with a shaft rod (25), a top end of the shaft rod (25) penetrates the lower partition plate (23), the collecting and filter supplementing mechanism (26) and the middle partition plate (2) in sequence and is fixedly connected with the filter column (3), the shaft rod (25) is connected with the collecting column (2601) through a flat key, the shaft rod (25) is connected with the filter column (3) through a spline, mechanical sealing elements are arranged at the connection positions of the shaft rod (25) and the lower partition plate (23) and the middle partition plate (2), and a wear-resistant sealing gasket is arranged between the top end of the collecting column (2601) and the lower surface of the middle partition plate (2).

9. A multi-media water purifier based on layered approach as claimed in claim 1, wherein: An annular sealing sleeve is arranged between the inner side wall of the tank body (1) and the outer side wall of the filter column (3), the material of the annular sealing sleeve is water-resistant fluorine rubber, an electric shut-off valve is connected in series on the wastewater discharge pipe (22), and the electric shut-off valve is electrically connected with the backwashing pump (20) and is started and stopped synchronously.

10. A hierarchical multi-medium drinking water purification system based on a hierarchical multi-medium drinking water purification device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: normal filtration, raw water is delivered to the bottom of the quartz sand filter cavity (4) through the raw water inlet pipe (12), flows through the quartz sand filter cavity (4) from bottom to top to intercept suspended solids, is output from the bottom output end of the three-way valve one (14), the first flow guide groove (13) and the first U-shaped pipe (15) into the bottom of the activated carbon filter cavity (5), flows through the activated carbon filter cavity (5) from bottom to top to adsorb organic matter and peculiar smell, is then output from the bottom output end of the three-way valve two (17), the second flow guide groove (16) and the second U-shaped pipe (18) into the bottom of the medical stone filter cavity (6), flows through the medical stone filter cavity (6) from bottom to top to remove trace pollutants and mineralize, is input into the water purification cavity (10) from the top output end of the three-way valve three (19) and is finally discharged through the water outlet pipe (11); Step 2: backwashing triggering, when the turbidity sensor detects that the turbidity in the water purification cavity (10) is greater than or equal to 1 NTU or the system continuously operates for 8-12 hours, the turbidity sensor sends a signal to the controller to start the backwashing program. Step 3: Single-chamber backwashing, the controller controls the driving motor (24) to drive the shaft (25), the filter column (3) and the collection and filter mechanism (26) to rotate clockwise synchronously, so that the maifanshi filter chamber (6), the activated carbon filter chamber (5) and the quartz sand filter chamber (4) are sequentially aligned with the waste water discharge pipe (22) and the output end of the backwashing pump (20); turn on the backwashing pump (20) to extract clean water in the clean water chamber (10), and transport it to the top of the target filter chamber for backwashing; the backwashing waste liquid is discharged through the bottom of the target filter chamber and the waste water discharge pipe (22), and the backwashing time is 3-5 minutes; Step 4: Filtrate collection, during backwashing of the target filter chamber, the remaining two filter chambers maintain series filtration, and the filtrate missing the target filter chamber filtration link is output through the lead-out pipe (1901) on the side of the corresponding three-way valve three (19) and flows into the matching collection tank (2602); when the liquid level sensor in the collection tank (2602) detects that the liquid level reaches 80% of the tank volume, the controller reduces the flow of the raw water inlet pipe (12) by 30%-50%; Step 5: Filter supplement process, after the quartz sand filter chamber (4), the activated carbon filter chamber (5) and the maifanshi filter chamber (6) complete backwashing in turn, the controller closes the valve of the raw water inlet pipe (12) and suspends the raw water input; according to the missing filter link corresponding to each collection tank (2602), open the corresponding circulating water pump (2603) and electromagnetic valve (2606), and the collected filtrate is transported to the bottom of the missing filter link chamber through the delivery pipe (2605) and the corresponding U-shaped pipe, and the filter is completed from bottom to top, and the filtered clean water enters the clean water chamber (10) through the corresponding three-way valve. The raw water suspension time is 5-8 minutes; Step 6: System recovery, after the filter supplement is completed, the controller opens the valve of the raw water inlet pipe (12) to restore the raw water flow, closes the circulating water pump (2603) and the electromagnetic valve (2606), and the driving motor (24) drives the filter column (3) to reset, and the system returns to the normal filtration state of step 1.

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