Car coupler supporting seat resetting tool and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tool design, and discloses a car coupler supporting seat resetting tool and method.The tool comprises a screw rod, a handle, a special-shaped nut, an ejector head and an ejector head check ring; a trapezoidal thread is formed on the screw rod; the handle is detachably connected to one end of the screw rod and is used for driving the screw rod to rotate; the special-shaped nut is meshed with the trapezoidal thread of the screw rod and is used for being jointed with the periphery of the observation hole of the striker; the jacking head is arranged at the other end of the screw rod and is used for directly contacting and jacking the car coupler supporting seat; the ejector head check ring is sleeved on the screw rod, is positioned near the ejector head and is used for limiting the axial movement of the ejector head; when the tool is inserted into the observation hole, the special-shaped nut is connected with the impact seat, the handle is rotated to enable the screw rod to move axially, and therefore the jacking head is driven to jack the car coupler supporting seat, and resetting is achieved. The device can adapt to the railway field operation environment, operation is easy, convenient and efficient, and the overall structure is compact and portable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tooling design, in particular to a car coupler support seat resetting tool and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The normal working state of the railway freight car coupler support seat is crucial for ensuring the safe coupling and stable operation of trains, especially in railway freight cars using 17-type coupler support seats, which are designed to ensure automatic resetting through the built-in support spring after being subjected to impact or vibration. However, in actual operation, due to factors such as long-term bearing of complex alternating loads, environmental corrosion, foreign matter intrusion, or component wear, the matching gap between the coupler support seat and the impact seat may change, causing mechanical jamming between the two. This jamming phenomenon prevents the support seat from returning to the correct position under the action of the spring, thereby causing the actual height of the coupler to deviate from the standard range. When the coupler height exceeds the allowable tolerance for vehicle coupling, it not only affects the normal coupling operation between vehicles, but also poses a serious threat to the safety of train operation, which may lead to uncoupling, broken couplers, and even accidents. Therefore, how to quickly and effectively solve the coupler support seat jamming problem and quickly restore it to the design position has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the field maintenance of railway vehicles.

[0003] Currently, the traditional manual emergency treatment method is still widely used to handle such coupler support seat jamming problems on-site on railway lines. The operator needs to carry heavy tools such as a jack into the work site, first uses the jack to lift the coupler as a whole to release the load on the support seat, and then manually installs a temporarily made coupler pad plate above the support seat. This pad plate often needs to be measured and cut on-site, and the material is usually ordinary steel plate, which is heavy, increasing the carrying burden of the operator, and its installation process completely depends on the operator's experience, making it difficult to accurately ensure the recovery quality of the coupler height. The whole operation process is complicated and requires multiple people to work together, from preparing tools, lifting the coupler to making and installing the pad plate, which takes a long time and is inefficient. In railway transportation, the train operation diagram is dense, and the maintenance time window is very limited, so this time-consuming and labor-intensive treatment method is likely to cause train delays and disrupt the normal transportation order. Therefore, the existing treatment methods cannot meet the needs of rapid emergency response on-site in terms of operation efficiency, operational convenience, and recovery effect reliability. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a coupler support seat resetting tool and method that can adapt to the railway field operation environment, is simple and efficient to operate, has a compact overall structure, and is portable.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following basic scheme.

[0006] Scheme One A car hook support seat resetting tool for resetting a car hook support seat stuck in an impact seat, the impact seat having a viewing hole, comprising a screw rod, a handle, a special-shaped nut, a top head and a top head retainer ring; The screw rod is formed with trapezoidal threads; the handle is detachably connected to one end of the screw rod for driving the screw rod to rotate; the special-shaped nut is engaged with the trapezoidal threads of the screw rod, and is used for engaging with the periphery of the viewing hole of the impact seat; The top head is arranged at the other end of the screw rod for directly contacting and jacking up the car hook support seat; and the top head retainer ring is sleeved on the screw rod and located near the top head for limiting the axial movement of the top head; When the tool is inserted into the viewing hole, the special-shaped nut is engaged with the impact seat, the handle is rotated to drive the screw rod to move axially, thereby driving the top head to jack up the car hook support seat, and resetting is realized.

[0007] Scheme II An application method of a car hook support seat resetting tool, which uses a car hook support seat resetting tool as described in Scheme I to reset a stuck car hook support seat; comprising the following steps: S1, preparing the tool: providing the car hook support seat resetting tool and ensuring that each component thereof is in an operable state; S2, positioning and placing: placing the top head end of the tool into the viewing hole of the impact seat, so that the special-shaped nut is engaged with the impact seat structure around the periphery of the viewing hole; S3, jacking operation: the operator holds and rotates the handle to drive the screw rod to move axially relative to the fixed special-shaped nut, thereby pushing the top head to abut against and jack up the stuck car hook support seat; S4, resetting confirmation: the jacking operation is continuously performed until the car hook support seat is reset to contact the stopper iron on the impact seat, and the original height of the car hook is restored; S5, withdrawing the tool: the handle is reversely rotated to make the screw rod retract the top head, and then the entire tool is taken out of the viewing hole.

[0008] The working principle and advantages of the present application are: The car hook support seat resetting tool and method of the present application can adapt to the railway field operation environment, are simple and efficient to operate, have a compact overall structure and are portable. The key points are: Firstly, the present scheme has high adaptability to the railway field operation scene, and the operation efficiency is significantly improved.

[0009] Compared with the traditional processing method which needs to rely on heavy jacks and temporary pads that need to be processed on site, the tooling constructs a mechanical system with extremely compact structure and highly specialized functions by integrating core components such as handles, trapezoidal thread screws, special nuts, top heads and retaining rings. The total weight is controlled at a very low level, and the overall size is also significantly reduced, so that maintenance personnel can easily carry it to any location where a railway fault occurs, greatly reducing labor intensity. More importantly, the core structure of the tooling can be directly placed through the inherent observation holes on both sides of the impact seat without any additional disassembly or preparation, and the force can be accurately applied to the stuck support seat; fundamentally avoiding the cumbersome process of lifting the entire coupler system in the traditional method, the preparation time before operation is minimized, creating unprecedented convenience for quick repair on space-limited and time-critical railway lines.

[0010] The scheme realizes the extreme simplification of the operation process and the pure humanization of the power source, thereby realizing the significant improvement of the operation efficiency and the great widening of the use scenarios.

[0011] The tooling discards complex hydraulic or electric systems and uniquely uses a trapezoidal thread pair as the core transmission mechanism. Only one operator needs to rotate the handle to efficiently convert the human moment into powerful axial jacking force, smoothly and reliably resetting the stuck support seat. This design eliminates the need for any external oil source, power source or compressed air during the entire resetting process, completely eliminating the dependence on large, expensive and inconvenient power equipment. Not only does it reduce equipment costs and maintenance complexity, but it also makes the tool particularly suitable for emergency operations on infrastructure-lacking field railway lines, tunnel sections or any remote sections, solving the long-standing problem of efficiently handling such faults in a power source-free environment.

[0012] The scheme has significant advantages in ensuring the controllability and reliability of the resetting effect.

[0013] Due to the use of a trapezoidal thread pair with self-locking characteristics, the tooling can effectively prevent reverse rotation or back-off during jacking and after reaching the position, ensuring operation safety and stability of the reset state. The jacking force is directly and concentratedly applied to a specific part of the support seat, which, combined with the adaptive design of the top head, can effectively avoid secondary damage such as pressure damage to the contact surface of the support seat or impact seat. The end point of the resetting process is naturally determined by the contact of the stop iron on the support seat and the impact seat. This physical limiting mechanism ensures that the coupler height can be accurately restored to the original design value, fundamentally eliminating the height error, pad displacement or loose connection that may occur in the traditional pad installation method, thereby restoring the vehicle coupling function in a short time and ensuring the safety of train operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the tool structure of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 2 Figure 2 is a top view of the tool structure of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 3 Figure 3 is a first schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tool in use of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 4 Figure 4 is a side view of the overall structure of the tool in use of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 5 Figure 5 is an A-A sectional view of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 4 Figure 6 is a B-B sectional view of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat; Figure 6 Figure 7 is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tool in use of the first embodiment of the present application for resetting a car coupler support seat.

[0015] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: handle 1, screw rod 2, special-shaped nut 3, nut body part 301, square part 302, top head 4, top head stop ring 5, impact seat 6, observation hole 601, car coupler support seat 7, stop iron 8, support spring 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments: Embodiment One The embodiment is basically as shown in the accompanying drawings: a tool for resetting a car coupler support seat 7 stuck in an impact seat 6, the impact seat 6 having an observation hole 601, comprising a screw rod 2, handle 1, special-shaped nut 3, top head 4 and top head stop ring 5. Figure 1 Figure 2 The screw rod 2, special-shaped nut 3, top head 4 and handle 1 are made of high-strength lightweight material, which includes aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, so as to realize lightweight on the premise of ensuring bearing strength. The total weight of the tool is less than 2 kg, and in this embodiment, the total weight of the complete tool is controlled to be about 1.5 kg, facilitating carrying in field operation.

[0017] The screw rod 2 is formed with trapezoidal threads; compared with ordinary triangular threads, the trapezoidal threads have the characteristics of high tooth root strength, good transmission efficiency, mature process and self-locking, and can meet the special needs of resetting operation (need to bear large axial load and keep position stable). In this embodiment, the pitch of the trapezoidal threads is 4-6 mm, so as to balance the operating force and moving speed.

[0018] The screw rod 2 is formed with trapezoidal threads; compared with ordinary triangular threads, the trapezoidal threads have the characteristics of high tooth root strength, good transmission efficiency, mature process and self-locking, and can meet the special needs of resetting operation (need to bear large axial load and keep position stable). In this embodiment, the pitch of the trapezoidal threads is 4-6 mm, so as to balance the operating force and moving speed.

[0019] ​The handle 1 is detachably connected to one end of the screw rod 2 for driving the screw rod 2 to rotate. Specifically, the bottom of the screw rod 2 is provided with a through hole, the axis direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the rod body of the screw rod 2, and the handle 1 is detachably connected to the screw rod 2 through the through hole.

[0020] The special-shaped nut 3 is engaged with the trapezoidal thread of the screw rod 2. Specifically, the special-shaped nut 3 is provided with a threaded hole, and a trapezoidal internal thread completely matched with the screw rod 2 is processed. The special-shaped nut 3 is used to engage with the periphery of the observation hole 601 of the impact seat 6. Specifically, the special-shaped nut 3 has a non-circular shape, which is used to prevent rotation in the observation hole 601 and ensure that the special-shaped nut 3 remains fixed during operation.

[0021] In this embodiment, the special-shaped nut 3 includes a nut body part 301 and a square part 302 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the nut body part 301 and integrally formed, and the non-circular shape is formed by the square part 302 structure. During operation, the operator places the special-shaped nut 3 at the observation hole 601 of the impact seat 6, and clamps it with the hole wall or the peripheral boss structure, so that when the screw rod 2 rotates, the special-shaped nut 3 itself will not rotate, but as a fixed counterforce support point, forcing the screw rod 2 to move axially relative to it.

[0022] The top head 4 is arranged at the other end of the screw rod 2 (specifically, the end of the screw rod 2 facing the car hook support seat 7), which is used to directly contact and lift the car hook support seat 7; the top head 4 is a flat head structure to adapt to the surface shape of the car hook support seat 7.

[0023] The top head stop ring 5 is sleeved on the screw rod 2 and located near the top head 4; specifically, the top head stop ring 5 is installed in the clamping groove of the screw rod 2 close to the top head 4. Its main function is to act as an axial limiting device to limit the axial movement of the top head 4, prevent the top head 4 from accidentally falling off the screw rod 2 during the lifting process or the return process, and further ensure the safety and integrity during the tool operation process.

[0024] Among them, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6 When the tool is inserted into the observation hole 601, the special-shaped nut 3 is engaged with the impact seat 6, the handle 1 is rotated to drive the screw rod 2 to move axially, thereby driving the top head 4 to lift the car hook support seat 7, and the reset is realized. When the car hook support seat 7 is reset, the top head 4 is in contact with the stop iron 8 on the impact seat 6, and the original height of the car hook is directly restored.

[0025] The embodiment also provides an application method of the car hook support seat reset tool. The car hook support seat 7 is reset by using the car hook support seat reset tool as described above; the method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of tooling: provide the car coupler support seat 7 reset tooling, ensure that each part is in an operable state.

[0026] S2, positioning and placing: the top head 4 end of the tooling is placed into the observation hole 601 of the impact seat 6, the profiled nut 3 is engaged with the impact seat 6 structure around the observation hole 601, and it is ensured that it will not rotate; at this time, the top head 4 should be roughly aligned with the part below the car coupler support seat 7 that needs to be jacked up.

[0027] S3, jacking operation: the operator holds and rotates the handle 1, drives the screw rod 2 to move axially relative to the fixed profiled nut 3, so as to push the top head 4 to abut and jack up the stuck car coupler support seat 7; S4, reset confirmation: continue the jacking operation until the car coupler support seat 7 is reset to contact the stop iron 8 on the impact seat 6, and the original height of the car coupler is restored; as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown; S5, withdraw tooling: reverse rotation of the handle 1, make the screw rod 2 retract the top head 4, and then take out the entire tooling from the observation hole 601.

[0028] The car coupler support seat reset tooling and method provided by the embodiment can adapt to the railway field operation environment, is simple and efficient to operate, has a compact and portable overall structure, and has a simple and fast overall operation process. Usually, it can be completed by one person in a few minutes, and efficiently solves the demand for on-site emergency handling.

[0029] Embodiment two A car coupler support seat reset tooling, on the basis of embodiment one, the trapezoidal thread on the screw rod 2 adopts a specific pitch parameter, preferably 5 mm. This value is a balance point verified by calculation and test: if the pitch is too small (such as 3 mm), although it saves effort, the reset speed is too slow and needs to be rotated too many times; if the pitch is too large (such as 8 mm), the operating force will increase significantly and it is difficult to realize single-person manual operation. The 5 mm pitch can provide sufficient jacking force while ensuring faster reset speed.

[0030] The tooth profile of the trapezoidal thread is optimized, and an R0.5 mm round corner transition is designed at the tooth root to eliminate sharp corners, significantly reduce stress concentration, improve the fatigue strength of the screw rod 2 under repeated loading, and avoid cracks at the thread root.

[0031] The material of the screw rod 2 is selected to be 42CrMo alloy steel, which is overall quenched and tempered (hardness reaches HRC28-32) to ensure strength and toughness, and the thread surface is further high-frequency quenched (surface hardness reaches HRC45-50) to greatly improve wear resistance.

[0032] And in the threaded hole of the nut 3 two ends of each set up a groove, the groove can fill high viscosity long-acting grease (such as lithium base grease of molybdenum disulfide).

[0033] The car hook support seat resetting tool and method provided by the embodiment can achieve the best balance between providing sufficient jacking force and ensuring operation speed (number of handle 1 rotation turns), and the screw rod 2 has high structural strength and the tool operation is more reliable; secondly, by additionally arranging the lubricating structure, the tool can still keep smooth transmission in a harsh environment of a railway field, and the tool can avoid being stuck due to rust or dry friction.

[0034] Embodiment three A car hook support seat resetting tool, on the basis of the first embodiment, the top end of the top head 4 is provided with a replaceable nylon pad block, which is used as a "sacrificial part" and is specially used for protecting the car hook support seat 7 from being damaged.

[0035] Preferably, a freely rotatable ball bearing can be embedded in the end of the top head 4, so that the top head 4 and the support seat are in rolling friction instead of sliding friction during jacking, which can save labor and can maximize the protection of the bottom surface of the support seat.

[0036] The car hook support seat resetting tool and method provided by the embodiment additionally have a protection design for the support seat, which can better protect the parts from being damaged.

[0037] The above-mentioned is only an embodiment of the present application, and the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme and other common knowledge are not described in detail, the ordinary skilled in the art knows all the ordinary technical knowledge in the field of the present application before the filing date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field and has the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before the date, the ordinary skilled in the art can improve and implement the scheme under the guidance of the present application, some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for the ordinary skilled in the art to implement the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A car coupler support pedestal reset tool, characterized by, A tool for resetting a coupler support shoe stuck in a striking seat, the striking seat having a viewing hole, comprising a screw rod, a handle, a special-shaped nut, a top head and a top head retainer ring; The screw rod is formed with trapezoidal thread; the handle is detachably connected to one end of the screw rod for driving the screw rod to rotate; the special-shaped nut is engaged with the trapezoidal thread of the screw rod, and is used for engaging with the periphery of the striking seat of the viewing hole; The top head is arranged at the other end of the screw rod for directly contacting and jacking up the coupler support shoe; and the top head retainer ring is sleeved on the screw rod and located near the top head for limiting the axial movement of the top head; When the tool is inserted into the viewing hole, the special-shaped nut is engaged with the striking seat, the handle is rotated to drive the screw rod to move axially, thereby driving the top head to jack up the coupler support shoe, and the resetting is realized.

2. The car coupler support seat resetting tool according to claim 1, wherein The special-shaped nut has a non-circular shape to prevent rotation in the viewing hole and ensure that the special-shaped nut remains fixed during operation.

3. The car coupler support pedestal reset tooling of claim 1, wherein, The top head is a flat head structure to adapt to the surface shape of the coupler support shoe.

4. The car coupler support pedestal reset tool of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the screw rod is provided with a through hole, the axis direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the rod body of the screw rod, and the handle is detachably connected with the screw rod through the through hole.

5. The car coupler support pedestal reset tool of claim 1, wherein, The total weight of the tool is less than 2 kg.

6. The car coupler support pedestal reset tool of claim 1, wherein, The pitch of the trapezoidal thread is 4-6 mm.

7. The car coupler support pedestal reset tool of claim 1, wherein, The screw rod, special-shaped nut, top head and handle are made of high-strength lightweight material, including aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.

8. The car coupler support pedestal reset tool of claim 1, wherein, When the coupler support shoe is reset, the top head contacts the stop iron on the striking seat to directly restore the original height of the coupler.

9. A method of using a car coupler support seat return tool, characterized by, A coupler support shoe resetting tool according to any one of claims 1-8 is used to reset a stuck coupler support shoe; comprising the following steps: S1, preparing the tool: providing the coupler support shoe resetting tool and ensuring that each component is in an operable state; S2, positioning and placing: placing the top head end of the tool into the viewing hole of the striking seat to engage the special-shaped nut with the striking seat structure around the periphery of the viewing hole; S3, jacking operation: the operator holds and rotates the handle to drive the screw rod to move axially relative to the fixed special-shaped nut, thereby pushing the top head to abut and jack up the stuck coupler support shoe; S4, resetting confirmation: the jacking operation is continued until the coupler support shoe is reset to contact the stop iron on the striking seat to restore the original height of the coupler; S5, withdrawing the tool: the handle is rotated in reverse to retract the top head driven by the screw rod, and then the entire tool is taken out of the viewing hole.

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