Compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components and application of compound fertilizer in prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight disease

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components and application of the compound fertilizer in prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight disease, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. The compound fertilizer containing the traditional Chinese medicine components is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 to 5 parts of radix puerariae, 4 to 6 parts of onion, 2 to 3 parts of herba menthae, 2 to 3 parts of flos chrysanthemi indici, 20 to 30 parts of humic acid, 1 to 1.5 parts of compound amino acid, 2 to 3 parts of microbial agent, 12 to 15 parts of soybean meal, 5 to 8 parts of silicon fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 30 to 40 parts of straw fermentation product. The compound fertilizer containing the traditional Chinese medicine components can effectively prevent and treat rice sheath blight disease, stimulate rice growth, improve rice seedling quality, develop rice root systems and improve rice tillering amount, thereby improving disease resistance and yield of rice.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients and the use thereof in the prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sheath blight, commonly found in rice, wheat, millet and other gramineous plants, is a fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The disease occurs from the tillering stage, and the later the occurrence, the more serious the disease. It mainly damages the leaf sheath and leaf near the water surface, and also damages the upper leaf sheath and leaf in severe cases. The initial lesion is oval, with a gray-green center. The lesion expands into irregular streaks. The leaf sheath and leaf die after the lesion expands, the tiller dies, and the plant cannot produce ears or bear fruit in severe cases. Early lodging may occur, and severe cases may result in plant death.

[0003] Currently, the prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight in agricultural production mainly relies on chemical agents such as Jinggangmycin, thifluzamide and triadimefon. Among them, Jinggangmycin is the most widely used. However, long-term use of a single agent to control diseases greatly increases the risk of pathogen resistance. Long-term use of chemical pesticides also causes serious problems such as pesticide residues, increased pathogen resistance and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to find a green and safe method for the prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients and the use thereof in the prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present application is a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-5 parts of pueraria, 4-6 parts of onion, 2-3 parts of mint, 2-3 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 1-1.5 parts of compound amino acid, 2-3 parts of microbial inoculant, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of silicon fertilizer, 10-15 parts of phosphorus fertilizer and 30-40 parts of straw fermented product.

[0007] Pueraria, onion, mint and wild chrysanthemum have a synergistic effect, which can effectively prevent and treat sheath blight and reduce the incidence of sheath blight.

[0008] Further, the preparation method of the compound amino acid comprises the following steps:

[0009] After the rice seeds and peanut seeds are crushed and mixed uniformly in water, compound protease is added for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate;

[0010] Centrifuging the enzymatic hydrolysate, taking the supernatant, deactivating the enzyme, and mixing with the dandelion extract to obtain the compound amino acid.

[0011] Further, the mass ratio of the rice seeds and the peanut seeds is 1: (2-3);

[0012] Further, the mass ratio of the rice seeds and the peanut seeds is 1: (2-3);

[0013] Further, the mass ratio of the rice seeds and the peanut seeds is 1: (2-3);

[0014] Further, the mass ratio of the rice seeds and the peanut seeds is 1: (2-3);

[0015] Further, the preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0016] Further, the preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0017] Further, the preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0018] Further, the preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0019] Further, the preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0020] The compound amino acid can improve the ratio of soil aggregates (especially large and small aggregates), improve the permeability of the soil, and reduce the incidence of diseases.

[0021] The compound amino acid can promote the growth and development of plants, indirectly improve the activity of CYP450 enzymes, improve the accumulation of flavonoids in plants, and further improve the ability of plants to resist diseases such as sheath blight.

[0022] Further, the microbial agent comprises the following components in the following mass fractions: 5-8 parts of Trichoderma viride, 4-6 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of Bacillus coagulans, and 3-4 parts of Rhodospirillum.

[0023] The synergistic effect of Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis can occupy the living space and material resources near the plant roots, prevent other pathogenic bacteria from infecting the plants, secrete extracellular enzymes to dissolve the cell walls of pathogenic bacteria and absorb nutrients, and further kill the pathogenic bacteria, and can secrete antibiotic substances to inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and pathogens.

[0024] Bacillus coagulans can reduce the content of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the environment, increase the content of amino acids in plants, and improve the ability of plants to resist diseases such as sheath blight.

[0025] Rhodospirillum can improve the photosynthetic capacity of plants, promote the growth and breeding of plants, and further improve the ability of plants to resist diseases.

[0026] Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodospirillum can synergistically inhibit diseases and improve the stress resistance of plants, thereby reducing the incidence of diseases.

[0027] Further, the preparation method of the straw ferment, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Mixing rice straw, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and phosphogypsum uniformly, stacking and fermenting to obtain the straw ferment.

[0029] The straw ferment can effectively promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, increase the buffering capacity and water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, enrich the beneficial microbial flora of the soil, improve the biological activity of the soil, improve the soil pH, and significantly condition and repair the facility soil, thereby reducing the incidence of diseases.

[0030] Further, the silicon fertilizer includes one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate;

[0031] And / or, the phosphorus fertilizer includes one or more of superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate.

[0032] Technical solution two of the application: a preparation method of the above-mentioned compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Pulverizing pueraria, onion, mint and wild chrysanthemum, and uniformly mixing with microbial inoculant and compound amino acid, granulating to obtain compound granules A;

[0034] Coating humic acid, soybean meal, silicon fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and straw ferment on the surface of the compound granules A to obtain compound granules B;

[0035] Spraying sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution on the surface of the compound granules B to obtain the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components.

[0036] Further, the particle size of the compound granules A is 0.3-0.5mm;

[0037] And / or, the concentration of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 1.5wt.%;

[0038] And / or, the use amount ratio of the compound granules B and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 10g:0.8-1.2mL.

[0039] Through the preparation of the fertilizer particles, the nutrient components and the disease-resistant substances can be slowly released while providing nutrition and shelter environment for the microorganisms, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and reducing the fertilization cost.

[0040] The third technical solution of the present application is application of the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components in the prevention and treatment of rice sheath blight.

[0041] The present application discloses the following technical effects:

[0042] The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine components can effectively prevent and treat rice sheath blight, stimulate rice growth, improve rice seedling quality, develop rice root system and increase rice tillering amount, thereby improving the disease resistance and yield of rice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the present application, but rather as a description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present application.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms used in the present application merely describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, for the numerical range in the present application, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the stated range is also included in the present application. The upper limit and the lower limit of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, preferred methods and materials are described. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe in full the methods and / or materials which are described in the cited documents. In case of conflict between the content of the specification and that of any document incorporated herein by reference, the content of the specification prevails.

[0046] Various modifications and changes can be made to the specific implementation of the present application described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other implementations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. The specification and examples given are exemplary only.

[0047] As used herein, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "have", "having" and the like are open-ended terms that are intended to mean including, but not limited to.

[0048] Symptoms of rice sheath blight and pathogen:

[0049] The pathogen of rice sheath blight is Rhizoctonia solani, belonging to the Deuteromycotina fungi, with strong saprophytic and wide host range, and likes high temperature and high humidity. The suitable temperature range for disease incidence is 10-36℃, the optimum growth temperature is 28-32℃, and the sclerotium germination requires more than 96% relative humidity, and is inhibited below 85%. The fungus is a soil resident, with a wide host range, and is a typical multi-host pathogen, which can harm 263 species of plants in 43 families under artificial inoculation conditions. Its sexual state is Thanatephorus cucumeris, belonging to the Basidiomycotina fungi.

[0050] The mycelium is colorless when young, and light brown when mature, with a diameter of 8-12μm. The branches are nearly at right angles to the main branches, with obvious overflow shrinkage at the base of the branches, and separation not far from the branches. Over Chong et al. (1985) determined that the rice sheath blight pathogen mycelium is multinucleate. Multinucleate strains have similar septal pore apparatus, with a diameter of 0.2-0.3μm micropore on the cell septum, with a circular hill membrane-like structure on both sides of the pore, a three-dimensional barrel-shaped septal pore apparatus with a height of 3μm and a diameter of 2μm.

[0051] Rice sheath blight can occur throughout the entire growth period of rice, with the most severe incidence from the tillering stage to the heading stage, damaging the sheath and leaves, and even the panicle and stem in severe cases. The sheath is damaged, with dark green water-stained spots at the water surface at the early stage of the disease, which gradually expand into oval shapes with light brown edges and gray-green centers, with a slightly wet appearance around the periphery. When the temperature is low, the edges are dark brown and the center is yellowish to grayish white. When the disease spreads, multiple irregular large patches often join together to form irregular cloud-like large patches, causing the leaves above the diseased area to turn yellow and die. The lesions on the leaves are similar to those on the sheath, often appearing on one side or both sides of the midrib. When environmental conditions are favorable for disease spread, the lesions are greenish, similar to scalding, with unclear edges. In severe cases, the leaves quickly turn yellow and rot. When the disease spreads slowly, the central part of the lesion is grayish-brown, the edges are dark brown, and the peripheral tissue is yellow. The stem is damaged, with gray-green patches at first, then expanding around the stem, causing a small section of the stem to turn yellow and brown, and in severe cases, causing the rice plant to lodge.

[0052] The current methods for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight include agricultural control, chemical control, and biological control:

[0053] (1) Agricultural control

[0054] The main methods of agricultural control of rice sheath blight include removing the pathogen, cultivation management, and breeding and using resistant and excellent varieties.

[0055] R. solani mainly overwinters in rice fields by sclerotia, and 60~70% of the sclerotia can germinate before rice is transplanted in the next year (Li et al., 2010). Therefore, the number of sclerotia in the field should be reduced, and the sclerotia collected in the corners or edges of the field should be removed and burned or buried outside the field before the seedbed is plowed and irrigated. The weeds and wild hosts should be eliminated (Guo et al., 2010). The sclerotia floating on the water surface should be collected after the field is irrigated, aiming to reduce the source of primary infection and effectively reduce the incidence of rice in the early stage, but this method wastes manpower and resources.

[0056] The selection of resistant varieties is a key measure for the comprehensive prevention and control of rice sheath blight, which can effectively reduce the damage of rice sheath blight. The resistance of rice to sheath blight is the result of a series of complex physical and chemical reactions between rice and pathogenic fungi. The content of wax cells and the degree of silicification in rice leaves are closely related to the resistance of rice varieties to sheath blight (Chen et al., 1992). For a long time, breeding for resistance to rice sheath blight has not made a real breakthrough. The genetic breeding of rice sheath blight resistance has not been effectively carried out in most rice-producing countries. So far, no immune or highly resistant varieties have been found. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the rice sheath blight fungus has strong saprophytic and wide host range characteristics (Huang et al., 2007).

[0057] (2) Biological control

[0058] Biological control of plant diseases is to reduce the number of pathogens or weaken the pathogenic activity of pathogens through one or more organisms other than humans, thereby reducing the occurrence of diseases caused by pathogens. At present, more than 100 species of bacteria, more than 500 species of fungi, more than 700 species of viruses, and more than 4000 species of plants have been found to have biological control effects, which can be used for the control of diseases, pests and weeds (Xie et al., 2008; Tan et al., 2006). Biological control of rice sheath blight in China began in the 1990s. Rice sheath blight is a soil-borne disease, and the use of beneficial microorganisms for biological control is economical and effective (Liu et al., 2009). Biocontrol agents include bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi. However, the use of these antagonistic microorganisms for biological control of rice sheath blight is still in the experimental research stage. These studies are mainly aimed at the isolation and screening of fungi and bacteria with antagonistic effects from the rhizosphere soil. The stability and durability of the effect of biocontrol agents after application are still lacking (Wang et al., 2004).

[0059] (3) Chemical control

[0060] Chemical control is an effective measure for disease control. The main agents for controlling rice sheath blight include the compound pesticides of tebuconazole, propiconazole, hexaconazole, and thifluzamide. At present, the most commonly used agent is Jingangmycin and its compound. Researchers are also developing more efficient and safe pesticides from the aspects of control effect, persistence, and safety. For example, Tang Qinghong et al. found that a fluorine-containing heterocyclic aromatic amide compound SICO-FF-184 has a better protective activity than the control and a high safety to rice at the recommended dose. The general control index is to start spraying when the incidence of rice sheath blight reaches 20%, and it is appropriate to spray before and after heading. The high-fertilizer field should start spraying before the end of rice tillering, and then spray once every certain period according to the field disease situation. The use of chemical agents must be controlled, and the dilute solution of the agent should be sprayed on the middle and lower parts of the plant stems and leaves. Generally, it is beneficial to improve the control effect to spray in the morning when there is dew. However, the large-scale use of chemical pesticides poses great risks to human health, food safety, and environmental protection.

[0061] The "parts" in the following examples are "mass parts".

[0062] The Rhizoctonia solani, Trichoderma virens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Rhodospirillum rubrum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Trichoderma harzianum used in the application are commercially available. The effective viable count of Trichoderma virens is 1.0×10 8 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 3.0×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus coagulans is 5.0×10 8 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Rhodospirillum rubrum is 1.0×10 7 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1.0×10 10 cfu / g, and the effective viable count of Trichoderma harzianum is 8.0×10 8 cfu / g.

[0063] The Pueraria lobata used in the application is the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi; the onion is fresh onion; the Mentha haplocalyx is dried Mentha haplocalyx leaf; and the wild chrysanthemum is dried wild chrysanthemum plant (not including root).

[0064] Example 1

[0065] A compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0066] (1) The compound fertilizer containing Chinese medicine ingredients is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: Pueraria 4 parts, onion 4 parts, mint 3 parts, wild chrysanthemum 3 parts, humic acid 25 parts, compound amino acid 1.5 parts, microbial agent 3 parts, soybean meal 15 parts, silicon fertilizer (sodium silicate) 6 parts, phosphorus fertilizer (monoammonium phosphate) 12 parts, and straw fermented product 30 parts.

[0067] The preparation method of the compound amino acid is as follows:

[0068] A. The water rice seeds and peanut seeds are crushed to 100 mesh at a mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder is mixed with water (the amount ratio of the mixed powder to water is 1 g:10 mL) and then compound protease (the amount of the compound protease is 0.5% of the mass of the mixed powder) is added for enzymolysis (the temperature of the enzymolysis is 55°C and the time is 10 h) to obtain an enzymolysis solution.

[0069] B. Preparation of the dandelion extract: The dandelion plants are dried and crushed to obtain dandelion powder. The dandelion powder is added to a 70 vol.% ethanol solution (the amount ratio of the dandelion powder to the ethanol solution is 1 g:10 mL) for ultrasonic extraction (the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 350 W and the time is 2 h). The ethanol in the extraction solution is removed to obtain the dandelion extract.

[0070] C. The enzymolysis solution is centrifuged (10000 rpm for 5 min), and the supernatant is inactivated (121°C, 20 min) to obtain an amino acid extraction solution. The amino acid extraction solution and the dandelion extract are mixed at a volume ratio of 10:4 to obtain the compound amino acid.

[0071] The microbial agent is composed of the following components in parts by mass: Trichoderma viride 6 parts, Bacillus subtilis 6 parts, Bacillus coagulans 2.5 parts, and Rhodospirillum 4 parts.

[0072] The preparation method of the straw fermented product is as follows: The water rice straw, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and phosphogypsum are mixed uniformly at a ratio of 100:0.1:10, the water content is adjusted to 55%, and the mixture is stacked into a fermentation pile with a length of 2 m, a width of 1 m, and a height of 1 m for fermentation (the temperature of the fermentation is 50°C). The pile is turned over every 7 days during the fermentation, and the fermentation is performed for 35 days to obtain the straw fermented product.

[0073] (2) Preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0074] A. The Pueraria, onion, mint, and wild chrysanthemum are dried and crushed to 200 mesh, and then mixed uniformly with the microbial agent and the compound amino acid. A starch aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt.% is sprayed to form granules at a low temperature (40°C) to obtain compound granules A with a particle size of 0.4 mm.

[0075] B. In the composite particles A, a mixed powder (particle size of 100 mesh) of humic acid, soybean meal, silicon fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and straw ferment was added and sprayed on a starch aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt.%, so that the mixed powder was wrapped on the surface of the composite particles A, to obtain composite particles B.

[0076] C. On the surface of the composite particles B, a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with a concentration of 1.5 wt.% was sprayed (the usage ratio of the composite particles B and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was 10 g: 1.0 mL), and low-temperature drying (40°C) was performed, to obtain the composite fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] A composite fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0079] (1) The composite fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients was composed of the following raw materials in mass fractions: 5 parts of kudzu root, 4 parts of onion, 2 parts of mint, 3 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 30 parts of humic acid, 1 part of composite amino acid, 2 parts of microbial inoculant, 12 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of silicon fertilizer (potassium silicate), 15 parts of phosphorus fertilizer (calcium phosphate) and 40 parts of straw ferment.

[0080] The preparation method of the composite amino acid was as follows:

[0081] A. Water rice seeds and peanut seeds with a mass ratio of 1:2.5 were crushed to 100 mesh to obtain a mixed powder, the mixed powder was added into water (the usage ratio of the mixed powder and water was 1 g: 10 mL) and mixed uniformly, then a composite protease (the usage amount of the composite protease was 0.4% of the mass of the mixed powder) was added for enzymolysis (the temperature of the enzymolysis was 50°C, and the time was 10 h), to obtain an enzymolysis liquid.

[0082] B. Preparation of dandelion extract: the dandelion plants were dried and crushed to obtain dandelion powder, the dandelion powder was added into an ethanol solution with a concentration of 60 vol.% (the usage ratio of the dandelion powder and the ethanol solution was 1 g: 8 mL) for ultrasonic extraction (the power of the ultrasonic extraction was 400 W, and the time was 2 h), then the ethanol in the extraction liquid was removed, to obtain the dandelion extract.

[0083] C. The enzymolysis liquid was centrifuged (10000 rpm for 5 min), the supernatant was inactivated (121°C, 20 min) to obtain an amino acid extraction liquid, and the amino acid extraction liquid and the dandelion extract were mixed according to a volume ratio of 10:3, to obtain the composite amino acid.

[0084] The microbial inoculant was composed of the following components in mass fractions: 8 parts of Trichoderma viride, 4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of Bacillus coagulans and 3 parts of Rhodospirillum.

[0085] The preparation method of the straw fermentation product is as follows: rice straw, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and phosphogypsum are mixed uniformly according to the ratio of 100:0.1:10, the moisture content is adjusted to 55%, and the fermentation is carried out by stacking into a fermentation pile with the length, width and height of 2 m, 1 m and 1 m (the fermentation temperature is 45℃), the pile is turned over every 7 days during the fermentation, and the fermentation is carried out for 35 days to obtain the straw fermentation product.

[0086] (2) Preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0087] A. The pueraria, onion, mint and wild chrysanthemum are dried and crushed to 200 mesh, then mixed uniformly with microbial inoculum and compound amino acid, sprayed with a 2wt.% starch aqueous solution at low temperature (40℃) to obtain compound particles A with a particle size of 0.3mm.

[0088] B. The mixed powder (particle size of 100 mesh) of humic acid, soybean meal, silicon fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and straw fermentation product is added to the compound particles A, and is sprayed with a 2wt.% starch aqueous solution to wrap the mixed powder on the surface of the compound particles A, to obtain compound particles B.

[0089] C. The surface of the compound particles B is sprayed with a 1.5wt.% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution (the ratio of the amount of compound particles B to the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 10g:1.2mL), and is dried at low temperature (40℃) to obtain the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] A compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0092] (1) The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients is composed of the following raw materials in mass fraction: pueraria 3 parts, onion 6 parts, mint 3 parts, wild chrysanthemum 2 parts, humic acid 20 parts, compound amino acid 1.5 parts, microbial inoculum 3 parts, soybean meal 14 parts, silicon fertilizer (potassium silicate) 5 parts, phosphorus fertilizer (monoammonium phosphate) 10 parts and straw fermentation product 35 parts.

[0093] The preparation method of the compound amino acid is as follows:

[0094] A. The water rice seeds and peanut seeds are crushed to 100 mesh at a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a mixed powder, the mixed powder is mixed uniformly in water (the ratio of the amount of mixed powder to the amount of water is 1g:10mL), and then compound protease (the amount of compound protease is 0.6% of the mass of mixed powder) is added for enzymolysis (the temperature of enzymolysis is 55℃, and the time is 12h) to obtain an enzymolysis liquid.

[0095] B. Preparation of the dandelion extract: The dandelion plant is dried and crushed to obtain dandelion powder. The dandelion powder is added to an ethanol solution with a concentration of 70 vol.% (the ratio of the amount of dandelion powder to the amount of ethanol solution is 1 g:8 mL) to perform ultrasonic extraction (the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 300 W, and the time is 1 h). Then, the ethanol in the extraction liquid is removed to obtain the dandelion extract.

[0096] C. The enzymatic hydrolysate is centrifuged (10000 rpm for 5 min), and the supernatant is inactivated (121℃, 20 min) to obtain an amino acid extract. The amino acid extract and the dandelion extract are mixed at a volume ratio of 10:5 to obtain the compound amino acid.

[0097] The microbial agent is composed of the following components in mass parts: Trichoderma viride 5 parts, Bacillus subtilis 5 parts, Bacillus coagulans 2 parts, and Rhodospirillum 4 parts.

[0098] The preparation method of the straw fermentation product is as follows: rice straw, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and phosphogypsum are mixed uniformly at a ratio of 100:0.1:10, the moisture content is adjusted to 55%, and the mixture is stacked into a fermentation pile with a length of 2 m, a width of 1 m, and a height of 1 m to perform fermentation (the fermentation temperature is 50℃). The pile is turned over every 7 days during the fermentation, and the fermentation is performed for 35 days to obtain the straw fermentation product.

[0099] (2) Preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients:

[0100] A. The radix puerariae, onion, mint, and wild chrysanthemum are dried and crushed to 200 mesh, and then mixed uniformly with the microbial agent and the compound amino acid. A starch aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt.% is sprayed to perform low-temperature granulation (40℃) to obtain compound granules A with a particle size of 0.5 mm.

[0101] B. The mixed powder of humic acid, soybean meal, silicon fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and straw fermentation product (with a particle size of 100 mesh) is added to the compound granules A, and a starch aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt.% is sprayed to wrap the mixed powder on the surface of the compound granules A to obtain compound granules B.

[0102] C. A sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with a concentration of 1.5 wt.% is sprayed on the surface of the compound granules B (the ratio of the amount of compound granules B to the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 10 g:0.8 mL), and low-temperature drying (40℃) is performed to obtain the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] The same as Example 1, except that the radix puerariae is replaced by equal mass of ligustrum lucidum, and the mint is replaced by equal mass of radix anemarrhena.

[0105] Comparative Example 2

[0106] The same as Example 1, except that the compound fertilizer does not contain Pueraria, mint and wild chrysanthemum.

[0107] Comparative Example 3

[0108] The same as Example 1, except that the compound amino acid is replaced by mixed amino acid of equal mass (the mixed amino acid is composed of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan in equal mass ratio).

[0109] Comparative Example 4

[0110] The same as Example 1, except that the compound amino acid is an amino acid extract, and does not contain dandelion extract.

[0111] Comparative Example 5

[0112] The same as Example 1, except that the Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent are replaced by equal mass fraction of Trichoderma harzianum.

[0113] Comparative Example 6

[0114] The same as Example 1, except that the preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing Chinese medicine ingredients is as follows: after all raw materials are mixed uniformly, they are crushed to 100 mesh, and low-temperature (40℃) granulation is performed by spraying a starch aqueous solution with a concentration of 2wt.%, to obtain compound particles with a particle size of 3mm.

[0115] A sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with a concentration of 1.5wt.% is sprayed on the surface of the compound particles (the usage ratio of the compound particles to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 10g:1.0mL), and low-temperature drying (40℃) is performed, to obtain the compound fertilizer containing Chinese medicine ingredients.

[0116] Comparative Example 7

[0117] The same as Example 1, except that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the straw fermentation product is replaced by equal mass of Bacillus coagulans; and phosphogypsum is replaced by equal mass of attapulgite.

[0118] Effect Example 1

[0119] Pot experiment:

[0120] The pot experiment uses pottery pots with an inner diameter of the pot opening, a bottom inner diameter and a height of 15cm, 13cm and 15cm respectively, and each pot contains 3kg of soil.

[0121] The pot experiment has 10 treatment groups and 1 control group, and each treatment has 25 pots, and each pot plants two rice plants (variety is Xiangzaoxian No. 28).

[0122] The first treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0123] The second treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0124] The third treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 3 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0125] The fourth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 1 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0126] The fifth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 2 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0127] The sixth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 3 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0128] The seventh treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 4 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0129] The eighth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 5 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0130] The ninth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 6 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0131] The tenth treatment group applied the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 7 as base fertilizer, and the amount of the compound fertilizer (dry weight) was 0.2% of the soil mass (dry weight);

[0132] The control group did not apply any fertilizer.

[0133] In the differentiation stage of the rice young ear, 50 mL of Rhizoctonia solani spore suspension (1×10 6 After 5 days, 20 days and 30 days of pathogenic bacteria irrigation, the disease index was counted, and the control effect was calculated.

[0134] The disease classification standard is as follows:

[0135] 0 level, no disease on the whole plant;

[0136] Grade 1, the fourth leaf and its below each leaf sheath, leaf blade disease (with the first leaf as the sword leaf);

[0137] Grade 3, the third leaf and its below each leaf sheath, leaf blade disease;

[0138] Grade 5, the second leaf and its below each leaf sheath, leaf blade disease;

[0139] Grade 7, the sword leaf and its below each leaf sheath, leaf blade disease;

[0140] Grade 9, the whole plant disease, early death.

[0141] The relevant calculation method is as follows: disease index = ∑ (number of each grade of diseased leaves x corresponding disease grade value) / (total number of survey leaves x 9) x 100;

[0142] Preventive effect (%) = (disease index of control area - disease index of treatment area) / disease index of control area x 100%.

[0143] Table 1 Preventive effect of compound fertilizer on rice sheath blight

[0144]

[0145] Table 2 Preventive effect of compound fertilizer on rice sheath blight

[0146]

[0147] Example 2

[0148] Field experiment:

[0149] (1) The rice planting area is divided into several 200m 2 blocks, and the compound fertilizer prepared in the examples and comparative examples is applied as basal fertilizer in different blocks, and the application amount is 20 kg / mu, each treatment is repeated 3 times, and the block without applying compound fertilizer is used as the control group.

[0150] (2) Transplant rice (variety Xiangzaoxian No. 28) at 4-leaf stage, with 20 cm x 20 cm, 2-3 plants per hole.

[0151] (3) Perform routine field management, and do not apply agents for preventing and treating rice sheath blight during the period.

[0152] Investigate the disease index and preventive effect of rice sheath blight after the rice heading, and investigate the yield of rice after the rice harvesting, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0153] According to the damage of rice leaf sheath and leaf, the grade is divided, 5 points are sampled on the diagonal line of the plot, 5 holes are investigated for each point, a total of 25 holes, the disease index is counted, and the preventive effect is calculated.

[0154] Table 3: The prevention effect of the compound fertilizer on rice sheath blight

[0155]

[0156] As shown in Tables 1-3, the compound fertilizer prepared by the present application can improve the prevention effect on rice sheath blight and the yield of rice.

[0157] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred modes of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 3-5 parts kudzu root, 4-6 parts onion, 2-3 parts mint, 2-3 parts wild chrysanthemum, 20-30 parts humic acid, 1-1.5 parts compound amino acids, 2-3 parts microbial inoculant, 12-15 parts soybean meal, 5-8 parts silicon fertilizer, 10-15 parts phosphate fertilizer, and 30-40 parts fermented straw.

2. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the complex amino acid includes the following steps: After crushing rice seeds and peanut seeds, mix them evenly with water, then add a compound protease for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate; Centrifuge the enzymatic hydrolysate, collect the supernatant to inactivate the enzyme, and mix it with dandelion extract to obtain the complex amino acids.

3. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the rice seeds to the peanut seeds is 1:(2~3); And / or, the amount of the complex protease added is 0.4-0.6% of the total mass of rice and peanut seeds; And / or, the enzymatic hydrolysis is performed at a temperature of 50-55°C for 10-12 hours; And / or, the volume ratio of the supernatant to the dandelion extract is 10:(3~5).

4. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the dandelion extract includes the following steps: The dandelion plant was crushed and then added to an ethanol solution for ultrasonic extraction. The ethanol was then removed from the extract to obtain the dandelion extract. And / or, the ratio of the dandelion plant to the ethanol solution is 1g:8~10mL; And / or, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70 vol.%; And / or, the ultrasonic extraction power is 300~400W, and the time is 1~2h.

5. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of Trichoderma viride, 4-6 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of Bacillus coagulans, and 3-4 parts of Rhodospirillum.

6. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the straw fermentation product includes the following steps: Rice straw, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and phosphogypsum are mixed evenly and piled up for fermentation to obtain the straw fermentation product.

7. The compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicon fertilizer includes one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and sodium metasilicate; And / or, the phosphate fertilizer includes one or more of superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, and diammonium phosphate.

8. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After pulverizing kudzu root, onion, mint, and wild chrysanthemum, mix them evenly with microbial inoculants and compound amino acids, and granulate them to obtain compound particles A. Humic acid, soybean meal, silicon fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and fermented straw are coated on the surface of the composite particle A to obtain composite particle B; A sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was sprayed onto the surface of the composite particles B to obtain the compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The particle size of the composite particle A is 0.3~0.5mm; And / or, the concentration of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 1.5 wt.%; And / or, the ratio of the composite particle B to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 10g:0.8~1.2mL.

10. The application of a compound fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the prevention and control of rice sheath blight.

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