Water-based quick-drying fireproof coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-based quick-drying fireproof coating and a preparation method thereof. The water-based quick-drying fireproof coating comprises polyacrylic resin, a water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, a flame retardant, reinforced fibers, a pigment filler, an early strength agent, a corrosion inhibitor, an auxiliary agent, a drier and water. The fireproof coating disclosed by the invention is high in drying rate, high in bonding strength and environment-friendly, and can be rapidly expanded to form a fireproof heat-insulating protective layer when a fire disaster occurs, so that the fire endurance of a steel structure is improved, and the situation that a building collapses due to the fact that the steel structure loses supporting force is avoided; and meanwhile, the composite material has excellent corrosion resistance, weather resistance and vibration fatigue resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fireproof coatings, and particularly relates to a water-based fast-drying fireproof coating and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the application process of the fireproof coating, there are on-site construction conditions such as wet surface and humid environment and tight construction period, and therefore higher requirements are put forward for the construction performance and drying rate of the fireproof coating. The water-based fireproof coating can be directly applied on the wet surface and humid environment, has good adaptability to the surface of the base material, and has strong coating adhesion. Meanwhile, with the enhancement of environmental protection requirements and environmental protection awareness, the water-based fireproof coating is more and more favored by the market. However, the water-based fireproof coating has a slow drying rate, which leads to a long construction period in the on-site construction. In addition, the water-based coating has low bonding strength and poor water resistance in the application process. Therefore, in view of the on-site conditions of the fireproof coating and the performance deficiencies of the water-based fireproof coating, a water-based fireproof coating with fast drying and high strength needs to be developed. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the application provides a water-based fast-drying fireproof coating. The fireproof coating has good adhesion to steel, long fire resistance time, good corrosion resistance, and fast drying rate, and uses polyacrylic resin as a film-forming material, soluble calcium salt as an early strength agent, alcohol as a drying catalyst, and water as a solvent. It has been verified that the fireproof coating has a surface drying time of less than 6 hours, preferably less than 4 hours, and more than 3 hours; a bonding strength of more than 4.2 MPa, preferably more than 5 MPa; a fire resistance time of more than 100 minutes, preferably more than 115 minutes; and an expansion ratio of more than 27.

[0004] The application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] On the one hand, the application provides a water-based fast-drying fireproof coating, which comprises polyacrylic resin, water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, flame retardant, reinforcing fiber, pigment and filler, early strength agent, corrosion inhibitor, additive, drying catalyst, and water.

[0006] Preferably, the water-based fast-drying fireproof coating comprises, in terms of mass fraction, 25-60 parts of polyacrylic resin, 0-6 parts of water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, 30-65 parts of flame retardant, 0.1-2 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5-20 parts of pigment and filler, 0.5-10 parts of early strength agent, 0.02-2 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 1-10 parts of additive, 0-5 parts of drying catalyst, and 10-30 parts of water.

[0007] Preferably, the water-based fast-drying fire-retardant paint comprises, in parts by mass, 35-60 parts of polyacrylic resin, 0-4 parts of water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, 49-65 parts of flame retardant, 1-2 parts of reinforcing fiber, 14-20 parts of pigment and filler, 5-10 parts of early strength agent, 0.3 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 3-3.5 parts of auxiliary agent, 2-3 parts of drying agent, and 12-16 parts of water. Preferably, the polyacrylic resin is selected from one or more of polyacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, polyhydroxypropyl acrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid hydroxyethyl ester, polymethacrylic acid hydroxypropyl ester, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, and polyacrylic acid salts, polymethacrylic acid salts, acrylic acid salts-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid salts-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid salts-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid salts-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid salts-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid salts-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid salts-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid salts-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, and acrylic acid salts-methacrylic acid salts-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0008] Preferably, the polyacrylic resin is selected from one or more of polyacrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate), acrylic acid- hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, polyacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium), poly(meth)acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium), acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-methacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0009] Preferably, the polyacrylic resin is selected from polyacrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate), acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0010] Preferably, the content of polyvinylidene chloride in the aqueous polyvinylidene chloride emulsion is 20%-50%, preferably 30%, in terms of mass percentage.

[0011] Preferably, the flame retardant comprises a char-forming catalyst, a foaming agent, and a char-forming agent, with a mass ratio of (2-3.0):1:(0.7-1).

[0012] Preferably, the char-forming catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate with a degree of polymerization greater than 1000.

[0013] Preferably, the foaming agent is selected from at least one of melamine and melamine phosphate.

[0014] Preferably, the char-forming agent is selected from at least one of mono- pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, and pentaerythritol phosphate.

[0015] Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is selected from at least one of aluminosilicate fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber and zirconium oxide fiber.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the reinforcing fiber is 0.2-4.0 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from at least one of aluminum silicate powder, nano-alumina, aluminum hydroxide, titanium dioxide, silica aerogel, wollastonite, bentonite, kaolin, zinc oxide, zinc borate, zirconium dioxide, antimony trioxide, boron nitride, and expandable graphite.

[0018] More preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from at least one of silica aerogel, titanium dioxide, and nano-alumina.

[0019] Most preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from all of silica aerogel, titanium dioxide and nano alumina, with a mass ratio of (0.2-0.6):(4-16):(0.4-3.5).

[0020] Preferably, the early strength agent is selected from soluble calcium salts, including calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium disodium EDTA (calcium EDTA), and at least one of sodium alginate combined with the above soluble calcium salts.

[0021] Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of nitrite, citrate, silicate, molybdate, benzotriazole and its derivatives, benzothiazole and its derivatives, imidazoline and its derivatives, and imidazole and its derivatives.

[0022] More preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of silicates, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, benzothiazoles and their derivatives, imidazolines and their derivatives, and imidazoles and their derivatives. For example, corrosion inhibitors 131 and 168 are selected.

[0023] Preferably, the additive is selected from at least one of thickening and softening agents, defoamers, dispersants, thixotropic agents, and leveling agents.

[0024] Preferably, the thickening and softening agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyethylene oxide (PEO).

[0025] Preferably, the thickening and softening agent comprises 0.02-0.1 parts by weight in the water-based quick-drying fire retardant coating.

[0026] Preferably, the defoamer may be BYK-014 manufactured by BYK Corporation.

[0027] Preferably, the dispersant may be BYK-4509 manufactured by BYK Corporation.

[0028] Preferably, the thixotropic agent may be BYK-420 manufactured by BYK Corporation.

[0029] Preferably, the leveling agent may be BYK-3060 manufactured by BYK Corporation.

[0030] Preferably, in the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating, any one of the defoamer, dispersant, thixotropic agent and leveling agent is 0.01-1.0 parts by weight;

[0031] Preferably, the drying agent is selected from at least one of ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, and butanol. This invention, by adding an early-strength agent, not only promotes the surface drying of the fire-retardant coating but also improves its adhesive strength; by adding a drying agent, the coating curing is accelerated, reducing drying time by approximately 50%. In summary, the water-based fast-drying fire-retardant coating of this invention meets the performance requirements of GB14907-2018 "Fire-retardant Coatings for Steel Structures," possessing fast drying and high adhesive strength. In the event of a fire, it rapidly expands to form a fire-resistant and heat-insulating protective layer, improving the fire resistance limit of the steel structure and preventing the building from collapsing due to loss of structural support. Simultaneously, the water-based fast-drying fire-retardant coating of this invention exhibits excellent weather resistance and vibration fatigue resistance. Furthermore, the water-based fast-drying fire-retardant coating of this invention has no VOC emissions and is easy to apply. On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned water-based quick-drying fireproof coating. The method includes adding an early strength agent, polyacrylic resin, water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, drying agent and water into a dispersion vessel and stirring. Then, flame retardant, reinforcing fiber, pigments and fillers, corrosion inhibitor and additives are added in sequence and stirred for 30-60 minutes to obtain the coating.

[0032] The water-based quick-drying fireproof coating prepared by this invention can be adjusted in terms of consistency by adding an appropriate amount of water during use, depending on the process, such as spraying, roller coating or brushing.

[0033] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a construction process for the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating, the process comprising: cleaning the steel structure surface to be coated, and spraying, rolling or brushing the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating onto the steel structure surface once or multiple times until the dry film thickness reaches 2-4 mm.

[0034] In this instruction manual, the mass parts of each component represent the mass ratio between the components, not the actual mass number. Depending on the actual situation, 1 mass part can be any mass number, such as 1g, 5g, 10g, 50g, 250g, 500g, 1kg, 1 ton, etc.

[0035] The water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating of this invention comprises a polyacrylic resin polymer. The resin molecules and the soluble calcium salt in the accelerator form a cross-linked network structure through hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding. As the concentration of the polymer increases, the degree of cross-linking of the polymer network structure further increases, and the adhesive strength is further improved. After drying, it can bond with other components in the fire-retardant coating and form a high-strength bond with the substrate surface. However, although increasing the polymer concentration or the content of the accelerator increases the adhesive strength, it affects the expansion effect (e.g., expansion ratio), which in turn affects the fire-retardant effect. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably control the amount of polyacrylic resin and the accelerator to achieve high adhesive strength, while also ensuring good expansion ratio and fire-retardant effect.

[0036] The water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating of the present invention combines polyacrylic resin with early-strength agents such as calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA sodium calcium), and sodium alginate combined with the above-mentioned soluble calcium salt composition to obtain a water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating with fast adhesion, high strength, high durability and corrosion resistance.

[0037] The water-based fast-drying fireproof coating of the present invention combines driers such as ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, and butanol with water to increase the evaporation rate of the diluent and significantly shorten the coating drying time.

[0038] The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that the water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating of the present invention, by combining polyacrylic resin with corrosion inhibitors such as citrate, nitrite, silicate, molybdate, benzotriazole and its derivatives, benzothiazole and its derivatives, imidazoline and its derivatives, and imidazole and its derivatives, obtains a corrosion-resistant water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating.

[0039] When the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating provided by this invention is subjected to open flame combustion and high-temperature baking, the polyacrylic resin reacts with other raw material components to obtain a dense carbon layer and a new inorganic layer, which gives it a better heat insulation effect.

[0040] The water-based quick-drying fireproof coating of the present invention does not contain benzene and / or toluene in its raw materials, and therefore does not release harmful substances during preparation and application, making it environmentally friendly and friendly to operators. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available products. The purchase details of some raw materials are as follows:

[0043] Polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer: Nanjing Zhenzhi New Material Technology Co., Ltd., resin solid content 30%-45wt%;

[0044] Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose: Beijing Qianmen Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity 100,000-300,000 mPa·s;

[0045] Polyethylene oxide: Nebula Chemical Co., Ltd.; molecular weight 8 million-12 million;

[0046] Waterborne polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion: Hubei Wande Chemical Co., Ltd., PVDC content 30wt%;

[0047] Ammonium polyphosphate (degree of polymerization greater than 1000), melamine, melamine phosphate, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol: Nanjing Hualiming Science & Technology Co., Ltd.

[0048] Pentaerythritol phosphate: Qingyuan Prosefur Phosphate Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0049] Silica aerogel, titanium dioxide: Nanjing Hualimingke Industry & Trade Co., Ltd.;

[0050] Aluminosilicate fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber: Alsay (Suzhou) Inorganic Materials Co., Ltd., where the length of aluminosilicate fiber and basalt fiber is 0.5-4.0mm, and the length of carbon fiber is 0.2-3.0mm;

[0051] Calcium formate, calcium acetate: Suzhou Zhuosheng Environmental Protection Co., Ltd.;

[0052] Calcium propionate: Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0053] Calcium lactate, calcium disodium EDTA (EDTA sodium calcium): Maclean Chemicals, Inc.

[0054] Corrosion inhibitors 131 and 168: Zhengzhou Huahe New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0055] Defoamer BYK-014, dispersant BYK-4509, thixotropic agent BYK-420, leveling agent BYK-3060: BYK Corporation.

[0056] The fire-retardant coatings in the following examples and comparative examples were prepared by the following steps:

[0057] Polyacrylic resin, waterborne polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, drier, and water are added to a dispersion vessel and stirred for 10-20 minutes. Then, flame retardant, reinforcing fibers, pigments and fillers, early strength agent, corrosion inhibitor, and additives are added sequentially, and the mixture is stirred for 30-60 minutes to obtain the final product. If necessary, an appropriate amount of water can be added during the preparation process to adjust the consistency of the coating.

[0058] Examples 1-12 A water-based quick-drying fireproof coating

[0059] The water-based quick-drying fireproof coatings described in Examples 1-12 are composed of polyacrylic resin, water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, flame retardant, reinforcing fiber, pigments and fillers, early strength agent, drying agent, corrosion inhibitor, additives, and water. The raw material composition is shown in Tables 1 and 2, wherein 1 part by mass = 1 kg.

[0060] The water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating is prepared according to the above method. It is then sprayed, rolled, or brushed onto a cleaned steel structure once or multiple times. After drying and curing, an intumescent fire-retardant coating with a thickness of 2-4 mm is obtained.

[0061] Table 1. Raw material composition of water-based quick-drying fireproof materials in Examples 1-6 (unit: parts by mass)

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Table 2 Raw material composition of water-based quick-drying fireproof materials in Examples 7-12 (unit: parts by mass)

[0065]

[0066] Comparative Examples 1-10 A water-based quick-drying fireproof material

[0067] The water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coatings of Comparative Examples 1-10 are composed of polyacrylic resin, water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, flame retardant, reinforcing fiber, pigments and fillers, early strength agent, drying agent, corrosion inhibitor, additives and water. The raw material composition is shown in Table 3, where 1 part by mass = 1 kg.

[0068] The water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating is prepared according to the above method. It is then sprayed, rolled, or brushed onto a cleaned steel structure once or multiple times. After drying and curing, an intumescent fire-retardant coating with a thickness of 2-4 mm is obtained.

[0069] Table 3. Raw material composition of comparative examples 1-10 water-based quick-drying fire retardant materials (unit: parts by mass)

[0070]

[0071] Test Examples: Performance testing of water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coatings in Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-10

[0072] The performance of the fire-retardant coatings in each example and comparative example was tested in accordance with GB 14907-2018 "Fire-retardant Coatings for Steel Structures" and GB / T 13477.10-2017 "Test Methods for Building Sealing Materials - Part 10: Determination of Adhesion at a Fixed Elongation". The results are shown in Tables 4, 5 and 6, respectively.

[0073] Table 4. Results of main performance tests of fire-retardant coatings and fire-retardant coatings in Examples 1-6

[0074]

[0075] Table 5. Results of main performance tests for fire-retardant coatings and fire-retardant coatings in Examples 7-12.

[0076]

[0077] Table 6. Results of main performance tests for fire-retardant coatings and fire-retardant coatings in Comparative Examples 1-10

[0078]

[0079] The above test results show that the water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating provided in the embodiments of the present invention has excellent fire-retardant performance. The char layer formed after the fire resistance test can expand by more than 27 times, and the expanded char layer is dense and has high strength. Moreover, the surface drying time of the fire-retardant coatings in all embodiments is less than 6 hours; the bond strength is above 4.2 MPa; and the fire resistance time is more than 100 minutes. The surface drying time of the fire-retardant coatings in Examples 5-6 and 9-11 is less than 4 hours, the bond strength is above 5 MPa, and the fire resistance time is more than 115 minutes. These embodiments are even better.

Claims

1. A water-based quick-drying fire retardant coating, comprising a polyacrylic resin, a water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, a flame retardant, reinforcing fibers, pigments and fillers, an early-strength agent, a corrosion inhibitor, additives, a drying agent, and water.

2. The fire-retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein, By weight, this water-based quick-drying fireproof coating comprises 25-60 parts of polyacrylic resin, 0-6 parts of water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, 30-65 parts of flame retardant, 0.1-2 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5-20 parts of pigments and fillers, 0.5-10 parts of early strength agent, 0.02-2 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 1-10 parts of additives, 0-5 parts of drying agent, and 10-30 parts of water. Preferably, by weight parts, the water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating comprises 35-60 parts of polyacrylic resin, 0-4 parts of water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, 49-65 parts of flame retardant, 1-2 parts of reinforcing fiber, 14-20 parts of pigments and fillers, 5-10 parts of early strength agent, 0.3 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 3-3.5 parts of additives, 2-3 parts of drying agent, and 12-16 parts of water.

3. The fire-retardant coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The polyacrylic resin is selected from one or more of the following: polyacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, polyhydroxypropyl acrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer and their polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, acrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymers, acrylate-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymers, acrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymers, acrylate-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymers, methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymers, acrylate-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymers, acrylate-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, and acrylate-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers. Preferably, the polyacrylic resin is selected from polyacrylic acid, hydroxyethyl polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl polyacrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl polymethacrylate, polyhydroxypropyl polymethacrylate, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, and its polyacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium), polymethacrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium), acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, and acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl acrylate copolymer. The following are one or more of the following: hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylate (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-methacrylate (sodium, magnesium, calcium)-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer; Preferably, the polyacrylic resin is selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer, and acrylic acid-methacrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer.

4. The fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The polyvinylidene chloride content in the aqueous polyvinylidene chloride emulsion is 20%-50% by mass percentage, preferably 30%. Preferably, the flame retardant comprises a char-forming catalyst, a foaming agent, and a char-forming agent, in a mass ratio of (2-3.0):1:(0.7-1); Preferably, the char-forming catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate with a degree of polymerization greater than 1000; Preferably, the foaming agent is selected from at least one of melamine and melamine phosphate; Preferably, the char-forming agent is selected from at least one of pentaerythritol monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and pentaerythritol phosphate.

5. The fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The reinforcing fiber is selected from at least one of aluminosilicate fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber and zirconium oxide fiber; Preferably, the length of the reinforcing fiber is 0.2-4.0 mm; Preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from at least one of aluminum silicate powder, nano alumina, aluminum hydroxide, titanium dioxide, silica aerogel, wollastonite, bentonite, kaolin, zinc oxide, zinc borate, zirconium dioxide, antimony trioxide, boron nitride, and expandable graphite. More preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from at least one of silica aerogel, titanium dioxide, and nano-alumina; Most preferably, the pigments and fillers are selected from all of silica aerogel, titanium dioxide and nano alumina, with a mass ratio of (0.2-0.6):(4-16):(0.4-3.5).

6. The fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The early strength agent is selected from soluble calcium salts, including calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium disodium EDTA (calcium EDTA), and at least one of sodium alginate combined with the above soluble calcium salts. Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of nitrite, citrate, silicate, molybdate, benzotriazole and its derivatives, benzothiazole and its derivatives, imidazoline and its derivatives, and imidazole and its derivatives; More preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of silicates, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, benzothiazoles and their derivatives, imidazolines and their derivatives, and imidazoles and their derivatives. For example, corrosion inhibitors 131 and 168 are selected.

7. The fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The additive is selected from at least one of thickening and softening agents, defoamers, dispersants, thixotropic agents, and leveling agents; Preferably, the thickening and softening agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyethylene oxide (PEO); Preferably, the thickening and softening agent in the water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating is 0.02-0.1 parts by weight. Preferably, the defoamer may be BYK-014 manufactured by BYK Corporation; Preferably, the dispersant may be BYK-4509 manufactured by BYK Corporation; Preferably, the thixotropic agent may be BYK-420 manufactured by BYK Corporation; Preferably, the leveling agent may be BYK-3060 manufactured by BYK Corporation; Preferably, in the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating, the mass fraction of any one of the defoamer, dispersant, thixotropic agent and leveling agent is 0.01-1.0 parts.

8. The fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The drying agent is selected from at least one of ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, and butanol.

9. A method for preparing a water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising adding an early-strength agent, a polyacrylic resin, a water-based polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) emulsion, a drying agent and water into a dispersion vessel and stirring, and then sequentially adding a flame retardant, reinforcing fibers, pigments and fillers, a corrosion inhibitor and additives, and stirring and mixing for 30-60 minutes to obtain the coating.

10. A construction process for a water-based quick-drying fire-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the process comprising: Clean the steel structure surface to be coated, and apply the water-based quick-drying fireproof coating to the steel structure surface once or multiple times by spraying, rolling, or brushing until the dry film thickness reaches 2-4 mm.

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