A protective tool and method for shot peening of an aeroengine turbine disk

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a protection tool and method for shot blasting of a turbine disk of an aero-engine. The protection tool comprises a protection cover provided with a left-side open cavity, and the inner surfaces of the front and rear side walls of the protection cover are provided with a plurality of fitting ribs for being embedded into tooth grooves on the side surfaces of tenons, and the protection cover is tightly covered through precise fitting of the fitting ribs and the tooth grooves. Preferably, the tool further comprises a clamp composed of a U-shaped frame, a driving screw and a pressing block, which is used for tightly clamping the protection cover on the tenons. The protection cover is made of elastic and wear-resistant materials such as rubber. The protection tool of the present application can accurately and reliably protect the tooth profile surfaces on both sides of the tenons from being damaged by shot particles during the shot blasting process, and solves the problems of the traditional adhesive tape protection method, such as poor fitting, low efficiency, easy residue of adhesive stains and the like, significantly improves the quality and efficiency of the shot blasting strengthening process, and reduces the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine manufacturing technology, and in particular to a protective tool and method for shot peening aero-engine turbine disk. Background Technology

[0002] Combination Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of an aero-engine turbine disk, a key component of the engine. Multiple tenons 100 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the turbine disk. A mortise is formed between two adjacent tenons 100 for mating with the tenons of the blades. The two sides of the tenons 100 are toothed surfaces for mating with the teeth on the blade tenons. The turbine disk endures extreme working environments of high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed rotation. To improve the fatigue strength and durability of the turbine disk, shot peening is often used to treat its surface. However, during shot peening, the toothed surfaces on both sides of the tenons 100 are easily damaged by the impact of shot particles, affecting the overall performance and lifespan of the turbine disk.

[0003] Currently, traditional shot peening protection methods typically involve applying protective tape to protect the tenon area. However, this method has several drawbacks: firstly, the application and removal of the tape is cumbersome and inefficient; secondly, the tape may not completely cover the complex shape of the tenon, resulting in incomplete protection and allowing shot to still enter the mortise and cause damage; furthermore, the tape is difficult to clean after use, potentially leaving residue that affects the surface quality of the turbine disk. Therefore, developing a tool that can effectively protect the tenons of the turbine disk from damage during shot peening is of paramount importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a protective tool and method for shot peening turbine disks of aero engines, in order to solve the problems of poor fit, poor protection effect, low operating efficiency and easy residue of contaminants in the existing technology that uses protective tape to protect the tenons.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a protective tool for shot peening of aero-engine turbine disks, the core of which includes a protective cover. This protective cover has a left-side open-ended receiving cavity, the shape and size of which are designed to precisely accommodate a tenon on the turbine disk. A key improvement of this invention lies in the fact that multiple raised fitting ribs are respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the front and rear sidewalls of the protective cover. The shape, spacing, and size of these fitting ribs precisely match the grooves on the side of the tenon. During installation, the fitting ribs can accurately embed into the grooves on the side of the tenon. This "rib-groove" fitting structure achieves a three-dimensional tight fit between the protective cover and the tenon tooth profile, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of shot particles intruding from the side.

[0006] As a further optimization of the invention, the protective tool also includes a clamp. This clamp is used to apply a tightening force to the protective cover from the outside, ensuring that it will not loosen or fall off under high-speed shot peening impact.

[0007] Preferably, the clamp employs a mechanical locking structure, specifically comprising a U-shaped frame, a drive screw, and a clamping block. The U-shaped frame consists of a vertical rod and upper and lower horizontal bars integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod. During installation, the lower horizontal bar is supported on the lower end face of the protective cover. The drive screw is vertically screwed onto the cantilever end of the upper horizontal bar, and can be moved vertically up and down by rotating the drive screw. The clamping block is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the drive screw. When the drive screw is tightened, the clamping block moves downward and presses against the top surface of the protective cover, thereby firmly pressing the protective cover onto the tenon teeth through the clamp. For ease of operation, a handle can be provided at the top of the drive screw.

[0008] To enhance the stability of the overall structure, the bottom and right side walls of the protective cover can be fixed to the lower horizontal and vertical bars of the U-shaped frame by adhesive bonding, making the protective cover and the clamps a single operating unit.

[0009] Regarding materials, the protective cover is preferably made of rubber. Rubber has good elasticity, wear resistance, and a certain degree of temperature resistance, ensuring easy opening and insertion into the tenon during installation, while also achieving a tight fit with the tenon through its own elasticity, and withstanding the impact and wear of shot peening particles. Specifically, engineering rubbers with excellent comprehensive properties, such as nitrile rubber, fluororubber, polyurethane rubber, neoprene rubber, or styrene-butadiene rubber, can be selected.

[0010] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for shot peening a turbine disk of an aero-engine, employing the aforementioned protective tool, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Install the protective cover: Place a protective cover on each tenon of the turbine disk that needs protection. During operation, slightly open the left side opening of the protective cover, align it, and place it on the tenon, ensuring that the fitting ribs on the inner surface of the protective cover are fully embedded in the corresponding grooves on the side of the tenon. For tools with clamps, then tighten the drive screw to securely fasten the protective cover to the tenon using the clamping block.

[0012] S2. Perform shot peening: After all the tenons have been fitted with protective covers, start the shot peening equipment to perform shot peening on the turbine disk. At this time, the protective covers completely cover the tooth profile of the tenons, and the shot particles can only act on other areas that need to be strengthened.

[0013] S3. Remove the protective cover: After shot peening, remove the protective cover from the tenon. Inspect the protective cover for excessive wear and clean any shot dust that may be adhering to the surface of the protective cover and turbine disk.

[0014] The protective cover is a reusable component, but its elasticity and integrity must be checked before each installation. If the protective cover loses its elasticity due to aging or wear and cannot fit tightly with the tenon, it should be replaced immediately to ensure reliable protection.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) Precise and reliable protection: Through the structural design of “accommodating cavity + fitting rib”, the protective cover and the tenon tooth profile are precisely fitted in three dimensions, just like a protective shell “tailor-made” for each tenon. The sealing performance is excellent and can effectively block the impact of pellets from any angle. The protection effect is far superior to that of flat tape.

[0017] (2) Secure and stable: By installing clamps on the protective cover and generating a stable and reliable mechanical clamping force through the screw tightening mechanism, the protective cover will not shift or fall off under strong shot peening impact, thus ensuring the continuity and safety of the production process.

[0018] (3) Efficient and convenient operation: The installation and disassembly of this protective tool is simple and quick, eliminating the tedious process of cutting, pasting and cleaning tape, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the shot blasting process and shorten the production cycle.

[0019] (4) Pollution-free and reusable: It avoids the use of tape and its adhesive backing, fundamentally eliminating the risk of adhesive residue and ensuring the cleanliness of parts. The protective cover is made of wear-resistant rubber and can be reused multiple times, which is in line with the concept of green manufacturing and reduces the cost per use.

[0020] (5) Universality and adaptability: The protective tools and methods provided by this invention have a simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and are easy and reliable to operate. They can effectively solve the industry problem of tenon damage in the shot peening process of aero-engine turbine disks, significantly improve product quality and production efficiency, and have good prospects for industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an aircraft engine turbine disk, with the protective tool provided by the present invention installed on one of the tenons;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the tenon teeth of the turbine disk and the protective tool provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective tool provided by the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals: 100-tenon, 101-tooth groove; 1-protective cover, 1a-accommodating cavity, 1b-fitting rib; 2-U-shaped frame, 2a-upper horizontal bar, 2b-vertical bar, 2c-lower horizontal bar; 3-drive screw, 3a-handle; 4-tightening block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a protective tool for shot peening aero-engine turbine disk, which mainly consists of a protective cover 1 and a clamp.

[0029] The protective cover 1 is a hollow enclosure with an open left-side receiving cavity 1a inside. The shape of the receiving cavity 1a conforms to the shape of the tenon 100 on the turbine disk, and is sufficient to enclose the entire tenon 100. On the inner surfaces of the front and rear side walls of the protective cover 1, a plurality of parallel-arranged fitting ribs 1b are integrally formed. These fitting ribs 1b are elongated protrusions and are used to embed into the grooves 101 on the side of the tenon 100.

[0030] The clamp is used to reinforce the installation of the protective cover 1, tightening it onto the tenon 100. In this embodiment, the clamp includes a U-shaped frame 2 made of metal. The U-shaped frame 2 is integrally bent from a vertical rod 2b, an upper horizontal rod 2a, and a lower horizontal rod 2c. The bottom and right side of the protective cover 1 are fixed to the lower horizontal rod 2c and the vertical rod 2b with a high-strength adhesive, so that the protective cover 1 and the clamp form an integral structure. The cantilever end of the upper horizontal rod 2a is machined with a threaded through hole, into which a drive screw 3 is screwed. A handle 3a is welded to the top of the drive screw 3 for easy manual rotation. The bottom end of the drive screw 3 is connected to a clamping block 4 via a bearing or a simple clearance fit, so that the clamping block 4 can rotate freely but will not fall off.

[0031] The protective cover 1 is preferably made of rubber. Rubber has good elasticity, wear resistance, and a certain degree of temperature resistance, which ensures that it can be easily opened and fitted into the tenon 100 during installation, and can also achieve a tight fit with the tenon 100 through its own elasticity, while also withstanding the impact and wear of shot peening particles. Specifically, engineering rubbers with excellent comprehensive properties, such as nitrile rubber, fluororubber, polyurethane rubber, neoprene rubber, or styrene-butadiene rubber, can be selected.

[0032] Secondly, this embodiment provides a method for shot peening aero-engine turbine disk, employing the aforementioned protective tool, and includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Installing Protective Cover 1: The operator first inspects Protective Cover 1 to ensure it is free from tears, excessive wear, or permanent deformation, and has good elasticity. Then, the operator slightly opens the left side opening of Protective Cover 1 by hand, aligns it with a tenon 100 on the outer periphery of the turbine disk, and inserts it radially. During insertion, slight adjustments to the angle are necessary to ensure that all the fitting ribs 1b on the inner wall of Protective Cover 1 can smoothly engage in the corresponding grooves 101 on the side of the tenon 100. Subsequently, the operator rotates the handle 3a clockwise, causing the drive screw 3 to move downwards. The clamping block 4 at the lower end of the drive screw 3 descends accordingly and finally presses against the top surface of Protective Cover 1. Continue to tighten the handle 3a until noticeable resistance is felt. At this point, Protective Cover 1 is firmly clamped onto the tenon 100 and will not move due to external force. Repeat this process to install the protective tool on all tenons 100 of the turbine disk.

[0034] S2. Perform shot peening: Hoist the turbine disc, equipped with all protective gear, into the working chamber of the shot peening equipment. After closing the chamber door, set the shot peening parameters according to the process specifications (such as shot material, size, spray pressure, flow rate, and spray gun movement trajectory), and then start the equipment. During shot peening, the shot stream violently impacts the surface of the turbine disc, but all tenons 100 are safely shielded by the protective cover 1 and remain unaffected. Shot peening is only performed in the designated exposed areas.

[0035] S3. Removing Protective Cover 2: After shot peening, remove the turbine disc. Rotate the handle 3a of each protective tool counterclockwise to raise the clamping block 4 and release the clamping force on the protective cover 1. Then, remove the protective cover 1 from the tenon 100 by hand. Inspect the removed protective cover 1 and blow away any adhering shot and dust with compressed air. Pay special attention to checking for severe wear in the area of ​​the mating rib 1b. If a protective cover 1 is found to have weakened elasticity, significant looseness in fit with the tenon, or damage, it should be scrapped and replaced with a new one. Protective covers 1 in good condition can be stored in a designated location for future use.

[0036] When installing the protective cover 1 in step S1, it is necessary to open the protective cover 1 and put it on the tenon 100. It is necessary to observe whether the protective cover 1 and the tenon 100 can fit tightly. If the protective cover 1 is aged and loses its elasticity and cannot fit tightly with the tenon 100, then a new protective cover 1 is used.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective tool for shot peening turbine disks of aircraft engines, characterized in that, Includes a protective cover (1), on which a left-side open-shaped receiving cavity (1a) is provided for receiving the tenon (100) on the turbine disk. Multiple fitting ribs (1b) are respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the front and rear side walls of the protective cover (1), and the fitting ribs (1b) are used to be embedded in the tooth grooves (101) on the side of the tenon (100); It also includes clamps for securing the protective cover (1); The clamp includes a U-shaped frame (2), a drive screw (3), and a clamping block (4); the U-shaped frame (2) includes a vertical rod (2b) and an upper horizontal rod (2a) and a lower horizontal rod (2c) integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod (2b); The lower crossbar (2c) is supported on the lower end face of the protective cover (1), the drive screw (3) is vertically screwed into the cantilever end of the upper crossbar (2a), the clamping block (4) is rotatably installed on the lower end of the drive screw (3), and the clamping block (4) is used to clamp against the top surface of the protective cover (1); A handle (3a) is provided at the top of the drive screw (3); The bottom wall and right side wall of the protective cover (1) are respectively bonded to the lower horizontal bar (2c) and vertical bar (2b) of the U-shaped frame (2); The protective cover (1) is made of rubber.

2. The protective tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover is made of one of the following materials: nitrile rubber, fluororubber, polyurethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

3. A method for shot peening turbine disks of aircraft engines, characterized in that, The protective tool according to any one of claims 1 to 2 comprises the following steps: S1. Install protective cover (1): Install a protective cover (1) on each tenon (100) of the turbine disk to ensure that the protective cover (1) fits tightly with the tenon (100) and will not fall off, and the fitting rib (1b) on the protective cover (1) is embedded into the corresponding tooth groove (101) on the side of the tenon (100). S2. Perform shot peening: Start the shot peening equipment to perform shot peening strengthening treatment on the turbine disk; S3. Remove the protective cover (1): After the shot peening is completed, remove the protective cover (1) from the turbine disk, and inspect and clean the surface of the protective cover (1) and the turbine disk.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the protective cover (1) is clamped onto the tenon (100) using a clamp.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective cover (1) can be reused, but when installing the protective cover (1) in step S1, it is necessary to open the protective cover (1) and put it on the tenon (100). It is necessary to observe whether the protective cover (1) and the tenon (100) can fit tightly. If the protective cover (1) is aged and loses its elasticity and cannot fit tightly with the tenon (100), then a new protective cover (1) is used.

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