Integrated trephine with cutting, bone separation and self-blade coating hemostasis functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an integrated trephine with cutting, bone separation and self-blade coating hemostasis functions. The trephine comprises a tubular body and far-end sawteeth of the tubular body, and is characterized in that a hemostatic material carrying structure is arranged on the outer wall of the trephine body, is a concave area formed in the outer wall and is provided with a one-way limiting structure; and the cutting surfaces of the sawteeth are inclined relative to the axis of the trephine. Before an operation, a hemostatic material is pre-filled in the structure; in an operation, when the trephine rotates to cut the bone, the one-way limiting structure can prevent the hemostatic material from returning and enable the hemostatic material to move downwards synchronously along with the trephine, the trephine can move transversely to the bone wound surface to scrape the hemostatic material and coat the hemostatic material on the bone wound surface, and continuous trephine cutting, bone separation and bone surface hemostasis are achieved. The trephine highly integrates cutting, bone separation and hemostasis functions into the trephine body, is convenient to operate, and can effectively reduce bleeding in an operation and improve an operation field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and specifically to a ring saw for orthopedic and spinal surgery, particularly an integrated ring saw with cutting, bone separation, and self-scraping hemostasis functions. Background Technology

[0002] The trephine saw is a core instrument in orthopedic and spinal surgery for circumferential osteotomy (such as laminectomy and foraminotomy). Current trephine saws are single-function, only capable of cutting. During surgery, bleeding from the bone wound requires the surgeon to use separate instruments to pack hemostatic materials after the trephine is removed. This method has significant drawbacks, including delayed hemostasis, surgical field contamination, and cumbersome operation. Although some studies have attempted to integrate complex hemostatic material delivery channels within the trephine saw, these methods suffer from problems such as easy clogging, poor reliability, and high manufacturing difficulty, hindering their widespread clinical application. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for a novel trephine saw that is simple in structure, highly integrated with the trephine body, and capable of simultaneous bone cutting, bone separation, and hemostasis. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a ring saw with an integrated structure, requiring no additional devices, and capable of simultaneously completing bone separation and hemostasis during the cutting process. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution: an integrated ring saw with cutting, bone separation, and self-scraping hemostasis functions, the core of which lies in: machining a recessed structure for carrying hemostatic material on the outer wall of the ring saw body, and setting a one-way limiting mechanism in this structure. The recessed structure can preferably be a spiral groove, an annular recessed chamber, a segmented spiral groove, or a porous sintered material layer, etc. This design allows the ring saw to continuously and evenly scrape the pre-placed hemostatic material onto the bleeding bone wound surface by relying on the mechanical interaction between its outer surface and the bone wound surface after rotating downwards to cut the bone, thereby achieving continuous cutting, bone separation, and hemostasis; due to the inclined design of the outer and inner walls of the ring saw teeth, the wall thickness of the tooth tip is significantly reduced, reducing the contact area between the teeth and the bone, reducing the resistance encountered when cutting the bone; the inclined design of the inner and outer cutting surfaces of the teeth is beneficial for separating the cut bone. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. High integration and simple reliability: The hemostasis function is achieved through the simple structure of the outer wall of the trephine saw, without any additional parts or internal channels, completely avoiding the risk of blockage and ensuring extremely high reliability. 2. Active and efficient bone separation and hemostasis: Bone separation begins at the start of cutting, allowing for immediate hemostasis, significantly reducing intraoperative blood loss, maintaining a clear surgical field, and improving surgical efficiency and safety. 3. Simple and intuitive operation: Doctors do not need to change their existing operating habits; the usage method is completely consistent with ordinary trephine saws, with zero learning cost. 4. Flexibility and versatility: It provides multiple implementation methods such as spiral grooves, annular recessed chambers, segmented spiral grooves, and porous sintered layers, allowing for the selection of the optimal hemostasis strategy according to different surgical needs, forming a complete matrix of technical solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (annular recessed chamber type). Figure 2 for Figure 1 Longitudinal section diagram showing the ground surface of the recessed area. Labels in the diagram: 1-Saw body, 2-Saw teeth, 3-Annular recessed compartment, 4-Bottom surface of the recessed area. Detailed Implementation The various embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1 (Annular Recessed Chamber Type) Ring Saw: See Figure 1 , 2 The distal end of the ring saw body (1) is provided with serrations (2). An annular recessed chamber (4) is machined around the outer wall at approximately 1 mm from the end of the serrations. The bottom surface of the chamber is sandblasted to create a roughened surface, increasing the adhesion of the hemostatic material. During surgery, the hemostatic material is pressed into the chamber. As the ring saw descends, the hemostatic material is firmly carried. When the ring saw reaches the edge of the chamber where the bone wound surface contacts the bone fracture surface, the hemostatic material is laterally squeezed towards the bone fracture surface and applied to the bone wound surface in the corresponding area of ​​the chamber, achieving localized enhanced hemostasis. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated ring saw with self-scraping hemostasis function, comprising a tubular ring saw body (1) and saw teeth (2) at its distal end, characterized in that: The outer wall of the distal end of the ring saw body (1) near the saw teeth is provided with a carrying structure (3) for accommodating hemostatic material. The carrying structure (3) is an annular recessed chamber formed by the inward indentation of the outer wall of the ring saw body (1). The bottom surface of the recessed chamber is provided with a one-way limiting structure (4). The one-way limiting structure (4) is configured to restrict the movement of the hemostatic material to the proximal end of the ring saw when the ring saw body (1) rotates. The ring saw body (1) is configured to apply the hemostatic material to the bone wound surface through the relative movement between the ring saw and the bone wound surface when it rotates and advances axially to cut the bone.

2. The ring saw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recessed chamber (3) is a spiral groove that extends spirally along the outer wall of the ring saw body (1), and the one-way limiting structure (4) is provided on at least one side wall of the spiral groove.

3. The ring saw according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unidirectional limiting structure (4) is a series of micro ratchet teeth, which have a gentle slope facing the proximal end of the ring saw and a stop facing the distal end of the ring saw.

4. The ring saw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end of the annular recessed chamber (3) begins within a range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm from the end of the serration (2), and has an axial length of 3 mm to 30 mm.

5. The ring saw according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The annular recessed chamber (3) extends circumferentially along the outer wall of the ring saw at an angle of 30 to 360 degrees.

6. The ring saw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the recessed area (3) is a porous sintered material layer.

7. The ring saw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unidirectional limiting structure (4) is a roughened or textured surface of the bottom surface of the recessed area.

8. A serrated optimized structure with bone block separation function, characterized in that: The cutting surface of the saw teeth (2) is inclined relative to the axis of the ring saw. The inclination direction includes: an outward inclination from the inner wall of the ring saw body to the outer wall; or an inward inclination from the outer wall of the ring saw body to the inner wall. The tip wall thickness of the saw teeth (2) is significantly reduced, which reduces the contact area between the saw teeth and the bone and reduces the resistance encountered when cutting the bone. Due to the inclined design of the saw teeth cutting surface of a certain thickness, it is beneficial to separate the cut bone.

9. A method for simultaneous bone separation and hemostasis using an integrated trephine saw as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Fill the carrying structure (3) on the outer wall of the ring saw with hemostatic material; b. Position the trestle to the bone surface and apply rotational and axial thrust; c. After the trephine saw cuts the bone to form a bone wound, it applies the hemostatic material to the bone wound surface through its relative movement with the bone wound surface.

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