Automatic falling-off device for automobile battery

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile battery automatic falling-off device, and relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, the automobile battery automatic falling-off device comprises a main body bearing frame, a protective cover shell, a power battery module, active separation units and safety locking mechanisms, the two active separation units are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the frame, and the two safety locking mechanisms correspond to the two sides of the protective cover shell; in the active separation unit, a drive motor drives a threaded rod to enable an L-shaped sliding block to slide along a sliding rail, a slope ramp at the bottom end of the sliding block is matched with a reverse reset slope of the protective cover shell through a rolling friction wheel, and separation power is output. A safety locking mechanism pushes a telescopic movable column to be clamped into a buckle limiting groove to be locked through a reset compression spring, a wedge-shaped locking block is matched with the movable column, linkage separation is achieved during unlocking, a frame guiding limiting column and a protective cover shell positioning inserting hole are accurately guided, a protective cover shell is provided with an emergency handle, a buffering sealing ring and a protective liner, and it is guaranteed that separation is stable and safe, and emergency is reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, specifically to an automatic battery detachment device for automobiles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the safety of power batteries has become a key bottleneck restricting the industry's development. When power batteries encounter extreme conditions such as thermal runaway or severe collisions, automatic battery detachment devices can quickly separate the battery from the vehicle body, blocking the path of accident escalation and serving as a core safety component to ensure driving safety. Although existing technologies for battery separation exist, they generally suffer from the core deficiency of "lacking precise guidance and full-process protection design during the separation process, easily leading to secondary risks": On the one hand, most devices do not have reliable guiding and constraint structures, and the battery is prone to lateral displacement due to uneven force during separation, colliding with surrounding vehicle components and causing structural damage, or even causing the battery casing to crack and electrolyte to leak; on the other hand, existing devices only focus on the "separation" action itself, neglecting the protection of the battery upon landing after separation and emergency solutions for electronic failures—direct impact to the ground after battery separation can easily cause cell damage and exacerbate thermal runaway, and when the electronic control system fails, the lack of manual unlocking means makes it impossible to complete emergency separation. These defects make it difficult for existing devices to guarantee separation reliability under extreme conditions, and may also induce new safety hazards, failing to meet the stringent requirements of "full-process risk management" for safety components in new energy vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic detachment device for automobile batteries, which solves the problems of existing automobile battery detachment devices, which lack precise guiding and constraint structures, neglect battery landing protection after detachment and emergency manual unlocking methods for electronic failures, resulting in easy lateral displacement and collision during detachment, easy damage upon landing, increased risk, unreliable detachment in extreme scenarios, and easy to cause secondary risks, thus failing to meet the requirements of risk control throughout the entire process.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic detachment device for automotive batteries, comprising a main support frame, a protective cover, a power battery module, an active separation unit, and a safety locking mechanism; the active separation unit and the safety locking mechanism are both located between the main support frame and the protective cover, wherein two active separation units are provided and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame, and two safety locking mechanisms are provided and correspondingly arranged on both sides of the protective cover; the automatic detachment of the power battery module is achieved through the coordinated cooperation of the active separation unit and the safety locking mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the protective cover is located at the bottom of the main supporting frame, the power battery module is encapsulated inside the protective cover, and the protective cover is equipped with positive and negative conductive contacts that are electrically connected to the power battery module.

[0006] Preferably, the active separation unit includes a drive motor, a threaded rod, a linear slide rail groove, an L-shaped displacement slider, an inclined drive ramp, a rolling friction wheel, and a reverse reset inclined plane; the drive motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main support frame, and the two drive motors are respectively connected to the threaded rods on both sides. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the corresponding side wall of the main support frame; the linear slide rail groove is formed on both side walls along the length direction of the main support frame, and the L-shaped displacement slider is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod, with the horizontal end of the L-shaped displacement slider slidably embedded in the inner wall of the linear slide rail groove.

[0007] Preferably, the inclined driving ramp is integrally formed on the vertical bottom end of the L-shaped displacement slider, the rolling friction wheel is rotatably connected to the inclined outer wall of the inclined driving ramp via a rotating shaft, and the reverse reset ramp is correspondingly opened at the four corners of the bottom of the protective cover. The outer peripheral wall of the rolling friction wheel is in rolling contact with the inclined surface of the reverse reset ramp.

[0008] Preferably, the safety locking mechanism includes a wedge-shaped locking block, a linkage connecting plate, a telescopic movable column, an elastic connecting rod, a reset compression spring, and a snap-fit ​​limiting groove; the linkage connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main supporting frame and is arranged on both sides of the protective cover; the wedge-shaped locking block is fixedly connected to the two side walls of the protective cover and corresponds to the position of the linkage connecting plate; the elastic connecting rod slides through the linkage connecting plate; the telescopic movable column is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic connecting rod facing the protective cover; the snap-fit ​​limiting groove is opened on the side wall of the protective cover; the end of the telescopic movable column away from the elastic connecting rod is clamped to the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​limiting groove; the reset compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the elastic connecting rod, and the two ends of the reset compression spring are fixedly connected to the side wall of the linkage connecting plate and the side wall of the telescopic movable column, respectively; the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block is adapted to the end of the telescopic movable column.

[0009] Preferably, guide limiting posts are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the main supporting frame, and positioning holes are opened at the four corners of the protective cover. The guide limiting posts and positioning holes are precisely matched and the guide limiting posts can be slidably inserted into the positioning holes.

[0010] Preferably, four emergency unlocking handles are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective cover, and the four emergency unlocking handles are respectively arranged in the middle of the four side walls of the protective cover.

[0011] Preferably, an elastic buffer sealing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the protective cover, and the elastic buffer sealing ring is arranged in a closed loop along the bottom contour of the protective cover.

[0012] Preferably, a battery surface protective pad is embedded in the bottom center area of ​​the protective cover, and the area of ​​the battery surface protective pad is not less than the projected area of ​​the bottom of the power battery module.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes the elastic locking and inclined unlocking design of the safety locking mechanism, combined with the initial power output of the active separation unit to form a precise linkage. When locking, the reset compression spring provides continuous axial thrust, and the positioning constraints of the symmetrical locking points on both sides and the guide limit post achieve rigid fixation between the protective cover and the main load-bearing frame, effectively preventing vehicle swaying. When unlocking, the initial thrust generated by the active separation unit directly drives the wedge-shaped locking block to squeeze the telescopic movable post, instantly overcoming the spring force to complete the unlocking, thus resolving the performance contradiction between locking and unlocking in traditional devices.

[0014] This invention constrains the separation trajectory throughout the entire process by precisely matching the guide limit post of the main support frame with the positioning socket of the protective cover. Combined with the rolling contact design of the rolling friction wheel and the reverse reset slope in the active separation unit, the power transmission resistance is greatly reduced, ensuring that the separation process proceeds smoothly and uniformly along the axial direction. At the same time, it adopts the control logic of "power off before separation". When the controller is triggered, it first cuts off the connection between the positive and negative conductive contacts and the vehicle circuit, and then starts the active separation unit. This avoids the risk of electric arc and short circuit during the separation process from the root, and solves the pain points of insufficient separation stability and safety of traditional devices.

[0015] The protective cover of this invention features a closed-loop elastic buffer sealing ring and a large-area protective pad on the battery surface at the bottom. When the battery is separated and lands, it can achieve shock absorption and bottom-fitting protection, preventing damage to the battery from impact or scratches by debris. It is also equipped with four emergency unlocking handles symmetrically arranged on the side walls. When the electronic control fails and the automatic separation fails, it can be manually unlocked by pulling with external force. Combined with the status feedback and information upload function of the controller after separation, it not only ensures the feasibility of operation in extreme scenarios, but also provides data support for subsequent maintenance and troubleshooting. Compared with the design of traditional devices that only focus on the core separation function, it forms a full-chain protection system of "active protection + emergency redundancy + status traceability". Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the main supporting frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the active separation unit and the safety locking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power battery module structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the active separation unit structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the safety locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Main load-bearing frame; 2. Protective cover; 3. Elastic buffer sealing ring; 4. Guide limiting post; 5. Power battery module; 6. Positioning socket; 7. Emergency unlocking handle; 8. Positive conductive contact; 9. Negative conductive contact; 10. Active separation unit; 101. Drive motor; 102. Threaded rod; 103. Linear slide rail groove; 104. L-shaped displacement slider; 105. Inclined drive ramp; 106. Rolling friction wheel; 107. Reverse reset inclined plane; 11. Safety locking mechanism; 111. Wedge locking block; 112. Linkage connecting plate; 113. Telescopic movable column; 114. Elastic connecting rod; 115. Reset compression spring; 116. Buckle limiting groove; 12. Battery surface protective pad. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic detachment device for automobile batteries, comprising a main support frame 1, a protective cover 2, a power battery module 5, two active separation units 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame 1, and two safety locking mechanisms 11 correspondingly arranged on both sides of the protective cover 2, wherein the detachment action is completed through the coordinated cooperation of the active separation units 10 and the safety locking mechanisms 11.

[0020] The protective cover 2 is installed at the bottom of the main support frame 1, and the power battery module 5 is encapsulated inside it. The cover is equipped with positive conductive contact 8 and negative conductive contact 9 that are electrically connected to the power battery module 5. The guide limiting posts 4 at the four corners of the bottom of the main support frame 1 are precisely matched with the positioning holes 6 at the four corners of the protective cover 2 to achieve assembly positioning. The active separation unit 10 includes components such as drive motor 101, threaded rod 102, linear slide rail groove 103, and L-shaped displacement slider, as well as components such as drive motor 104, inclined drive ramp 105, rolling friction wheel 106, and reverse reset ramp 107. The drive motor 101 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main support frame 1. The drive motor 101 drives the threaded rod 102 to rotate, which drives the L-shaped displacement slider 104 to slide along the linear slide rail groove 103. The inclined drive ramp 105 at its vertical bottom end makes rolling contact with the reverse reset ramp 107 at the bottom of the protective cover 2 through the rolling friction wheel 106, forming a separation driving force.

[0021] The safety locking mechanism 11 includes a wedge-shaped locking block 111, a linkage connecting plate 112, a telescopic movable column 113, an elastic connecting rod 114, a return compression spring 115, and a snap-fit ​​limiting groove 116. It is composed of the wedge-shaped locking block 111, linkage connecting plate 112, telescopic movable column 113, elastic connecting rod 114, and return compression spring 115. The wedge-shaped locking block 111 is adapted to the end of the telescopic movable column 113. Under the action of the return compression spring 115, the telescopic movable column 113 snaps into the snap-fit ​​limiting groove 116 of the protective cover 2 to achieve locking. During unlocking, it works in conjunction with the active separation unit 10. In addition, the outer wall of the protective cover 2 is equipped with four emergency unlocking handles 7, a closed-loop elastic buffer sealing ring 3 at the bottom edge, and a battery surface protective pad 12 with an area not less than the bottom projection of the power battery module 5 is embedded in the bottom center, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the device.

[0022] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main support frame 1 is the core support component of the device. Its bottom is used to install the protective cover 2, and the two side walls are used to fix the drive motor 101 of the active separation unit 10. The four corners of the bottom are fixedly connected to the guide limiting posts 4. The protective cover 2 serves as the encapsulation and protection carrier for the power battery module 5. The power battery module 5 is encapsulated inside, and the outer wall is equipped with positive conductive contact 8 and negative conductive contact 9 that are electrically connected to the power battery module 5 to realize the transmission of electrical energy between the battery module and the outside. The four corners are provided with positioning holes 6 corresponding to the guide limiting posts 4. The guide limiting posts 4 and the positioning holes 6 are precisely matched and can be slidably inserted, providing precise guidance for the assembly and subsequent separation of the protective cover 2 and the main support frame 1.

[0023] An elastic buffer sealing ring 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the protective cover 2. The sealing ring is arranged in a closed loop along the bottom contour of the protective cover 2, which can play a role in sealing and dust prevention and buffering and shock absorption during the assembly and disassembly of the device. The active separation unit 10 (symmetrically arranged on both sides) and the safety locking mechanism 11 (correspondingly arranged on both sides) assembled between the main supporting frame 1 and the protective cover 2, based on the guidance of the guide limit post 4 and the positioning hole 6, drive the protective cover 2 to carry the power battery module 5 to disassemble along the guide direction through coordinated action.

[0024] according to Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the power battery module 5 is entirely encapsulated inside the protective housing 2, which is fixed to the bottom of the main support frame 1, forming a sealed protective space for the module. To achieve power output, the protective housing 2 is equipped with positive conductive contacts 8 and negative conductive contacts 9 that are directly electrically connected to the power battery module 5, forming a conduction channel between the module and the external circuit. The guide limiting posts 4 at the four corners of the bottom of the main support frame 1 are precisely matched with the positioning holes 6 at the four corners of the protective housing 2 and can be slidably inserted, indirectly ensuring the installation accuracy and detachment stability of the power battery module 5 through the positioning of the protective housing 2. The elastic buffer sealing ring 3 at the bottom edge of the protective cover 2 is arranged in a closed loop along the contour, providing shock absorption and dustproof sealing for the module during assembly and disassembly. The battery surface protective pad 12 embedded in the central area of ​​the bottom of the protective cover 2 has an area not less than the projected area of ​​the bottom of the module, directly forming a close-fitting protection for the bottom of the module. The automatic disassembly of the module is driven by the active separation unit 10 symmetrically arranged between the main supporting frame 1 and the protective cover 2 and the corresponding safety locking mechanism 11. Based on the guidance of the guide limit post 4, the protective cover 2 drives the internal power battery module 5 to detach smoothly. In addition, the four emergency unlocking handles 7 on the outer wall of the protective cover 2 can be manually unlocked under special working conditions, providing a guarantee for the emergency removal of the module.

[0025] according to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, there are two active separation units 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame 1. Each unit consists of a drive motor 101, a threaded rod 102, a linear slide rail groove 103, an L-shaped displacement slider 104, an inclined drive ramp 105, a rolling friction wheel 106, and a reverse reset inclined surface 107. The drive motor 101 is fixed to the side wall of the main support frame 1, and its output end is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 102. The other end of the threaded rod 102 is rotatably connected to the corresponding side wall of the main support frame 1, forming a power output base. The linear slide rail groove 103 is opened on both side walls along the length of the main support frame 1. The L-shaped displacement slider 104 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod 102, and its horizontal end is slidably embedded in the linear slide rail groove 103 to achieve directional sliding constraint of the slider.

[0026] The power transmission and execution of the active separation unit 10 are achieved through inclined plane cooperation: the vertical bottom end of the L-shaped displacement slider 104 is integrally formed with an inclined driving ramp 105, and the rolling friction wheel 106 is rotatably connected to the inclined outer wall of the inclined driving ramp 105 through a rotating shaft. The reverse reset ramp 107 is correspondingly opened at the four corners of the bottom of the protective cover 2, and the outer peripheral wall of the rolling friction wheel 106 rolls in contact with the inclined surface of the reverse reset ramp 107. During operation, the drive motor 101 drives the threaded rod 102 to rotate, driving the L-shaped displacement slider 104 to slide along the linear slide rail groove 103. The inclined driving ramp 105 applies a downward separation force to the reverse reset ramp 107 through the rolling friction wheel 106; at the same time, in conjunction with the unlocking action of the safety locking mechanisms 11 on both sides, and the guiding action of the guide limit post 4 of the main supporting frame 1, the protective cover 2 and the internal power battery module 5 are pushed to fall off smoothly. The reverse reset ramp 107 can also provide guidance for the rolling friction wheel 106 when the device is reset, assisting the active separation unit 10 in resetting.

[0027] according to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the safety locking mechanism 11 includes a wedge-shaped locking block 111, a linkage connecting plate 112, a telescopic movable column 113, an elastic connecting rod 114, a reset compression spring 115, and a buckle limiting groove 116. In terms of assembly and positioning, the linkage connecting plate 112 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main supporting frame 1 and corresponds to the positions of both sides of the protective cover 2; the wedge-shaped locking block 111 is fixed to the two side walls of the protective cover 2 and is adapted to the position of the linkage connecting plate 112. In the power and actuation components, the elastic link 114 slides through the linkage connecting plate 112, and its end facing the protective cover 2 is fixedly connected to the telescopic movable column 113. The snap-fit ​​limiting groove 116 is opened on the side wall of the protective cover 2 for the telescopic movable column 113 to be snapped in place. The reset compression spring 115 is sleeved on the outer wall of the elastic link 114, and its two ends are fixed to the side wall of the linkage connecting plate 112 and the side wall of the telescopic movable column 113, respectively, to provide elastic driving force for locking. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 111 is adapted to the end of the telescopic movable column 113 to ensure the force transmission during unlocking.

[0028] During operation, the drive motor 101 drives the threaded rod 102 to rotate, which in turn drives the L-shaped displacement slider 104 to slide along the linear slide rail groove 103. The inclined drive ramp 105 applies a downward separation force to the reverse reset ramp 107 through the rolling friction wheel 106. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the unlocking action of the safety locking mechanisms 11 on both sides and the guiding action of the guide limit post 4 of the main supporting frame 1, the protective cover 2 and the internal power battery module 5 are pushed to fall off smoothly. The reverse reset ramp 107 can also provide guidance for the rolling friction wheel 106 when the device is reset, assisting the active separation unit 10 in resetting. The safety locking mechanism 11 achieves function switching through "elastic clamping - inclined surface unlocking": In the locked state, the reset compression spring 115 is in a naturally extended state, pushing the end of the telescopic movable column 113 away from the elastic connecting rod 114 to clamp onto the inner wall of the buckle limiting groove 116 of the protective cover 2. This, combined with the positioning of the guide limiting column 4 of the main bearing frame 1 and the positioning insertion hole 6 of the protective cover 2, ensures the reliable fixation of the power battery module 5. When unlocking, the active separation unit 10 drives the protective cover 2 to generate an initial displacement, causing the wedge-shaped locking block 111 to move synchronously. Its inclined surface contacts the end of the telescopic movable column 113 and applies a lateral thrust, pushing the telescopic movable column 113 to compress the reset compression spring 115 and disengage from the buckle limiting groove 116, thus completing the unlocking. After unlocking, it works in conjunction with the active separation unit 10 to ensure the smooth detachment of the protective cover 2 and the internal power battery module 5 under the guidance of the guide limit post 4. At the same time, the emergency unlocking handle 7 on the outer wall of the protective cover 2 can be manually unlocked under special working conditions through the external force linkage mechanism, further improving the reliability of the locking mechanism.

[0029] The overall effect achieved by the organization is as follows: The guide pins 4 at the four corners of the bottom of the main support frame 1 are precisely inserted into the positioning holes 6 at the four corners of the protective cover 2, providing axial positioning and radial constraint for the protective cover 2 and the internal power battery module 5 to prevent shaking during driving. At the same time, the safety locking mechanism 11 is in the locked state, the reset compression spring 115 is in the naturally extended state, and applies an axial thrust toward the protective cover 2 to the telescopic movable column 113, so that the end of the telescopic movable column 113 away from the elastic connecting rod 114 is tightly locked into the buckle limiting groove 116 on the side wall of the protective cover 2. Through the symmetrical locking points on both sides and the guide structure, the protective cover 2 and the main support frame 1 are rigidly fixed. The active separation unit 10 is in the initial reset state, the drive motor 101 is not energized, the threaded rod 102 remains stationary, and the L-shaped displacement slider 104 is at the initial end of the linear slide rail groove 103 (near the drive motor 101) under the thread constraint of the threaded rod 102. At this time, the rolling friction wheel 106 on the inclined drive ramp 105 and the reverse reset inclined surface 107 at the bottom of the protective cover 2 maintain slight contact but no pressure transmission, and no separation driving force is generated. In terms of power transmission and protection readiness, the power battery module 5 encapsulated inside the protective cover 2 forms a reliable electrical connection with the vehicle circuit through the positive conductive contact 8 and negative conductive contact 9 mounted on the shell, realizing the normal input and output of power. At the same time, the closed-loop elastic buffer sealing ring 3 at the bottom edge of the protective cover 2 is tightly attached to the bottom of the main bearing frame 1 to form a dustproof and waterproof seal. The battery surface protective pad 12 at the bottom center is tightly attached to the bottom of the power battery module 5 to form a buffer protection.

[0030] When the device detects a specific operating condition requiring battery detachment, it triggers a start command via signal linkage, providing power and control signals for subsequent unlocking and separation. The device collects operating condition signals in real time through the vehicle control unit (VCU) or an independent safety controller. The start process is triggered when any of the following conditions are met: the power battery module 5 shows signs of thermal runaway (such as a rapid increase in temperature or abnormal voltage fluctuations); a serious collision occurs with the collision intensity reaching a preset threshold; a forced detachment command is issued manually via the emergency control terminal; or the battery management system (BMS) detects an uncontrollable battery fault. Regarding command transmission and power activation, after confirming the trigger conditions, the controller immediately sends a command to the relevant authorities. The two drive motors 101 of the active separation unit 10 send a synchronous start command and simultaneously send a power battery disconnection signal to the vehicle circuit. After receiving the signal, the vehicle circuit first disconnects the positive conductive contact 8 and the negative conductive contact 9 from the vehicle to avoid the risk of arcing or short circuit during the separation process. After receiving the command, the drive motors 101 are powered on and start, entering the working state. The initial power output of the active separation unit 10 drives the safety locking mechanism 11 to unlock synchronously, realizing the precise linkage of "power output - mechanical unlocking": when the active separation unit 10 initially outputs power, the two drive motors 101 rotate clockwise synchronously, driving the threaded rod 102 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously. Rotation occurs because the L-shaped displacement slider 104 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 102, and its horizontal end is slidably embedded in the linear slide rail groove 103. The rotational motion of the threaded rod 102 is converted into the linear motion of the L-shaped displacement slider 104 along the axial direction of the linear slide rail groove 103 (away from the drive motor 101). When the locking mechanism is unlocked, the L-shaped displacement slider 104 slides along the linear slide rail groove 103, and the inclined surface integrally formed at its vertical bottom end drives the ramp 105 to move synchronously. The rolling friction wheel 106 on the ramp makes rolling contact with the reverse reset inclined surface 107 at the bottom of the protective cover 2 and applies a downward initial thrust. This thrust drives the protective cover 2 along the guide limit post 4. A slight initial axial displacement (downward) is generated, and the wedge-shaped locking blocks 111 on both sides of the protective cover 2 move down synchronously with the protective cover 2. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 111 contacts the end of the telescopic movable column 113 of the safety locking mechanism 11 and applies a lateral compressive force. When the locking state is released, the lateral compressive force overcomes the elastic force of the reset compression spring 115 and pushes the telescopic movable column 113 to move away from the protective cover 2 along the axial direction of the elastic connecting rod 114. The end of the telescopic movable column 113 is completely disengaged from the buckle limit groove 116, and the safety locking mechanism 11 is unlocked. At this time, the controller confirms the unlocking is completed through motor current feedback or displacement sensor (preset) and enters the next stage.After unlocking, the device enters the separation execution phase. The active separation unit 10 provides continuous driving force, which, together with the gravity of the power battery module 5 and the protective shell 2, achieves smooth and rapid separation along the guide direction. When the active driving force is continuously output, the controller controls the drive motor 101 to maintain continuous rotation speed, the L-shaped displacement slider 104 continues to slide along the linear slide rail groove 103, and the inclined drive ramp 105 applies a continuous downward driving force to the reverse reset ramp 107 through the rolling friction wheel 106. The rolling friction design significantly reduces contact friction, improves power transmission efficiency, and avoids jamming. When sliding smoothly down the guide, under the combined action of the active driving force and its own gravity, the protective shell 2... The internal power battery module 5 slides downwards at a constant speed along the guide limit post 4 at the bottom of the main support frame 1. The precise cooperation between the guide limit post 4 and the positioning insertion hole 6 ensures that no lateral displacement occurs during the separation process, avoiding collisions with surrounding components. When the complete separation and power-off confirmation are completed, when the protective cover 2 slides down to the end of the guide limit post 4, the L-shaped displacement slider 104 reaches the limit position of the linear slide rail groove 103, the drive motor 101 is powered off and stops running, and the active separation unit 10 stops power output. At this time, the protective cover 2 is completely separated from the main support frame 1, the positive conductive contact 8 and the negative conductive contact 9 are completely disconnected from the electrical connection, and the power battery module 5 falls smoothly to the ground with the protective cover 2.

[0031] After the power battery module 5 is separated, the device enters the separated state. For battery module protection, the elastic buffer sealing ring 3 at the bottom of the protective cover 2 plays a buffering and shock-absorbing role when it falls to the ground, preventing the power battery module 5 from being damaged by impact. The protective pad 12 on the battery surface further forms a close fit and protection for the bottom of the module, preventing ground debris from scratching the battery. For device reset and emergency operation, the active separation unit 10 can be reset by the reverse rotation of the drive motor 101, preparing for subsequent device maintenance or battery replacement. If an electronic control failure causes the automatic separation to fail, the safety lock can be forcibly released by pulling the linkage mechanism through the four emergency unlocking handles 7 on the outer wall of the protective cover 2 (located in the middle of the four side walls respectively), achieving manual separation. For status feedback, after the controller detects that the protective cover 2 is completely separated through the position sensor, it sends a "battery separated" prompt signal to the vehicle instrument panel, and at the same time uploads the fault information and separation record to the background management system for subsequent troubleshooting and processing.

[0032] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automobile battery automatic shedding device, comprising a main body bearing frame (1), a protective shell (2), a power battery module (5), a main separation unit (10) and a safety locking mechanism (11); characterized in that: the main separation unit (10) and the safety locking mechanism (11) are located between the main body bearing frame (1) and the protective shell (2), wherein the main separation unit (10) is provided with two and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body bearing frame (1), and the safety locking mechanism (11) is provided with two and correspondingly arranged on both sides of the protective shell (2); the automatic shedding of the power battery module is realized through the cooperation of the main separation unit and the safety locking mechanism.

2. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The protective shell (2) is arranged at the bottom of the main body bearing frame (1), the power battery module (5) is encapsulated in the protective shell (2), and the protective shell (2) is provided with a positive electrode conductive tab (8) and a negative electrode conductive tab (9) electrically connected with the power battery module (5).

3. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The main separation unit (10) comprises a driving motor (101), a threaded rod (102), a linear sliding groove (103), an L-shaped displacement slider (104), an inclined driving ramp (105), a rolling friction wheel (106) and a reverse reset inclined surface (107); the driving motor (101) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body bearing frame (1), two driving motors (101) are respectively connected with two threaded rods (102) one by one, one end of the threaded rod (102) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (101), and the other end is rotatably connected to the corresponding side wall of the main body bearing frame (1); the linear sliding groove (103) is formed in the length direction of the main body bearing frame (1) on the two side walls, the L-shaped displacement slider (104) is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod (102), and the horizontal end of the L-shaped displacement slider (104) is slidingly embedded in the inner wall of the linear sliding groove (103).

4. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized by: The inclined driving ramp (105) is integrally formed at the vertical bottom end of the L-shaped displacement slider (104), the rolling friction wheel (106) is rotatably connected to the inclined outer wall of the inclined driving ramp (105) through a rotating shaft, the reverse reset inclined surface (107) is correspondingly formed at the four corners of the bottom of the protective shell (2), and the outer peripheral wall of the rolling friction wheel (106) is in rolling contact with the inclined surface of the reverse reset inclined surface (107).

5. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The safety locking mechanism (11) comprises a wedge-shaped locking block (111), a linkage connecting plate (112), a telescopic movable column (113), an elastic connecting rod (114), a reset compression spring (115) and a buckle limiting groove (116); the linkage connecting plate (112) is fixedly connected at the bottom of the main body bearing frame (1) and arranged on both sides of the protective cover shell (2) correspondingly, the wedge-shaped locking block (111) is fixedly connected on the side walls of the protective cover shell (2) and corresponds to the position of the linkage connecting plate (112); the elastic connecting rod (114) is slidably arranged on the linkage connecting plate (112), the telescopic movable column (113) is fixedly connected at one end of the elastic connecting rod (114) facing the protective cover shell (2), the buckle limiting groove (116) is formed in the side wall of the protective cover shell (2), and the other end of the telescopic movable column (113) away from the elastic connecting rod (114) is clamped in the inner wall of the buckle limiting groove (116); the reset compression spring (115) is sleeved on the outer wall of the elastic connecting rod (114), and the two ends of the reset compression spring (115) are fixedly connected with the side wall of the linkage connecting plate (112) and the side wall of the telescopic movable column (113) respectively, and the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block (111) is matched with the end of the telescopic movable column (113).

6. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The main body bearing frame (1) is fixedly connected with a guide limiting column (4) at the four corners of the bottom, the protective cover shell (2) is provided with a positioning hole (6) at the four corners, and the guide limiting column (4) is accurately matched with the positioning hole (6) and can be slidably inserted into the positioning hole (6).

7. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: Four emergency unlocking handles (7) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective cover shell (2), and the four emergency unlocking handles (7) are arranged at the middle portions of the four side walls of the protective cover shell (2).

8. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: An elastic buffer sealing ring (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the protective cover shell (2), and the elastic buffer sealing ring (3) is arranged in a closed loop along the bottom contour of the protective cover shell (2).

9. The automatic battery fall-off device for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: A battery surface protection pad (12) is embedded in the bottom center area of the protective cover shell (2), and the area of the battery surface protection pad (12) is not less than the projected area of the bottom of the power battery module (5).

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