Resistance reducing and reinforcing integrated deep sea suction anchor device and integrated magnetic sensing auxiliary penetration method

Abstract

The invention discloses a resistance reducing and reinforcing integrated deep sea suction anchor device and an integrated magnetic sensing auxiliary penetration method. The resistance reducing and reinforcing integrated deep sea suction anchor device comprises an anchor cylinder, a combined control part is arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder, and a sensing unit is arranged on the periphery of the anchor cylinder; the synergistic effect of the combined control part and the cutting blades on the inner wall of the anchor cylinder is adopted; the combined control part is used for carrying out pre-softening and side wall lubrication on a soil body in a preset path through high-pressure water flow before penetration and in the penetration process, so that the initial penetration resistance and the barrel wall friction resistance are greatly reduced; meanwhile, the cutting blade continuously performs longitudinal sectioning and shunting on an internal soil plug in the sinking process of the anchor body, and actively destroys the formation of a stress arch structure in the soil body, so that the main obstacle causing mounting suspension is fundamentally eliminated; by means of the design, the device can be suitable for wider seabed geological conditions, and one-time, high-depth and controllable injection in various complex stratums is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of foundation anchoring technology of marine engineering structures, in particular to a deep-sea suction anchor device integrating drag reduction and reinforcement and an integrated magnetic sensing assisted penetration method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The suction anchor belongs to the anchoring technology in marine engineering and is used for fixing offshore floating structures. The suction anchor foundation is a typical marine engineering foundation structure, the main body of which is a reversed cylinder structure with a closed top end and an open lower end. The side wall of the anchor cylinder is made of steel, and the top cover is usually made of a steel-concrete composite material, which can ensure the structural strength and optimize the self-weight distribution. The top cover is provided with a water pumping channel for connecting an underwater water pumping pipeline and a diving pump system to form a key differential pressure driving channel. The construction process of the suction anchor foundation is divided into two stages. In the initial stage, the structure is sunk into the seabed by relying on the self-weight, and the anchor cylinder is preliminarily penetrated into the soft soil foundation by using the weight of the anchor cylinder. In the second stage, the diving pump is started to discharge the water in the cylinder. With the decrease of the water level in the cylinder, the pressure difference between the external seawater pressure and the low-pressure environment in the cylinder is formed, and the anchor cylinder is continuously sunk and penetrated until the designed depth under the action of the pressure difference.

[0003] However, due to the complexity of the marine environment, on the one hand, under the influence of the seabed buoyancy and the seabed soil friction resistance, the difficulty of the suction anchor foundation penetration is increased, and the seabed is usually loose and saturated soil. The friction force of the anchor cylinder penetration directly acts on the soil particles, which may cause the soil particle crushing or rearrangement to cause the soil stress failure, and thus affects the anchoring performance of the suction anchor. On the other hand, the seabed operation is affected by the wind, wave, ocean current and other factors. The acoustic detection means is easily disturbed, and the optical detection means cannot be used in muddy water, which may affect the monitoring effect to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a suction anchor device capable of solving the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a resistance-reducing and reinforcing integrated deep-sea suction anchor device, comprising an anchor cylinder, a joint control part is arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder, and an induction unit is arranged around the anchor cylinder; the anchor cylinder is a columnar body with an open bottom and a closed top, a composite interface is fixedly installed on the top cover of the anchor cylinder, a drainage hole is arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder and communicates with the inside of the cylinder body, a plurality of guide pipes are fixedly installed around the anchor cylinder, and the composite interface communicates with the guide pipes; the joint control part comprises an outer shell fixedly installed at the top of the anchor cylinder, a water pump is fixedly installed in the outer shell, A and B ports are arranged on the water pump, the A port communicates with external seawater, the B port communicates with the drainage hole, C and D ports are further arranged on the water pump, the C port is divided into two branch channels, a pressure control valve and a first electromagnetic control valve are respectively installed on the two branch channels, a storage tank is fixedly installed in the outer shell, SAP cement dry material is contained in the storage tank, the storage tank is divided into upper and lower outlets, the upper outlet of the storage tank communicates with the branch channel in which the pressure control valve is installed on the C port, a discharge valve is installed at the lower end of the storage tank, a Venturi tube is connected to the other end of the discharge valve, the discharge valve communicates with the suction port of the Venturi tube, the working fluid inlet of the Venturi tube communicates with the branch channel in which the first electromagnetic control valve is installed on the C port, and the discharge port of the Venturi tube communicates with the composite interface; the second electromagnetic control valve is installed on the D port, and the D port also communicates with the composite interface; and a cutting blade is fixedly installed in the anchor cylinder.

[0005] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, at least four protection grooves are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the anchor cylinder.

[0006] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the induction unit comprises a magnetic induction intensity sensor fixedly installed in the protection groove, a plurality of magnetic induction intensity sensors are fixedly installed in each protection groove from top to bottom, and the induction unit further comprises a watertight junction box fixedly installed at the top of the anchor cylinder.

[0007] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the magnetic induction intensity sensor, the pressure control valve, the first electromagnetic control valve, the discharge valve, the second electromagnetic control valve, and the cable are all gathered to the watertight junction box at the top of the anchor cylinder, a watertight connector is fixedly installed on the watertight junction box, and the watertight junction box is connected with the umbilical cable of the surface work ship through the watertight connector; the umbilical cable comprises a power line, a signal line and a reinforcing rib, the power line supplies power to the water pump and the sensor, the signal line transmits sensor data at high speed, and the reinforcing rib bears tension and improves tensile strength, so that the surface ship can provide power support and is responsible for receiving data and issuing instructions.

[0008] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the bottom of the guide pipe is in the shape of a sharp cone.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, a plurality of nozzles are uniformly installed in the middle and lower parts of the guide pipe.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the nozzle is internally provided with a one-way valve structure to prevent external soil from entering the conduit and causing blockage.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the cutting blade is composed of at least four blade segments, and the lower segment is provided with a cutting edge for cutting soil.

[0012] In addition, the application also provides an integrated magnetic sensing auxiliary penetration method for a resistance-reducing and reinforcing integrated deep-sea suction anchor device, comprising the following steps: S1, preliminary survey and design: before designing and constructing, surveying the sea area to be constructed, and determining the soil layer information of the sea area to provide support for subsequent construction;

[0013] S2, initial penetration and sinking stage: lifting the suction anchor device by a crane ship and then lowering it into seawater, and realizing initial penetration and sinking to a certain depth of seabed by relying on the gravity of the anchor body, adjusting the construction mode according to the soil layer category, if it is relatively dense soft clay layer, the penetration resistance is relatively small, and it is not necessary to inject high-pressure water flow into the conduit for scouring and resistance reduction, if it is hard sandy soil layer, the penetration resistance is relatively large, and it is considered to inject high-pressure water column into the conduit for scouring and resistance reduction, and then grouting, and the inductive unit is used for auxiliary construction in the process.

[0014] S3, negative pressure penetration and sinking stage: opening the water pump to form negative pressure in the cylinder, ensuring that the total water pumping amount per unit time is greater than the water amount seeping from the outside of the suction anchor, so as to form an internal and external pressure difference in the closed anchor cylinder, the high-pressure water column outside the cylinder plays a role, and the cylinder body is smoothly sunk to the specified depth, and then the water pump is controlled to mix the SAP cement dry material in the storage tank with seawater and inject it into the surrounding seabed for reinforcement treatment.

[0015] The present application has the following advantages:

[0016] I. The traditional suction anchor is difficult to reach the designed depth in hard clay, dense sand and other geologies because of the rapid formation of "soil arching effect" of the soil plug in the anchor cylinder; the present application adopts the synergistic effect of the joint control part and the cutting blade on the inner wall of the anchor cylinder; the joint control part pre-softens and lubricates the soil on the predetermined path by high-pressure water flow before and during penetration, greatly reducing the initial penetration resistance and cylinder wall friction resistance; at the same time, the cutting blade continuously cuts and divides the internal soil plug longitudinally during the sinking of the anchor body, actively destroying the formation of the internal stress arch structure of the soil, thereby fundamentally eliminating the main obstacle leading to installation stoppage; the design enables the present application to be applicable to a wider range of seabed geological conditions, realizing one-time, high-depth and controllable penetration in various complex strata.

[0017] Secondly, after the penetration is completed, the joint control part is used to inject the grout into the soil around the anchor body and under the bottom plate; after the grout is solidified, the high-strength and integrated composite reinforced body is formed with the surrounding soil; this method not only instantaneously and significantly improves the vertical uplift bearing capacity and the horizontal shear bearing capacity of the anchor body, but also effectively resists the scouring of sea current and the softening and erosion of soil caused by long-term cyclic load through the grout solidification body, so that the service life and reliability of the anchoring foundation are improved to a new level, and the ground is reinforced.

[0018] Thirdly, the sensing unit provided by the application can accurately monitor the construction parameters such as the anchor body inclination angle and the penetration depth in real time, and the signal is not affected by turbidity, noise and water flow disturbance; based on these accurate data, the operator can judge the penetration state in real time and make timely adjustment, which provides a data basis for the verifiability of construction quality and process optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0020] Figure 1 is the front view of the application.

[0021] Figure 2 is the top view of the application. Figure 3 is the pipeline connection principle diagram of the joint control part of the application.

[0022] Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the cutting blade of the application.

[0023] In the figure: 1, anchor cylinder; 11, protection groove; 12, drainage hole; 13, composite interface; 14, guide pipe; 141, nozzle; 2, joint control part; 20, shell; 21, pressure control valve; 22, No. 1 electromagnetic control valve; 23, storage tank; 24, discharge valve; 25, Venturi tube; 26, No. 2 electromagnetic control valve; 27, water pump; 3, sensing unit; 31, water-tight junction box; 32, magnetic induction intensity sensor; 4, cutting blade; A, A through port; B, B through port; C, C through port; D, D through port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail below.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-4The application discloses a deep-sea suction anchor device integrated with resistance reduction and reinforcement, which comprises an anchor cylinder 1, a joint control part 2 arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder 1, and an induction unit 3 arranged around the anchor cylinder 1; the anchor cylinder 1 is a columnar body with an open bottom and a closed top, a composite interface 13 is fixedly arranged on the top cover of the anchor cylinder 1, a drain hole 12 is arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder 1 and communicated with the inside of the cylinder body, a plurality of guide pipes 14 are fixedly arranged around the anchor cylinder 1 and communicated with the composite interface 13; the joint control part 2 comprises an outer shell 20 fixedly arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder 1, a water pump 27 fixedly arranged in the outer shell 20, an A port and a B port arranged on the water pump 27, wherein the A port is communicated with external seawater, and the B port is communicated with the drain hole 12, a C port and a D port arranged on the water pump 27, wherein the C port is divided into two branch channels, a pressure control valve 21 and a first electromagnetic control valve 22 are arranged on the two branch channels respectively, a storage tank 23 fixedly arranged in the outer shell 20, wherein the storage tank 23 is filled with SAP cement dry materials, and the storage tank 23 is divided into an upper outlet and a lower outlet, wherein the upper outlet of the storage tank 23 is communicated with the branch channel on which the pressure control valve 21 is arranged, a discharge valve 24 arranged at the lower end of the storage tank 23, a Venturi tube 25 connected to the other end of the discharge valve 24, wherein the discharge valve 24 is communicated with the suction port of the Venturi tube 25, the working fluid inlet of the Venturi tube 25 is communicated with the branch channel on which the first electromagnetic control valve 22 is arranged, and the discharge port of the Venturi tube 25 is communicated with the composite interface 13, and the D port is communicated with the composite interface 13 and arranged with a second electromagnetic control valve 26, a cutting blade 4 fixedly arranged in the anchor cylinder 1, and at least four blade segments of the cutting blade 4, wherein a cutting edge is arranged at the lower segment of the cutting blade 4.

[0026] The application adopts the synergistic effect of the joint control part and the cutting blade 4 arranged on the inner wall of the anchor cylinder 1; the high-pressure water flow pre-softens and lubricates the soil body along the predetermined path before and during the penetration, so that the initial penetration resistance and the cylinder wall friction resistance are greatly reduced; at the same time, the cutting blade 4 continuously cuts and divides the internal soil plug in the longitudinal direction during the sinking of the anchor body, so that the formation of the internal stress arch structure of the soil body is actively destroyed, and the "soil arch effect" during installation is fundamentally eliminated; the design makes the application applicable to more extensive seabed geological conditions, and realizes one-time, high-depth and controllable penetration in various complex strata.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-2The anchor cylinder 1 is uniformly provided with at least four protection grooves 11 outside; the induction unit 3 comprises a magnetic induction intensity sensor 32 fixedly installed in the protection groove 11, a plurality of magnetic induction intensity sensors 32 are fixedly installed in each protection groove 11 from top to bottom, and the induction unit 3 further comprises a watertight junction box 31 fixedly installed at the top of the anchor cylinder 1; the magnetic induction intensity sensor 32, the pressure control valve 21, the first electromagnetic control valve 22, the unloading valve 24, the second electromagnetic control valve 26 and cable wiring are all collected to the watertight junction box 31 at the top of the anchor cylinder 1, the watertight junction box 31 is fixedly provided with a watertight connector, and the watertight junction box 31 is connected with the umbilical cord of the surface operation ship through the watertight connector; the umbilical cord comprises a power line, a signal line and a reinforcing rib, the power line is used for power supply of the water pump 27 and the sensor, the signal line is used for high-speed transmission of sensor data, and the reinforcing rib is used for bearing tension and improving tensile strength; the surface ship can provide power support and is responsible for receiving data and issuing instructions.

[0028] The induction unit 3 provided in the application can monitor construction parameters such as anchor body inclination and penetration depth in real time and accurately, and the signal is not affected by turbidity, noise and water flow disturbance; based on the accurate data, an operator can judge the penetration state in real time and adjust in time, thereby providing a data basis for the verifiability of construction quality and process optimization.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 The bottom of the guide pipe 14 is in a sharp conical shape; a plurality of nozzles 141 are uniformly installed in the middle and lower portions of the guide pipe 14; and the inside of the nozzle 141 is in a one-way valve structure to prevent external soil from entering the guide pipe 14 and causing blockage.

[0030] After the completion of penetration, the joint control unit 2 is used for pouring and reinforcing slurry to the soil around the anchor body and below the bottom plate; after the slurry solidifies, a high-strength and integrated composite reinforced body is formed with the surrounding soil; this method not only instantaneously and significantly improves the vertical uplift bearing capacity and horizontal shear bearing capacity of the anchor body, but also effectively resists the scouring of sea currents and the softening and erosion of soil caused by long-term cyclic loads through the slurry solidification body, so that the service life and reliability of the anchoring foundation are improved to a new level, and the ground is reinforced.

[0031] An integrated magnetic sensing auxiliary penetration method of a drag-reducing and reinforcing integrated deep-sea suction anchor device, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1, preliminary survey and design: before designing and constructing, the proposed construction sea area is surveyed, and the soil layer information of the sea area is determined to provide support for subsequent construction;

[0033] S2, initial penetration sinking stage: the suction anchor device is lifted by the crane ship and then lowered into the seawater, and the anchor body realizes initial penetration sinking to a certain depth of seabed by relying on its own weight. According to the soil layer category, the construction method is adjusted. If it is relatively dense soft clay layer, the penetration resistance is relatively small, and it is not necessary to inject high-pressure water flow into the guide pipe 14 for scouring and resistance reduction. If it is hard sandy soil layer, the penetration resistance is relatively large, and it is considered to inject high-pressure water column into the guide pipe 14 for scouring and resistance reduction. The specific control steps are as follows: when the operator monitors and finds that the penetration speed decreases significantly through the magnetic sensing system, he can issue an instruction to control the second electromagnetic control valve 26 to open, and the water pump 27 injects seawater into the guide pipe 14 through the composite interface 13, and the surrounding seabed is scoured through the nozzle 141 on the guide pipe 14 to achieve the purpose of resistance reduction;

[0034] During the penetration, the induction unit 3 assists the construction, and the water surface ship provides power support and data reception at this time. The distance of the anchor cylinder 1 bottom from the seabed is obtained according to the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the sensor, and the sinking rate is adjusted in time. After the magnetic induction intensity sensor 32 enters the mud surface, the reading changes, and the penetration depth can be indirectly measured. The depth difference of the sensors on one side and the other side of the cylinder entering the soil body can be compared to calculate the inclination angle, so that the construction personnel can timely correct by adjusting the hawser or ship position. The working principle of the induction unit 3 is as follows: the magnetic induction intensity sensor 32 transmits the coil into alternating current to generate a low-frequency alternating magnetic field. The magnetic field penetrates the surrounding medium and interacts with the surrounding medium. When passing through seawater medium, due to the high conductivity of seawater, conduction current is generated. The magnetic field uniformly diffuses and slowly attenuates. When passing through soil medium, due to the low conductivity of soil, induced eddy current is generated. The magnetic field is distorted and attenuates fast. According to different magnetic field signals, the receiving coil can identify the medium type and the penetration state of the anchor cylinder 1 through pre-processing of filtering and amplification combined with high-precision ADC multi-parameter digitization analysis;

[0035] S3, negative pressure penetration sinking stage: open the water pump 27 to form a negative pressure in the cylinder, and ensure that the total amount of water pumped by the water pump 27 per unit time is greater than the amount of water seeping from the outside of the suction anchor, so as to form an internal and external pressure difference in the closed anchor cylinder 1, the high-pressure water column outside the cylinder plays a role, and the cylinder body is smoothly sunk to the specified depth, and then the water pump 27 is controlled to mix the SAP cement dry material in the storage tank 23 with seawater and inject it into the surrounding seabed for reinforcement treatment; the specific control steps are as follows: when the operator's magnetic sensing system detects that the cylinder tends to be stable or sinks to the specified depth, SAP cement mortar needs to be injected for reinforcement, open the first electromagnetic control valve 22, high-pressure seawater enters the Venturi tube 25, and the principle of the Venturi device is used to realize pressurized suction, and then the pressurization control valve 21 and the unloading valve 24 are opened in turn, the SAP dry mixture is sucked out and mixed with seawater to form SAP cement slurry, the SAP cement slurry flows to the composite interface 13 through the pipeline, and then enters the guide pipe 14 through the composite interface 13, and then the surrounding seabed is grouted through the nozzle 141 on the guide pipe 14, so as to achieve the purpose of reinforcement.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present application, which are still covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drag-reducing, integrated, deep-sea suction anchor apparatus, characterized by, The anchor cylinder is provided with a joint control part at the top, and an induction unit is arranged around the anchor cylinder. The anchor cylinder is a columnar body with an open bottom and a closed top end, and a composite interface is fixedly installed on the top cover of the anchor cylinder. The joint control part comprises an outer shell fixedly installed on the top of the anchor cylinder, and a water pump is fixedly installed in the outer shell. The water pump is provided with A and B ports, the A port is communicated with external seawater, and the B port is communicated with the drainage hole. The water pump is also provided with C and D ports. The C port is divided into two branch channels, and a pressure control valve and a first electromagnetic control valve are respectively installed on the two branch channels.

2. A drag-reducing, integrated, deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The storage tank is divided into upper and lower outlets, the upper outlet of the storage tank is communicated with the branch channel in which the pressure control valve is installed on the C port, and a discharge valve is installed at the lower end of the storage tank.

3. A drag-reducing, reinforced integrated deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The other end of the discharge valve is connected with a Venturi tube, the discharge valve is communicated with the suction port of the Venturi tube, the working fluid inlet of the Venturi tube is communicated with the branch channel in which the first electromagnetic control valve is installed on the C port, and the discharge port of the Venturi tube is communicated with the composite interface.

4. A drag-reducing, reinforced integrated deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, A second electromagnetic control valve is installed on the D port, and the D port is also communicated with the composite interface.

5. A drag-reducing, reinforced integrated deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, A cutting blade is fixedly installed in the anchor cylinder.

6. A drag-reducing, reinforced integrated deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, At least four protection grooves are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the anchor cylinder.

7. A drag-reducing, reinforced integrated deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, The induction unit comprises a magnetic induction intensity sensor fixedly installed in the protection groove, and a plurality of magnetic induction intensity sensors are uniformly fixedly installed in each protection groove from top to bottom.

8. A drag-reducing, integrated, deep-sea suction anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The magnetic induction intensity sensor, the pressure control valve, the first electromagnetic control valve, the discharge valve, and the second electromagnetic control valve are all connected to the water-tight junction box at the top of the anchor cylinder. A water-tight connector is fixedly installed on the water-tight junction box, and the water-tight junction box is connected with the umbilical cable of the surface operation ship through the water-tight connector.

9. An integrated magnetic sensing assisted penetration method for a drag-reducing integrated deep-sea suction anchor device, applied to the drag-reducing integrated deep-sea suction anchor device of any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that, The umbilical cable comprises a power line, a signal line, and a reinforcing rib. The power line supplies power to the water pump and the sensor, the signal line transmits sensor data at high speed, and the reinforcing rib bears tension to improve the tensile strength. The surface ship can provide power support and receive data and issue instructions. The bottom of the conduit is conical. A plurality of nozzles are uniformly installed in the middle and lower parts of the conduit. The inside of the nozzle is a one-way valve structure to prevent external soil from entering the conduit and causing blockage. The cutting blade is composed of at least four blades. The lower section of the cutting blade is provided with a cutting edge. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preliminary investigation and design: before designing and constructing, the sea area to be constructed is investigated, and the soil layer information of the sea area is determined to provide support for subsequent construction. S2, initial penetration sinking stage: the suction anchor device is lifted by the crane ship and then lowered into the seawater, and the initial penetration sinking to a certain depth of seabed is realized by relying on the weight of the anchor body. According to the soil layer category, the construction mode is adjusted. If it is relatively dense soft clay layer, the penetration resistance is relatively small, and it is not necessary to inject high-pressure water flow into the guide pipe for scouring and resistance reduction. If it is hard sand layer, the penetration resistance is relatively large, and the injection of high-pressure water column into the guide pipe for scouring and resistance reduction is considered, and then grouting is carried out. The inductive unit is used for assisting construction in the process; S3, negative pressure penetration sinking stage: the water pump is started to form negative pressure in the cylinder. When pumping water, the total water pumping amount per unit time is ensured to be greater than the water amount seeping from the outside of the suction anchor, so that the internal and external pressure difference is formed in the closed anchor cylinder. The high-pressure water column outside the cylinder plays a role, so that the cylinder body is smoothly sunk to the specified depth, and then the water pump is controlled to mix the SAP cement dry material in the storage tank with seawater and inject it into the surrounding seabed for reinforcement treatment.

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