Reservoir rock slope model test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reservoir area rock slope model test device and method, and relates to the field of slope model tests. The wave making module, the dry-wet cycle module and the water level control module are arranged in the rock slope model, the dry-wet cycle effect and the reservoir area wave erosion effect caused by water level change can be truly simulated, and the mechanical response and deformation conditions of rock slope rock mass in the reservoir area in the water level dynamic change process are truly reflected; according to the non-intrusive continuous testing device and method, the evolution process of dry-wet cycle and erosion coupling effect reservoir area rock slope slippage can be studied by simulating water level changes, slope rock mass dry-wet cycle and wave erosion; according to the invention, the complex and changeable water level change condition in the reservoir area rock slope can be accurately simulated, the coupling effect of erosion and dry-wet cycle is considered, and automatic control is realized to a certain extent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of slope model test, in particular to a reservoir rock slope model test device and method under the combined action of dry-wet cycle and erosion. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rock slope instability is an important cause of geological disasters, and the destruction process of reservoir rock slope is often affected by the coupling of dry-wet cycle (chemical-physical weathering) and hydraulic erosion (mechanical erosion). Existing researches mostly use single factor simulation devices, which are difficult to truly reflect the chain damage mechanism of rock mass crack expansion, cement dissolution caused by dry-wet alternation in natural environment, and subsequent particle peeling under runoff scouring. Especially for layered or jointed rock mass, the synergistic effect of swelling stress caused by alternating humidity field and hydraulic shear force will significantly accelerate the deterioration of structural plane. The current test device has the following technical bottlenecks: the time-space coupling of dry-wet cycle and erosion is insufficient, and the alternating loading or synchronous loading working condition simulation cannot be realized; the multi-scale monitoring means of damage process is scarce, and the traditional displacement sensor cannot capture the dynamic expansion process of micro-cracks.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a non-invasive and continuous test device and method to simulate water level fluctuation, dry-wet cycle and wave erosion, to study the evolution process of reservoir rock slope sliding under the coupling action of dry-wet cycle and erosion. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a reservoir rock slope model test device and method to solve the technical problems raised in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a reservoir rock slope model test device, comprising a model box, a rock slope model, a wave making module, a dry-wet cycle module, a water level control module and a monitoring system.

[0006] The model box is built by I-shaped steel, and the front, rear, left and right four sides of the model box frame are bonded with double-layer organic glass seal.

[0007] The rock slope model comprises a rock slope body, and the rock slope body comprises a bedrock layer and a sliding body.

[0008] Further, the bedrock layer is casted by similar materials, and the similar materials at least include iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water, and the ratio of the iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water is 3.5:8.5:2:1; the sliding body layer is casted by similar materials, and the similar materials at least include iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water, and the ratio of the iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water is 5:20.9:1.7:1.

[0009] Further, the water level control module comprises a water injection pipe, a water outlet pipe, a first intelligent control valve, a second intelligent control valve, an ultrasonic liquid level meter, an intelligent control booster pump and a water tank, the water injection pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of one end of the model tank, the first intelligent control valve is connected to the water injection pipe, the water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the other end of the model tank, the second intelligent control valve is connected to the water outlet pipe, the ultrasonic liquid level meter is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the inside of the model tank, the water tank is connected to the end of the water outlet pipe away from the model tank, the intelligent control booster pump is connected to the end of the water injection pipe away from the model tank, and the intelligent control booster pump is connected to the water tank through a water pipe.

[0010] Further, the water level control module further comprises a controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter, the first intelligent control valve and the second intelligent control valve are electrically connected to the controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter transmits a detection signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the first intelligent control valve and the second intelligent control valve.

[0011] Further, the monitoring system comprises a dynamic data acquisition instrument, a high-speed camera, a moisture sensor, a strain gauge, a pore water pressure sensor and a computer, the moisture sensor, the strain gauge and the pore water pressure sensor are connected to the dynamic data acquisition instrument.

[0012] The pore water pressure sensor is arranged in the inside of the rock slope body, and the pore water pressure sensor is used for monitoring the change of the pore water pressure in the inside of the slope.

[0013] The strain gauge is arranged on the surface of the rock slope body, and the strain gauge is used for monitoring the strain of the key points on the surface of the measurement model, and reflecting the local deformation characteristics of the rock under the actions of load, wet and dry expansion / shrinkage and erosion.

[0014] The moisture sensor is arranged in the inside of the rock slope body, and the moisture sensor is used for monitoring the water content in the inside of the slope.

[0015] The dynamic data acquisition instrument is used for receiving the data information monitored by the pore water pressure sensor, the strain gauge and the moisture sensor.

[0016] The dynamic data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the computer, and the computer is used for recording the monitoring data information collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument.

[0017] The high-speed camera is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the inside of the model tank, and is used for monitoring the deformation of the rock slope body, and the high-speed camera is electrically connected to the computer.

[0018] Further, the wave making module comprises a rocking plate type wave making plate and a wave absorbing system, the rocking plate type wave making plate is connected with the computer, the rocking plate type wave making plate is arranged at the water injection pipe side in the model box, the rocking plate type wave making plate is controlled by the computer, and the wave absorbing system is arranged at the water outlet pipe side in the model box.

[0019] Further, the dry-wet cycle module comprises an electric fan, and the electric fan is fixedly connected to the top end inside the model box.

[0020] A reservoir rock slope model test method, which is used for the reservoir rock slope model test device and at least comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: first, the model box is built and the water level control module is connected;

[0022] S2: the rock slope model is made, and the similar material is used to pour the bedrock layer;

[0023] S3: the water level control module is built in the model box;

[0024] S4: after the rock slope model is laid, the three-dimensional laser scanner is used to scan and record the initial state of the slope;

[0025] S5: the dry-wet cycle and the erosion process are simulated, the base is saturated: first, the first intelligent control valve is opened, water is poured through the water injection pipe, the water level is raised to the lowest water level in the test design, then the bedrock layer of the rock slope model is soaked until saturation; the water level is raised: after the bedrock layer is saturated, the water level is slowly raised to the highest water level in the test design, and the model is saturated in the soaking range, the first intelligent control valve and the second intelligent control valve are opened during the water level rising process, when the ultrasonic liquid level meter detects that the water level in the model box reaches the highest water level in the test design, the valve opening degrees of the first intelligent control valve and the second intelligent control valve are controlled to be consistent, the water flow speed in the model box is kept as the designed water flow speed through the intelligent control of the booster pump, and the rocking plate type wave making plate makes waves at the same time during the whole process; the water level is lowered: the first intelligent control valve is controlled to be closed, the second intelligent control valve is continuously opened, the water level is slowly lowered through the water outlet pipe, the electric fan is synchronously opened at this time, and the water level is lowered to expose the air-dried part of the rock slope model, when the ultrasonic liquid level meter detects that the water level in the model box reaches the lowest water level in the test design, the valve opening degrees of the first intelligent control valve and the second intelligent control valve are controlled to be consistent, the water flow speed in the model box is kept as the designed water flow speed through the intelligent control of the booster pump, and the rocking plate type wave making plate makes waves at the same time during the whole process, and the corresponding dry-wet cycle and erosion simulation test is completed;

[0026] S6: during the test process, the change process of the rock slope model in the dry-wet cycle and the erosion test is recorded through the high-speed camera, the data collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument is combined, and the evolution process of the slope is analyzed.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present application can accurately simulate the complex and changeable water level change condition in the reservoir rock slope, considers the coupling effect of erosion and dry-wet cycle, and realizes automatic control to a certain extent, can accurately and quickly adjust the water level change rate, water flow speed and wave amplitude according to the preset program and parameters, and can effectively simulate the actual situation of the reservoir rock slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed for the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a front view of the structure of the whole application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side view of the structure of the whole application.

[0032] In the figure: 1, model box; 2, rock slope body; 3, water injection pipe; 4, first intelligent control valve; 5, rocking plate type wave maker; 6, intelligent control booster pump; 7, water tank; 8, wave absorbing system; 9, second intelligent control valve; 10, water outlet pipe; 11, pore water pressure sensor; 12, moisture sensor; 13, strain gauge; 14, high-speed camera; 15, computer; 16, electric fan; 17, ultrasonic liquid level meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment one:

[0035] A reservoir rock slope model test device, comprising a model box 1, a rock slope model, a wave making module, a dry-wet cycle module, a water level control module and a monitoring system.

[0036] The model box 1 is built by I-shaped steel, and the front, back, left and right four sides of the model box 1 frame are bonded with double-layer organic glass sealing.

[0037] The rock slope model comprises a rock slope body 2, and the rock slope body 2 comprises a bedrock layer and a sliding body.

[0038] The bedrock layer is cast by similar materials, and the similar materials of the bedrock layer at least include iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water, and the ratio of the iron powder, the quartz sand, the clay and the water is 3.5:8.5:2:1; the ratio of the similar materials of the sliding body, i.e., the iron powder, the quartz sand, the clay and the water, is 5:20.9:1.7:1.

[0039] The water level control module comprises a water injection pipe 3, a water outlet pipe 10, a first intelligent control valve 4, a second intelligent control valve 9, an ultrasonic liquid level meter 17, an intelligent control booster pump 6 and a water tank 7, the water injection pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the lower part of one end of the model box 1, the first intelligent control valve 4 is connected to the water injection pipe 3, the water outlet pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the other end of the model box 1, the second intelligent control valve 9 is connected to the water outlet pipe 10, the ultrasonic liquid level meter 17 is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the inside of the model box 1, the water tank 7 is connected to the end of the water outlet pipe 10 away from the model box 1, the intelligent control booster pump 6 is connected to the end of the water injection pipe 3 away from the model box 1, and the intelligent control booster pump 6 is connected to the water tank 7 through a water pipe.

[0040] The water level control module further comprises a controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter 17, the first intelligent control valve 4 and the second intelligent control valve 9 are electrically connected to the controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter 17 transmits a detection signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the first intelligent control valve 4 and the second intelligent control valve 9.

[0041] The monitoring system comprises a dynamic data acquisition instrument, a high-speed camera 14, a moisture sensor 12, a strain gauge 13, a pore water pressure sensor 11 and a computer 15, the moisture sensor 12, the strain gauge 13 and the pore water pressure sensor 11 are connected to the dynamic data acquisition instrument;

[0042] The pore water pressure sensor 11 is arranged in the inside of the rock slope body 2, and is used for monitoring the change of the pore water pressure in the inside of the slope;

[0043] The strain gauge 13 is arranged on the surface of the rock slope body 2, and is used for monitoring the strain of the key points on the surface of the measuring model, and reflecting the local deformation characteristics of the rock under the actions of the load, the wet and dry expansion / shrinkage and the erosion;

[0044] The moisture sensor 12 is arranged in the inside of the rock slope body 2, and is used for monitoring the water content in the inside of the slope;

[0045] The dynamic data acquisition instrument is used for receiving the data information monitored by the pore water pressure sensor 11, the strain gauge 13 and the moisture sensor 12;

[0046] The dynamic data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the computer 15, and the computer 15 is used for recording the monitoring data information collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument;

[0047] The high-speed camera 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the other end inside the side model box 1, and is used for monitoring the deformation of the rock slope body 2, and the high-speed camera 14 is electrically connected with the computer 15.

[0048] The wave making module comprises a rocking plate type wave making plate 5 and a wave absorbing system 8, the rocking plate type wave making plate 5 is connected with the computer 15, the rocking plate type wave making plate 5 is arranged on the side of the water injection pipe 3 in the model box 1, and the rocking plate type wave making plate 5 is controlled by the computer 15, and the wave absorbing system 8 is arranged on the side of the water outlet pipe 10 in the model box 1.

[0049] The dry-wet cycle module comprises an electric fan 16, and the electric fan 16 is fixedly connected to the top end inside the model box 1.

[0050] Embodiment two:

[0051] A kind of reservoir rock slope model test method, for the reservoir rock slope model test device described above, at least comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1: first, build model box 1 and connect water level control module;

[0053] S2: make rock slope model, use similar material to pour bedrock layer, in this embodiment, according to the size and type of rock slope, similar material rock strip is made, and the rock strip is bonded with polyvinyl acetate;

[0054] S3: build water level control module in model box 1;

[0055] S4: after rock slope model is laid, use three-dimensional laser scanner to scan and record the initial state of slope;

[0056] S5: Perform simulation of dry-wet cycle and erosion process, base saturation: first open the first intelligent valve 4, fill the water through the water injection pipe 3, raise the water level to the lowest water level of the test design, then start soaking the bedrock layer of the rock slope model until saturation; Water level rising: after the bedrock layer is saturated, slowly raise the water level to the highest water level of the test design, and let the model soak the saturated range, open the first intelligent valve 4 and the second intelligent valve 9 during the water level rising process, when the ultrasonic level gauge 17 detects that the water level in the model box 1 reaches the highest water level of the test design, control the valve opening degree of the first intelligent valve 4 and the second intelligent valve 9 consistent, keep the water flow speed in the model box 1 as the designed water flow speed through intelligent control of the booster pump 6, the whole process of the rocking plate type wave board 5 is simultaneously wave making; Water level falling: by controlling the first intelligent valve 4 to be closed, continuously opening the second intelligent valve 9, slowly lowering the water level through the water outlet pipe 10, at this time, the electric fan 16 is opened synchronously, and the water level is lowered to expose the air-dried part of the rock slope model, when the ultrasonic level gauge 17 detects that the water level in the model box 1 reaches the lowest water level of the test design, control the valve opening degree of the first intelligent valve 4 and the second intelligent valve 9 consistent, keep the water flow speed in the model box as the designed water flow speed through intelligent control of the booster pump 6, the whole process of the rocking plate type wave board 5 is simultaneously wave making, complete the corresponding dry-wet cycle and erosion simulation test;

[0057] In the scheme of the embodiment, the rocking plate angular displacement is When the generated wave height H is:

[0058]

[0059] In formula 1: is the maximum swing angle radian of the rocking plate, is the vertical distance from the rocking plate rotation axis to the water surface, the immersion depth, is the wave number, is the water depth, is the angular frequency.

[0060] The damage calculation formula of the rock slope subjected to dry-wet cycle is:

[0061]

[0062] In formula 2: is the number of dry-wet cycles, is the attenuation coefficient of the rock mass material, which is calibrated through dry-wet cycle sample test.

[0063] The damage calculation formula of the rock slope subjected to erosion is:

[0064]

[0065] In formula 3: is the water flow speed, is the erosion time, is the erosion sensitivity coefficient.

[0066] Considering the synergistic effect of dry-wet cycle and erosion, the total damage of the rock slope can be expressed as:

[0067]

[0068] In formula 4: is the dry-wet cycle and erosion coupling effect coefficient .

[0069] At this time, the shear strength calculation formula of the rock slope damaged by the dry-wet cycle-erosion coupling effect is:

[0070]

[0071] S6: During the test process, the change process of the rock slope model during the dry-wet cycle and erosion test is recorded by a high-speed camera 14, and the data collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument is combined to analyze the evolution process of the slope.

[0072] In summary:

[0073] The present application can truly simulate the dry-wet cycle effect caused by water level change and the wave erosion effect of the reservoir area, and truly reflect the mechanical response and deformation of the rock mass of the rock slope in the reservoir area during the dynamic change process of the water level. The present application is a non-invasive and continuous test device and method, which can simulate water level change, dry-wet cycle of slope rock mass and wave erosion, so as to study the evolution process of the dry-wet cycle and erosion coupling effect of the rock slope in the reservoir area. The present application can accurately simulate the complex and changeable water level change in the rock slope in the reservoir area, considers the coupling effect of erosion and dry-wet cycle, and realizes automatic control to a certain extent. The water level change rate, water flow velocity and wave amplitude can be accurately and quickly adjusted according to the preset program and parameters, and the actual situation of the rock slope in the reservoir area can be effectively simulated.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A library area rock slope model test device, characterized in that: The model box (1), the rock slope model, the wave making module, the dry-wet cycle module, the water level control module and the monitoring system are comprised. The model box (1) is built by I-beams, and the front, back, left and right four sides of the model box (1) frame are all bonded with double-layer organic glass seal. The rock slope model comprises a rock slope body (2), and the rock slope body (2) comprises a bedrock layer and a sliding body.

2. The model test device for a rock slope in a library area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bedrock layer is cast by similar materials, and the similar materials at least comprise iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water, and the proportion of the iron powder, quartz sand, clay and water is 3.5:8.5:2:

1.

3. The model test device for a rock slope in a library area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level control module comprises a water injection pipe (3), a water outlet pipe (10), a first intelligent control valve (4), a second intelligent control valve (9), an ultrasonic liquid level meter (17), an intelligent control booster pump (6) and a water tank (7), the water injection pipe (3) is fixedly connected to the lower part of one end of the model box (1), the water injection pipe (3) is connected with the first intelligent control valve (4), the water outlet pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the other end of the model box (1), the water outlet pipe (10) is connected with the second intelligent control valve (9), the ultrasonic liquid level meter (17) is fixedly installed at the top of one end inside the model box (1), the water outlet pipe (10) is connected with the water tank (7) at the end away from the model box (1), the water injection pipe (3) is connected with the intelligent control booster pump (6) at the end away from the model box (1), and the intelligent control booster pump (6) is connected with the water tank (7) through a water pipe.

4. The rock slope model test device for a library area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water level control module further comprises a controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter (17), the first intelligent control valve (4) and the second intelligent control valve (9) are electrically connected with the controller, the ultrasonic liquid level meter (17) transmits detection signals to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the first intelligent control valve (4) and the second intelligent control valve (9).

5. The model test device for a rock slope in a library area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring system comprises a dynamic data acquisition instrument, a high-speed camera (14), a moisture sensor (12), a strain gauge (13), a pore water pressure sensor (11) and a computer (15), and the moisture sensor (12), the strain gauge (13) and the pore water pressure sensor (11) are connected with the dynamic data acquisition instrument. The pore water pressure sensor (11) is arranged inside the rock slope body (2), and is used for monitoring the pore water pressure change in the rock slope. The strain gauge (13) is arranged on the surface of the rock slope body (2), and is used for monitoring the strain of the key points on the model surface, and reflecting the local deformation characteristics of the rock under the actions of load, dry-wet expansion / shrinkage and erosion. The moisture sensor (12) is arranged inside the rock slope body (2), and is used for monitoring the water content in the rock slope. The dynamic data acquisition instrument is used for receiving the data information monitored by the pore water pressure sensor (11), the strain gauge (13) and the moisture sensor (12). The dynamic data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the computer (15), and the computer (15) is used for recording the monitoring data information collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument. The high-speed camera (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the other end inside the side model box (1), and is used for monitoring the deformation of the rock slope body (2), and the high-speed camera (14) is electrically connected with the computer (15).

6. The model test device for a rock slope in a library area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wave making module comprises a rocking plate type wave making plate (5) and a wave absorbing system (8), the rocking plate type wave making plate (5) is connected with the computer (15), the rocking plate type wave making plate (5) is arranged on the side of the water injection pipe (3) in the model box (1), and the rocking plate type wave making plate (5) is controlled by the computer (15), and the wave absorbing system (8) is arranged on the side of the water outlet pipe (10) in the model box (1).

7. The model test device for a rock slope in a library area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry-wet cycle module comprises an electric fan (16), and the electric fan (16) is fixedly connected to the top end inside the model box (1).

8. A method for testing a rock slope model of a reservoir area, which is used for the rock slope model testing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: At least comprising the following steps: S1: first, build the model box (1) and connect the water level control module; S2: make the rock slope model, and pour the bedrock layer by using similar materials; S3: build the water level control module in the model box (1); S4: after the rock slope model is laid, the initial state of the slope is scanned and recorded by using a three-dimensional laser scanner; S5: simulate the dry-wet cycle and erosion process, the base is saturated: first, open the first intelligent control valve (4), pour water into the model box through the water injection pipe (3), and then slowly raise the water level to the lowest water level in the test design, and then start to soak the bedrock layer of the rock slope model until saturation; water level rising: after the bedrock layer is saturated, slowly raise the water level to the highest water level in the test design, and let the model be saturated in the soaking range, open the first intelligent control valve (4) and the second intelligent control valve (9) during the water level rising process, when the ultrasonic liquid level meter (17) detects that the water level in the model box (1) reaches the highest water level in the test design, control the valve opening degree of the first intelligent control valve (4) and the second intelligent control valve (9) to be consistent, and keep the water flow velocity in the model box (1) at the designed water flow velocity through the intelligent control of the booster pump (6), and the rocking plate type wave making plate (5) makes waves at the same time; water level falling: by controlling the first intelligent control valve (4) to be closed, continuously opening the second intelligent control valve (9), slowly lowering the water level through the water outlet pipe (10), at this time, the electric fan (16) is opened synchronously, and the water level is lowered to expose the part of the rock slope model to the air, when the ultrasonic liquid level meter (17) detects that the water level in the model box (1) reaches the lowest water level in the test design, control the valve opening degree of the first intelligent control valve (4) and the second intelligent control valve (9) to be consistent, and keep the water flow velocity in the model box at the designed water flow velocity through the intelligent control of the booster pump (6), and the rocking plate type wave making plate (5) makes waves at the same time, and the corresponding dry-wet cycle and erosion simulation test is completed; S6: during the test, the change process of the rock slope model in the dry-wet cycle and erosion test is recorded by using the high-speed camera (14), and the evolution process of the slope is analyzed by combining the data collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument.

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