A compound preparation for slowing down nitrogen loss in soil and its application method in soil

Abstract

This invention discloses a compound preparation for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil and its application method in soil. The compound preparation consists of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponin. The mass ratio of each component in the nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:100. In use, the above components are mixed evenly with the nitrogen fertilizer according to the specified ratio and applied to the soil using conventional nitrogen fertilizer application methods. This significantly reduces urease activity in the soil, decreases ammonia volatilization loss, and increases crop yield. This invention significantly reduces urease activity in the soil through the synergistic effect of the three components in inhibiting urease. All components are natural substances, overcoming the toxicity drawbacks of existing urease inhibitor products. Furthermore, it can reduce the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions by approximately 80%, demonstrating excellent prospects for widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of improving agricultural nitrogen fertilizer utilization, specifically to a compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss and its application method in soil. Background Technology

[0002] In current agriculture, nitrogen fertilizer utilization has long been low, with large amounts of nitrogen lost through volatilization and leaching, leading to resource waste and environmental pollution. The rapid decomposition of urea in the soil is a core link in nitrogen loss; urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonium nitrogen. This process not only accelerates nitrogen volatilization but also causes soil acidification and microbial imbalance. Data shows that traditional nitrogen fertilizer utilization is less than 30%, while nitrogen loss due to urease activity accounts for a significant proportion, especially under high temperature and humidity conditions, where ammonia volatilization can account for more than 40% of applied nitrogen. Therefore, developing highly efficient urease inhibitors has become an urgent need to improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization.

[0003] While current mainstream inhibitors such as n-butylthiophosphate triamine (NBPT) can delay urea hydrolysis, they still have significant drawbacks: Single-component toxicity: Some synthetic inhibitor metabolites have potential toxicity to soil microorganisms or crop roots, and long-term use may disrupt the ecological balance; Insufficient inhibitory effect: In complex soil environments, inhibitors are easily affected by factors such as pH and temperature, leading to activity fluctuations and an inability to stably match crop nutrient requirements; Poor synergistic effect of compound formulations: Existing compound formulations often simply combine components, lacking molecular-level synergistic mechanisms, resulting in limited synergistic effects and even potential antagonistic effects.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a novel compound urease inhibitor is urgently needed, whose components must meet the following conditions: environmental friendliness: components should be derived from natural or biodegradable raw materials to avoid toxic residues; multi-target synergy: efficient and sustained inhibition can be achieved through mechanisms such as inhibiting the active site of urease, interfering with the conformation of enzyme proteins, or blocking urea channels; complementary and synergistic effects of components: each component needs to complement the other in terms of action site, metabolic pathway, or environmental adaptability, rather than simply being superimposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a compound preparation for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil and its application method in soil. The compound preparation consists of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponin. The mass ratio of each component in the nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:100. When using it, the above components are mixed evenly with the nitrogen fertilizer according to the ratio and applied to the soil according to the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application method. This can significantly reduce urease activity in the soil, reduce ammonia volatilization loss, and increase crop yield. This invention significantly reduces urease activity in the soil through the synergistic effect of the above three components in urease inhibition. All components are natural substances, overcoming the toxicity drawbacks of urease inhibitor products in existing technologies, and can reduce the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions by about 80%, showing excellent prospects for promotion and application.

[0006] To achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] A compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss, comprising:

[0008] γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins;

[0009] The dosage of each component is as follows:

[0010] The dosage of each component of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins in nitrogen fertilizer is as follows: the mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins to nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:100.

[0011] Furthermore, the γ-polyglutamic acid is in the form of an aqueous solution or a powder.

[0012] Furthermore, the natural steroid saponin is in powder form.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, natural steroid saponins to nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2:0.2:0.4:100.

[0014] Furthermore, the γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins are respectively mixed with nitrogen fertilizer, or the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins are dispersed in eugenol and then mixed with nitrogen fertilizer.

[0015] The application method of a compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss is as follows:

[0016] The above-mentioned compound preparations can be mixed first and then mixed evenly with nitrogen fertilizer, or the individual components of the compound preparations can be mixed evenly with nitrogen fertilizer separately. Nitrogen fertilizer can be applied according to the conventional dosage and timing throughout the crop planting process.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific method for mixing the compound preparation first and then mixing it evenly with the nitrogen fertilizer is as follows:

[0018] First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified ratio. Disperse the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in the eugenol to obtain a mixture. Spray the mixture evenly onto the nitrogen fertilizer that is being continuously stirred. After the components are completely mixed evenly, it can be used according to the conventional method for nitrogen fertilizer.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific method for uniformly mixing the individual components of the compound preparation in the nitrogen fertilizer is as follows:

[0020] First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified ratio. Spray eugenol evenly onto the nitrogen fertilizer while it is being continuously stirred. Then, sprinkle in γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in sequence. After the components are completely mixed evenly, it can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer according to the conventional method.

[0021] Furthermore, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0022] Furthermore, the crop is one of rice, wheat, and corn.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention discloses a compound preparation for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil and its application method in soil. The compound preparation consists of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponin. The mass ratio of each component in the nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:100. In use, the above components are mixed evenly with the nitrogen fertilizer according to the specified ratio and applied to the soil using conventional nitrogen fertilizer application methods. This significantly reduces urease activity in the soil, reduces ammonia volatilization loss, and increases crop yield. This invention significantly reduces urease activity in the soil through the synergistic effect of the three components in inhibiting urease. All components are natural substances, overcoming the toxicity drawbacks of existing urease inhibitor products. It can also reduce cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions by about 80% and significantly increase yield, demonstrating excellent prospects for widespread application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0027] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] The γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins in the following examples and comparative examples can be commercially available products.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] Compound preparation 1 for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil contains γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, natural steroid saponins, and urea in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.1:0.3:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.2 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid, 0.1 kg of eugenol, and 0.3 kg of natural steroid saponins.

[0031] First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified ratio. Spray all the eugenol evenly onto the urea while it is being continuously stirred. Then, sprinkle in γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in sequence. After the components are completely mixed evenly, you will get urea containing compound preparation 1 that slows down the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil. It can be used according to the conventional method for urea. The application time and method are described below.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] Compound preparation 2 for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil contains γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, natural steroid saponins, and urea in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.3:0.5:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.3 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid, 0.3 kg of eugenol, and 0.5 kg of natural steroid saponins.

[0034] First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified proportions. Spray the eugenol evenly onto the urea while it is being continuously stirred. Then, sprinkle in the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in sequence. After mixing the components thoroughly, you will get urea containing compound preparation 2 that slows down the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil. It can be used according to the conventional method for urea. The application time and method are described below.

[0035] Example 3:

[0036] The compound preparation 3, which reduces nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, contains γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, natural steroid saponins, and urea in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.2:0.4:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.2 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid, 0.2 kg of eugenol, and 0.4 kg of natural steroid saponins.

[0037] First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified proportions. Spray the eugenol evenly onto the urea while it is being continuously stirred. Then, sprinkle in the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in sequence. After mixing the components thoroughly, you will get urea containing compound preparation 3 that slows down the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil. It can be used according to the conventional method for urea. The application time and method are described below.

[0038] All comparative examples are based on Example 3.

[0039] Comparative Example 1:

[0040] Compound formulation 4 for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil has the following components and dosages: the mass ratio of eugenol, natural steroid saponins, and urea is 0.267:0.534:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.267 kg of eugenol and 0.534 kg of natural steroid saponins. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0041] Comparative Example 2:

[0042] Compound formulation 5, which mitigates nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, has a mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, natural steroid saponins, and urea of ​​0.267:0.534:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.267 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid and 0.534 kg of natural steroid saponins. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0043] Comparative Example 3:

[0044] Compound formulation 6, which mitigates nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, has a mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and urea of ​​0.4:0.4:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.4 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid and 0.4 kg of eugenol. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0045] Comparative Example 4:

[0046] Compound formulation 7, which mitigates nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, has a mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid to urea of ​​0.8:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.8 kg of γ-polyglutamic acid. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0047] Comparative Example 5:

[0048] Compound formulation 8, which reduces nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, has a eugenol to urea mass ratio of 0.8:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.8 kg of eugenol. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0049] Comparative Example 6:

[0050] Compound formulation 9, which mitigates nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, has a natural steroid saponin to urea mass ratio of 0.8:100, meaning that 100 kg of urea contains 0.8 kg of natural steroid saponin. Other aspects remain consistent with Example 3.

[0051] Comparative Example 7:

[0052] No compound preparations to reduce nitrogen fertilizer loss in the soil were added; only ordinary urea was applied, and the amount of urea applied was the same as in Example 3.

[0053] The compound formulations for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are evaluated below:

[0054] A field plot experiment was conducted in 2024 in Dayuan Village, Luzhou Township, Shanggao County. The soil in the experimental field had a pH of 5.38, an organic matter content of 27.6 g / kg, a total nitrogen content of 1.68 mg / kg, and moderate soil fertility. The rice variety planted was Weiliangyou 7713. The entire field was divided into 30 plots, each with an area of ​​30 m². 2 Field ridges were constructed between plots and covered with plastic film. There were 10 treatment plots in total, with three replicates for each. Treatment plots 1-9 were urea treatments containing a compound formulation that mitigates soil nitrogen loss, as used in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6, respectively. Treatment plot 10 was the conventional fertilization treatment (without urea containing the compound formulation that mitigates soil nitrogen loss, i.e., Comparative Example 7). All plots were treated with 8 kg / mu of pure N (urea containing the compound formulation that mitigates soil nitrogen loss); all plots were treated with 4.5 kg / mu of P2O5 and 10.5 kg / mu of K2O. The nitrogen fertilizer used was urea (46% N content), the phosphate fertilizer was calcium magnesium phosphate (16% P2O5 content), and the potassium fertilizer was potassium chloride (60% K2O content).

[0055] The specific usage method is as follows:

[0056] Rice seedlings are raised in the field. One day before transplanting, each plot is prepared according to the treatment requirements. Urea containing compound preparations that reduce nitrogen loss in the soil is thoroughly mixed with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium chloride fertilizer and then applied to the paddy field. Other field management methods and pest and disease control methods are consistent with the traditional methods.

[0057] Urease activity assay: Soil samples were collected on days 1, 3, 7, 15, 25, 40 and 55 after fertilization to determine urease activity. The phenol-sodium hypochlorite method was used to determine urease activity.

[0058] Ammonia volatilization determination: The intermittent vacuum method was used for determination. The sampling frequency was once a day within 14 days after urea application, and twice a week at other times. The vacuuming periods were 9:00-11:00 am and 3:00-5:00 pm.

[0059] After the rice matures, the actual harvest is carried out in each plot for yield measurement.

[0060] Table 1 shows the average reduction in urease activity in the treatment areas of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 relative to the urease activity in Comparative Example 7. For example, Example 3 reduced urease activity by 50.9%, 50.6%, 52.9%, 51.2%, 50.8%, 51.0%, and 47.3% (relative to Comparative Example 7) on days 1, 3, 7, 15, 25, 40, and 55, respectively. The reduction values ​​of individual components in Comparative Examples 4, 5, and 6 indicate that γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponins exert a synergistic effect in inhibiting urease activity in the soil. Applying nitrogen fertilizer to the soil according to conventional application methods can significantly reduce urease activity in the soil.

[0061] Table 1. Summary of the reduction in urease activity in each treatment zone relative to control example 7.

[0062]

[0063] Table 2 shows a summary comparison of the average cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions in the treatment areas of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7. Taking Example 3 as an example, it reduced the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions by nearly 80% compared to ordinary urea in Comparative Example 7, demonstrating a significant advantage. In the comparative examples, the effect of reducing the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions was greatly reduced when an equal amount of inhibitor was used. The results indicate that by utilizing the synergistic effect of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponins to inhibit urease activity in the soil, and applying them to the soil according to the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application method, the urease activity in the soil can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing ammonia volatilization losses.

[0064] Table 2 Summary of average cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions from each treatment zone

[0065]

[0066] Table 3 shows a summary comparison of the average yields of the treatment areas in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7. Compared with ordinary urea in Comparative Example 7, the yield of the Examples increased by nearly 30%. The results of the Comparative Examples and Examples show that by utilizing the synergistic effect of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins to inhibit urease activity in the soil, the urease activity in the soil can be significantly reduced and crop yield increased when applied to the soil according to the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application method.

[0067] Table 3 Average rice yield in each treatment area

[0068]

[0069] Note 1: Except for the fertilization method, all other conventional cultivation methods are the same for the groups in the table.

[0070] Based on the above experimental results, this invention utilizes the synergistic effect of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponins to inhibit urease activity in the soil. When applied to the soil using conventional nitrogen fertilizer application methods, it can significantly reduce urease activity in the soil, reduce ammonia volatilization loss, and increase crop yield.

[0071] In summary, this invention discloses a compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss and its application method in soil. The compound preparation consists of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and the natural steroid saponin. The mass ratio of each component in the nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:100. When using, the above components are mixed evenly with the nitrogen fertilizer according to the specified ratio and applied to the soil using conventional nitrogen fertilizer application methods. This significantly reduces urease activity in the soil, decreases ammonia volatilization loss, and increases crop yield. This invention significantly reduces urease activity in the soil through the synergistic effect of the three components in urease inhibition. All components are natural substances, overcoming the toxicity drawbacks of existing urease inhibitor products. Furthermore, it can reduce the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions by approximately 80%, demonstrating excellent prospects for widespread application.

[0072] Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A composite preparation for mitigating nitrogen fertilizer loss in soil, characterized by comprising, The components of the compound preparation are: γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins; The dosage of each component is as follows: The dosage of each component of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins in nitrogen fertilizer is as follows: the mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol and natural steroid saponins to nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.3-0.5:

100. The nitrogen fertilizer mentioned is urea.

2. The compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The γ-polyglutamic acid is in the form of an aqueous solution or a powder.

3. The compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural steroid saponin is in powder form.

4. The compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, natural steroid saponins to nitrogen fertilizer is 0.2:0.2:0.4:

100.

5. The compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid sasaponin are mixed with nitrogen fertilizer, or the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid sasaponin are dispersed in eugenol and then mixed with nitrogen fertilizer.

6. The application method of the compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific application method is as follows: The compound preparation can be mixed first and then mixed evenly with nitrogen fertilizer, or the individual components of the compound preparation can be mixed evenly with nitrogen fertilizer separately. Nitrogen fertilizer can be applied according to the conventional dosage and timing throughout the crop planting process.

7. The application method of the compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for mixing the compound preparation first and then mixing it evenly with nitrogen fertilizer is as follows: First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified ratio. Disperse the γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in the eugenol to obtain a mixture. Spray the mixture evenly onto the nitrogen fertilizer that is being continuously stirred. After the components are completely mixed evenly, it can be used according to the conventional method for nitrogen fertilizer.

8. The method of applying the compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for uniformly mixing the individual components of the compound preparation in nitrogen fertilizer is as follows: First, weigh out γ-polyglutamic acid, eugenol, and natural steroid saponins according to the specified ratio. Spray eugenol evenly onto the nitrogen fertilizer while it is being continuously stirred. Then, sprinkle in γ-polyglutamic acid and natural steroid saponins in sequence. After the components are completely mixed evenly, it can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer according to the conventional method.

9. The application method of the compound preparation for mitigating soil nitrogen fertilizer loss as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The crop mentioned is one of rice, wheat, or corn.

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