Natural reserve ecological data dynamic fusion method based on three-dimensional geographic information system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a natural reserve ecological data dynamic fusion method based on a three-dimensional geographic information system. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an original observation value of an ecological factor, and carrying out standardization processing to obtain a standardized value of the ecological factor; calculating a deviation degree based on the standardized value of the ecological factor; based on the standardized values and the deviation degrees of the ecological factors, an ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm is adopted, and ecological response indexes are obtained through calculation; and based on the ecological response indexes, generating a final color vector through an ecological response color mapping algorithm. The problems that according to a traditional ecological data dynamic fusion method, all monitoring points are regarded as independent individuals, and the propagation characteristics of short-distance high influence and long-distance gradual attenuation are difficult to quantify are solved; the problems that in a three-dimensional scene, abstract ecological stress intensity is difficult to convert into visual and gradually-changing color information, parameterized regulation and control on human eye sensitivity are lacked, and a high-risk area is easy to cover or misjudge are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 3D modeling, and in particular to a method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a 3D geographic information system. Background Technology

[0002] Nature reserves are important barriers to maintaining regional ecological security and biodiversity. However, under the dual impact of global climate change and intensified human activities, the vulnerability of ecosystem structures is constantly increasing. Traditional manual patrols and periodic monitoring methods are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of refined protection and dynamic management. Ecological data dynamic fusion methods based on three-dimensional geographic information systems (3D GIS) have emerged. They can utilize multi-source heterogeneous data such as remote sensing images, ground IoT sensors, and UAV monitoring to achieve a true mapping and dynamic update of the ecological environment through three-dimensional spatial modeling. This enables the collaborative expression of multi-scale ecological elements under a unified coordinate system, making the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological processes visible.

[0003] Traditional methods for dynamic fusion of ecological data often treat each monitoring point as an independent entity, ignoring the "neighborhood impact" pattern of ecological disturbances spreading to the surrounding areas through vegetation, hydrology, food chains, and other pathways. This makes it difficult to quantify the propagation characteristics of high impact at close range and gradual decay at long distances. In three-dimensional scenes, it is difficult to convert the abstract intensity of ecological stress into intuitive and gradually changing color information, and there is a lack of parameterized control over human eye sensitivity, which can easily lead to the concealment or misjudgment of high-risk areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a dynamic fusion method for ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system. This method addresses the problems of traditional dynamic fusion methods that treat each monitoring point as an independent entity, ignoring the "neighborhood impact" pattern of ecological disturbances spreading to the surrounding areas through vegetation, hydrology, food chains, etc., making it difficult to quantify the propagation characteristics of high impact at close range and gradual decay at long distances. Furthermore, it is difficult to convert the abstract intensity of ecological stress into intuitive and gradually changing color information in a three-dimensional scene, and it lacks parameterized control of human eye sensitivity, which can easily lead to the concealment or misjudgment of high-risk areas.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system, which specifically includes the following technical solutions: A method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the raw observation values ​​of ecological factors and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; calculate the deviation based on the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; and calculate the ecological response index based on the standardized values ​​and deviation of ecological factors using an ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm. S2. Based on the ecological response index, the final color vector is generated through the ecological response color mapping algorithm.

[0006] Preferably, S1 specifically includes: For each standardized ecological factor, an ecologically stable operating range is defined; based on the standardized value of the ecological factor, combined with the midpoint and half-width of the ecologically stable operating range, the deviation is calculated.

[0007] Preferably, S1 specifically includes: In the implementation of the dynamic fusion algorithm for ecological data, based on the deviation degree, a time perturbation adjustment term and an ecological importance weight are introduced to calculate the ecological response index.

[0008] Preferably, S1 specifically includes: Based on the standardized values ​​of ecological factors and the ecological stability operating range, the relative rate of change is calculated; based on the relative rate of change and the disturbance adjustment factor, a time disturbance adjustment term is generated.

[0009] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: In the implementation of the ecological response color mapping algorithm, spatial weighting is introduced to quantify the influence of neighboring points on the current point's disturbance response.

[0010] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: The spatial weighting is achieved by calculating the spatial distance between the current point and its neighboring points, and then combining this with a Gaussian function to generate a spatial distance weight kernel.

[0011] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: Based on the spatial distance weight kernel, the ecological response indicators of neighboring points are weighted and summarized to obtain the comprehensive disturbance response intensity.

[0012] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: In the implementation of the ecological response color mapping algorithm, a color sensitivity coefficient and a reference color vector are introduced to convert the comprehensive disturbance response intensity into a visual color vector, generate the final color vector, and realize the color change of the ecological state in three-dimensional space.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: 1. Based on species tolerance experiments, historical data, and expert knowledge, an ecologically stable operating range was established. By calculating the deviation of the standardized values ​​of ecological factors from their optimal states, the health status of ecological factors was accurately quantified. The introduction of squared processing in the deviation calculation process can reflect the slight impact of small deviations and the superlinear risks of large deviations, making the assessment of ecological stress more scientific and providing a basis for identifying potential ecological risks.

[0014] 2. By integrating the deviation and disturbance effects of various ecological factors through a weighted approach, and combining the ecological importance weights determined based on the Delphi method, ecological response indicators are comprehensively calculated. This fully reflects the stability and health of the ecosystem in a specific time and space, realizing multi-factor collaborative analysis and providing a scientific basis for ecological protection decision-making.

[0015] 3. By constructing a spatial distance weight kernel through a Gaussian function and combining it with the ecological response index of neighboring points, the comprehensive disturbance response intensity is calculated. This realistically simulates the propagation pattern of ecological disturbances through mechanisms such as food chains and hydrological cycles. The spatial weighting method conforms to the ecological propagation characteristics of "local priority and gradual decay", enhancing the spatial analysis capability of ecological status.

[0016] 4. By converting the comprehensive disturbance response intensity into a visual color vector through color mapping, and combining the color sensitivity coefficient and the reference color vector, an intuitive final color vector is generated, which can display color changes in three-dimensional space. This not only makes it easier for managers to quickly identify high-risk areas, but also intuitively reflects the health dynamics of the ecosystem, providing a visual basis for ecological protection decisions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a specific scheme for a dynamic fusion method of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system provided by the present invention.

[0021] See attached document Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a dynamic fusion method for ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the raw observation values ​​of ecological factors and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; calculate the deviation based on the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; and calculate the ecological response index based on the standardized values ​​and deviation of ecological factors using an ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm. This invention targets nature reserves, covering multiple channels including satellite remote sensing, ground-based IoT sensors, UAV infrared sensors, and patrol terminals, enabling real-time observation. Time The spatial location of individual ecological factors raw observations at the location The original observations include air humidity, surface temperature, soil salinity, etc. These are WGS84 latitude and longitude projection coordinates. Elevation Represents a timestamp. Indicates the quantity of ecological factors; Subsequently, the raw observation values ​​of each ecological factor were standardized, such as by z-score standardization, to eliminate dimensional differences and obtain standardized values ​​for the ecological factors. The standardization process is a well-known technique in the art and will not be elaborated here. Based on species tolerance experiments, historical data, and expert knowledge, lower and upper limits are given for each standardized ecological factor, forming an ecologically stable operating range. ,in, Indicates the first The lower limit of the ecologically stable operating range of each ecological factor. Indicates the first The upper limit of the ecologically stable operating range of an ecological factor; the midpoint of the ecologically stable operating range represents the optimal state, and the half-width of the ecologically stable operating range represents the tolerance for deviations from the standardized ecological factor.

[0022] For each standardized ecological factor, the difference between the standardized value of the ecological factor and the midpoint of the ecologically stable operating range is first calculated. Then, the difference is scaled using half the width of the ecologically stable operating range to obtain the relative distance. The relative distance is squared to treat both over- and under-optimal deviations equally, ensuring that deviations in any direction are amplified equally. The physical meaning of squaring is that small deviations correspond to mild ecological stress, while large deviations will exhibit superlinear growth, reflecting the fact that the risk of the ecosystem increases sharply when it approaches or crosses the tolerance boundary. Thus, a non-negative deviation degree can be obtained for each standardized ecological factor. If the deviation degree is close to 0, it indicates that the standardized ecological factor is currently in an optimal state. When the deviation degree is close to 1, it means that the standardized value of the ecological factor is approaching the tolerance boundary. A deviation degree significantly greater than 1 indicates that the standardized value of the ecological factor has exceeded the boundary, potentially causing actual stress to the ecological process. The formula for calculating the deviation is:

[0023] in, Indicates time Time The spatial location of individual ecological factors Deviation at; Indicates the first The midpoint of the ecologically stable operating range of each ecological factor is calculated using the following formula: ; Indicates the first The half-width of the ecologically stable operating range of each ecological factor is calculated using the following formula: ; Furthermore, based on the standardized values ​​and deviations of ecological factors, an ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm is used to calculate ecological response indicators to reflect the stability and health of the entire ecosystem in a specific time and space. In the ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm, deviation is introduced to provide the basic perturbation intensity, ensuring that the ecological response indicators can sensitively capture the degree to which ecological factors deviate from the optimal state. A time perturbation adjustment term is introduced to weight the changes of ecological factors in a short period of time (such as sharp increases or decreases), so that the ecological factors that change more significantly within a time period contribute more significantly to the ecological response indicators, thereby enhancing the response sensitivity to sudden events such as natural disasters and ecological mutations. The time disturbance adjustment term needs to calculate the change of the standardized value of the current ecological factor relative to the previous moment, and perform standardization processing in combination with the half-width of the ecological stable operation interval to obtain the relative change rate. The relative change rate is combined with the disturbance adjustment factor to generate the time disturbance adjustment term. The disturbance adjustment factor will amplify the contribution of the ecological factor to the ecological response when drastic changes occur. The formula for calculating the ecological response index is:

[0024] in, Indicates time At that time, in spatial location Ecological response indicators at the location; Indicates to The contributions of each ecological factor are summed; Indicates the first The ecological importance weights of each ecological factor were determined using the Delphi method to ensure that important ecological factors have a more significant impact on ecological response indicators. The Delphi method is a well-known technique in the art and will not be described in detail here. Indicates the time disturbance adjustment term; This represents the disturbance adjustment factor, determined through cross-validation, and its value range is [value range missing]. Cross-validation is a well-known technique in the field of science and will not be elaborated here. Indicates time Time The spatial location of individual ecological factors Standardized value at that location, The time interval is dynamically determined based on the actual data acquisition frequency and the system's real-time requirements. This represents the relative rate of change.

[0025] S2. Based on the ecological response index, the final color vector is generated through the ecological response color mapping algorithm.

[0026] In complex ecosystems like nature reserves, any ecological disturbance at a single location, such as localized drought, abnormal animal migration, or human-caused damage, is not an isolated event. Instead, it spreads and propagates to surrounding areas through mechanisms such as food chains, hydrological cycles, and vegetation connectivity. Therefore, spatial weighting is introduced into the ecological response color mapping algorithm. By calculating the spatial distance between the current point and its neighboring points and combining it with a Gaussian function, a spatial distance weight kernel is generated to quantify the degree of influence of each neighboring point on the disturbance response of the current point. The closer the point is, the greater its influence on the disturbance. Based on the spatial distance weight kernel of disturbance propagation, the ecological response index of each neighboring point is weighted and summarized. By using the disturbance information of the spatial neighborhood, the comprehensive disturbance response intensity of the current point is calculated. The spatial weighting method conforms to the ecological propagation law of "local priority and gradual decay". The formula for calculating the intensity of the combined disturbance response is:

[0027] in, Indicates time In spatial location The overall disturbance response intensity at the location; The spatial distance weight kernel uses a Gaussian function to measure spatial location. With neighboring points The distance between points affects the propagation of disturbances; the closer the points are, the greater the impact on their spatial position. The greater the impact; Representing neighborhood points Spatial location; Indicates spatial location The set of neighboring points, which includes the current point; This represents adaptive bandwidth; a value based on spatial location is recommended. The median distance to neighboring points; Indicates the scale term; Represents the square of the Euclidean distance; Representing the natural exponential function, with The base is used to map the squared penalty of the distance to... The interval is used to ensure that the spatial distance weight kernel monotonically decreases with distance; Indicates time In spatial location Ecological response indicators at the location; This indicates that the weights are normalized to ensure that the sum of all spatial distance weights is 1; Furthermore, color mapping of the disturbance response is performed based on the comprehensive disturbance response intensity, converting the comprehensive disturbance response intensity into color information that can be intuitively perceived visually; The overall perturbation response intensity is combined with a reference color vector using a color sensitivity coefficient to generate the final color vector, as expressed by the following formula:

[0028] in, Indicates time In spatial location The final color vector at that location; Indicates spatial location The base color vector at that location is derived from the visual configuration; This represents the color sensitivity coefficient, used to control the sensitivity of color to disturbances. It is a visual parameter calibrated based on human visual perception experiments or managerial preferences, and its value range is... ; Color mapping can realize color changes of ecological status in three-dimensional space, which can not only help decision-makers quickly identify high-risk areas, but also intuitively display the health changes of the ecosystem, providing intuitive evidence for ecological protection.

[0029] In summary, a dynamic fusion method for ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system has been developed.

[0030] The order of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0031] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0032] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the raw observation values ​​of ecological factors and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; calculate the deviation based on the standardized values ​​of ecological factors; and calculate the ecological response index based on the standardized values ​​and deviation of ecological factors using an ecological data dynamic fusion algorithm. S2. Based on the ecological response index, the final color vector is generated through the ecological response color mapping algorithm.

2. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: For each standardized ecological factor, an ecologically stable operating range is defined; based on the standardized value of the ecological factor, combined with the midpoint and half-width of the ecologically stable operating range, the deviation is calculated.

3. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 2, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: In the implementation of the dynamic fusion algorithm for ecological data, based on the deviation degree, a time perturbation adjustment term and an ecological importance weight are introduced to calculate the ecological response index.

4. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 3, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: Based on the standardized values ​​of ecological factors and the ecological stability operating range, the relative rate of change is calculated; based on the relative rate of change and the disturbance adjustment factor, a time disturbance adjustment term is generated.

5. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: In the implementation of the ecological response color mapping algorithm, spatial weighting is introduced to quantify the influence of neighboring points on the current point's disturbance response.

6. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 5, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: The spatial weighting is achieved by calculating the spatial distance between the current point and its neighboring points and combining it with a Gaussian function to generate a spatial distance weight kernel.

7. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 6, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: Based on the spatial distance weight kernel, the ecological response indicators of neighboring points are weighted and summarized to obtain the comprehensive disturbance response intensity.

8. The method for dynamic fusion of ecological data of nature reserves based on a three-dimensional geographic information system according to claim 7, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: In the implementation of the ecological response color mapping algorithm, a color sensitivity coefficient and a reference color vector are introduced to convert the comprehensive disturbance response intensity into a visual color vector, generate the final color vector, and realize the color change of the ecological state in three-dimensional space.

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