Float separation instrument for low-grade phosphorite

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of phosphorite flotation, in particular to a low-grade phosphorite float separation instrument which comprises a barrel body, a microbubble mineralization assembly, a flotation assembly and a driving assembly, the barrel body is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the microbubble mineralization assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end in the barrel body, and the microbubble mineralization assembly comprises a liquid inlet end and a dispersion end; the flotation assembly is fixedly installed in the middle of the interior of the barrel body, and the dispersion end of the microbubble mineralization assembly is connected with the middle of the flotation assembly; through the designed micro-bubble mineralization assembly, a dual-bubble generation mechanism of preliminary dispersion of venturi negative-pressure air suction and continuous release of micro-bubbles by a microporous wall is integrated, and a high-strength turbulent flow field is generated in combination with the crushing frame rotating at a high speed, so that high-probability and high-strength collision and adhesion of micro-bubbles and micro-fine particle phosphorite are forcibly promoted; the problem that micro-fine particles are difficult to recycle in conventional flotation is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of phosphate rock flotation technology, and in particular to a flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate rock. Background Technology

[0002] Phosphate rock, as a non-renewable strategic mineral resource, is the cornerstone of ensuring food security and the stability of the phosphate chemical industry chain. With the continuous depletion of my country's high-quality phosphate rock resources, complex and difficult-to-process low-grade phosphate rock has become a key focus of development and utilization. Typical marine sedimentary phosphate deposits, represented by the Dongshanfeng phosphate mine in Shimen County, Hunan Province, exhibit a close association between phosphate minerals (mainly fluorapatite) and abundant carbonate minerals such as dolomite and calcite, as well as silicate gangues such as quartz and clay minerals. These deposits have finely embedded grains, making individual particle liberation difficult, and have a high content of fine mud. During grinding, they easily generate large amounts of fine-grained and even micro-fine-grained slime, which non-selectively adsorbs large amounts of flotation reagents, interfering with the separation of coarse particles.

[0003] In the prior art, CN220610819U discloses a low-grade phosphate rock flotation device. Specifically, a motor drives a first synchronous pulley to rotate. Under the drive of a second synchronous pulley, a third synchronous pulley, a fourth synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt, the first rotating rod, the second rotating rod, and the third rotating rod can rotate synchronously. This allows the device to operate with just one motor, making it easy to use and reducing energy consumption and production costs.

[0004] The prior art in the aforementioned patent has the following drawbacks when in use: When the above equipment is in use, the bubbles generated by the agitated flotation machine are too large, and the flow field is unevenly turbulent, making it difficult to achieve effective collision and firm adhesion with fine apatite particles, resulting in serious loss of fine-grained useful minerals. Secondly, strong mechanical agitation can easily cause the attached minerals to fall off and aggravate the mechanical entrainment of gangue minerals. At the same time, there is a lack of effective means to clean the impurities entrained in the froth layer, making it difficult to improve the concentrate grade. Moreover, the collection of concentrate froth mostly relies on natural defoaming or the addition of chemical defoamers. The former is inefficient and requires a large area, while the latter increases costs and may introduce new pollution.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate rock, which can efficiently achieve selective recovery of fine-grained phosphate minerals, effectively overcome interference from slime and carbonates, and features a compact process and a high degree of intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the background art, this invention proposes a flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate ore.

[0007] The flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate ore provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate rock includes: a barrel, a microbubble mineralization component, a flotation component, and a drive component. The barrel has a cylindrical hollow structure. The microbubble mineralization component is fixedly installed at the lower end of the barrel. The microbubble mineralization component includes an inlet end and a dispersing end. The inlet end is located at the lower end of the barrel. The flotation component is fixedly installed in the middle of the barrel. The dispersing end of the microbubble mineralization component is connected to the middle of the flotation component. The pretreated sludge enters the microbubble mineralization component through the inlet end, and the mineralized and mixed sludge is then injected into the flotation component through the dispersing end. The drive component is installed at the upper end of the barrel and is used to connect with the middle of the microbubble mineralization component and the flotation component.

[0008] Furthermore, the microbubble mineralization component includes an inlet pipe, a mixing unit, a mixing cylinder, and a connection port. The inlet pipe has a cylindrical hollow structure with a conical upper end. A mixing unit is installed at the upper end of the inlet pipe, and the lower end of the mixing unit is fixedly installed between the inlet pipe and the cylinder body. A mixing cylinder is installed at the upper end of the mixing unit, and connection ports are evenly distributed on the upper outer side of the mixing cylinder. The connection ports are connected to the middle of the flotation component through a connecting pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixing unit includes an annular frame, a conduit, and a mixing rack. An annular frame is installed in the middle of the outer side of the inlet pipe. The annular frame has a hollow circular structure. Conduits are evenly installed on the annular frame. A mixing rack is fixedly installed at the upper end of the inlet pipe. The mixing rack has a circular structure. The lower end of the mixing rack extends into the inlet pipe. A conical groove is formed at the lower end of the mixing rack. A conical groove is formed at the upper end of the mixing rack. Through holes are evenly formed on the conical groove. The through holes are arranged at an angle and are connected to the conduit. The lower end of the mixing cylinder has a conical structure with the same taper as the conical groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a crushing frame is evenly arranged inside the mixing cylinder, the crushing frame is connected to the drive assembly, and crushing blades are evenly installed on the crushing frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mixing cylinder is made of hydrophobic microporous ceramic or microporous polymer membrane.

[0012] Furthermore, the flotation assembly includes a collection rack, flotation cylinders, a drain pipe, a guide rack, a defoaming unit, and a collection pipe. The collection rack is installed inside the tank body and has a circular hollow structure. A drain pipe is installed at the lower end of the tank body, connecting to the inside of the collection rack. The upper end of the collection rack has evenly spaced mounting holes, on which flotation cylinders are fixedly installed. The flotation cylinders have a cylindrical hollow structure, and their middle sections are connected to a mixing cylinder. A guide rack is installed at the upper end of the tank body, with a circular hole in its middle section that mates with the flotation cylinder. The guide rack has an inclined circular structure, and a defoaming unit is installed in the middle of the guide rack. A collection pipe is installed in the middle of the tank body and connected to the bottom of the defoaming unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the flotation cylinder has a cylindrical hollow structure, with a bubble generator installed at the lower end and an ultrasonic cleaner installed at the upper end.

[0014] Furthermore, the defoaming unit includes a collection rack and a defoaming roller. The collection rack is installed at the lower end of the liquid guide rack, and the defoaming roller is provided in the middle of the collection rack. The middle part of the defoaming roller is fixedly installed on the drive assembly, and defoaming holes are evenly opened on the inner wall of the defoaming roller.

[0015] Furthermore, the defoaming roller is also equipped with defoaming scrapers evenly arranged inside. The defoaming scrapers are fixedly installed on the liquid guide frame, and conical needles are evenly installed on the inner side of the defoaming scrapers.

[0016] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a sealing plate, a drive motor, and a rotating shaft. The sealing plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the barrel. The drive motor is installed on the upper end of the sealing plate through a motor mount. The rotating shaft is installed on the lower end of the sealing plate through a bearing. The upper end of the rotating shaft is connected to the drive motor, and the lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the defoaming unit and the mixing cylinder in sequence. Beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a flotation separation instrument for low-grade phosphate rock, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the designed microbubble mineralization component integrates a dual bubble generation mechanism of initial dispersion by Venturi negative pressure aspiration and continuous release of microbubbles from the micropore wall. Combined with a high-speed rotating crusher to generate a high-intensity turbulent field, it forcibly promotes high-probability and high-intensity collision and adhesion between microbubbles and fine-grained phosphate minerals, solving the problem of difficult recovery of fine particles in conventional flotation. At the same time, the ultrasonic cleaner set in the flotation component can generate extremely fine water mist, effectively cleaning gangue entrained in the foam, improving the concentrate grade, and achieving simultaneous optimization of recovery rate and selectivity.

[0018] 2. This invention innovatively integrates three core functional modules—efficient microbubble mineralization, column flotation separation, and mechanical defoaming collection—into a single tank. Through the single-shaft drive of the drive component, mineralization mixing and foam breaking are realized simultaneously, simplifying the transmission structure and replacing the lengthy process of traditional multi-stage and multi-equipment series connection. The equipment occupies a small area, has a short process flow, and is easy to install, operate, and maintain, making it particularly suitable for flexible application in small and medium-sized or complex mining areas.

[0019] 3. In this invention, the defoaming unit combines the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating defoaming roller with the piercing action of the conical needle on the fixed defoaming scraper to quickly and thoroughly break down the foam physically. It has high defoaming efficiency and speed, avoids the lag and space occupation problems of traditional natural defoaming, solves the product pollution and additional costs that chemical defoaming agents may bring, and realizes clean and efficient foam product recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the barrel body, microbubble mineralization component and flotation component of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the microbubble mineralization component and the flotation component of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the microbubble mineralization component of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the microbubble mineralization component of this application.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the flotation component of this application.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the flotation tube of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Barrel body; 2. Microbubble mineralization component; 21. Liquid inlet pipe; 22. Mixing unit; 221. Annular frame; 222. Conduit; 223. Mixing rack; 23. Mixing cylinder; 231. Crushing rack; 24. Connection port; 3. Flotation component; 31. Liquid collection rack; 32. Flotation cylinder; 321. Bubble generator; 322. Ultrasonic cleaner; 33. Drain pipe; 34. Liquid guide rack; 35. Defoaming unit; 351. Collection rack; 352. Defoaming roller; 353. Defoaming scraper; 36. Collection pipe; 4. Drive component; 41. Sealing plate; 42. Drive motor; 43. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-8This invention provides a low-grade phosphate rock flotation separation instrument, comprising: a barrel body 1, a microbubble mineralization component 2, a flotation component 3, and a drive component 4. The barrel body 1 has a cylindrical hollow structure. The microbubble mineralization component 2 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the barrel body 1. The microbubble mineralization component 2 includes an inlet end and a dispersing end. The inlet end is located at the lower end of the barrel body 1. The flotation component 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the barrel body 1. The dispersing end of the microbubble mineralization component 2 is connected to the middle of the flotation component 3. The pretreated sludge enters the microbubble mineralization component 2 through the inlet end, and then the mineralized and mixed sludge is injected into the flotation component 3 through the dispersing end. The drive component 4 is installed at the upper end of the barrel body 1. The drive component 4 is used to connect with the microbubble mineralization component 2 and the middle of the flotation component 3.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the pretreated and deslimed slurry is transported to the microbubble mineralization component 2 through the inlet end. The microbubble mineralization component 2 fully mixes the air and frother with the slurry, and the minerals are thoroughly stirred and mixed with the air and frother, so that the fine phosphate minerals can adhere to the bubbles. Then, the mixed slurry is injected into the flotation component 3 through the dispersion end. The phosphate minerals attached to the bubbles can rise along the flotation component 3 to achieve the function of flotation collection. The flotation slurry is discharged through the lower end of the flotation component 3. The drive component 4 is used to drive the minerals and bubbles to be thoroughly stirred and mixed and to defoam the bubbles after flotation, thereby obtaining a high-concentration phosphate slurry.

[0033] It should be noted that the low-grade phosphate slurry first enters the hydrocyclone pretreatment unit, which is a multi-stage hydrocyclone. The first-stage hydrocyclone can remove extremely fine slime (less than 10 μm), avoiding the slime from consuming a large amount of reagents and interfering with the flotation process. Subsequent hydrocyclones utilize the density differences between minerals to achieve preliminary separation of phosphate minerals and some gangue, thereby increasing the grade of the feed entering the flotation stage. At the same time, dispersants and some inhibitors are added before the hydrocyclone feed pump to enhance the interaction between reagents and minerals in the centrifugal field, dispersing slime and initially inhibiting carbonate minerals.

[0034] See Figures 3-6 As shown, as a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the microbubble mineralization component 2 includes an inlet pipe 21, a mixing unit 22, a mixing cylinder 23, and a connection port 24. The inlet pipe 21 has a cylindrical hollow structure, and the upper end of the inlet pipe 21 has a conical structure. The mixing unit 22 is installed at the upper end of the inlet pipe 21, and the lower end of the mixing unit 22 is fixedly installed between the inlet pipe 21 and the barrel 1. The mixing cylinder 23 is installed at the upper end of the mixing unit 22, and the connection port 24 is evenly opened on the upper outer side of the mixing cylinder 23. The connection port 24 is connected to the middle part of the flotation component 3 through a connecting pipe.

[0035] See 5- Figure 6As shown, in this preferred embodiment, the mixing unit 22 includes an annular frame 221, a conduit 222, and a mixing rack 223. The annular frame 221 is installed in the middle of the outer side of the inlet pipe 21. The annular frame 221 has a hollow annular structure. The conduit 222 is evenly installed on the annular frame 221. The mixing rack 223 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the inlet pipe 21. The mixing rack 223 has an annular structure. The lower end of the mixing rack 223 extends into the inlet pipe 21. A conical groove is provided at the lower end of the mixing rack 223. A conical groove is provided at the upper end of the mixing rack 223. Through holes are evenly provided on the conical groove. The through holes are arranged at an incline and are connected to the conduit 222. The lower end of the mixing cylinder 23 has a conical structure with the same taper as the conical groove.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the annular frame 221 has a hollow structure. Air and frother are gathered through the annular frame 221 and then enter the mixing frame 223 through the conduit 222. At the same time, the pretreated ore liquid moves upward through the inlet pipe 21. The upper section of the inlet pipe 21 is small. When the ore liquid enters the mixing frame 223 through the conical groove, the flow velocity of the ore liquid is the largest and the pressure is the smallest. The negative pressure generated by the high-speed fluid flow will draw in air and frother and disperse them into bubbles, causing close contact between the gas and liquid phases and forming a preliminary gas-liquid mixture. This achieves the purpose of full contact between the frother and the ore liquid, which is conducive to the adhesion of fine phosphate minerals to the bubbles and facilitates subsequent flotation collection.

[0037] See Figure 6 As shown, as a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the mixing cylinder 23 is also uniformly arranged with a crushing frame 231 inside. The crushing frame 231 is connected to the drive assembly 4, and crushing blades are uniformly installed on the crushing frame 231.

[0038] In the above technical solution, when the drive component 4 is working, the drive component 4 drives the crushing blades to rotate at high speed through the crushing frame 231. Multiple sets of staggered crushing blades cause the slurry, bubbles and collector to undergo extreme turbulence, shearing and mixing, which is particularly suitable for the adhesion of fine-grained phosphate minerals.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 23 is made of hydrophobic microporous ceramic or microporous polymer membrane.

[0040] In the above technical solution, micro-pressure air is connected to the outside of the microporous ceramic or microporous polymer membrane, so that the microporous ceramic or microporous polymer membrane can release microbubbles of uniform size (20-50μm) inward, which is conducive to the adhesion of fine phosphate mineral particles.

[0041] See Figures 3-7As shown, in this preferred embodiment, the flotation assembly 3 includes a collection rack 31, a flotation cylinder 32, a drain pipe 33, a guide rack 34, a defoaming unit 35, and a collection pipe 36. The collection rack 31 is installed inside the barrel 1. The collection rack 31 has a circular hollow structure. The drain pipe 33 is installed at the lower end of the barrel 1 and is connected to the inside of the collection rack 31. The upper end of the collection rack 31 has evenly spaced mounting holes. The flotation cylinder 32 is fixedly installed in the mounting holes. The flotation cylinder 32 has a cylindrical hollow structure. The middle part of the flotation cylinder 32 is connected to the mixing cylinder 23. The upper end of the barrel 1 is equipped with a guide rack 34. The middle part of the guide rack 34 has a circular hole that mates with the flotation cylinder 32. The guide rack 34 has an inclined circular structure. The defoaming unit 35 is installed in the middle of the guide rack 34. The collection pipe 36 is installed in the middle of the barrel 1 and is connected to the bottom of the defoaming unit 35.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the mixed ore liquid inside the mixing cylinder 23 is injected into the flotation cylinder 32 through the connecting pipe. The mineralized bubble group formed by the full collision and adhesion of micro bubbles moves upward along the flotation cylinder 32, so that the mineralized bubble group can overflow from the top of the flotation cylinder 32. The overflowed mineralized bubble group enters the defoaming unit 35 through the liquid guide 34. The defoaming unit 35 defoams the mineralized bubble group to form a high-concentration phosphate rock slurry. The phosphate rock slurry is discharged and collected through the collection pipe 36. At the same time, the tailings in the ore liquid enter the liquid collection rack 31 and are then discharged through the drain pipe 33 as tailings after flotation.

[0043] A control valve is also installed on the connecting pipe between the mixing cylinder 23 and the flotation cylinder 32. When the liquid inside the flotation cylinder 32 reaches the preset threshold, the liquid inlet can be adjusted by the control valve to prevent excessive liquid from overflowing from the top of the flotation cylinder 32.

[0044] See Figure 8 As shown, in this preferred embodiment, the flotation cylinder 32 has a cylindrical hollow structure, with a bubble generator 321 installed at the lower end of the flotation cylinder 32 and an ultrasonic cleaner 322 installed at the upper end of the flotation cylinder 32.

[0045] In the above technical solution, the bubble generator 321 can generate microbubbles, which can then remineralize the slurry that has not floated inside the flotation cylinder 32, thereby improving the recovery rate of phosphate rock. At the same time, ultrasonic atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the inner side of the ultrasonic cleaner 322, which can generate extremely fine water mist, thereby efficiently cleaning the gangue carried in the foam, thus improving the grade of concentrate.

[0046] See Figure 7As shown, as a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the defoaming unit 35 includes a collection rack 351 and a defoaming roller 352. The collection rack 351 is installed at the lower end of the liquid guide rack 34, and the defoaming roller 352 is provided in the middle of the collection rack 351. The middle part of the defoaming roller 352 is fixedly installed on the drive assembly 4, and defoaming holes are evenly opened on the inner wall of the defoaming roller 352.

[0047] In the above technical solution, when the mineralized bubble group flows downward along the liquid guide frame 34, the mineralized bubble group can accurately fall into the defoaming roller 352. The drive component 4 can drive the defoaming roller 352 to rotate at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the mineralized bubble group is thrown away through the defoaming hole, thereby causing the bubbles to break.

[0048] It should be noted that the liquid guide frame 34 extends above the defoaming roller 352, so that the mineralized bubble group can fall accurately into the defoaming roller 352, preventing the mineralized bubble group from directly entering the collection frame 351, thereby facilitating the accurate collection of concentrate slurry.

[0049] See Figure 7 As shown, as a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the defoaming roller 352 is also evenly arranged with defoaming scrapers 353. The defoaming scrapers 353 are fixedly installed on the liquid guide frame 34, and conical needles are evenly installed on the inner side of the defoaming scraper 353.

[0050] In the above technical solution, when the defoaming roller 352 rotates at high speed, the defoaming scraper 353 can further contact the bubbles inside the defoaming roller 352. The conical needles evenly installed on the defoaming roller 352 can effectively puncture the bubbles, thereby improving the defoaming efficiency.

[0051] See Figure 7 As shown, as a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the drive assembly 4 includes a sealing plate 41, a drive motor 42, and a rotating shaft 43. The sealing plate 41 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the barrel 1. The drive motor 42 is installed on the upper end of the sealing plate 41 through a motor mount. The rotating shaft 43 is installed on the lower end of the sealing plate 41 through a bearing. The upper end of the rotating shaft 43 is connected to the drive motor 42. The lower end of the rotating shaft 43 extends into the defoaming unit 35 and the mixing cylinder 23 in sequence.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the drive motor 42 can drive the crushing frame 231 and the defoaming drum 352 to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft 43, which is conducive to the full contact between the foaming agent and the mineral liquid, and also facilitates the defoaming of the mineralized bubble group.

[0053] Based on the above structure, the low-grade phosphate rock flotation separation instrument provided by this invention operates according to the following steps: S1: System Start-up and Feeding Start the drive motor 42 to drive the rotating shaft 43 and the crushing frame 231 and defoaming drum 352 connected to it to pre-run. The low-grade phosphate rock slurry, which has been deslimed and pre-enriched by the cyclone pretreatment unit and has been supplemented with dispersants and inhibitors, is pumped into the bottom of the instrument through the inlet end of the inlet pipe 21. At the same time, air and foaming agent are introduced into the ring frame 221.

[0054] S2: Microbubble formation and efficient mineralization The slurry reaches its maximum velocity in the conical acceleration section at the upper end of the inlet pipe 21. As it flows through the conical groove at the lower end of the mixing rack 223, a Venturi negative pressure effect is generated, which draws in air and foaming agent from the conduit 222 and initially shears and disperses them, forming a gas-liquid mixed flow. This mixed flow is further swirled and mixed when it passes through the inclined through hole at the upper end of the mixing rack 223, and then enters the mixing cylinder 23. Inside the mixing cylinder 23, on the one hand, the hydrophobic microporous cylinder wall continuously releases uniformly sized microbubbles under the action of external micro-pressure air; on the other hand, the high-speed rotating crushing rack 231 and its crushing blades violently shear and turbulently mix the slurry, bubbles and pre-added collector, achieving forced, high-probability collision and adhesion between fine phosphate mineral particles and bubbles, thus completing efficient mineralization.

[0055] S3: Flotation separation and foam washing The mineralized three-phase mixture is evenly distributed to the middle of multiple flotation cylinders 32 through the connection port 24 and the connecting pipe. Inside the flotation cylinder 32, the mineralized bubbles with attached phosphate minerals move upward under the action of buoyancy. During this process, the ultrasonic cleaner 322 located at the upper end of the flotation cylinder 32 generates extremely fine water mist to spray and clean the rising foam layer, strip off the gangue, and improve the grade of the concentrate. Minerals that fail to float in time are captured again by supplementary microbubbles generated by the bubble generator 321 at the lower end of the flotation cylinder 32 during the descent process to improve the total recovery rate. The separated tailings slurry is collected downward to the collection rack 31 and finally discharged through the drain pipe 33.

[0056] S4: Foam Collection and Mechanical Defoaming Phosphate-rich concentrate foam overflowing from the top of each flotation tube 32 flows along the inclined guide frame 34 and is guided into the defoaming drum 352 of the defoaming unit 35. The high-speed rotating defoaming drum 352 throws the foam against its inner wall under centrifugal force, and intensifies the shearing and stretching of the foam film through the defoaming holes on the wall. At the same time, the defoaming scraper 353 and its conical needle, which are fixedly installed on the guide frame 34 and extend into the defoaming drum, generate relative motion with the inner surface of the rotating drum, mechanically puncturing and scraping the bubbles, causing the bubbles to completely break and releasing the captured phosphate mineral particles.

[0057] S5: Concentrate Collection and Continuous Operation The high-concentration phosphate concentrate slurry released by the bursting bubbles falls into the collection rack 351 below under the action of gravity and flushing, and is finally discharged through the collection pipe 36, completing the flotation collection of the concentrate product. The entire system realizes the synchronous driving of mineralization mixing and defoaming collection through the drive component 4, and achieves stable control of liquid level, foam layer thickness and product indicators by adjusting the control valves on the feed, aeration, reagent addition and the connecting pipe of the flotation cylinder 32, thereby forming a continuous and efficient flotation and separation operation of low-grade phosphate ore.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation instrument characterized in that, The application relates to a mineralization and flotation device, which comprises a barrel body (1), a microbubble mineralization assembly (2), a flotation assembly (3) and a driving assembly (4), the barrel body (1) is in a cylindrical hollow structure, the microbubble mineralization assembly (2) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the barrel body (1) inside, the microbubble mineralization assembly (2) comprises a liquid inlet end and a dispersion end, the liquid inlet end is located at the lower end of the barrel body (1), the flotation assembly (3) is fixedly arranged at the middle of the barrel body (1) inside, the dispersion end of the microbubble mineralization assembly (2) is connected with the middle of the flotation assembly (3), the pretreated slurry is injected into the microbubble mineralization assembly (2) through the liquid inlet end, and the mineralized mixed slurry is injected into the flotation assembly (3) through the dispersion end, the driving assembly (4) is arranged at the upper end of the barrel body (1) and is used for being connected with the middle of the microbubble mineralization assembly (2) and the flotation assembly (3). The microbubble mineralization assembly (2) comprises a liquid inlet pipe (21), a liquid mixing unit (22), a mixing cylinder (23) and a connecting port (24), the liquid inlet pipe (21) is in a cylindrical hollow structure, the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe (21) is in a conical structure, the liquid mixing unit (22) is arranged at the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe (21), the liquid mixing unit (22) is fixedly arranged between the liquid inlet pipe (21) and the barrel body (1), the mixing cylinder (23) is arranged at the upper end of the liquid mixing unit (22), the connecting ports (24) are uniformly arranged at the upper end of the mixing cylinder (23), and the connecting ports (24) are connected with the middle of the flotation assembly (3) through connecting pipes.

2. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The liquid mixing unit (22) comprises a ring-shaped frame (221), a guide pipe (222) and a liquid mixing frame (223), the ring-shaped frame (221) is arranged at the middle of the liquid inlet pipe (21) outside, the ring-shaped frame (221) is in a ring-shaped hollow structure, the guide pipes (222) are uniformly arranged on the ring-shaped frame (221), the liquid mixing frame (223) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe (21), the liquid mixing frame (223) is in a ring-shaped structure, the lower end of the liquid mixing frame (223) extends into the liquid inlet pipe (21), a conical groove one is formed in the lower end of the liquid mixing frame (223), a conical groove two is formed in the upper end of the liquid mixing frame (223), a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged on the conical groove two, the through holes are arranged in an inclined mode, the through holes are connected with the guide pipes (222), and the lower end of the mixing cylinder (23) is in a conical structure with the same taper as the conical groove two.

3. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation instrument as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The mixing cylinder (23) is further uniformly provided with a crushing frame (231), the crushing frame (231) is connected with the driving assembly (4), and the crushing blades are uniformly arranged on the crushing frame (231).

4. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation instrument as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The inner wall of the mixing cylinder (23) is made of hydrophobic microporous ceramic or microporous polymer film.

5. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: ​ 6. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The floatation assembly (3) comprises a liquid collecting frame (31), a floatation cylinder (32), a liquid discharging pipe (33), a liquid guiding frame (34), a defoaming unit (35) and a collecting pipe (36), the liquid collecting frame (31) is internally arranged in the barrel body (1), the liquid collecting frame (31) is in a circular ring hollow structure, the liquid discharging pipe (33) is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body (1), the liquid discharging pipe (33) is communicated with the inside of the liquid collecting frame (31), the upper end of the liquid collecting frame (31) is uniformly provided with mounting holes, the floatation cylinder (32) is fixedly arranged on the mounting holes, the floatation cylinder (32) is in a cylindrical hollow structure, the middle part of the floatation cylinder (32) is communicated with the mixing cylinder (23), the liquid guiding frame (34) is arranged at the upper end of the barrel body (1), the middle part of the liquid guiding frame (34) is provided with a circular hole matched with the floatation cylinder (32), the liquid guiding frame (34) is in an inclined circular ring structure, the defoaming unit (35) is arranged in the middle part of the liquid guiding frame (34), the collecting pipe (36) is arranged in the middle part of the barrel body (1), and the collecting pipe (36) is connected with the bottom of the defoaming unit (35).

7. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The floatation cylinder (32) is in a cylindrical hollow structure, the floatation cylinder (32) is arranged with a bubble generator (321) at the lower end, and the floatation cylinder (32) is arranged with an ultrasonic cleaner (322) at the upper end.

8. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: The defoaming unit (35) comprises a collecting frame (351) and a defoaming roller (352), the collecting frame (351) is arranged at the lower end of the liquid guiding frame (34), the defoaming roller (352) is arranged in the middle part of the collecting frame (351), the defoaming roller (352) is fixedly arranged on the driving assembly (4) in the middle part, and the inner wall of the defoaming roller (352) is uniformly provided with defoaming holes.

9. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein: The defoaming scraper (353) is fixedly arranged on the liquid guiding frame (34), and the inner side surface of the defoaming scraper (353) is uniformly arranged with tapered needles.

10. A low grade phosphate ore floatation separation apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein: The driving assembly (4) comprises a sealing plate (41), a driving motor (42) and a rotating shaft (43), the sealing plate (41) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the barrel body (1), the driving motor (42) is arranged on the sealing plate (41) through a motor base at the upper end, the rotating shaft (43) is arranged on the sealing plate (41) through a bearing at the lower end, the upper end of the rotating shaft (43) is connected with the driving motor (42), and the lower end of the rotating shaft (43) is sequentially arranged into the defoaming unit (35) and the mixing cylinder (23).

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