Bisazo blue reactive dye for high-temperature dip dyeing as well as preparation method and application of bisazo blue reactive dye

Abstract

The invention discloses a bisazo blue reactive dye for high-temperature dip dyeing as well as a preparation method and application of the bisazo blue reactive dye. The reactive dye is shown in a structural general formula (I). A color body of the reactive dye is of a bisazo structure, the color body contains two naphthalene ring structures and a benzene ring structure, and an active group in a dye molecular structure is quaternary ammonium salt containing a nicotinic acid structure. According to the present invention, the binding force between the dye and the fiber can be improved through the coplanarity of the chromophore molecules, the dissociation between the dye and the fiber at the high temperature can be reduced, and the dye uptake of the dye at the high temperature can be improved, such that the fixation rate between the dye and the fiber can be improved; meanwhile, quaternary ammonium salt containing a nicotinic acid structure can react with fibers under the high-temperature neutral condition, an alkaline agent does not need to be added in the whole dyeing process, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the alkaline agent in the printing and dyeing wastewater is solved, and wide application prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reactive dye technology, and in particular to a diazo blue reactive dye for high-temperature dyeing, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester-cotton blended fabrics combine the advantages of both polyester and cotton, featuring durability, breathability, and wrinkle resistance, making them widely used in clothing and home furnishings. Polyester-cotton blended fabrics are typically colored using a "two-bath, two-step" method. This involves first dyeing the polyester with disperse dyes at high temperature (130℃), then washing with reduction dyes followed by reactive dyeing of the cotton, and finally soaping, washing, and drying. The advantage of this "two-bath, two-step" method is that the disperse and reactive dyeing processes are performed separately, allowing the reactive dyes to be applied to the cotton fabric using traditional dyeing techniques. However, this method also has significant drawbacks. The process is time-consuming, requiring multiple soaping and washing steps, and generates substantial amounts of dyeing wastewater. Especially in recent years, with increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements in the dyeing industry, the wastewater pollution problem associated with the traditional "two-bath, two-step" dyeing method for polyester-cotton fabrics has become increasingly prominent.

[0003] The "one-bath, one-step" dyeing process for polyester-cotton fabrics has been highly recommended by the dyeing and printing industry in recent years. Its biggest advantage is that disperse and reactive dyes simultaneously dye polyester and cotton separately in a single high-temperature dye bath, significantly reducing dyeing time. Furthermore, only one soaping and rinsing process is required after dyeing, resulting in a significant reduction in dyeing wastewater. Compared to the traditional "two-bath, two-step" method, the "one-bath, one-step" method saves over 30% in energy consumption and time. While the "one-bath, one-step" dyeing process for polyester-cotton fabrics offers significant energy savings and emission reductions, it places higher demands on the high-temperature dyeing performance of reactive dyes. Traditional high-temperature reactive dyes typically only dye at around 90℃. Excessively high temperatures accelerate the hydrolysis of the reactive groups in these dyes, leading to a significant decrease in dye fixation and a noticeably lower apparent color depth in the dyed cotton fabric, thus affecting product quality.

[0004] To address the issue of poor dyeing performance caused by the extensive hydrolysis of reactive groups in traditional reactive dyes at high temperatures (130°C), many foreign companies have introduced nicotinic acid groups to prepare dyes containing nicotinic acid structures, based on traditional monochlorotriazine reactive dyes. These dyes enable the dyeing of cotton fibers at high temperatures (130°C) under neutral conditions and can be used in the "one-bath, one-step" dyeing process for polyester-cotton fabrics. However, current dyes containing nicotinic acid structures are constructed based on traditional monochlorotriazine dyes, especially diazo reactive blue dyes such as CI Reactive Blue 217. This dye is prepared by first condensing cyanuric chloride with 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid, then diazotizing it, coupling it with 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid (H acid) in acidic and alkaline media, then condensing it again with 2-chloro-5-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, and finally condensing it with 3-carboxypyridine (nicotinic acid). The diazo component of this dye's chromophore is an aniline sulfonic acid compound, and both azo bonds of the chromophore contain sterically hindered sulfonic acid groups, reducing the coplanarity of the molecules and the association between molecules. At high temperatures, the dye uptake on fibers decreases, and the final dye fixation rate at high temperatures is only between 60-70%, comparable to the fixation rate of traditional reactive dyes at medium and low temperatures. Therefore, how to innovatively design the dye molecular structure to achieve high fixation rate and dyeing performance at high temperatures is a pressing technical challenge that reactive dyes in the "one-bath, one-step" dyeing process for polyester-cotton fabrics urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a diazo blue reactive dye with high fixation rate and excellent dyeing performance for high-temperature immersion dyeing, so as to solve the technical problem mentioned in the background art that the fixation rate of current diazo blue reactive dyes is not high at high temperatures. The technical solution of this invention provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology, which is too simplistic. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the diazo blue reactive dye and its application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A diazo blue reactive dye for high-temperature dyeing, wherein the reactive dye is a compound with the general structural formula (I):

[0008]

[0009] In general formula (Ⅰ), R1 is –H or –SO3M; R2 is –H or –OH; R3 is –H, –OCH3 or –SO3M;

[0010] M is –H or an alkali metal; R1, R2, -N=N-* are each independently bonded to any position on the naphthalene ring.

[0011] in, Fragments and Each fragment is independently bonded to any position on the naphthalene ring, preferably, each fragment is independently bonded to the α-position of the naphthalene ring; or bonded to the β-position of the naphthalene ring.

[0012] Preferably, in the general structural formula (Ⅰ), R1 is –SO3M; R2 is –H or –OH; and R3 is –H or –SO3M.

[0013] M is –H or an alkali metal.

[0014] Preferably, in the general structural formula (Ⅰ), R1 is –SO3M; R2 is –H or –OH; and R3 is –H.

[0015] M is Na, K, or Li.

[0016] More preferably, in the general structural formula (Ⅰ), R1 is –SO3M; R2 is –H or –OH; and R3 is –H;

[0017] M is Na.

[0018] The present invention provides a commercially available dye prepared using the above-mentioned reactive dye, comprising: 75-85% reactive dye, 5-15% dispersant, 0.1-0.5% dust suppressant, and 5-15% sodium sulfate.

[0019] Preferably, the dispersant is a methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate; the dust suppressant is a water-soluble polymer compound.

[0020] The aforementioned commercial dyes can be used for coloring cellulose fibers; the cellulose fibers are cellulose fibers containing hydroxyl groups and / or nitrogen.

[0021] Preferably, the cellulose fiber is cotton fiber, viscose fiber, or a blend of cotton and viscose fiber.

[0022] This invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned reactive dye, which is carried out according to the following process:

[0023]

[0024] Preparation of S1 Vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye d

[0025] Aromatic amine compound a containing vinyl sulfone sulfate, crushed ice, and a small amount of water were added to a beaker and ground on ice for 45 minutes. After grinding, concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to the beaker, and stirring was continued for 10 minutes. Sodium nitrite solution was added dropwise to the reaction system, and the reaction was continued for 1-1.5 hours after the addition was complete. The reaction endpoint was detected by Ehrlich's reagent (1 g N,N-dimethylbenzaldehyde dissolved in 5 mL concentrated hydrochloric acid and 95 mL ethanol). Excess nitrite was removed by aminosulfonic acid to obtain a suspension of diazonium salt b of aromatic amine containing vinyl sulfone sulfate.

[0026] Add naphthylamine compound c to the suspension of the above diazonium salt b, adjust the pH of the reaction to between 6.0 and 6.5 with sodium bicarbonate, keep the temperature below 20°C, and react for 2-4 hours. Detect the reaction by the permeation ring method, and take the disappearance of diazonium salt b as the endpoint. After the reaction is completed, a solution containing vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye d is obtained.

[0027] The molar ratio of compound a to sodium nitrite is 1:1 to 1:1.02; the molar ratio of compound a to hydrochloric acid is 1:0.5 to 1:1.8; and the molar ratio of compound a to compound c is 1:0.95 to 1:1.0.

[0028] Preparation of S2 containing monochlorotriazine coupling component h

[0029] Add cyanuric chloride, crushed ice, and a small amount of water to a beaker and grind on ice for 40-50 minutes. Dissolve 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid (H acid) in a certain amount of water to prepare a solution. Then add this solution dropwise to the cyanuric chloride slurry, controlling the temperature of the system at 0-5℃ and adjusting the pH of the reaction with baking soda between 3-3.5. After the addition is complete, continue the reaction for 1-1.5 hours. The reaction endpoint is detected by Ehrlich's reagent (1g N,N-dimethylbenzaldehyde dissolved in 5 mL concentrated hydrochloric acid and 95 mL ethanol) to obtain a solution of the monocondensation product f of cyanuric chloride and H acid.

[0030] Add m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (or p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) to the solution of the above-mentioned condensed product f, heat to 30-40℃, and control the pH of the reaction system between 5 and 6. Continue the reaction under these conditions for 1.5-2 hours, and detect the reaction endpoint by high-performance liquid chromatography. After the reaction is complete, a solution containing the monochlorotriazine coupling component h is obtained.

[0031] The molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to H acid is 1:1 to 1.02:1. The molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (or p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) is 1:0.98 to 1:1.

[0032] Preparation of S3 diazo blue dye i

[0033] Sodium nitrite solution was added to the suspension of vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye d obtained in step S1, maintaining the pH of the system between 7.0 and 7.5. This mixture was then slowly added to an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, keeping the reaction temperature below 10°C during the addition process. The reaction solution produced a slightly blue color on starch-potassium iodide test paper and a blue color on Congo red test paper. After the addition was complete, the reaction continued for 3-4 hours. After the reaction was completed, excess nitrite was removed by aminosulfonic acid, yielding a suspension of diazonium salt e containing vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye d.

[0034] The suspension of the above-mentioned diazonium salt e was added to the solution containing monochlorotriazine coupling component h obtained in step S2. The pH value of the reaction was adjusted to between 6.0 and 6.5 with sodium bicarbonate, the temperature was kept below 15°C, and the reaction was carried out for 2-4 hours. The reaction was detected by the permeation method, and the disappearance of diazonium salt e was taken as the endpoint. After the reaction was completed, a solution of diazo blue dye i was obtained.

[0035] The molar ratio of compound d to sodium nitrite is 1:1 to 1:1.02; the molar ratio of compound d to hydrochloric acid is 1:2.0 to 1:2.8. The molar ratio of diazonium salt e to coupling component h is 1:0.98 to 1:1.

[0036] Preparation of S4 nicotinic acid-containing diazo blue reactive dye

[0037] Add 3-carboxypyridine (nicotinic acid) to the solution of diazo blue dye i obtained in step S3, heat to 90-95℃, adjust the pH of the system to between 5 and 5.5, and maintain the reaction under these conditions for 3-5 hours. Detect the reaction endpoint by liquid chromatography, with the disappearance of diazo blue dye i as the endpoint. After the reaction is complete, dry at 75℃ and grind to obtain the reactive dye with the final structural formula (Ⅰ).

[0038] The molar ratio of the diazo blue dye I to nicotinic acid is 1:2.0 to 1:2.3.

[0039] Invention Principle: The reactive dye of this invention has a diazo structure as its chromophore, containing two naphthalene rings and one benzene ring. Furthermore, the reactive group in the dye molecule is a quaternary ammonium salt containing a nicotinic acid structure. This dye enhances the binding force between the dye and fiber through the coplanarity of the chromophore molecules, reduces the dissociation between the dye and fiber at high temperatures, and increases the dye uptake rate at high temperatures. Simultaneously, the quaternary ammonium salt containing the nicotinic acid structure reacts with the fiber under high-temperature neutral conditions, eliminating the need for alkali agents during the entire dyeing process and solving the environmental pollution problem caused by alkali agents in dyeing wastewater.

[0040] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: Traditional diazo blue reactive dyes with H-acid as the coupling component typically have a reactive group in their molecular structure that is a monochlorotriazine or / and vinyl sulfone sulfate reactive group. These groups undergo severe hydrolysis at high temperatures (130°C), resulting in low dye fixation on fibers. Even with the introduction of nicotinic acid groups (such as CI Reactive Blue 217), the coplanarity of the dye is poor, the interaction between the dye and the fiber is weak, and the dye uptake rate is low, leading to a further reduction in the final dye fixation rate (only 60-70%). The innovative reactive dye structure provided by this invention can achieve high fixation rates on cotton fibers at high temperatures. Its significant technical effects are:

[0041] (1) Although this reactive blue dye is a diazo dye with H acid as the coupling component, H acid only has the ortho-hydroxyl position as the coupling site, and the diazo component also contains a naphthalene ring component. The naphthalene ring has better coplanarity than the benzene ring, and the molecular planarity of the entire diazo chromophore is stronger, ensuring stronger interaction between dye molecules and between dye molecules and fibers. During the dyeing process, at low temperatures, the association between dye molecules is strong, which is conducive to the aggregation of dye molecules. The association and aggregation of dye molecules reduces the hydration of dye molecules and reduces the hydrolysis behavior of the reactive groups (active groups) of the dye. This provides more reactive groups for the reaction between dye molecules and fiber molecules, which provides a beneficial guarantee for obtaining a high fixation rate of the dye. When the temperature rises, the energy increases, the interaction between dye molecules is destroyed, and the dye molecules deassociate. Because the dye has good coplanarity, the interaction between it and the fiber is enhanced, thereby increasing the dye uptake rate on the fiber; only dyes with high uptake rate can obtain a high fixation rate. Therefore, this provides a prerequisite for obtaining a high fixation rate of the dye.

[0042] (2) Under the premise that the dye has high coplanarity, the dye provided by the present invention also introduces nicotinic acid group. The carbon atom connected to the nicotinic acid group can react with the hydroxyl group on cellulose under high temperature and neutral conditions. The nicotinic acid group leaves the dye molecule by breaking the bond, thereby realizing the dye fixation under high temperature and neutral conditions. This fundamentally eliminates the use of alkali agent and reduces the pollution of the environment by alkali agent in printing and dyeing wastewater. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045]

[0046] I-1

[0047] Commercial reactive dyes were prepared by mixing reactive dye I-1 with a dispersing agent (methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate with a degree of condensation of 4 and a degree of sulfonation of 2), an aqueous polymeric dust suppressant, and sodium sulfate in proportions of 85%, 5%, 0.1%, and 9.9% by mass, respectively.

[0048] The preparation method of the reactive dye I-1 includes the following steps:

[0049] Preparation of S1 Vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye

[0050] 0.1 mol of 4-(β-sulfate ethyl sulfone)aniline (para ester), 150 g of ice, and 20 mL of water were added to a 1000 mL beaker and ground on ice for 45 minutes. 12.2 g of industrial hydrochloric acid (30%) was added, and the reaction was stirred for another 10 minutes. 0.1 mol of sodium nitrite solid was dissolved in 25 mL of water and slowly added dropwise to the system, maintaining the reaction solution so that Congo red and KI test paper turned slightly blue during the addition. After the addition was complete, the reaction system temperature was maintained at 0-5 °C, and the reaction was continued for 1 hour. The reaction endpoint was detected using Ehrlich's reagent (1 g of N,N-dimethylbenzaldehyde dissolved in 5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 95 mL of ethanol). After the reaction was complete, excess nitrite was removed with aminosulfonic acid to obtain a diazonium salt solution of the para ester.

[0051] A solution of 0.1 mol of 1-naphthylamine-7-sulfonic acid was added to the above para-ester diazonium salt solution. The pH of the reaction was adjusted to between 6.0 and 6.5 with sodium bicarbonate, and the temperature was maintained at 5-10 °C for 2-3 hours. The reaction was monitored by the percolation method, with the disappearance of the para-ester diazonium salt as the endpoint. After the reaction was completed, a solution containing vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye was obtained.

[0052] Preparation of S2 containing monochlorotriazine coupling components

[0053] Add 0.101 mol of cyanuric chloride, 200 g of crushed ice, and 20 mL of water to a 1000 mL beaker and grind on ice for 40-50 minutes. Add 0.1 mol of 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid (H acid) and 200 mL of water to a 500 mL beaker, and adjust the pH to 5.8-6.5 with baking soda to dissolve the H acid. Add the dissolved H solution to the cyanuric chloride slurry, and control the temperature of the reaction system between 0-5℃ and the pH between 3-3.5. React under these conditions for 1.5-2 hours. The reaction endpoint is detected by Ehrlich reagent. After the reaction is complete, a monocondensation product solution of cyanuric chloride and H acid is obtained.

[0054] 0.1 mol of m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid was added to the above solution of the condensation product of cyanuric chloride and H acid. The temperature of the reaction system was controlled between 30-40℃ and the pH between 5-6. The reaction was carried out under these conditions for 1.5 hours, and the reaction endpoint was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. After the reaction was completed, a coupling component solution containing monochlorotriazine was obtained.

[0055] Preparation of S3 diazo blue dye

[0056] Add 24 g of concentrated hydrochloric acid (approximately 37% by mass) and 100 mL of water to a 1000 mL beaker and cool to below 10°C. Dissolve 0.1 mol of sodium nitrite solid in 25 mL of water and add it to the solution containing vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye obtained in step S1, maintaining the pH of the system between 7.0 and 7.5. Slowly add this mixed solution to the above hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, keeping the reaction system temperature below 10°C during the addition process, and ensuring that the reaction solution turns starch-potassium iodide test paper slightly blue and Congo red test paper blue. After the addition is complete, continue the reaction for 3-4 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove excess nitrite with aminosulfonic acid to obtain a suspension of diazonium salt containing vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye.

[0057] The suspension of the above diazonium salt was added to the coupling component solution containing monochlorotriazine obtained in step S2. The pH value of the reaction was adjusted to between 6.0 and 6.5 with sodium bicarbonate, the temperature was kept below 15°C, and the reaction was carried out for 2-4 hours. The reaction was detected by the permeation method, and the disappearance of the diazonium salt was taken as the endpoint. After the reaction was completed, a solution of diazo blue dye was obtained.

[0058] Preparation of S4 nicotinic acid-containing diazo blue reactive dye

[0059] Add 0.21 mol of 3-carboxypyridine (nicotinic acid) to the solution of the diazo blue dye obtained in step S3, heat to 90-95℃, adjust the pH of the system to between 5 and 5.5, and maintain the reaction under these conditions for 4-5 hours. Detect the reaction endpoint using liquid chromatography, with the disappearance of the diazo blue dye as the endpoint. After the reaction is complete, dry at 75℃ and grind to obtain the solid powder of the reactive dye shown in structural formula I-1.

[0060] Example 2

[0061]

[0062] I-2

[0063] A commercial red dye was prepared by mixing reactive dye I-2 with a dispersing agent (methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate with a degree of condensation of 4 and a degree of sulfonation of 2), an aqueous polymeric dust suppressant, and sodium sulfate in proportions of 85%, 5%, 0.1%, and 9.9% by mass, respectively.

[0064] In this embodiment, the preparation method of reactive dye I-2 is the same as that in Example 1, except that 1-naphthylamine-7-sulfonic acid is used instead of 1-naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid in step S1 of Example 1 to prepare the corresponding vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye before preparing the final reactive dye.

[0065] Example 3

[0066]

[0067] I-3

[0068] Commercially available reactive dyes were prepared by mixing reactive dye I-3 with a dispersant (methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate with a degree of condensation of 4 and a degree of sulfonation of 2), an aqueous polymeric dust suppressant, and sodium sulfate in proportions of 85%, 5%, 0.1%, and 9.9% by mass, respectively.

[0069] In this embodiment, the preparation method of reactive dye I-3 is the same as that in Example 1, except that 4-β-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate aniline-2-sulfonic acid (sulfonated para ester) and 1-naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid are used to replace the para ester and 1-naphthylamine-7-sulfonic acid in step S1 of Example 1 to prepare the corresponding vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye before preparing the final reactive dye.

[0070] Example 4

[0071]

[0072] I-4

[0073] Commercially available reactive dyes were prepared by mixing reactive dye I-4 with a dispersant (methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate with a degree of condensation of 4 and a degree of sulfonation of 2), an aqueous polymeric dust suppressant, and sodium sulfate in proportions of 85%, 5%, 0.1%, and 9.9% by mass, respectively.

[0074] In this embodiment, the preparation method of reactive dye I-4 is the same as that in Example 1, except that 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid is used instead of 1-naphthylamine-7-sulfonic acid in step S1 of Example 1 to prepare the corresponding vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye before preparing the final reactive dye.

[0075] Example 5

[0076]

[0077] I-5

[0078] Commercial reactive dyes were prepared by mixing reactive dye I-5 with a dispersant (methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate with a degree of condensation of 4 and a degree of sulfonation of 2), an aqueous polymeric dust suppressant, and sodium sulfate in proportions of 85%, 5%, 0.1%, and 9.9% by mass, respectively.

[0079] In this embodiment, the preparation method of reactive dye I-5 is the same as that in Example 1, except that 6-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid is used instead of 1-naphthylamine-7-sulfonic acid in step S1 of Example 1 to prepare the corresponding vinyl sulfone sulfate monoazo dye before preparing the final reactive dye.

[0080] Test example:

[0081] The reactive dyes provided by this invention, along with commercially available reactive dyes CI Reactive Blue 141 and CI Reactive Blue 217, were used to dye cotton fabrics using a high-temperature immersion dyeing process. The dyeing depth was 1%, the liquor ratio was 1:10, and the amount of sodium sulfate was 30 g / L. The various properties of the dyed cotton fabrics were compared and tested. The product performance test results are shown in Table 1.

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Dyeing process flow:

[0085]

[0086] Dyeing process flow

[0087] Test method:

[0088] The fixation rate of the dye was determined according to GB / T 2391-2024 "Determination of Fixation Rate of Reactive Dyes"; the color fastness to rubbing of the fabric was determined according to GB / T 3920-2008 "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness - Color Fastness to Rubbing".

[0089] Table 1

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the reactive dye provided by this invention has a high fixation rate (greater than 77%), which is more than 23% higher than that of the traditional high-temperature dye CI Reactive Blue 141 without nicotinic acid structure, and more than 15% higher than that of CI Reactive Blue 217 with nicotinic acid structure. The utilization rate of the dye is significantly improved, and it has significant innovation and market demand.

Claims

1. A bis-azo blue reactive dye for high temperature exhaust dyeing, characterized in that The active dye is a compound shown in structural general formula (I): In the general formula (I), R1 is -H or -SO3M; R2 is -H or -OH; R3 is -H, -OCH3 or -SO3M; M is -H or alkali metal; wherein R1, R2, -N=N-* are each independently bonded to any position on the naphthalene ring.

2. Reactive dye according to claim 1, characterized in that In the structural general formula (I), R1 is -SO3M; R2 is -H or -OH; R3 is -H or -SO3M; The M is -H or alkali metal.

3. The reactive dye according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the structural general formula (I), R1 is -SO3M; R2 is -H or -OH; R3 is -H; M is Na, K or Li.

4. Reactive dye according to claim 3, characterized in that In the structural general formula (I), R1 is -SO3M; R2 is -H or -OH; R3 is -H; M is Na.

5. A commercial dye prepared from the reactive dye according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The mass percentage of the raw materials contained in the commercial dye and various raw materials is: active dye 75-85%, diffusion agent 5-15%, dust-proof agent 0.1-0.5%, anhydrous sodium sulfate 5-15%.

6. The commercial dye according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diffusion agent is a methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate; the dust-proof agent is a water-soluble high molecular compound.

7. Application of the commercial dye of claim 6 in coloring of cellulose fibers, wherein the cellulose fibers are hydroxyl and / or nitrogen-containing cellulose fibers.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cellulose fibers are cotton fibers, viscose fibers or cotton and viscose fiber mixed fabrics.

9. A process for the preparation of a reactive dye according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the compound shown in the structural general formula (I) is carried out according to the following flow chart:

10. The process for the preparation of reactive dyes according to claim 9, characterized in that, The molar ratio of compound a to sodium nitrite is 1:1-1:1.02; the molar ratio of compound a to hydrochloric acid is 1:0.5-1:1.8; the molar ratio of compound a to compound c is 1:0.95-1:1.0; the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to H acid is 1:1-1.02:1; the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid or p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid is 1:0.98-1:1; the molar ratio of compound d to sodium nitrite is 1:1-1:1.02; the molar ratio of compound d to hydrochloric acid is 1:2.0-1:2.8; the molar ratio of diazonium salt e to coupling component h is 1:0.98-1:1; the molar ratio of bis-azo blue dye i to nicotinic acid is 1:2.0-1:2.3.

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