Self-powered flexible sensor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-powered flexible sensor and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of electronic skin, man-machine interaction, flexible electronic devices and sensors. The invention relates to a cellulose acetate-based ionic gel self-energized flexible sensor which is prepared from cellulose acetate, ionic liquid, a polymer monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator and has good mechanical property and antibacterial property, the cellulose acetate enhances the mechanical property of the gel through non-covalent crosslinking, and the ionic liquid plays a conductive role. The flexible sensor has good conductivity, high sensitivity and stability, and can be stretched, twisted and bent. Meanwhile, the high transparency and excellent biocompatibility can be realized, so that the electronic skin can be used as the electronic skin for multifunctional perception and integrated application. The material is environment-friendly, the preparation method is simple, the operability is high, the application field is wide, and the prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of flexible sensors and human-computer interaction technology, and specifically to a self-powered flexible multimode sensor based on cellulose acetate-based ion gel. Background Technology

[0002] Considering the evaporation problem of hydrogels, ionic gels have become an ideal alternative for ionic skin and artificial intelligence applications. Composed of a network structure, they encapsulate a large amount of ionic liquid (IL), preventing leakage and effectively combining the high ionic conductivity of IL with the mechanical conformability of a polymer matrix. The properties of ionic liquids, such as non-volatility, non-flammability, chemical and thermodynamic stability, and excellent recyclability, enable ionic gel-based flexible sensors to possess excellent stretchability and flexibility, and robust performance under extreme temperatures. This significantly improves the sensor's sensitivity and response speed, enabling efficient detection of stimuli such as temperature, strain, pressure, and humidity without requiring a continuous power supply. Ionic gels not only serve as the sensitive element of sensors but also as a medium for energy storage and conversion, playing a crucial role in flexible, self-powered sensors.

[0003] Iongel-based self-powered flexible sensors typically consist of a polyacrylic acid network and an ionic liquid (such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride). To ensure their performance and lifespan as force sensors, their mechanical properties must be enhanced to prevent breakage. However, improving the mechanical robustness of the iongel electrolyte to meet the requirements of active actuators under load remains a challenge. To address this, introducing cellulose acetate (CA) into the iongel effectively enhances its mechanical properties. As a common cellulose derivative, cellulose acetate possesses both rigidity and flexibility. Its rigidity stems from the stable basic structural units of cellulose, while its flexibility increases due to the introduction of acetyl groups. This combination allows cellulose acetate segments to form a synergistic effect of strength and flexibility within the iongel, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties of the material. Furthermore, the interaction between the ionic liquid and cellulose acetate also facilitates the formation of non-covalent bonds. These non-covalent bonds dissipate energy through breakage and recombination during material deformation, further improving the mechanical properties of the iongel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned limitations of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a self-powered flexible force-sensing sensor based on cellulose acetate-based ionic gel. By introducing cellulose acetate, which possesses moderate rigidity and flexibility, the mechanical properties of the material are enhanced. Simultaneously, the non-covalent interactions between the ionic liquid and cellulose acetate further strengthen the structural stability of the material. Furthermore, the anchoring effect of cellulose acetate on anions in the ionic liquid effectively improves electrical conductivity, thereby achieving an optimized balance between mechanical and electrical properties.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A self-powered flexible sensor, characterized by the following preparation process: Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis: First, a certain amount of cellulose TCA is placed in a flask and dissolved with a certain amount of acetic acid. Second, a certain amount of sulfuric acid is added to the flask, followed by a certain amount of deionized water, and the mixture is allowed to react at a certain temperature for a certain time. Third, after the reaction is complete, a certain concentration of magnesium acetate aqueous solution is added. Fourth, the precipitate is washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed with water for a certain time, and freeze-dried. Step 2: Preparation of a cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor: First, cellulose acetate (CA) is dissolved in a mixed solution of dichloromethane and ethanol, followed by the addition of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After mixing thoroughly, the mixture is stirred at 85°C for a certain period of time to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, resulting in a CA-BM mixed solution. In the second step, polymer monomers (acrylic acid, AA), crosslinking agents (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA), and initiators (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) are added and stirred for a certain period of time. In the third step, the thoroughly mixed solution is degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light to obtain an ion gel sensor.

[0006] The method for fabricating a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that, in the second step of step one, the certain temperature refers to 75-90℃, and the certain time is 0-80 min.

[0007] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that, in step two, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solution of dichloromethane and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of dichloromethane in the mixed solution is 85-100%.

[0008] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that, in the second step of step two, the molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to the molar ratio of ionic liquid is 1:1.

[0009] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that, in the second step of step two, the molar ratio of crosslinking agent MBAA to monomer AA is (0.1-0.5)%:1.

[0010] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that: in step one, the first step is to use 0.5~1.5 g of cellulose TCA and 10~18 mL of acetic acid; in step two, the second step is to use 0.1~1 g of sulfuric acid and 1.0~2 mL of deionized water.

[0011] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that: in the third step of step one, the concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 10-30% by mass.

[0012] The method for preparing a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that: in step one, fourth step, the sensor is dialyzed with water for 1 to 3 days.

[0013] The method for fabricating a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that: in step two, the first step involves a certain temperature of 80~90℃ and a certain time of 4~6 h.

[0014] The method for fabricating a self-powered flexible sensor is characterized in that: in step two, the first step, the certain time refers to 10 to 40 minutes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] This invention proposes a simple, bio-based, self-powered, flexible force sensing sensor that utilizes [Bmim]. + Cl - Cellulose acetate was dissolved in an ionic liquid and immobilized through a polyacrylic acid network to construct a cellulose acetate-based ionic gel for self-powered flexible force sensing applications.

[0017] This invention innovatively introduces cellulose acetate with moderate rigidity and flexibility to enhance the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of ionogel sensors. Cellulose acetate not only enhances the mechanical properties of the material, but the non-covalent interactions between the ionic liquid and cellulose acetate further strengthen the structural stability of the material. Furthermore, the anchoring effect of cellulose acetate on anions in the ionic liquid significantly improves the electrical conductivity, thus achieving an optimized balance between mechanical and electrical properties.

[0018] The self-powered flexible force sensor based on cellulose acetate-based ionogel provided by this invention, in addition to possessing excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, also exhibits good light transmittance, antibacterial properties, and cell compatibility. This makes the sensor potentially suitable as electronic skin, enabling efficient sensing of motion states and strain. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the ion gel according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The infrared spectra are those of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Table 1 shows the fracture strength and elongation at break of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The tensile-stress curves are for Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 The images show the viscoelastic curves of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 The resistivity and conductivity are line graphs of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The resistance change rate under different strains is shown in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This refers to the light transmittance of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is to demonstrate the antibacterial properties and L929 fibroblast compatibility of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 Embodiment 4 of the present invention is used as a strain / touch sensor for monitoring motion state. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0031] The following examples use commercially available cellulose acetate (trade name TCA, bound acid 60.8%).

[0032] The test materials used in the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0033] The material characterization and analysis instruments and methods used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:

[0034] Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the gel and observe the changes in its chemical structure after the introduction of cellulose acetate. The instrument used was an IRTracer-100. The specific scanning conditions were: 4000–600 cm⁻¹.-1 Twelve scans were performed within the area, with a resolution of 4 cm. -1 .

[0035] Viscoelasticity test: A rotational rheometer was used on an aluminum alloy plate with a diameter of 25 mm. The instrument model was MCR302. The test conditions under different modes were as follows: (1) Amplitude scan, temperature was 25℃, strain range was 0.1%-100%, and oscillation frequency was 1 Hz; (2) Temperature scan, temperature range was -20-80℃, strain was 0.5%, and frequency range was 1 Hz.

[0036] Conductivity testing: The resistance of the gel was measured using an electrochemical workstation (BTS-3000) employing the AC impedance method. The gel (11 mm long, 11 mm wide, and 2 mm thick) was fixed with silicone pads and sandwiched between two stainless steel sections to form a sandwich structure for measurement. The ionic conductivity (σ) of the gel was calculated using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where L represents the thickness of the gel, R represents the resistance of the gel, and A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the gel.

[0039] Sensing Testing: The self-powered sensor based on ionogel was used in conjunction with a universal testing machine and an electrochemical workstation. The sensor's performance was tested by varying the motion parameters of the universal testing machine. The sensor was worn on different parts of the human body to record the physiological movements of each part.

[0040] Sensitivity factor: The sensitivity of a strain sensor is generally represented by the sensitivity factor (GF), which is calculated using the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, ∆R and R0 represent the change in resistance and the initial resistance value, respectively, and ε represents the strain applied to the sensor by the external environment.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0046] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 10 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0047] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0048] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.1% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0052] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 40 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0053] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0054] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). +Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.1% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0058] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 80 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0059] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0060] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.1% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0061] Example 4:

[0062] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor using ion gels specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0064] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 60 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0065] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0066] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.2% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0067] Example 5:

[0068] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0070] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 20 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0071] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0072] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.2% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0073] Example 6:

[0074] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0076] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 5 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and finally lyophilized.

[0077] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0078] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl -After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.2% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] The method for fabricating a self-powered sensor based on cellulose-based ion gel specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Preparation of cellulose acetate using sulfuric acid hydrolysis

[0082] 1.0 g of TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved in 15 mL of acetic acid. 0.4 g of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by 1.5 mL of deionized water. The mixture was allowed to react at 85 °C for 40 min. After the reaction was complete, a 20% magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added to neutralize the sulfuric acid. The precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed against water for 3 days, and lyophilized.

[0083] Step 2: Preparation of cellulose acetate-based ion gel sensor

[0084] 0.1 g of cellulose acetate (CA) was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol (dichloromethane:ethanol = 92%:8%), followed by the addition of 5 g of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]). + Cl - After thorough mixing, the mixture was stirred at 85°C for 6 hours to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, yielding a CA-BM mixed solution. An equimolar amount of polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA) was added, along with a crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and an initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.2% of the polymer monomer. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The thoroughly mixed solution was degassed, injected into a silicone mold, and finally cured under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0085] Comparative Example 1:

[0086] This comparative example did not include cellulose acetate, and all other settings were the same as in Example 4.

[0087] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0088] In 5 g of ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]), + Cl - In a mixture of ionic liquid and polymer monomers (acrylic acid, AA), add an equimolar amount of polymer monomers (acrylic acid, AA). Add crosslinking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBAA) and initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, LAP) at a molar percentage of 0.2% of the polymer monomers. Mix and stir for 30 min. Degas the thoroughly mixed solution, inject it into a silicone mold, and finally cure it under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to obtain the ion gel sensor.

[0089] Table 1

[0090] Ion gel Fracture strength (kPa) Elongation at break (%) Example 1 46.2 1176.9 Example 2 54 1106.2 Example 3 58.1 1457.1 Example 4 61.9 290.7 Example 5 51.5 410.48 Example 6 57 3376.06 Example 7 42.9 343.8 Comparative Example 1 44.5 235.7

Claims

1. A self-powered flexible sensor, characterized by comprising the following Preparation process: Step one, preparation of cellulose acetate by sulfuric acid hydrolysis: first, a certain amount of cellulose TCA was placed in a flask and dissolved with a certain amount of acetic acid. Second, a certain amount of sulfuric acid was added to the flask, followed by a certain amount of deionized water, and the mixture was allowed to react at a certain temperature for a certain time. Third, after the reaction was completed, a certain concentration of magnesium acetate aqueous solution was added. Fourth, the precipitate was washed with ethanol, then suspended in water, dialyzed with water for a certain time, and freeze-dried. Step two, preparation of cellulose acetate-based ionic gel sensor: first, dissolve cellulose acetate (CA) in a mixed solution of dichloromethane and ethanol, then add ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim] + Cl - , BM); after mixing evenly, continue to stir at 85°C for a certain time to allow the dichloromethane to fully evaporate, obtaining a CA-BM mixed solution. Second, add polymer monomer (acrylic acid, AA), crosslinking agent (N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, MBAA) and initiator (lithium phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphate, LAP), and mix and stir for a certain time. Third, degas the well-mixed solution, inject it into a silica gel mold, and finally cure it by ultraviolet light to obtain an ionic gel sensor.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-powered flexible sensor is prepared by the steps of: The second step of the first step, the temperature is 75~90℃, and the time is 0~80 min.

3. The method for fabricating a self-powered flexible sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first step of the second step, the mass ratio of dichloromethane in the mixed solution is 85~100%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-powered flexible sensor is prepared by the steps of: The second step of the second step, the molar ratio of acrylic monomer to ionic liquid is 1:

1.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-powered flexible sensor is prepared by the steps of: The second step of the second step, the molar ratio of crosslinking agent MBAA to monomer AA is (0.1-0.5)%:

1.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first step of the first step, the cellulose TCA is 0.5~1.5 g, and the acetic acid is 10~18 mL; the second step, the sulfuric acid is 0.1~1 g, and the deionized water is 1.0~2 mL.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The third step of the first step, the concentration of magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 10~30% in mass content.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The fourth step of the first step, the dialysis time is 1~3 days.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first step of the second step, the temperature is 80~90℃, and the time is 4~6 h.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first step of the second step, the time is 10~40 minutes.

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