A rotary drilling rig drill bit with low noise and high efficiency deslagging function

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of drill bit, in particular to a rotary drilling rig drill bit with low noise and efficient residue discharge function. It comprises a drill cylinder and a residue discharge mechanism. The top of the drill cylinder is provided with a fixed cylinder and a drill rod. The residue discharge mechanism comprises an inner sandwich layer, which forms an annular air cavity with the drill cylinder. The inner sandwich layer is uniformly provided with a plurality of obliquely downward jet holes in the circumferential direction. A push disc is axially movably arranged in the inner sandwich layer. A plurality of scrapers are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the inner sandwich layer. A telescopic ring is arranged in the annular air cavity, and an air hole is arranged on the telescopic ring corresponding to each jet hole. The main residue is forcedly discharged by the push disc. After resetting, the stress block is aligned with the tangential jet hole, and the compressed air is sprayed out from the obliquely downward jet hole through the annular air cavity to flush the residue. At the same time, the tangential airflow drives the push disc and the elastic scraper to rotate through the jet hole. The scraper is tightly attached to the inner wall to scrape off the adhered soil residue. The residue is discharged without shaking, with low noise and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drill bit technology, specifically to a rotary drilling rig drill bit with low noise and high efficiency in slag removal. Background Technology

[0002] In rotary drilling rig construction, traditional drill bits rely on left-right rotation and shaking to expel high-moisture, highly viscous soil from the drill barrel. This not only results in low slag removal efficiency and long processing time, but also generates significant noise during the rigid collision of metal parts, accelerating equipment wear and significantly increasing maintenance costs. Especially when using open-body drills for hole-forming operations, frequent shaking and slag ejection can easily lead to structural fatigue and noise pollution.

[0003] A currently published Chinese patent authorization announcement number, CN116733404B, discloses a silent rotary drilling rig drill bit, comprising a drill bit bracket, a controllable lifting drill rod mounted in the middle of the drill bit bracket, a second protective barrel with a cutter head hinged to the bottom of the drill rod, a first protective barrel fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the drill bit bracket, and two symmetrically distributed connecting plates fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill bit bracket. A power lifting mechanism is mounted on the top of the connecting plates, and a soil-lifting mechanism is mounted on the bottom of the power lifting mechanism. The power lifting mechanism controls the soil-lifting mechanism to move up and down reciprocally along the vertical direction of the second protective barrel, thereby squeezing out the soil inside the second protective barrel. The power lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper surface of the first protective barrel by bolts, and a hydraulic fixing plate and a pull rod are respectively mounted on the top of the connecting plates.

[0004] According to the aforementioned patent, the drill rod is lifted and moved, and the bottom of the second protective barrel is opened by rotating the cutter head. A hydraulic cylinder drives the upper push plate and the push rod to push the lower push plate, squeezing out the soil inside the barrel and achieving silent unloading. However, the aforementioned patent has limited ability to completely remove highly viscous or dense soil layers, and residues may still remain on the inner wall. Therefore, there is a current need for a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high-efficiency slag removal capabilities, capable of actively removing residues from the barrel wall. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function is provided. The main slag is forcibly discharged by pushing the pusher plate downward. After resetting, the precise limit position aligns the force block with the tangential jet hole. Compressed air is sprayed out through the annular air chamber and the downward jet hole to flush away the residue. At the same time, the tangential airflow drives the pusher plate and the elastic scraper to rotate through the jet hole. The scraper flexibly scrapes away the adhering soil and slag by closely adhering to the inner wall, achieving vibration-free, low noise and high efficiency slag removal.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high-efficiency slag removal function, including a drill barrel and a slag removal mechanism disposed therein. The drill barrel has a fixed cylinder extending upward from its top and a drill rod fixedly connected thereto. The slag removal mechanism includes an inner jacket, coaxially disposed inside the drill barrel, forming an annular air cavity with the drill barrel. The inner jacket has multiple downwardly angled jet holes evenly distributed circumferentially. A pusher plate is axially movable within the inner jacket. A downward pressure rod is disposed inside the fixed cylinder. The rod is connected to the push plate via a bearing. Multiple scrapers are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the inner interlayer. Each scraper extends axially along the inner interlayer and fits against the inner wall of the inner interlayer. A rotating disk is coaxially rotatably disposed on the top of the inner interlayer. The upper end of each scraper is fixedly connected to the rotating disk. The edge of the push plate has a groove for sliding engagement with each scraper. A telescopic ring is disposed in the annular air cavity, and a vent hole is provided on it corresponding to each jet hole for connecting compressed air to the jet hole when it moves downward under pressure.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the inner interlayer is provided with a plurality of tangentially arranged air jet holes along its circumference, and the bottom of the pusher is provided with a plurality of force-bearing blocks evenly distributed along the circumference, which are used to cooperate with the airflow ejected from the air jet holes to drive the pusher and scraper to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the lower half of the fixed cylinder is fixedly provided with a baffle located above the push plate, and the top of the push plate extends upward with a retaining edge that can abut against the baffle. When the retaining edge abuts against the baffle, the force-bearing block and the jet hole are in alignment.

[0009] Preferably, a lower pressure plate is embedded inside the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the lower pressure rod. Guide rods that pass vertically upward through the lower pressure plate and slide with it are provided around the baffle.

[0010] Preferably, each guide rod is fitted with a first compression spring, which is located between the lower pressure plate and the baffle. The baffle on the push plate is made of rubber and is used to buffer when it comes into contact with the baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the drill rod is provided with an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate in sequence along its axial direction, and the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate form a radial air cavity. The fixed cylinder is provided with an air passage connecting the radial air cavity and the annular air cavity. The lower sealing plate and the lower pressure plate form an axial air cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the drill rod has a hollow structure and is provided with air ports that communicate with the radial air chamber and the axial air chamber respectively, and each air port is provided with an electrically controlled valve.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the inner interlayer is provided with a base platform, the upper end of the telescopic ring abuts against the top of the inner interlayer, and a second compression spring is provided between the lower end and the base platform. When the telescopic ring moves down under the action of air pressure to contact the base platform, the vent hole and the jet hole are aligned and connected, and at the same time the jet hole is connected to the annular air cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the scraper is a strip-shaped structure made of elastic material, used to reduce noise during the scraping process.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed cylinder is composed of two detachably connected half-cylinders.

[0016] The advantages of this application compared to the prior art are:

[0017] 1. This invention achieves forced discharge of the main slag by pushing the pusher downwards. After resetting, the baffle and the baffle plate precisely limit the position, ensuring that the force-bearing block at the bottom of the pusher is precisely aligned with the tangential jet hole at the upper end of the inner interlayer. After compressed air enters the annular air chamber, it is sprayed out through the downward-sloping jet hole to flush away the residue, and at the same time, it is sprayed from the tangential jet hole to impact the force-bearing block, driving the pusher and scraper to rotate synchronously.

[0018] As the scraper dynamically scrapes against the inner wall of the interlayer under the action of the elastic material, it efficiently removes the adhering soil and debris, which is then carried out by the airflow. The entire slag removal process is phased and vibration-free, which not only prevents soil from entering the top of the pusher plate, but also improves the thoroughness of slag removal, reduces noise and wear, and is suitable for efficient and quiet operation in highly viscous strata.

[0019] 2. This invention achieves precise step-by-step execution of the slag discharge process through independent air supply control of the axial and radial air chambers. When air enters the axial air chamber, it pushes the lower pressure plate, lower pressure rod, and push plate downwards, forcibly discharging the main body of slag. After slag discharge, pressure is released, the first compression spring assists the push plate in smoothly resetting, and the rubber baffle flexibly abuts against the baffle to achieve buffering and limiting, ensuring precise alignment between the force-bearing block and the tangential air jet hole.

[0020] Subsequently, compressed air is introduced into the radial air chamber and enters the annular air chamber through the air passage. This drives the telescopic sleeve to move downward, connecting the jet orifice and the air jet orifice. The oblique airflow washes away the residue, while the tangential airflow impacts the force block, causing the push plate and scraper to rotate synchronously. The elastic scraper dynamically scrapes the inner wall, achieving efficient cleaning. The entire process is controlled sequentially by electrically controlled valves, eliminating the need for mechanical vibration or external motors. It features a stable structure, low noise, and thorough slag removal.

[0021] 3. By using a strip scraper made of elastic material, the flexible body of the present invention can adapt to the slight deformation and surface unevenness of the inner wall of the inner interlayer during the airflow-driven rotation process. This not only effectively scrapes away highly viscous or compacted residual soil, but also suppresses the metallic impact sound and structural vibration generated by traditional rigid scraping.

[0022] Meanwhile, the scraper absorbs local impact energy through elastic deformation during continuous swirling, avoiding scratches or wear on the cylinder wall, extending the service life of the drill barrel, and ensuring quiet, stable, and continuous inner wall cleaning under conditions without mechanical vibration, thus guaranteeing low noise and efficient slag removal. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a planar sectional view of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the drill barrel and inner interlayer of a rotary drilling rig drill bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is the invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function from a first perspective.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of a rotary drilling rig drill bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function from a second perspective.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the telescopic ring and pusher of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the telescopic ring and pusher disc of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function, as shown in the first perspective.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the telescopic ring and pusher disc of a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function from a second perspective.

[0033] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Drill barrel; 2. Fixed barrel; 21. Half barrel; 3. Drill rod; 31. Upper sealing plate; 32. Lower sealing plate; 33. Radial air chamber; 331. Air passage; 34. Axial air chamber; 4. Inner interlayer; 41. Annular air chamber; 42. Jet hole; 43. Air jet hole; 5. Push plate; 51. Lower pressure rod; 511. Lower pressure plate; 512. Guide rod; 513. First compression spring; 52. Bearing; 53. Slot; 54. Force block; 55. Baffle; 551. Side guard; 6. Scraper; 7. Rotary disk; 8. Telescopic ring; 81. Vent hole; 82. Base platform; 821. Second compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function includes a drill barrel 1 and a slag removal mechanism disposed therein. A fixed cylinder 2 extends upward from the top of the drill barrel 1, and a drill rod 3 is fixedly connected thereto. The slag removal mechanism includes an inner jacket 4, coaxially disposed inside the drill barrel 1, forming an annular air cavity 41 between the inner jacket and the drill barrel 1. Multiple downward-sloping jet holes 42 are evenly distributed around the inner jacket 4. A pusher 5 is axially movable within the inner jacket 4. A downward pressure rod 51 is disposed inside the fixed cylinder 2, and the downward pressure rod 51 is connected to the pusher 5 via a bearing 52. Multiple scrapers 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the inner jacket 4, each scraper 6 extending axially along the inner jacket 4 and fitting against the inner wall of the inner jacket 4. A rotating disk 7 is coaxially rotatably disposed on the top of the inner jacket 4. The upper end of each scraper 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 7. A groove 53 is provided on the edge of the pusher 5 for sliding engagement with each scraper 6. A telescopic sleeve 8 is disposed inside the annular air cavity 41, and a vent hole 81 is provided on it corresponding to each jet hole 42, for connecting compressed air to the jet hole 42 when it is pressed down.

[0036] During rotary drilling operations, the drill bit rotates with the drill rod 3 to cut into the formation, and the soil is cut and enters the drill barrel 1. After completing one drilling operation, the drill rod 3 lifts the entire drill bit above the ground in preparation for slag removal.

[0037] At this point, the downward pressure rod 51 inside the fixed cylinder 2 is first moved downwards by external operation. Since the downward pressure rod 51 is connected to the push plate 5 via the bearing 52, the push plate 5 moves axially in the inner interlayer 4. The downward movement of the push plate 5 applies axial pressure to the soil and debris accumulated inside the drill barrel 1, forcibly pushing the compacted soil out of the drill barrel 1, thus achieving initial slag removal. This process effectively removes the main soil material.

[0038] After the pressure rod 51 drives the push plate 5 to complete the downward pushing action, it immediately moves upward to reset and return to the initial high position. At this time, compressed air is introduced into the drill bit and enters the annular air cavity 41 formed between the drill barrel 1 and the coaxially arranged inner interlayer 4. As the air pressure gradually increases, the gas acts on the telescopic sleeve 8, causing it to move downward along the axis. When the telescopic sleeve 8 moves to its lower position, the vent hole 81 on it is aligned and connected with the multiple downwardly angled jet holes 42 evenly distributed around the inner interlayer 4, and the compressed air is ejected at high speed through the jet holes 42.

[0039] Because the jet orifice 42 is arranged obliquely downwards, the ejected airflow not only generates a downward axial force, continuously flushing the fine soil particles remaining inside the drill barrel 1, causing them to be discharged from the bottom. Simultaneously, the rotating disk 7 drives multiple scrapers 6 to rotate along the inner wall of the inner interlayer 4. The scrapers 6 begin to rotate around the axis of the drill barrel 1, causing the rotating disk 7 to rotate synchronously. Since the pusher 5 has been reset to its high position and is slidably connected to the scrapers 6 through the slot 53, the pusher 5 can rotate dynamically without axial constraint during the rotation of the scrapers 6. The rotating scrapers 6 continuously perform dynamic scraping on the inner wall of the inner interlayer 4, peeling off residual soil adhering to the barrel wall due to adhesion or compaction. The scraped-off soil particles are then carried by the downward-jetting airflow and discharged from the bottom opening of the drill barrel 1.

[0040] The entire slag removal process is divided into two stages: first, the pusher plate 5 mechanically pushes down to remove the main slag, and then compressed air is jetted through the jet holes 42 to complete fine blowing and cleaning of the inner wall, while simultaneously driving the scraper 6 to rotate to complete further slag removal. This not only improves slag removal efficiency and reduces manual intervention, but also avoids the noise and equipment wear problems caused by traditional rotating and shaking methods.

[0041] See Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the upper end of the inner interlayer 4 is provided with a plurality of tangentially arranged jet holes 43 along its circumference, and the bottom of the pusher 5 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed force blocks 54, which are used to cooperate with the airflow ejected from the jet holes 43 to drive the pusher 5 and the scraper 6 to rotate.

[0042] After the pusher plate 5 completes its downward slag discharge and returns to its high position, compressed air simultaneously enters the annular air chamber 41 and the upper region of the inner interlayer 4. The gas is ejected at high speed through the jet holes 43 arranged tangentially along the circumference at the upper end of the inner interlayer 4. At this time, multiple force-bearing blocks 54 located at the bottom of the pusher plate 5 and evenly distributed along the circumference are exactly below the jet holes 43. The tangentially ejected airflow directly impacts the force-bearing blocks 54, generating a rotational torque around the axis of the drill barrel 1, thereby driving the pusher plate 5 to rotate.

[0043] Because the edge of the pusher plate 5 is slidably engaged with multiple scrapers 6 via the slot 53, and the upper end of the scrapers 6 is fixedly connected to the coaxially arranged rotating disk 7, the rotational motion of the pusher plate 5 is immediately transmitted to the scrapers 6, causing all the scrapers 6 to rotate synchronously around the axis. During the rotation, the scrapers 6 continuously and dynamically scrape against the inner wall of the inner interlayer 4, effectively removing the attached residual soil. Combined with the airflow ejected from the downward-sloping jet holes 42, which washes and carries away the soil and slag, efficient and thorough secondary slag removal is achieved. The entire process does not require external motors or mechanical vibration, relying solely on airflow power to complete the rotation and cleaning, reducing operating noise and improving the reliability of slag removal.

[0044] See Figures 4 to 10 As shown, the lower half of the fixed cylinder 2 is fixedly provided with a baffle 55 located above the push plate 5. The top of the push plate 5 extends upward with a baffle 551 that can abut against the baffle 55. When the baffle 551 abuts against the baffle 55, the force block 54 and the jet hole 43 are in alignment.

[0045] During the upward resetting process of the pusher plate 5 along with the downward pressing rod 51, the upward-extending flange 551 at its top gradually approaches and finally abuts against the baffle 55 fixed to the lower half of the fixed cylinder 2. After the flange 551 contacts the baffle 55, it restricts the pusher plate 5 from moving further upward, causing it to stop precisely at the preset high position. At this position, the circumferentially distributed force-bearing blocks 54 at the bottom of the pusher plate 5 are perfectly aligned with the tangentially arranged air jet holes 43 at the upper end of the inner interlayer 4. This also prevents soil from entering the top of the pusher plate 5 during downward pushing, thus providing a blocking effect.

[0046] The alignment ensures that when compressed air is tangentially ejected from the jet hole 43, the airflow can accurately and efficiently impact the force block 54, thereby generating a stable rotational driving torque. This reliably drives the push plate 5 and the scraper 6 linked with it to rotate synchronously, providing a precise mechanical basis for subsequent pneumatic slag removal.

[0047] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixed cylinder 2 is fitted with a lower pressure plate 511 that is fixedly connected to the lower pressure rod 51. The baffle 55 is provided with guide rods 512 that pass vertically upward through the lower pressure plate 511 and slide with it.

[0048] During the slag discharge process, when the lower pressure rod 51 moves downward under external drive, the lower pressure plate 511, which is fixedly connected to it, moves downward synchronously. At this time, multiple guide rods 512 fixed around the baffle 55 pass vertically upward through the lower pressure plate 511 and maintain a sliding fit with the lower pressure plate 511, which guides and limits the movement of the lower pressure plate 511, ensuring that it moves smoothly along the axial direction without deflection.

[0049] Meanwhile, the baffle 55 is slidably connected to the lower pressure plate 511 via the guide rod 512. When the lower pressure plate 511 moves downward, the baffle 55 remains in a fixed position, thereby maintaining the limit reference after the push plate 5 moves upward and resets. This not only ensures the stability of the transmission between the lower pressure rod 51 and the push plate 5, but also provides reliable mechanical support and guidance for the push plate 5 to stop accurately at the alignment position of the jet hole 43.

[0050] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each of the guide rods 512 is fitted with a first compression spring 513, which is located between the lower pressure plate 511 and the baffle 55. The baffle 551 on the push plate 5 is made of rubber and is used to buffer when it comes into contact with the baffle 55.

[0051] During the resetting process of the push plate 5 as it moves upward with the pressure rod 51, the rubber stop 551 at its top moves upward and comes into contact with the baffle 55 fixed inside the fixed cylinder 2. At this time, the first compression spring 513 sleeved on each guide rod 512 is located between the pressure plate 511 and the baffle 55 and is in a natural state.

[0052] When the rubber baffle 551 comes into contact with the baffle 55, if there is an inertial impact, the rubber material absorbs the collision energy through its own elastic deformation, achieving flexible buffering and avoiding hard impact from the metal parts.

[0053] Meanwhile, the first compression spring 513 provides elastic support between the lower pressure plate 511 and the baffle 55, assisting the lower pressure plate 511 to return smoothly after the push plate 5 completes the slag discharge and pressing down, and maintaining the relative positional stability between the baffle 55 and the lower pressure plate 511.

[0054] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drill rod 3 is provided with an upper sealing plate 31 and a lower sealing plate 32 in sequence along its axial direction. The upper sealing plate 31 and the lower sealing plate 32 enclose each other to form a radial air cavity 33. The fixed cylinder 2 is provided with an air passage 331 that connects the radial air cavity 33 and the annular air cavity 41. The lower sealing plate 32 and the lower pressure plate 511 enclose each other to form an axial air cavity 34.

[0055] When air enters the axial air chamber 34, the air pressure pushes the lower pressure plate 511 downward, causing the lower pressure rod 51 and the pusher plate 5 to complete the slag discharge downward pushing operation. During the downward movement of the lower pressure plate 511, the first compression spring 513, sleeved on each guide rod 512, is compressed between the lower pressure plate 511 and the baffle 55, storing elastic potential energy. When the slag discharge is completed and the axial air chamber 34 is depressurized, the first compression spring 513 releases energy, pushing the lower pressure plate 511 upward to reset, thereby causing the pusher plate 5 to rise again.

[0056] When air enters the radial air chamber 33, compressed air flows into the annular air chamber 41 through the air passage 331. As the air pressure inside the annular air chamber 41 increases, the gas acts on the telescopic sleeve 8, causing it to move downward along the axis. When the telescopic sleeve 8 moves into position, its vent 81 aligns and connects with the downwardly angled jet holes 42 distributed circumferentially in the inner interlayer 4, and compressed air is ejected at high speed, forming a downward scouring airflow to remove residual soil and debris from the drill barrel 1. At the same time, if the pusher plate 5 has returned to its high position, the jet holes 43 tangentially arranged at the upper end of the inner interlayer 4 also eject airflow due to the air passage being open, impacting the force block 54 at the bottom of the pusher plate 5, driving the pusher plate 5 and the scraper 6 linked to it to rotate, achieving dynamic scraping and cleaning of the inner wall.

[0057] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drill rod 3 has a hollow structure and is provided with air ports that are respectively connected to the radial air chamber 33 and the axial air chamber 34. Each air port is provided with an electrically controlled valve.

[0058] When the mechanical slag pushing stage is performed, the control system opens the electrically controlled valve corresponding to the axial air chamber 34, and compressed air enters the axial air chamber 34 formed by the lower sealing plate 32 and the lower pressure plate 511, generating a downward air pressure thrust, driving the lower pressure plate 511 and the lower pressure rod 51 and push plate 5 connected to it to move down synchronously, completing the forced discharge of the main slag.

[0059] When pneumatic slag removal is required, the control system opens the electrically controlled valve corresponding to the radial air chamber 33. Compressed air enters the radial air chamber 33 through the hollow channel in the drill rod 3, and is introduced into the annular air chamber 41 through the air passage 331 in the fixed cylinder 2, thereby pushing the telescopic ring sleeve 8 to move down and connecting the jet hole 42 and the air jet hole 43, so as to realize the slag blowing and the scraper 6 rotation.

[0060] Two electrically controlled valves are independently controlled, ensuring that the axial drive and radial air supply do not interfere with each other and work together in sequence to complete an efficient and low-noise slag discharge process.

[0061] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the bottom of the inner interlayer 4 is provided with a base platform 82. The upper end of the telescopic ring 8 abuts against the top of the inner interlayer 4, and the lower end is provided with a second compression spring 821 between it and the base platform 82. When the telescopic ring 8 moves down under the action of air pressure to contact the base platform 82, the vent 81 and the jet hole 42 are aligned and connected, and at the same time the jet hole 43 is connected to the annular air chamber 41.

[0062] When compressed air enters the annular air chamber 41 through the drill rod 3, the air pressure acts on the telescopic sleeve 8, overcoming the elastic force of the second compression spring 821 set between its lower end and the base 82, and pushing the telescopic sleeve 8 to move axially. In the initial state, the upper end of the telescopic sleeve 8 abuts against the top of the inner interlayer 4, and the vent 81 on it is misaligned with the jet hole 42 circumferentially of the inner interlayer 4, and the air passage is closed to prevent soil from entering the annular air chamber 41 during drilling.

[0063] As the air pressure continues to act, the telescopic sleeve 8 gradually descends until its lower end contacts the bottom platform 82 at the bottom of the inner interlayer 4. At this point, the telescopic sleeve 8 reaches the end of its stroke, and the vent 81 on it is perfectly aligned and connected with the jet hole 42, allowing the compressed air in the annular air chamber 41 to flow into the jet hole 42 through the vent 81 and be ejected at high speed. At the same time, this downward movement also releases the blockage of the jet hole 43 at the upper end of the inner interlayer 4, realizing the connection between the jet hole 43 and the annular air chamber 41, thereby synchronously starting the tangential airflow to drive the force block 54 of the push plate 5, providing power for the rotation of the scraper 6.

[0064] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the scraper 6 is a strip structure made of elastic material, used to reduce noise during the scraping process.

[0065] During the slag removal process, as the scraper 6 rotates around the axis of the drill barrel 1 with the rotating disk 7, its strip-shaped body continuously scrapes against the inner wall of the inner jacket 4. Because the scraper 6 is made of elastic material, it has good flexibility and resilience when in contact with the metal inner wall, which can adapt to the slight unevenness of the barrel wall and absorb the impact vibration during the scraping process.

[0066] Flexible contact reduces high-frequency noise and mechanical wear caused by collisions or friction between the traditional rigid metal scraper 6 and the cylinder wall. At the same time, the elastic scraper 6 can deform appropriately when scraping highly viscous or compacted soil and slag, enhancing its adhesion and improving cleaning efficiency, thereby achieving low-noise and low-damage operation while efficiently discharging slag.

[0067] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixed cylinder 2 is composed of two detachably connected half-cylinders 21.

[0068] The fixed cylinder 2 is composed of two half-cylinders 21 that are detachably connected as a whole by bolts. During assembly or maintenance, the two half-cylinders 21 can be separated, which facilitates the installation, inspection or replacement of the internal mechanism, improves the maintenance convenience of the drill bit's internal mechanism, and does not affect the overall structural strength and air circuit sealing reliability.

[0069] This invention achieves a step-by-step slag removal process, first mechanically pushing slag and then pneumatically cleaning the wall, through independent air supply control of the axial air chamber 34 and the radial air chamber 33. The axial air chamber 34 drives the pusher plate 5 to move downward to forcibly discharge the main soil and slag. During resetting, the first compression spring 513 assists in returning to its original position. The rubber baffle 551 flexibly abuts against the baffle 55, which both buffers the impact and precisely limits the position, ensuring that the force-bearing block 54 at the bottom of the pusher plate 5 is aligned with the tangential jet hole 43 at the upper end of the inner interlayer 4. Subsequently, air enters the radial air chamber 33, pushing the telescopic ring 8 downward, and simultaneously opening the downward-sloping jet hole 42 and the tangential jet hole 43. The former flushes away the residue, while the latter drives the pusher plate 5 and the scraper 6 to rotate.

[0070] During rotation, the scraper 6, made of elastic material, can adaptively conform to the contour of the cylinder wall, flexibly scraping away highly viscous or compacted residues, effectively avoiding noise, cylinder wall scratches, and structural wear caused by rigid collisions. The entire process is controlled sequentially by electrically controlled valves, with no external motors or mechanical vibrations, which not only prevents soil from entering the top of the pusher plate 5 and the annular air chamber 41, but also improves the thoroughness of slag removal and the quietness of operation.

[0071] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function, comprising a drill barrel and a slag removal mechanism disposed therein, wherein a fixed cylinder extends upward from the top of the drill barrel and a drill rod fixedly connected thereto; Its features are, The slag discharge mechanism includes: The inner interlayer is coaxially disposed inside the drill barrel, forming an annular air cavity with the drill barrel. The inner interlayer is uniformly provided with multiple downward-sloping jet holes in the circumferential direction. A pusher plate is axially movable in the inner interlayer, and a pressing rod is provided inside the fixed cylinder. The pressing rod is connected to the pusher plate through a bearing. Multiple scrapers are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the inner interlayer, and each scraper extends along the axial direction of the inner interlayer and is in contact with the inner wall of the inner interlayer. A rotating disk is coaxially rotatably disposed on the top of the inner interlayer, and the upper end of each scraper is fixedly connected to the rotating disk. The edge of the pusher is provided with a slot that slides and engages with each scraper. A telescopic sleeve is provided inside the annular air cavity, and a vent hole is provided on it corresponding to each jet hole, for connecting compressed air to the jet hole when it is pressed down; The upper end of the inner interlayer is provided with multiple tangentially arranged air jet holes along its circumference, and the bottom of the pusher is provided with multiple force blocks evenly distributed along the circumference, which are used to cooperate with the airflow ejected from the air jet holes to drive the pusher and scraper to rotate. The lower half of the fixed cylinder is fixedly provided with a baffle located above the push plate. The top of the push plate extends upward with a baffle that can abut against the baffle. When the baffle abuts against the baffle, the force block and the jet hole are aligned. The bottom of the inner layer is provided with a base platform. The upper end of the telescopic ring sleeve abuts against the top of the inner layer, and the lower end is provided with a second compression spring between the base platform and the base platform. When the telescopic ring sleeve moves down to contact the base platform under the action of air pressure, the vent hole and the jet hole are aligned and connected, and the jet hole and the annular air cavity are connected at the same time. The scraper is a strip-shaped structure made of elastic material, used to reduce noise during the scraping process.

2. The rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder is fitted with a lower pressure plate that is fixedly connected to the lower pressure rod. The baffle is provided with guide rods that pass vertically upward through the lower pressure plate and slide with it.

3. A rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the guide rods is fitted with a first compression spring, which is located between the lower pressure plate and the baffle. The baffle on the push plate is made of rubber and is used to cushion the contact with the baffle.

4. A rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drill pipe is provided with an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate in sequence along its axial direction. The upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate form a radial air cavity. The fixed cylinder is provided with an air passage connecting the radial air cavity and the annular air cavity. The lower sealing plate and the lower pressure plate form an axial air cavity.

5. A rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drill rod has a hollow structure and is provided with air ports that communicate with the radial air chamber and the axial air chamber respectively. Each air port is provided with an electrically controlled valve.

6. A rotary drilling rig bit with low noise and high efficiency slag removal function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder consists of two detachably connected half-cylinders.

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