Modularized dynamic water quality regulation and control and algae prevention and control device for aquaculture

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized dynamic water quality regulation and control and algae prevention and control device for aquaculture, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture equipment.The modularized dynamic water quality regulation and algae prevention and control device is characterized in that a modularized main body supporting structure serves as a carrier, buoyancy supporting and spatial positioning are provided, and a charcoal-bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system is arranged on the modularized main body supporting structure for pollution reduction; a full-period dynamic regulation and control module is mounted at the top to realize signal transmission and linkage control; a functional floating bed planting unit covers the upper part; an accurate algae prevention and control assembly is further arranged and is matched and linked with other parts through the layout of a supporting structure, and an all-dimensional prevention and control system is formed; according to the invention, multi-modal fusion and self-adaptive acquisition are adopted, and strict quality control is combined to guarantee data reliability; efficiency and safety are both considered through dynamic bandwidth transmission and encryption processing; parameter changes are accurately captured through edge end AI analysis, and misjudgment is avoided; meanwhile, a time sequence coupling algorithm and a multi-dimensional early warning mechanism improve the risk identification timeliness, realize resource optimization configuration, construct a personalized risk prevention and control system and strengthen the health monitoring accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture equipment technology, specifically a modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture. Background Technology

[0002] As an important part of the agricultural industry, aquaculture faces challenges due to the promotion of intensive farming models and the continuous expansion of farming scale. Pollutants such as uneaten feed and excrement generated during the farming process easily accumulate in water bodies, leading to eutrophication and imbalances in water quality indicators. At the same time, the proliferation of algae can disrupt the stability of the aquaculture ecosystem, affecting not only the growth and development of aquatic organisms but also potentially causing a decline in the quality of farmed products and even triggering large-scale diseases, resulting in serious economic losses. Therefore, water quality control and algae prevention have become core issues restricting the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. Currently, the concept of green aquaculture is gaining increasing popularity, and the industry's demand for water quality management technology has shifted from traditional passive treatment to proactive prevention and full-cycle control, emphasizing eco-friendliness and technological synergy. This requires related devices to not only achieve efficient removal of pollutants but also accurately control algae outbreaks, while being adaptable to different farming scenarios, thus promoting the transformation of the aquaculture industry towards high efficiency, environmental protection, and high quality.

[0003] Traditional aquaculture technologies for water quality control and algae control have significant limitations, failing to meet the comprehensive needs of modern aquaculture. Traditional control methods are mostly single-function designs, with water purification and algae control operating independently, lacking a systematic synergistic mechanism and failing to form a comprehensive governance system. Some devices have fixed structures, lacking flexibility and adaptability, making it difficult to adjust according to differences in aquaculture scale and aquatic environment. Installation and maintenance processes are complex, limiting applicability. In terms of water quality monitoring, traditional methods rely heavily on manual sampling and testing, resulting in data lag and an inability to capture changes in water quality parameters in real time and comprehensively. This leads to a lack of precision in control measures, making it difficult to address the water quality needs of different aquaculture stages. Algae control often employs single physical interception or chemical disinfection methods. The former has a limited control range, while the latter easily causes secondary pollution of water bodies and disrupts the ecological balance. Furthermore, traditional devices generally lack quality traceability functions during the aquaculture process, failing to effectively guarantee the quality and safety of aquaculture products. Overall, it is difficult to balance governance efficiency and ecological benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture. Based on a detachable modular connection, it integrates five core components to form a synergistic system. The modular main support structure provides a stable installation and positioning foundation. The carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system achieves precise pollution reduction through carbon-based bacterial film balls and aquatic plants. The full-cycle dynamic control module relies on multi-parameter sensors and execution units to link various systems to complete phased control. The functional floating bed planting unit supports flexible planting and quality traceability. The algae precision control component integrates multiple means to build all-round protection. The device achieves efficient synergy between water quality control and algae control, adapts to different aquaculture scenarios, provides ecological protection for the entire aquaculture cycle, and contributes to the green and sustainable development of the industry.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture, the device comprising the following parts assembled using a detachable modular connection method: Modular main support structure: includes main frame, pontoon, stainless steel mesh, anchor chain and anti-collision components, providing installation carrier, stable buoyancy support and spatial positioning for the rest; Charcoal-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system: set in the area enclosed by the modular main support structure, including a carbon-based bacterial film ball filling layer and an aquatic plant planting layer, wherein the carbon-based bacterial film ball is embedded with a biological triggering factor, and the filling layer is laid on the bottom of the inner side of the stainless steel grid; Full-cycle dynamic control module: Installed on the top of the modular main support structure, it includes a water quality monitoring unit and a control execution unit. The water quality monitoring unit is equipped with a multi-parameter sensor, and the control execution unit is equipped with a corresponding execution mechanism. It also establishes signal transmission and linkage control with the carbonaceous bacteria targeted and synergistic pollution reduction system, the functional floating bed planting unit, and the algae precision control component. Functional floating bed planting unit: Covered and installed above the modular main support structure, including a floating bed panel, a switchable planting component installed on the floating bed panel via a sliding guide rail, a pollutant detection interface and a quality traceability system; Algae Precision Control Components: These components include a physical control structure, a biological control system, a precision control unit, and an allelochemical spraying unit. The spatial layout is achieved by relying on the modular main support structure. Through structural coordination and signal linkage with the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system and the functional floating bed planting unit, a comprehensive control system is formed.

[0006] Furthermore, the main frame of the modular main support structure is made of stainless steel, and the pipe specifications are selected as Φ50mm×3mm, Φ60mm×4mm or Φ70mm×5mm. Each pipe component is spliced ​​by quick-release buckles, and the buckle surface is passivated. The size range of a single frame module is from 3m×3m×1.2m to 8m×8m×2.0m.

[0007] Furthermore, the stainless steel mesh of the modular main support structure is woven from stainless steel wire with a wire diameter of 1.8mm to 2.2mm, a mesh size of 3cm to 4cm, a weaving density of 10 meshes / inch to 15 meshes / inch, and the edges are folded with a fold width of 1cm to 2cm. The bottom of the mesh is reserved with a gap of 30cm to 40cm from the bottom of the water.

[0008] Furthermore, the carbon-based biofilm spheres of the carbon-based biofilm system are made from agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials. They are produced by high-temperature carbonization and steam activation to form a porous biochar carrier with a specific surface area of ​​900 m² / g to 1100 m² / g and a porosity of 78% to 82%, of which micropores account for 55% to 65%, mesopores account for 25% to 35%, and macropores account for 5% to 15%. The carbon-based biofilm spheres are filled in a graded manner with a bottom layer of 6 to 8 cm, a middle layer of 4 to 6 cm, and an upper layer of 2 to 4 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the bio-triggering factors of the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system are encapsulated in a starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane with a thickness of 0.12 mm to 0.18 mm. The membrane contains acetourea and disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate in a mass ratio of 0.9:1 to 1.1:1. Each carbon-based bacterial membrane sphere contains 3 to 5 bio-triggering factors. The total thickness of the filling layer is 25 cm to 35 cm, and the filling density is 0.8 kg / m³ to 1.2 kg / m³.

[0010] Furthermore, in the water quality monitoring unit of the full-cycle dynamic control module, the transparency sensor adopts the optical scattering method, the ammonia nitrogen sensor adopts the ion-selective electrode method, the phosphorus sensor adopts the molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry method, the algae density sensor adopts the laser particle counting method, and the dissolved oxygen sensor adopts the fluorescence method. Each sensor is installed in a preset position.

[0011] Furthermore, the control execution unit of the full-cycle dynamic control module, based on feedback information from the water quality monitoring unit, collaborates with the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system, the functional floating bed planting unit, and the algae precision control component, and is configured to perform phased control. The phased control includes: during the ecological construction phase, controlling the water flow velocity within the range of 0.04 m / s to 0.06 m / s and adjusting the planting height of aquatic plants; during the stable operation phase, maintaining the water flow velocity within the range of 0.08 m / s to 0.1 m / s; and during the aquaculture wastewater treatment phase, increasing the water flow velocity to 0.12 m / s to 0.15 m / s, activating the bio-triggering factors within the carbon-based bacterial film spheres, and controlling the allelochemical spraying unit of the algae precision control component to spray.

[0012] Furthermore, the floating bed panel of the functional floating bed planting unit is made of HDPE material, with a single panel size of 0.8m×0.8m to 1.2m×1.2m and a thickness of 8mm to 12mm. Planting holes are evenly opened on the panel, with a hole diameter of 7cm to 9cm and a hole spacing of 20cm to 30cm. Wave-proof baffles are set at the edge of the panel, with a baffle height of 12cm to 18cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the switchable planting component of the functional floating bed planting unit includes a planting cup and the sliding guide rail. The planting cup is made of PP or HDPE, has a capacity of 0.8L to 1.2L, and has 8 to 12 water-permeable holes evenly distributed on the cup wall with a diameter of 4mm to 6mm. An activated carbon fiber adsorption layer is laid at the bottom of the cup with a thickness of 2.5cm to 3.5cm. The length of the sliding guide rail is consistent with the side length of the floating bed panel.

[0014] Furthermore, the physical control structure of the algae precision control component includes an algae collection net and a shade net. The algae collection net is made of stainless steel with a mesh size of 0.08mm to 0.12mm. It has an overall arc-shaped design with a radius of 0.5m to 1m. The ratio of the collection area to the device surface area is 1:1 to 1.2:1. The shade net has a shading rate of 25% to 35% and is fixed to the floating bed by clips.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture has the following beneficial effects: I. This invention constructs a main support structure through a detachable modular connection, forming a linkage system with a carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system and a full-cycle dynamic control module. This achieves efficient synergy between water quality control and algae control. The modular design allows for flexible combination of components to suit different aquaculture scenarios, eliminating the need for complex installation procedures. This provides stable support for functions such as pollution reduction, planting, and control. The combination of carbon-based bacterial film balls and bio-triggering factors can specifically adsorb and degrade water pollutants. At the same time, the aquatic plant planting layer and the carbon-based filling layer form a three-dimensional purification structure, enhancing the pollutant removal effect. The water quality monitoring unit captures water quality changes in real time, and the control execution unit promptly links various systems to adjust their operating status, preventing pollutant accumulation and algae growth, maintaining the ecological balance of the aquaculture water, and improving the stability and adaptability of the aquaculture environment.

[0016] II. This invention, through the comprehensive coordination of functional floating bed planting units and algae control components, combined with a phased control strategy throughout the entire lifecycle, constructs an aquaculture ecological protection system that integrates purification, control, and traceability functions. The switchable planting components of the floating bed support flexible adjustments to planting varieties and layouts. Coupled with pollutant detection interfaces and a quality traceability system, it enables visualized management of the aquaculture process. The algae control components integrate multiple methods such as physical, biological, and allelopathic substance spraying to form a comprehensive control network that specifically inhibits algae reproduction. Phased control adjusts operating parameters according to the water quality requirements at different stages of aquaculture, precisely targeting each stage of ecological construction, stable operation, and wastewater treatment. This ensures a good environment for the growth of aquatic organisms while efficiently treating aquaculture wastewater, reducing environmental discharge pressure, and achieving synergistic development of aquaculture benefits and ecological protection.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 Diagram showing the core components of a modular water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture; Figure 2 A top view of a modular water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture; Figure 3A detailed schematic diagram of the core components of a modular water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below. Example

[0021] An embodiment of a modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture.

[0022] I. Overall structure and connection relationships of the device, such as Figure 1 As shown: Modular main support structure: The main frame is made of 304 stainless steel tubing, with a specification of Φ60mm×4mm. Each tubing component is assembled using quick-release clips, the surface of which is passivated to effectively enhance its resistance to corrosion from seawater or aquaculture water. Each module is designed to be 5m×5m×1.5m. This embodiment uses a combined structure of two modules joined together to form a 10m×5m structure. The joints are locked using reinforced quick-release clips to ensure overall structural stability.

[0023] HDPE pontoons, each with a capacity of 50L and a wall thickness of 10mm, are secured to the lower perimeter of the frame using clamps. Each module is equipped with eight pontoons, evenly distributed at the four corners and the midpoint of the long side of the frame, providing uniform buoyancy support and maintaining the overall draft of the device at 0.8m. Lifting lugs are welded to the four corners of the frame, connecting to Φ12mm stainless steel anchor chains. The other end of the anchor chains is fixed to precast concrete anchors on the seabed, each weighing 50kg, ensuring spatial positioning of the device and preventing displacement due to wind and waves. The outer side of the frame is wrapped with 5cm thick rubber anti-collision pads, secured with bolts, to prevent structural damage from collisions with aquaculture vessels.

[0024] The stainless steel mesh is woven from 2.0mm stainless steel wire with a 3.5cm aperture and a weaving density of 12 meshes / inch. The mesh edges are folded at a width of 1.5cm to enhance edge strength. The stainless steel mesh is fixed to the inside of the main frame with M8 stainless steel bolts spaced 50cm apart. A 35cm gap is left between the bottom of the mesh and the water bottom to ensure water flow while preventing bottom silt from clogging the mesh. Figure 2 As shown.

[0025] Charcoal and bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system: The system is laid on top of a stainless steel mesh within the area enclosed by a modular main support structure. A 200-mesh non-woven fabric isolation layer is laid at the bottom and fixed to the mesh with pressure strips to prevent the carbon-based biofilm balls from being lost. The carbon-based biofilm balls are made from agricultural and forestry waste materials such as corn cobs and peanut shells. They are carbonized at 500℃ and activated with steam for 2 hours to create a porous biochar carrier with a specific surface area of ​​1000 m² / g and a porosity of 80%, comprising 60% micropores, 30% mesopores, and 10% macropores, thus possessing both adsorption and microbial attachment functions.

[0026] The carbon-based biofilm spheres are laid in a tiered filling method, with a bottom layer thickness of 7cm, a middle layer thickness of 5cm, and a top layer thickness of 3cm, for a total filling thickness of 29cm and a filling density of 1.0kg / m³, completely covering the stainless steel mesh area. Each carbon-based biofilm sphere contains four bio-triggering factors, which are encapsulated in a 0.15mm thick starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane. The membrane contains a 1:1 mass ratio of acetourea and disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The composite membrane can rupture and release active ingredients under specific electromagnetic signals or changes in the aquatic environment.

[0027] The aquatic plant planting layer is located above the carbon-based biofilm ball filling layer. Aquatic plants such as calamus and canna are planted with a plant spacing of 25cm. The roots penetrate through the carbon-based biofilm ball layer and extend into the water below, forming a synergistic pollution reduction system of plants, microorganisms and carbon carrier.

[0028] Full-cycle dynamic control module: The module is installed on the crossbeam at the top of the main frame and fixed by an aluminum alloy bracket with a height of 30cm. The core control box adopts an IP68 waterproof design and has a built-in PLC controller, wireless transmission module and power module. The wireless transmission module supports 4G / 5G networks, and the power module consists of a solar panel and a battery, which can ensure that the device can work normally for 7 consecutive days without sunlight.

[0029] The water quality monitoring unit's multi-parameter sensors are installed in preset locations. The transparency sensor, using optical scattering, is fixed in the center of the inner side of the frame, 50cm above the water surface, to monitor water turbidity in real time. The ammonia nitrogen sensor, using ion-selective electrode method, is symmetrically installed 10cm above the carbon-based biofilm ball filling layer, along with the phosphorus sensor. The phosphorus sensor uses molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry to accurately detect nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water. The algae density sensor, using laser particle counting method, is installed on the outer side of the frame, 30cm above the water surface, to capture changes in algae abundance. The dissolved oxygen sensor, using fluorescence method, is embedded between the aquatic plant planting layer, 20cm above the water surface, to monitor dissolved oxygen content. All sensors are connected to the control box via waterproof data cables, which are concealed within conduits inside the frame's tubing to prevent wear and corrosion.

[0030] The control and execution unit includes a water flow regulating pump, a biological triggering factor activation device, and an allelochemical spraying system. Two water flow regulating pumps are installed at both ends of the main frame and connected to the water body through pipes to regulate the water flow speed. The biological triggering factor activation device is a low-frequency electromagnetic pulse generator installed below the carbon-based bacterial film ball filling layer and connected to the controller through wires. It can generate electromagnetic pulses of a specific frequency to rupture the composite membrane. The allelochemical storage tank and spraying pump are installed on one side of the top of the frame. The allelochemical storage tank has a capacity of 50L, and the spraying pump is a special model. The spraying pipe is laid under the floating bed panel, and an atomizing nozzle is installed every 1.5m, covering the entire device area.

[0031] Functional floating bed planting unit: The unit is installed on top of the main frame in a covered manner. The floating bed panel is made of HDPE material, with each panel measuring 1.0m × 1.0m and 10mm thick. They are spliced ​​together to form a 10m × 5m whole, and the joints are sealed with butyl sealant to prevent water seepage. Planting holes are evenly spaced on the panel, with a diameter of 8cm and a spacing of 25cm. Each planting hole corresponds to a planting cup, which is made of HDPE and has a capacity of 1.0L. Ten permeable holes with a diameter of 5mm are evenly spaced on the cup wall. A 3.0cm thick activated carbon fiber adsorption layer is laid at the bottom of the cup to enhance the adsorption capacity for small molecule pollutants.

[0032] Stainless steel sliding rails are installed along the length of the bottom of the floating bed panel, with the rails matching the side length of the panel. The planting cups are connected to the rails via sliders and can slide flexibly along the rails, facilitating the switching of plant varieties or adjustment of planting density according to aquaculture needs. A 15cm high wave-resistant baffle is installed at the edge of the panel to prevent water from splashing out or the planting cups from tipping over due to wind and waves.

[0033] The pollutant detection interface is located on one side of the floating bed panel and is connected to the water body through a PTFE pipe. It can be connected to a portable water quality analyzer for calibrating sensor data. The quality traceability system uploads water quality data, control operation records, and equipment operating status to the cloud server in real time through the wireless transmission module of the control box. Users can view these data through a mobile APP or computer, achieving full traceability of the aquaculture process.

[0034] Algae Precision Control Components: In the physical control structure, the algae collection net is made of stainless steel with a mesh size of 0.1mm. It has an overall arc-shaped design with a radius of 0.8m, and the collection area to device surface area ratio is 1.1:1. It is installed on the lower outer side of the main frame, 1m above the water surface, and fixed by a bracket. A Φ50mm sewage pipe is connected to the bottom of the collection net, with the other end extending to a collection pond on the bank. A small water pump is provided to transport the collected algae to the collection pond. The shade net is made of polyethylene with a 30% shading rate and is fixed to an aluminum alloy bracket above the floating bed panel with clips. The bracket is 50cm high and can be opened and closed by an electric roller to adjust the light intensity in the water.

[0035] The biological control system is achieved through the combination of plants in the functional floating bed planting layer. In addition to calamus and canna, submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata are planted, whose root secretions can inhibit algal cell division. At the same time, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and Bacillus are inoculated into the carbon-based bacterial film ball filling layer to form a micro-ecosystem with the roots of aquatic plants, competing for nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients required for algal growth.

[0036] The precision control unit is interconnected with the PLC controller of the full-cycle dynamic control module, receiving real-time data from the algae density sensor and automatically switching the control mode according to the algae concentration. The allelochemical spraying unit shares a spraying system with the control execution unit. The allelochemical used is a 5% concentration of calamus extract, which is evenly sprayed through atomizing nozzles to inhibit algal photosynthesis. Figure 3 As shown.

[0037] II. Working Principle: This device uses a full-cycle dynamic control module as its core, and through the coordinated operation of multiple modules, it achieves water quality control and algae control throughout the entire aquaculture process. The specific workflow is as follows: (I) System Startup and Initialization: After the device is installed and commissioned, the full-cycle dynamic control module is activated. The controller automatically initializes each sensor, calibrates the zero point and range, and sets the threshold values ​​for various water quality indicators, such as ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.2 mg / L, phosphorus ≤ 0.05 mg / L, and algae density ≤ 5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The dissolved oxygen concentration should be ≥5 mg / L, and the time nodes and control parameters for the ecological construction period, stable operation period, and aquaculture wastewater treatment period should be set according to the aquaculture plan.

[0038] (II) Phased Dynamic Regulation: Ecosystem building phase: This stage, the initial aquaculture phase, occurs 1-2 weeks after seedling introduction. The core objective is to establish a stable aquatic micro-ecosystem, providing a suitable environment for the seedlings. The controller regulates the water flow pump, maintaining a flow velocity of 0.05 m / s. This slow flow promotes root growth in aquatic plants and facilitates the formation of a microbial film on the surface of the carbon-based biofilm balls. Simultaneously, the controller adjusts the height of the plants in the floating bed planting layer, ensuring full root contact with the water and accelerating microbial attachment.

[0039] The precise algae control components prioritize prevention. Shading nets are kept partially open to maintain light intensity in the water at 30,000-40,000 lux, satisfying the photosynthetic needs of aquatic plants while inhibiting the germination of harmful algae. Microorganisms in the biological control system co-grow with aquatic plants, initially absorbing small amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, reducing the nutrient base for algae growth. The quality traceability system uploads initial water quality data in real time, creating a baseline record for the initial stage of aquaculture.

[0040] Stable operation period: This stage, the mid-stage of aquaculture and the period of vigorous seedling growth, lasts approximately 2-8 weeks. As the seedlings feed and metabolize, the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water gradually increase, and algae begin to proliferate. The controller maintains a water flow velocity of 0.09 m / s, accelerating water circulation and ensuring that pollutants are evenly contacted by the carbon-based microbial targeted synergistic pollution reduction system. The porous structure of the carbon-based microbial membrane spheres efficiently adsorbs pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. The microorganisms attached to their surface degrade organic pollutants into inorganic nutrients. Aquatic plants absorb these nutrients through their roots, forming a closed loop of adsorption-degradation-absorption, continuously purifying the water.

[0041] An algae density sensor monitors algae levels in real time. When the algae density falls below a set threshold, the device maintains basic control measures. The algae collection net operates for one hour every 24 hours, using a water pump to transport a small amount of floating algae to the collection tank. The shade net automatically adjusts its opening and closing based on light intensity to prevent strong light from stimulating algae blooms. The quality traceability system continuously uploads water quality data and control operation records, allowing users to monitor the dynamics of the aquaculture environment in real time. If the algae density is detected to be close to the threshold, the controller will appropriately increase the water flow velocity to 0.1 m / s to enhance water disturbance and inhibit algae aggregation.

[0042] Aquaculture wastewater treatment period: This stage, the later stage of aquaculture, occurs 1-2 weeks before harvesting. During this period, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water reach their peak, and the risk of algal blooms is extremely high. The system then enters an enhanced treatment mode. The controller increases the water flow velocity to 0.13 m / s, accelerating pollutant migration and improving the treatment efficiency of the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system. Simultaneously, the controller sends a signal to the biological triggering factor activation device, generating low-frequency electromagnetic pulses. This causes the starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane within the carbon-based bacterial biofilm to rupture, releasing acetourea and disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate. Acetourea significantly enhances microbial activity, accelerating nitrogen and phosphorus degradation. Disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate, as a substrate for phosphorus-degrading enzymes, enhances the system's phosphorus removal capacity, rapidly reducing nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water.

[0043] When the algae density sensor detects that the algae density exceeds the threshold, the controller activates the precise algae control mechanism. First, it completely closes the shade net to reduce the light intensity in the water to below 15,000 lux, inhibiting algal photosynthesis. Simultaneously, the water pump of the algae collection net runs continuously, collecting floating algae and transporting them to the collection tank. Then, it activates the allelochemical spraying system, spraying a 5% concentration of calamus extract at a dosage of 0.5 L / m². The atomizing nozzles evenly disperse the allelochemical in the water, disrupting the algal cell structure and inhibiting its division and reproduction. Three hours after spraying, the sensor re-detects the algae density. If it has not dropped below the threshold, the controller repeats the spraying process until the algae density reaches the target.

[0044] (III) Module Interconnection and Emergency Response: Each module achieves deep linkage through signal transmission. When the water quality monitoring unit detects that the dissolved oxygen concentration is below 5 mg / L, the controller will simultaneously increase the water flow rate to increase dissolved oxygen in the water and activate the microorganisms in the carbon-based bacterial film to enhance the regulation of the aerobic degradation process. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration exceeds the standard, the role of the carbon-based bacterial targeted synergistic pollution reduction system will be strengthened first, while the amount of allelochemicals sprayed will be reduced to avoid affecting the activity of microorganisms.

[0045] If the sensor detects abnormal data, such as a sudden high concentration of pollutants, the controller will immediately activate the emergency mode, increase the water flow rate to 0.15 m / s, continuously activate biological triggering factors, increase the dosage of allelochemicals, and send a warning message to the user via the wireless module to remind them to take auxiliary measures. Example

[0046] Equipment assembly and deployment: Modular main support structure assembly: Φ50mm×3mm stainless steel pipes are used, spliced ​​together with passivated quick-release buckles to form a 3m×3m×1.2m single-module main frame. The passivated buckles resist corrosion from pond water and extend service life. A total of 6 single modules are assembled and spliced ​​into a whole to ensure coverage of key purification areas of the pond. A stainless steel mesh is installed at the bottom of the frame. This mesh is woven with 1.8mm diameter stainless steel wire, with a 3cm aperture, a weaving density of 10 meshes / inch, and a 1cm folded edge width. The folded edge design enhances the strength of the mesh edge and prevents deformation during use. After installation, a 30cm gap is left between the bottom of the mesh and the bottom of the pond to provide space for water circulation and sedimentation of bottom pollutants. Floats are installed around the frame to provide stable buoyancy and ensure the device floats on the water surface without tilting. Anchor chains are used to fix the device in the middle of the pond to ensure stable position and prevent drifting with the water flow. Anti-collision components are added to the outside to prevent structural damage caused by collisions with fishing gear and other equipment during aquaculture.

[0047] The carbon-based microbial targeted synergistic pollution reduction system is deployed as follows: A carbon-based microbial membrane ball filling layer is laid within the enclosed area of ​​the main structure. These balls are made from agricultural and forestry waste through high-temperature carbonization and steam activation. They have a specific surface area of ​​900 m² / g and a porosity of 78%, with micropores accounting for 55%, mesopores 35%, and macropores 10%. This rich pore structure and reasonable pore size distribution efficiently adsorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. The system is filled in a tiered manner: a 6cm bottom layer, a 4cm middle layer, and a 2cm top layer. This tiered filling method allows pollutants to be gradually adsorbed, degraded, and enhanced at different levels. The purification effect is as follows: the total thickness of the filling layer is 25cm and the filling density is 0.8kg / m³; each carbon-based bacterial film ball contains 3 bio-triggering factors, which are wrapped by a 0.12mm thick starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite film. The composite film can delay the release of internal components to achieve a long-lasting effect. The mass ratio of acetourea to disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate inside is 0.9:1. The two components synergistically stimulate microbial activity and enhance degradation ability; an aquatic plant planting layer is laid on top of the filling layer, and reeds are selected for planting. The reed roots can penetrate into the filling layer to adsorb pollutants and provide an attachment carrier for microorganisms.

[0048] Full-cycle dynamic control module installation: This module is installed on the top of the main structure. The water quality monitoring unit is equipped with sensors for transparency, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, algae density, and dissolved oxygen, using optical scattering, ion-selective electrode, molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry, laser particle counting, and fluorescence methods, respectively. The combination of multiple monitoring methods ensures accurate capture of each water quality parameter. The modules are installed at preset intervals to ensure that the monitoring data covers the entire area of ​​the device. The control execution unit is equipped with corresponding actuators and establishes signal transmission and linkage control links with the carbonaceous bacteria decontamination system, functional floating bed, and algae control components to achieve real-time feedback of monitoring data and rapid response of each system.

[0049] Functional floating bed planting unit construction: A floating bed is installed on top of the main structure. The panel is made of HDPE material, which is corrosion-resistant and lightweight, thus not increasing the load-bearing burden of the device. Each panel is 0.8m × 0.8m in size and 8mm thick, with 7cm diameter planting holes evenly spaced at 20cm intervals. The reasonable hole distribution ensures an appropriate planting density. A 12cm high wave-resistant baffle is installed at the edge to reduce the impact of pond waves on the floating bed and protect the planted plants. Switchable planting components are installed via sliding guide rails, which facilitate the adjustment of the planting component positions to achieve even plant distribution. The planting cup is made of PP material with a capacity of 0.8L. The cup wall has 8 4mm diameter water permeable holes to ensure full contact between the water and plant roots. A 2.5cm thick activated carbon fiber adsorption layer is laid at the bottom of the cup to further adsorb residual micro-pollutants in the water. Water hyacinth is planted in the planting cup. The roots of the water hyacinth can adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus and inhibit the growth of some algae.

[0050] Algae Precision Control Component Configuration: Components are arranged on the outside and above the main structure. The physical control structure uses stainless steel algae collection nets and shade nets. The collection nets have a mesh size of 0.08mm and an arc radius of 0.5m. The arc design increases the contact area with the water body, improving algae capture efficiency. The collection area to device surface area ratio is 1:1, which can comprehensively intercept algae around the device. It is fixed to the bottom of the frame by a bracket. The shade net has a 25% shading rate. Moderate shading can inhibit algae photosynthesis and reduce reproduction. It is fixed to the floating bed by clips to ensure a firm installation. A precision control unit and allelochemical spraying unit are installed on the top of the frame. The spraying range covers the area enclosed by the device and the surrounding 1m range to ensure uniform diffusion of allelochemicals to inhibit algae growth.

[0051] III. Equipment Operation and Control Process: Ecological construction period (days 1-15 of aquaculture): The water quality monitoring unit continuously monitors parameters and monitors water quality changes in real time. The control and execution unit controls the water flow speed to 0.04 m / s. The slow water flow is conducive to the adhesion of microorganisms on the surface of the carbon-based biofilm balls to form a biofilm. The roots of the reeds are adjusted to penetrate 10 cm into the filling layer, and the height of the water hyacinth is level with the floating bed, allowing the plant roots to fully contact the water and exert their adsorption effect. Through the synergistic construction of the purification ecology by the plant roots and the carbon-based biofilm balls, the transparency gradually increases to 40 cm and the ammonia nitrogen content decreases to 0.2 mg / L, providing a suitable water quality environment for the initial growth of grass carp.

[0052] Stable operation period (days 16-90 of aquaculture): The monitoring unit tracks parameter changes in real time, promptly detecting water quality fluctuations. The control unit maintains a water flow velocity of 0.08 m / s, ensuring a continuous flow of pollutants through the purification system without disrupting the established purification ecosystem. The position of the planting components is adjusted via sliding guides to ensure even distribution of water hyacinths and consistent purification throughout the entire area. Stainless steel mesh intercepts suspended matter at the bottom, preventing its re-spread and water pollution. Carbon-based biofilm balls adsorb and degrade nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. The physical control structure continuously reduces algae growth. During this period, ammonia nitrogen levels remain stable below 0.15 mg / L, total phosphorus below 0.08 mg / L, and algae density is 5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The water quality is below 6.5 mg / L and the dissolved oxygen content is above 6.5 mg / L, providing stable and high-quality water conditions for the rapid growth of grass carp.

[0053] During the aquaculture wastewater treatment period (days 91-100 of aquaculture): ammonia nitrogen was 0.25 mg / L, total phosphorus was 0.12 mg / L, and algae density was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The control unit increases the water flow velocity to 0.12 m / s, accelerating the migration of pollutants in the effluent to improve treatment efficiency. It also activates biological triggering factors to enhance degradation capabilities, rapidly decomposing high-concentration pollutants. Simultaneously, the spraying unit sprays allelochemicals at a preset frequency to inhibit algae growth, continuously monitoring until ammonia nitrogen drops below 0.1 mg / L, total phosphorus below 0.05 mg / L, and algae density reaches 3 × 10⁻⁶. 5 For wastewater with a flow rate of less than 1 / L, complete the wastewater treatment to ensure that the discharged water does not have an impact on the surrounding environment.

[0054] In summary, this embodiment targets grass carp farming in freshwater ponds. It utilizes a modular assembly system, employing a suitable stainless steel main frame and mesh, combined with a charcoal-bacterial targeted pollution reduction system, a full-cycle dynamic control module, functional floating beds, and precise algae control components to form a complete purification system. During operation, water flow velocity is controlled in stages according to the ecological construction period, stable operation period, and effluent treatment period, linking various systems to achieve pollutant adsorption and degradation, and algae inhibition. Relying on precise monitoring and coordinated response throughout the process, it effectively improves water transparency, reduces nitrogen and phosphorus content and algae density, and maintains suitable dissolved oxygen levels. This ensures the healthy growth of grass carp while achieving compliant discharge of aquaculture effluent, fully demonstrating the comprehensive effectiveness of the device in freshwater aquaculture water quality control.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture, characterized in that, The device comprises the following components assembled using a detachable modular connection method: Modular main support structure: includes main frame, pontoon, stainless steel mesh, anchor chain and anti-collision components, providing installation carrier, stable buoyancy support and spatial positioning for the rest; Charcoal-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system: set in the area enclosed by the modular main support structure, including a carbon-based bacterial film ball filling layer and an aquatic plant planting layer, wherein the carbon-based bacterial film ball is embedded with a biological triggering factor, and the filling layer is laid on the bottom of the inner side of the stainless steel grid; Full-cycle dynamic control module: Installed on the top of the modular main support structure, it includes a water quality monitoring unit and a control execution unit. The water quality monitoring unit is equipped with a multi-parameter sensor, and the control execution unit is equipped with a corresponding execution mechanism. It also establishes signal transmission and linkage control with the carbonaceous bacteria targeted and synergistic pollution reduction system, the functional floating bed planting unit, and the algae precision control component. Functional floating bed planting unit: Covered and installed above the modular main support structure, including a floating bed panel, a switchable planting component installed on the floating bed panel via a sliding guide rail, a pollutant detection interface and a quality traceability system; Algae Precision Control Components: These components include a physical control structure, a biological control system, a precision control unit, and an allelochemical spraying unit. The spatial layout is achieved by relying on the modular main support structure. Through structural coordination and signal linkage with the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system and the functional floating bed planting unit, a comprehensive control system is formed.

2. The modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame of the modular main support structure is made of stainless steel. The pipe specifications are Φ50mm×3mm, Φ60mm×4mm or Φ70mm×5mm. Each pipe component is spliced ​​by quick-release buckles. The buckle surface is passivated. The size range of a single frame module is from 3m×3m×1.2m to 8m×8m×2.0m.

3. The modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stainless steel mesh of the modular main support structure is woven from stainless steel wire with a wire diameter of 1.8mm to 2.2mm, a mesh size of 3cm to 4cm, a weaving density of 10 meshes / inch to 15 meshes / inch, and folded edges with a fold width of 1cm to 2cm. The bottom of the mesh is left with a gap of 30cm to 40cm from the bottom of the water.

4. The modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon-based biofilm spheres of the carbon-based biofilm system are made from agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials. They are produced by high-temperature carbonization and steam activation to form a porous biochar carrier with a specific surface area of ​​900 m² / g to 1100 m² / g and a porosity of 78% to 82%, of which micropores account for 55% to 65%, mesopores account for 25% to 35%, and macropores account for 5% to 15%. The carbon-based biofilm spheres are filled in a graded manner with a bottom layer of 6 to 8 cm, a middle layer of 4 to 6 cm, and an upper layer of 2 to 4 cm.

5. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-triggering factors of the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system are encapsulated in a starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane with a thickness of 0.12 mm to 0.18 mm. The membrane contains acetourea and disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate in a mass ratio of 0.9:1 to 1.1:

1. Each carbon-based bacterial membrane sphere contains 3 to 5 bio-triggering factors. The total thickness of the filling layer is 25 cm to 35 cm, and the filling density is 0.8 kg / m³ to 1.2 kg / m³.

6. The modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the water quality monitoring unit of the full-cycle dynamic control module, the transparency sensor adopts the optical scattering method, the ammonia nitrogen sensor adopts the ion-selective electrode method, the phosphorus sensor adopts the molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry method, the algae density sensor adopts the laser particle counting method, and the dissolved oxygen sensor adopts the fluorescence method. Each sensor is installed in a preset location.

7. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control execution unit of the full-cycle dynamic control module, based on feedback information from the water quality monitoring unit, collaborates with the carbon-based bacteria targeted synergistic pollution reduction system, the functional floating bed planting unit, and the algae precision control component, and is configured to perform phased control. The phased control includes: during the ecological construction phase, controlling the water flow velocity within the range of 0.04 m / s to 0.06 m / s and adjusting the planting height of aquatic plants; during the stable operation phase, maintaining the water flow velocity within the range of 0.08 m / s to 0.1 m / s; and during the aquaculture wastewater treatment phase, increasing the water flow velocity to 0.12 m / s to 0.15 m / s, activating the bio-triggering factors within the carbon-based bacterial film spheres, and controlling the allelochemical spraying unit of the algae precision control component to spray.

8. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating bed panel of the functional floating bed planting unit is made of HDPE material. The size of a single panel is 0.8m×0.8m to 1.2m×1.2m, and the thickness is 8mm to 12mm. Planting holes are evenly opened on the panel. The diameter of the planting holes is 7cm to 9cm, and the spacing between the holes is 20cm to 30cm. Wave-proof baffles are set at the edge of the panel, and the height of the baffles is 12cm to 18cm.

9. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switchable planting component of the functional floating bed planting unit includes a planting cup and a sliding guide rail. The planting cup is made of PP or HDPE, has a capacity of 0.8L to 1.2L, and has 8 to 12 water-permeable holes evenly distributed on the cup wall with a diameter of 4mm to 6mm. An activated carbon fiber adsorption layer with a thickness of 2.5cm to 3.5cm is laid at the bottom of the cup. The length of the sliding guide rail is consistent with the side length of the floating bed panel.

10. A modular dynamic water quality control and algae control device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical control structure of the algae precision control component includes an algae collection net and a shade net. The algae collection net is made of stainless steel with a mesh size of 0.08mm to 0.12mm. It has an overall arc design with a radius of 0.5m to 1m. The ratio of the collection area to the device surface area is 1:1 to 1.2:

1. The shade net has a shading rate of 25% to 35% and is fixed to the floating bed by buckles.

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