An extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets

Abstract

This application relates to the field of non-ferrous metal processing and forming equipment technology, and discloses an extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets. Along the running direction of the non-ferrous metal sheet, it sequentially includes a continuous extrusion forming module, a thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module, and a continuous drawing forming module. The thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module includes a synchronous flexible track follower system and a coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array mounted on the synchronous flexible track follower system. The synchronous flexible track follower system is used to clamp and follow the newly extruded non-ferrous metal sheet, and the coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array contacts the non-ferrous metal sheet. By relying on the porous ceramic regenerator and high-pressure inert gas inside the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger body, the massive amount of waste heat emitted from the residual thermal stress concentration area of ​​the metal sheet is directly converted into standing wave sound pressure with directional bombardment capability, allowing the micro-forging array to start spontaneously without relying on any external electromechanical vibration source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metal processing and forming equipment technology, specifically to an extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets. Background Technology

[0002] In the continuous production process of modern non-ferrous metals (such as copper busbars and aluminum busbars), "extrusion-cooling-drawing" constitutes the most core basic process link. After the raw material is subjected to strong plastic deformation in a high-temperature mold, it flows out in an extremely soft state and carries a huge amount of initial waste heat. It must undergo proper physical cooling in order to have sufficient structural rigidity to withstand the severe cross-sectional diameter reduction deformation in the subsequent drawing process.

[0003] For a long time, the industry has generally relied on passive cooling methods such as fluid spraying, water immersion, or rigid guide roller contact in the cooling transition stage. However, these traditional equipment have inherent process defects in their underlying mechanical and thermodynamic logic. When a soft, high-temperature metal plate encounters non-contact fluid cooling, the surface layer of the material will shrink and crystallize rapidly due to the sudden drop in temperature, but its core will still maintain high thermodynamic activity. This drastic imbalance between the internal and external temperature fields inevitably forces the solidification of huge residual thermal stress in the metal matrix and gives rise to coarse and disordered dendritic networks.

[0004] During the extrusion process, non-uniform thermal expansion and contraction often spontaneously evolve irregular, micro-wavy warping deformations on the surface of the sheet material. Faced with this dynamic and complex three-dimensional topological surface, traditional rigid cooling rollers or static sliders are simply incapable of achieving effective full-surface isobaric bonding. Poor contact not only leads to extreme imbalances in cooling rates in localized areas, further exacerbating internal thermal stress distortion; more seriously, rigid physical contact easily plows irreversible mechanical scratches and tearing damage onto the fragile, soft metal surface, severely compromising the product's appearance quality.

[0005] Due to the traditional technological bias of avoiding complex mechanical actions on soft metal surfaces to prevent damage to the surface finish, existing process equipment often abandons attempts to deeply intervene in the material at the microscopic level during the golden physical window of cooling and crystallization. At the same time, the confined and enclosed high-temperature environment of metallurgical equipment makes it extremely difficult to introduce complex external servo-excited electromechanical components, which are also prone to aging and failure. This dual compromise at both the mechanical and thermophysical levels directly results in the untouched internal stress damage, coarse grains, and microscopic geometric distortions accumulated in the sheet metal during the cooling period.

[0006] When these cold metal sheets, carrying inherent defects, are forcibly fed into the continuous drawing module, the intricate grain boundaries within the material are highly susceptible to microscopic physical tearing under the immense drawing tension. These microscopic tears erupt uncontrollably on the macroscopic production line as frequent strip breakage accidents, accompanied by rapid and abnormal wear of the drawing dies, ultimately severely restricting the yield, production efficiency, and equipment service life of continuous manufacturing of non-ferrous metal sheets. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets. It solves the structural problem that, during the cooling transition stage after extrusion, the material is in an extremely soft, high-temperature state accompanied by disordered microscopic warping deformation. This makes it difficult for traditional rigid cooling devices to achieve full-surface isobaric bonding and easily results in irreversible mechanical scratches. Simultaneously, it solves the process pain point of large residual thermal stress and disordered dendritic networks formed by non-uniform rapid cooling within the metal matrix, which easily induces microscopic tearing, frequent strip breakage, and abnormal die wear in subsequent continuous drawing processes. Furthermore, it overcomes the technical bottleneck of reliably introducing external electromechanical excitation components into heavy metallurgical equipment in extremely high-temperature and confined environments. This completely solves the industry-wide common defect that traditional equipment cannot utilize the material's own waste heat for self-excitation to achieve non-destructive lattice reconstruction and deep release of residual stress during the critical physical window period of metal cooling and crystallization.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets, comprising, in sequence along the running direction of the non-ferrous metal sheet, a continuous extrusion forming module, a thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module, and a continuous drawing forming module. The thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module includes a synchronous flexible track follower system and a coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array mounted on the synchronous flexible track follower system. The synchronous flexible track follower system is used to clamp and follow the extruded non-ferrous metal sheet. The coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array contacts the non-ferrous metal sheet and is used to absorb local heat from the non-ferrous metal sheet to generate a thermoacoustic standing wave within the coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array, and convert the thermoacoustic standing wave into a high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force perpendicular to the surface of the non-ferrous metal sheet.

[0009] Preferably, the synchronous flexible track follow-up system includes two sets of closed-loop flexible metal tracks disposed on the upper and lower sides of the non-ferrous metal plate travel channel. The flexible metal track has a bearing base plate, and the bearing base plate has a plurality of sliding guide through holes arranged in an array.

[0010] Preferably, the coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array includes multiple independently distributed execution units, each execution unit including a closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger and an adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism, the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger.

[0011] Preferably, the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger is a sealed straight tube filled with high-pressure inert gas, which is divided into a hot end, a sliding middle section and a cold end along its axial direction. The sliding middle section passes through a sliding guide hole on the support substrate and slides freely in a direction perpendicular to the support substrate. The hot end is located on the side of the support substrate facing the non-ferrous metal plate. The outer diameter of the hot end is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding guide hole. The end of the hot end is encapsulated with an elastic alloy diaphragm. A porous ceramic regenerator plate is arranged inside the elastic alloy diaphragm. The cold end protrudes and is exposed on the side of the support substrate away from the non-ferrous metal plate.

[0012] Preferably, the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism adopts a double-layer sealed annular cavity structure, and the working gas is sealed inside the annular cavity. One end of the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism is rigidly fixed to the shoulder of the hot end of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the front surface of the bearing substrate facing the non-ferrous metal plate.

[0013] Preferably, a dynamic tuning piston is also suspended inside the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger. The dynamic tuning piston is fixedly connected to the support substrate via a rigid connecting rod. An acoustic transmission through-hole penetrating its thickness direction is opened on the disc surface of the dynamic tuning piston, which allows the thermoacoustic standing wave to penetrate in both directions and act as an inductive acoustic impedance element. When the warped area on the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate squeezes the hot end, the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger at the stress point slides and retracts towards the back side of the support substrate. The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism is compressed. During the sliding and retraction process, the dynamic tuning piston fixed to the support substrate and the inner wall of the retracting closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger undergo relative displacement to change the effective acoustic resonance volume inside the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger, so that the acoustic resonance frequency is physically biased and tuned to the corresponding frequency band.

[0014] Preferably, the cold end adopts a hollow microporous fin structure, and a one-way acoustic microvalve is provided on the inner wall of the cold end. The inner cavity of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger is connected to the hollow microporous fin structure through the one-way acoustic microvalve. When the elastic alloy diaphragm absorbs local heat and forms a temperature gradient at both ends of the porous ceramic regenerator stack, exceeding the critical threshold, the high-pressure inert gas undergoes self-excited thermoacoustic oscillation and forms a macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure. The macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure bombards the elastic alloy diaphragm vertically downward to output a high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force. At the same time, the macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure is transmitted upward to drive a one-way acoustic micro-valve, forcing the air to generate a high-frequency swallowing jet in the hollow microporous fin structure for active self-heating. When the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger slides and retracts significantly due to severe warping of the non-ferrous metal plate, the relative displacement between the dynamic tuning piston and the inner wall of the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger forces the acoustic pressure antinode of the standing wave inside the tube to shift downward, resulting in a physical attenuation of the acoustic pressure amplitude at the unidirectional acoustic microvalve. This proportionally weakens the acoustic energy driving the hollow microporous fin structure upward, and reflects the intercepted acoustic kinetic energy downward to the elastic alloy diaphragm, thereby instantaneously increasing the high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force.

[0015] Preferably, the synchronous flexible track follow-up system is driven by an independent servo system, and its operating linear speed is configured to be synchronized with the linear speed of the non-ferrous metal sheet flowing out of the continuous extrusion molding module.

[0016] This invention provides an extrusion processing and manufacturing apparatus for non-ferrous metal sheets. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes a porous ceramic regenerator and high-pressure inert gas inside a closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger to directly convert the massive waste heat emitted from the residual thermal stress concentration area (hot spot) of the metal plate into standing wave sound pressure with directional bombardment capability. This deep thermo-mechanical cross-scale physical coupling allows the micro-forging array to spontaneously start without relying on any external electromechanical vibration source, and naturally possesses the ability to automatically seek out areas where "the higher the local temperature, the stronger the forging kinetic energy." This mechanism precisely breaks up the coarse dendritic network during the critical window period of metal cooling and crystallization, completely releasing the extrusion thermal stress at the intrinsic lattice level. Simultaneously, by coaxially mounting an adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring on the outside of the plunger's sliding middle section, this scheme constructs a set of independent suspension topologies that do not interfere with each other. When faced with the disordered undulations caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the sheet metal, the densely packed corrugated pipes independently contract and compensate, which not only ensures that the elastic alloy diaphragm at the bottom can follow the metal surface without dead angles like a liquid matrix, but also, in conjunction with the high-frequency standing wave forging action, continuously applies uniform normal static pressure to the sheet surface, and completely irons the slightly warped surface in the dynamic evolution.

[0017] 2. This invention utilizes the coordination of a dynamically tuned piston, a rigid connecting rod, and a one-way acoustic microvalve. When the micro-wave-like warping of the metal plate surface forces the plunger body to slide and retract, the dynamically tuned piston, fixed to the substrate, instantly changes the effective resonant volume within the tube. This purely mechanical reverse linkage endows each actuator with the ability to spontaneously bias the acoustic resonant frequency to a specific frequency band based on the severity of local deformation of the plate, achieving intelligent targeted response to complex deformation states. Simultaneously, when severe geometric distortion causes the plunger to retract significantly, the antinode shift of the standing wave induced by the tuning piston spontaneously weakens the sound pressure amplitude at the microvalve, reflecting and intercepting the enormous acoustic energy originally used for top jet heat dissipation downwards. This intelligently redistributed acoustic energy is superimposed on the bottom diaphragm, instantly generating a surge in micro-forging impulse to powerfully smooth out the distortion, constructing a highly robust, purely passive energy adaptive scheduling closed loop. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partial internal schematic diagram of the thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the closed-type standing wave thermoacoustic plunger in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the substrate supporting the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 10 is a continuous extrusion molding module; 20 is a continuous drawing molding module; 30 is a synchronous flexible track follow-up system; 301 is a flexible metal track; 3011 is a load-bearing base plate; 3012 is a sliding guide through hole; 40 is a coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array; 401 is a closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger; 4011 is a hot end; 4012 is a sliding middle section; 4013 is a cold end; 4014 is an elastic alloy diaphragm; 4015 is a porous ceramic regenerator stack; 4016 is a dynamically tuned piston; 4017 is a rigid connecting rod; 4018 is a one-way acoustic micro-valve; 4019 is an acoustic transmission through hole; and 402 is an adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 6This invention provides an extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets. Along the running direction of the non-ferrous metal sheet, it sequentially includes a continuous extrusion forming module 10, a thermoacoustic adaptive vibration cooling transition module, and a continuous drawing forming module 20. The thermoacoustic adaptive vibration cooling transition module includes a synchronous flexible track follower system 30 and a coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array 40 mounted on the synchronous flexible track follower system 30. The synchronous flexible track follower system 30 is used to clamp and follow the extruded non-ferrous metal sheet. The coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array 40 contacts the non-ferrous metal sheet and absorbs localized heat from the sheet to generate a thermoacoustic standing wave within the array, converting it into a high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force perpendicular to the surface of the non-ferrous metal sheet.

[0022] Raw materials (such as pure copper rods) are first continuously fed into the continuous extrusion molding module 10. Under the strong plastic shearing action of the high-temperature die, the raw materials are continuously extruded in the form of a non-ferrous metal sheet with an initial cross-sectional shape. The metal sheet matrix that has just left the molding die is in an extremely high-temperature soft state. Due to the uneven distribution of thermodynamic gradients during the metal crystallization phase transformation process, the sheet at this stage contains highly concentrated residual thermal stress, which manifests as a large number of irregular micro-wavy warps and edge distortions in its macroscopic physical morphology.

[0023] The thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module is physically connected in series downstream of the output port of the continuous extrusion molding module 10. This module constitutes the core physical intervention area of ​​the entire equipment, completely replacing the crude fluid quenching tank or rigid passive guide roller in the traditional process, and establishing an energy conversion system that deeply couples deformation, thermodynamics and acoustics.

[0024] A soft non-ferrous metal plate carrying significant waste heat and morphological defects is smoothly introduced into the core intervention zone. Inside the transition module, the metal plate is placed between symmetrically arranged follower systems, in a state of encapsulation and clamping without relative sliding friction. As the material moves forward, the system utilizes the high-temperature waste heat of the metal plate itself as a vibration initiation force source, simultaneously performing compliant adaptive leveling of its morphology, dynamic tuning of acoustic impedance based on geometric warping, and bidirectional standing wave-driven micro-grain reconstruction and active self-heating on its surface.

[0025] This complex physical process upgrades the single cooling stage into a deep evolution of simultaneous cooling, leveling, and stress reconstruction. When the metal plate passes the critical window period of cooling and crystallization, its coarse dendritic network is broken by the mechanical energy of the standing wave, the residual thermal stress is fully released, and the originally undulating, slightly warped surface is dynamically smoothed by the synergy of high-frequency mechanical waves and flexible static pressure.

[0026] After deep intervention by the transition module, the non-ferrous metal plate completely transforms from a soft, high-temperature phase to a stable, cold-hardened phase. At this point, the metal plate exhibits excellent physical characteristics such as dense crystal lattice, uniform temperature field distribution, highly regular surface geometry, and extremely low internal stress.

[0027] Finally, the non-ferrous metal sheet in this steady state is directly and smoothly introduced into the continuous drawing forming module 20. Since there are no residual stress defects inside the sheet that hinder deformation, the drawing die can perform the final high-precision dimensional reduction and shaping with extremely low wear rate, completely eliminating the strip breakage or surface tearing failures that frequently occur in conventional drawing processes.

[0028] The synchronous flexible track follow-up system 30 is driven by an independent servo system, and its operating linear speed is configured to be synchronized with the linear speed of the non-ferrous metal sheet flowing out of the continuous extrusion molding module 10.

[0029] The entire material flow path relies on a rigorous servo control link to establish macroscopic continuity. The outflow line speed of the continuous extrusion molding module 10, the follow-up clamping line speed of the thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module, and the traction line speed of the continuous drawing molding module 20 all follow a strict closed-loop synchronous matching principle. This speed collaborative control mechanism ensures that the non-ferrous metal sheet is not subjected to any longitudinal tensile tension or accumulation compression when crossing the physical boundaries of the three modules, thus guaranteeing the overall mechanical stability of the transition from the high-temperature plastic state to the room-temperature hard state.

[0030] The synchronous flexible track follow-up system 30 includes two sets of closed-loop flexible metal tracks 301 disposed on the upper and lower sides of the non-ferrous metal plate travel channel. The flexible metal track 301 has a bearing base plate 3011, and multiple sliding guide through holes 3012 are arranged in an array on the bearing base plate 3011.

[0031] To eliminate the ploughing effect and mechanical abrasion caused by traditional rigid guide rollers or stationary sliders on the extremely softened metal surface at high temperatures, the thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module is equipped with a synchronous flexible track follow-up system 30. This system is symmetrically arranged along the upper and lower sides of the non-ferrous metal sheet's travel channel, establishing a wraparound dynamic physical clamping space. The high-temperature, slightly warped, soft metal sheet, just flowing from the continuous extrusion molding module 10, is directly and smoothly guided into the gap between the symmetrical flexible metal tracks 301.

[0032] The synchronous flexible track follow-up system 30 is powered by a high-precision independent servo mechanism. The servo control network collects the instantaneous output rate of material from the continuous extrusion molding module 10 in real time and strictly locks the linear velocity of the two sets of closed-loop flexible metal tracks 301, keeping them absolutely synchronized with the outflow linear velocity of the non-ferrous metal sheet. This deep matching in the kinematic dimension constructs a macroscopic zero-relative-sliding static mechanical reference frame within the entire physical intervention zone where the metal sheet is located. There is only a vertical normal contact force between the track clamping surface and the surface of the non-ferrous metal sheet, without generating any tangential frictional shear force, thus cutting off the physical cause of tearing the soft metal surface from the mechanical bottom-level logic.

[0033] In this embodiment, the core framework constituting the operating and bearing plane of the flexible metal track 301 is the bearing substrate 3011. Unlike the solid, rigid flat plate structure of conventional tracks, the bearing substrate 3011 in this invention employs a specific grid-like perforated topology design. Specifically, multiple cylindrical sliding guide holes 3012 are uniformly formed on the surface of the bearing substrate 3011 according to a specific array density. These sliding guide holes 3012 completely penetrate both the upper and lower end faces along the solid thickness direction of the substrate. This array of through holes not only provides precise installation coordinates for the high-density coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array 40 inside the system, but also constitutes a radial limiting channel when the execution unit slides along the normal direction.

[0034] The support substrate 3011 not only serves as a mechanical rigid frame for transmitting compliant clamping force and resisting bending moment, but also plays an indispensable dual physical barrier role in the thermodynamic architecture of the entire device. In terms of spatial physical layout, the continuously operating support substrate 3011 strictly divides the internal space of the thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module into two independent regions with completely different thermophysical properties.

[0035] The front surface of the substrate 3011 facing the non-ferrous metal plate receives and absorbs the massive initial waste heat radiated and conducted from the plate, forming a closed extreme high-temperature zone; while the rear surface of the substrate 3011 facing away from the non-ferrous metal plate is completely exposed to the external environment or forced convection airflow, forming an open low-temperature heat dissipation zone.

[0036] This physical barrier, constructed using the solid thickness and dense material of the 3011 substrate, effectively cuts off the free heat convection and radiation paths between the high-temperature operating area and the low-temperature heat dissipation area. The substrate's isolation design not only protects the hidden mechanical transmission and sealing components from continuous high-temperature baking, but more importantly, it establishes extremely stringent thermodynamic boundary conditions for the subsequent coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array 40 that penetrates and is mounted on it. This barrier structure ensures the steep and stable temperature gradient necessary for maintaining the self-excited thermoacoustic effect over a long period, demonstrating a deep system-level synergy between the macroscopic mechanical support platform and the microscopic thermo-mechanical energy conversion mechanism.

[0037] The coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array 40 includes multiple independently distributed execution units. Each execution unit includes a closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 and an adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402. The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401.

[0038] The closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 is a sealed straight tube filled with high-pressure inert gas. It is divided into a hot end 4011, a sliding middle section 4012, and a cold end 4013 along its axial direction. The sliding middle section 4012 passes through the sliding guide hole 3012 on the support substrate 3011 and slides freely in a direction perpendicular to the support substrate 3011. The hot end 4011 is located on the side of the support substrate 3011 facing the non-ferrous metal plate. The outer diameter of the hot end 4011 is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding guide hole 3012. An elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 is encapsulated at the end of the hot end 4011. A porous ceramic regenerator plate 4015 is provided inside the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014. The cold end 4013 protrudes and is exposed on the side of the support substrate 3011 away from the non-ferrous metal plate.

[0039] The coaxial nested independent suspended micro-forging array 40 is composed of numerous independent execution units distributed in a grid along the supporting substrate 3011. Each execution unit corresponds to a sliding guide through hole 3012, directly establishing a physical interaction channel with the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate.

[0040] The core component constituting the inner core of each independent actuator is a closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401. This plunger is a sealed straight tube whose acoustic resonance length has been precisely calculated. Its inner cavity is completely sealed and filled with high-pressure inert gas. Along its central axis, the plunger body, starting from the side facing the non-ferrous metal plate, is sequentially divided into three functional sections: the hot end 4011, the sliding middle section 4012, and the cold end 4013.

[0041] The hot end 4011 is directly exposed to the extremely high temperature region of the support substrate 3011 facing the non-ferrous metal plate, serving as a stress point for heat absorption and mechanical bombardment. A high-temperature resistant elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 is encapsulated at the end of the hot end 4011, and a porous ceramic regenerator stack 4015 with an extremely high specific surface area is tightly attached to the base inside the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014. In terms of geometric fit, the outer diameter of the hot end 4011 is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the sliding guide hole 3012. This diameter difference forms a radially protruding solid shoulder at the junction of the hot end 4011 and the sliding middle section 4012. This limiting shoulder prevents the plunger body from slipping out of or penetrating the support substrate 3011 when subjected to normal reaction force.

[0042] The sliding middle section 4012, located immediately behind the hot end 4011, is configured as a thick-walled cylinder with a smooth surface. Its outer diameter is matched with the inner diameter of the sliding guide through hole 3012 on the support substrate 3011, forming a precise clearance fit. The sliding middle section 4012 coaxially passes through the sliding guide through hole 3012, strictly restricting the movement trajectory of the entire plunger body to a single degree of freedom translational sliding perpendicular to the surface of the support substrate 3011 (i.e., the normal direction of the plate surface), completely eliminating radial runout and mutual physical interference of the actuator under dynamic stress or high-frequency vibration.

[0043] The cold end 4013 extends completely through and is exposed to the low-temperature heat dissipation area on the other side of the supporting substrate 3011, away from the non-ferrous metal plate. This provides a back-side structural extension interface for the subsequent introduction of a multiphysics deep coupling structure.

[0044] An adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 is coaxially nested around the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401.

[0045] The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 adopts a double-layer sealed annular cavity structure. The working gas is sealed inside the annular cavity, thus forming a purely mechanical pneumatic suspension element with nonlinear deformation compensation and damping characteristics. Specifically, the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 includes an outer layer of coaxially nested metal bellows wall and an inner layer of metal bellows wall. The top and bottom of both are sealed and welded together by annular end caps, thereby constructing a completely closed annular volume between the inner and outer walls. The working gas is sealed within this closed annular volume, forming an independent purely mechanical pneumatic suspension element without sliding dynamic seals.

[0046] In terms of assembly topology, the sliding middle section 4012 of the closed-type standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 coaxially penetrates the central channel of the inner metal bellows wall, and the two do not interfere with each other. The bottom annular end cap of the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 is rigidly sealed at the limiting shoulder of the hot end 4011, and its top annular end cap is rigidly sealed on the front surface of the bearing substrate 3011 facing the non-ferrous metal plate.

[0047] This double-layer nested structure not only completely isolates the high-pressure working gas from the sliding guide through-hole 3012 on the supporting substrate 3011 in physical space, eliminating the engineering hazard of gas leakage along the sliding gap from the root; at the same time, the inner metal corrugated pipe wall forms a fully enclosed flexible protective barrier for the smooth sliding middle section 4012, effectively preventing external metallurgical dust from intruding into the guide through-hole and causing mechanical jamming, achieving a deep unity of zero dynamic friction and absolute sealing under extreme high temperature environment.

[0048] One end of the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 is rigidly fixed and sealed to the limiting shoulder of the hot end 4011, while the other end is rigidly fixed and sealed to the front surface of the supporting substrate 3011 facing the non-ferrous metal plate, thus perfectly enclosing the corresponding sliding guide through hole 3012 in the middle. This coaxial assembly logic ensures that the bellows completely covers the portion of the sliding middle section 4012 exposed on the front of the substrate in physical space.

[0049] Based on the aforementioned coaxial nesting and perforated suspension relationship, when the hot end 4011 is subjected to a normal compressive force from the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate, the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 is forced to slide and retract along the sliding guide through-hole 3012 toward the back side of the supporting substrate 3011. During this sliding and retraction process, the externally fitted adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 simultaneously generates axial compression deformation. This composite micro-assembly enables each actuator in the array to independently perform normal displacement and output an adaptive normal fitting compensation force corresponding to its deformation, constructing an independent flexible suspension topology system that does not interfere with each other in the complex and dense array.

[0050] A dynamic tuning piston 4016 is also suspended inside the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401. The dynamic tuning piston 4016 is fixedly connected to the support substrate 3011 via a rigid connecting rod 4017. An acoustic transmission through-hole 4019 penetrating through its thickness direction is opened on the disc surface of the dynamic tuning piston 4016, which allows the thermoacoustic standing wave to penetrate in both directions and act as an inductive acoustic impedance element. When the warped area on the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate squeezes the hot end 4011, the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 at the force point slides and retracts towards the back side of the support substrate 3011. The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402 is compressed. During the sliding and retraction process, the dynamic tuning piston 4016 fixed to the support substrate 3011 and the inner wall of the retracted closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 undergo relative displacement to change the effective acoustic resonance volume inside the closed-circuit standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401, so that the acoustic resonance frequency is physically biased and tuned to the corresponding frequency band.

[0051] The cold end 4013 adopts a hollow microporous fin structure. A one-way acoustic microvalve 4018 is provided on the inner wall of the cold end 4013. The inner cavity of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 is connected to the hollow microporous fin structure through the one-way acoustic microvalve 4018. When the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 absorbs local heat and forms a temperature gradient at both ends of the porous ceramic regenerator stack 4015, exceeding the critical threshold, the high-pressure inert gas undergoes self-excited thermoacoustic oscillation and forms a macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure. The macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure vertically bombards the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 downward to output a high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force. At the same time, the macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure is transmitted upward to drive the unidirectional acoustic micro-valve 4018, forcing the air to generate a high-frequency swallowing jet in the hollow microporous fin structure for active self-heating. When the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger 401 slides and retracts significantly due to the severe warping of the non-ferrous metal plate, the relative displacement between the dynamic tuning piston 4016 and the inner wall of the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger 401 forces the acoustic pressure antinode of the standing wave in the tube to shift downward, resulting in a physical attenuation of the acoustic pressure amplitude at the one-way acoustic microvalve 4018. This proportionally weakens the acoustic energy driving the hollow microporous fin structure upward, and reflects the intercepted acoustic kinetic energy downward to the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014, thereby instantly increasing the high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force.

[0052] Based on the existing basic suspension topology, a breakthrough was achieved by adding a macroscopic deformation acoustic impedance dynamic tuning mechanism to the sealed inner cavity of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401. This mechanism breaks through the physical limitation of the fixed volume of the traditional resonant cavity and constructs a low-level intervention channel for the external spatial geometric deformation on the internal acoustic impedance characteristics.

[0053] The core actuator of the macroscopic deformation acoustic impedance dynamic tuning mechanism is a dynamic tuning piston 4016 suspended in a high-pressure inert gas environment. The outer circumferential surface of the dynamic tuning piston 4016 forms a precise sliding seal with the inner wall of the plunger body, longitudinally dividing the originally single resonant cavity. The piston is not fixed to the tube wall, but extends outward through a rigid connecting rod 4017.

[0054] The rigid connecting rod 4017 penetrates the dynamically sealed assembly specifically positioned on the rear side of the plunger body, and its end is directly and rigidly anchored to the solid structure of the support base plate 3011. This unique assembly topology establishes a highly original displacement mapping relationship: since the rigid connecting rod 4017 remains absolutely stationary with the support base plate 3011, when the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger 401 undergoes normal sliding retraction within the sliding guide hole 3012 due to external forces, its internal cavity sidewall will inevitably undergo a physical relative displacement of the same stroke with the stationary dynamic tuning piston 4016. This purely mechanical relative sliding directly changes the three-dimensional spatial size of the effective acoustic resonant volume between the hot end 4011 and the dynamic tuning piston 4016 without any servo motor intervention.

[0055] In this embodiment, to ensure the effective bidirectional transmission of macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure inside the closed-loop thermoacoustic plunger 401, the dynamically tuned piston 4016 is not a completely sealed solid partition. Specifically, an acoustic transmission through-hole 4019 with a precisely calculated aperture is formed along the axial direction on the disk surface of the dynamically tuned piston 4016. For the static high-pressure inert gas inside the cavity, the two sides of the piston maintain pressure equipotential communication; while for the high-frequency alternating thermoacoustic standing wave, the acoustic transmission through-hole 4019 constitutes a specific inductively reactive acoustic impedance boundary. This structural design allows the powerful standing wave sound pressure excited at the bottom layer to penetrate upwards to the cold end 4013 with extremely low loss, while giving the piston the physical ability to change the overall acoustic boundary conditions of the cavity, laying the structural foundation for subsequent dynamic redistribution of acoustic energy.

[0056] At the other end of the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401, specifically at the cold end 4013 that protrudes from the back of the support substrate 3011 and is exposed to the open space, a synthetic jet generator is further integrated. This generator aims to completely reconstruct the convective heat transfer path in a high-temperature, enclosed environment, converting the originally passively dissipated waste heat into the mechanical potential energy of the driving fluid.

[0057] In this embodiment, the external heat dissipation structure of the cold end 4013 abandons the conventional solid metal heat dissipation fins and instead adopts a customized hollow microporous fin structure. The hollow microporous fin contains through-hole micro airflow channels inside, and its surface is densely covered with airflow jet micropores that open to the external environment.

[0058] At the interface between the inner wall of the cold-end tube 4013 and the aforementioned hollow microporous fin structure, a one-way acoustic microvalve 4018 is precisely embedded. This one-way acoustic microvalve 4018 enables unidirectional controlled fluid physical communication between the sealed inner cavity and the external hollow microporous fin structure. The one-way acoustic microvalve 4018 possesses extremely high frequency response characteristics and is configured to open only under the drive of a specific threshold high-frequency alternating air pressure (standing wave sound pressure), thereby establishing a bidirectional acoustic energy transfer and fluid throughput link between the internal high-pressure resonant cavity and the external convection heat dissipation channel.

[0059] In this embodiment, the high-temperature, soft non-ferrous metal sheet that has just detached from the continuous extrusion molding module 10 is smoothly guided into the synchronous flexible track follower system 30, which operates symmetrically from top to bottom. The servo drive system strictly locks the displacement linear velocity, so that the track bearing surface and the surface of the extremely soft metal sheet establish a purely static mechanical contact reference system with zero relative sliding at the macroscopic level, completely eliminating the risk of surface mechanical scratches caused by rigid interference.

[0060] As the non-ferrous metal plate moves longitudinally within the physical intervention zone, the irregular micro-wavy warping left on its surface due to early thermal expansion and contraction inevitably compresses the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 densely distributed on the track support base plate 3011. During this interface interaction, the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401, encountering the raised area on the metal plate surface, is forced to slide and retract normally towards the back of the support base plate 3011, and the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402, which is sleeved on it, is simultaneously compressed. This physical retraction process allows the dense array endpoints to perfectly conform to the undulating geometric topology of the plate with a compliant posture without dead angles, and applies an adaptive normal fitting compensation force.

[0061] Simultaneously with the aforementioned normal sliding retraction, the deformation-driven acoustic impedance tuning mechanism is instantaneously triggered. Since the dynamic tuning piston 4016 in the macroscopic deformation acoustic impedance dynamic tuning mechanism is directly anchored to the bearing substrate 3011 via a rigid connecting rod 4017, the retracting inner wall of the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 inevitably undergoes a precise physical relative displacement with the stationary piston. This mechanical action instantaneously alters the effective acoustic resonance volume within the plunger body, thereby physically biasing and tuning the acoustic resonance frequency of this independent actuator to a specific frequency band that strictly corresponds to the degree of local deformation of the metal plate, achieving fundamental control of the internal acoustic characteristics by the external geometric topology.

[0062] After completing macroscopic isobaric servo clamping and acoustic frequency band tuning, a self-excited micro-forging mechanism based on a local temperature gradient is subsequently activated. The residual thermal stress concentration area inside the non-ferrous metal plate radiates a huge amount of waste heat outward in the form of local high-temperature hot spots. When the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 comes into contact with such hot spots, extremely high heat flow rapidly penetrates the diaphragm and is conducted to the bottom end of the porous ceramic regenerator stack 4015. Combined with the continuous heat dissipation from the cold end 4013 to the external environment, an extreme temperature gradient is rapidly established at both ends of the porous ceramic regenerator stack 4015.

[0063] When the temperature gradient exceeds the thermodynamic critical threshold of the system, the high-pressure inert gas inside the sealed straight tube undergoes self-excited thermoacoustic oscillation, converging within the dynamically tuned resonant cavity to form a high-intensity macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure. This standing wave sound pressure exhibits a highly coupled bidirectional physical driving effect inside the straight tube. Its downward high-frequency alternating aerodynamic force acts like a pneumatic piston, repeatedly and vertically bombarding the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 at the bottom, outputting a precise high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force. This micro-mechanical wave forcibly blocks the growth network of coarse dendrites during the critical window period of cooling and crystallization, reconstructs the material's microcrystalline lattice, and completely releases the residual thermal stress from extrusion; simultaneously, combined with the normal static pressure of the bellows gas spring, it dynamically smooths the slightly warped surface.

[0064] The energy from the other end of the macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure is transmitted upwards, directly driving the unidirectional acoustic microvalve 4018 inside the cold end 4013. The alternating acoustic pressure causes high-pressure air to generate an extremely high-frequency jet within the hollow microporous fin structure. This synthetic jet, spontaneously excited by the standing wave, forcibly tears and peels away the thermal boundary layer on the fin surface, performing highly efficient active self-heating. This active heat dissipation mechanism permanently solidifies the steep temperature gradient at both ends of the porous ceramic, ensuring a continuous and stable output of the bottom micro-forging impact. Finally, the non-ferrous metal plate, after deep reconstruction through multiphysics, detaches from the track clamp with a uniform, flat, and internally low-stress cold solid morphology, and is smoothly introduced into the continuous drawing forming module 20 for precision shaping.

[0065] Based on the spatial topological relationship between the dynamically tuned piston 4016 and the unidirectional acoustic microvalve 4018, the device exhibits an acoustic energy adaptive redistribution closed-loop mechanism that does not require any external electronic sensor intervention when dealing with extremely severe local morphological distortions.

[0066] Under normal intervention conditions where there are only slight undulations on the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate, the normal sliding displacement of the plunger body is small, and the dynamically tuned piston 4016 is basically in the reference center position. At this time, the sound field inside the cavity is in the reference resonance state, and the maximum sound pressure value of the standing wave (i.e., the sound pressure antinode) is precisely aligned with the top unidirectional acoustic microvalve 4018. The microvalve operates at high frequency at maximum amplitude, and the synthesized jet performs highly efficient active heat dissipation, maintaining a stable temperature gradient. The system continuously outputs a steady and moderate-intensity micro-forging force downward to refine the grains.

[0067] However, when severe local geometric protrusions and distortions occur on the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate, the closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger 401 at the stress point is significantly lifted, causing the dynamic tuning piston 4016 to undergo a violent downward displacement relative to the inner wall of the tube. This relative displacement instantly reshapes the acoustic boundary conditions of the cavity, forcing a shift in the wavelength and phase of the standing wave. The direct physical consequence is that the acoustic pressure antinode, originally located at the top of the cold end 4013, physically shifts downward, causing a sharp attenuation of the absolute sound pressure amplitude at the location of the unidirectional acoustic microvalve 4018.

[0068] The attenuation of sound pressure at the microvalve is not a system failure, but rather a precise energy redirection and scheduling. Due to the reduced amplitude of the unidirectional acoustic microvalve 4018's movement, the acoustic kinetic energy used to drive the synthetic jet for heat dissipation is significantly reduced. Following the law of conservation of acoustic energy, this enormous amount of alternating acoustic energy, intercepted by the microvalve's "impedance mismatch," is forcibly reflected downwards and superimposed back onto the bottom of the oscillation cavity. This surge of reflected acoustic energy is entirely poured onto the elastic alloy diaphragm 4014 at the bottom, causing an exponential instantaneous amplification of the downward high-frequency mechanical micro-forging impulse of the actuator.

[0069] The sudden surge in micro-forging force, combined with the enormous normal static pressure generated by the extreme compression of the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism 402, powerfully smooths out severely geometrically distorted areas. Once the distortion is forcibly corrected, the plunger body falls back under the action of the gas spring, the dynamically tuned piston 4016 relatively resets, and the acoustic pressure antinode realigns with the one-way acoustic micro-valve 4018. The system then automatically restores the powerful heat dissipation at the top and the stable micro-forging state at the bottom. This purely mechanical, passive, negative feedback intelligent scheduling closed loop completely realizes the optimal utilization of thermoacoustic energy conversion, establishing extremely high process robustness for this manufacturing equipment.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets, characterized in that, The non-ferrous metal sheet running direction includes a continuous extrusion molding module (10), a thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module and a continuous drawing molding module (20). The thermoacoustic adaptive flutter cooling transition module includes a synchronous flexible track follower system (30) and a coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array (40) mounted on the synchronous flexible track follower system (30). The synchronous flexible track follower system (30) is used to clamp and follow the extruded non-ferrous metal sheet. The coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array (40) is in contact with the non-ferrous metal sheet and is used to absorb the local heat of the non-ferrous metal sheet to generate thermoacoustic standing waves in the coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array (40) and convert the thermoacoustic standing waves into high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force perpendicular to the surface of the non-ferrous metal sheet.

2. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous flexible track follow-up system (30) includes two sets of closed-loop flexible metal tracks (301) arranged on the upper and lower sides of the non-ferrous metal plate travel channel. The flexible metal track (301) has a bearing base plate (3011) and multiple sliding guide through holes (3012) are arranged in an array on the bearing base plate (3011).

3. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coaxial nested independent suspension micro-forging array (40) includes multiple independently distributed execution units. Each execution unit includes a closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401) and an adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism (402). The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism (402) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401).

4. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal plates according to claim 3, characterized in that, The closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401) is a sealed straight tube filled with high-pressure inert gas. It is divided into a hot end (4011), a sliding middle section (4012), and a cold end (4013) along its axial direction. The sliding middle section (4012) passes through the sliding guide hole (3012) on the support substrate (3011) and slides freely in a direction perpendicular to the support substrate (3011). The hot end (4011) is located on the side of the support substrate (3011) facing the non-ferrous metal plate. The outer diameter of the hot end (4011) is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding guide hole (3012). The end of the hot end (4011) is encapsulated with an elastic alloy diaphragm (4014). A porous ceramic regenerator stack (4015) is provided inside the elastic alloy diaphragm (4014). The cold end (4013) protrudes and is exposed on the side of the support substrate (3011) away from the non-ferrous metal plate.

5. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism (402) adopts a double-layer sealed annular cavity structure. The working gas is sealed inside the annular cavity. One end of the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism (402) is rigidly fixed to the shoulder of the hot end (4011) of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401), and the other end is rigidly fixed to the front surface of the bearing substrate (3011) facing the non-ferrous metal plate.

6. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal sheets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closed-loop standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401) also has a dynamically tuned piston (4016) suspended inside. The dynamically tuned piston (4016) is fixedly connected to the support plate (3011) via a rigid connecting rod (4017). The surface of the dynamically tuned piston (4016) has an acoustic transmission through-hole (4019) that extends through its thickness direction, allowing the thermoacoustic standing wave to penetrate bidirectionally and act as an inductive acoustic impedance element. When the warped area on the surface of the non-ferrous metal plate presses against the hot end (4011), The closed-loop thermoacoustic plunger (401) at the stress point slides back towards the back of the support plate (3011), and the adaptive high-temperature bellows gas spring mechanism (402) is compressed. During the sliding process, the dynamic tuning piston (4016) fixed to the support plate (3011) and the inner wall of the retreating closed-loop thermoacoustic plunger (401) undergo relative displacement to change the effective acoustic resonance volume inside the closed-loop thermoacoustic plunger (401) so that the acoustic resonance frequency is physically biased and tuned to the corresponding frequency band.

7. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal plates according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cold end (4013) adopts a hollow microporous fin structure. A one-way acoustic microvalve (4018) is provided on the inner wall of the cold end (4013). The inner cavity of the closed standing wave thermoacoustic plunger (401) is connected to the hollow microporous fin structure through the one-way acoustic microvalve (4018). When the elastic alloy diaphragm (4014) absorbs local heat and forms a temperature gradient at both ends of the porous ceramic regenerator stack (4015) that exceeds the critical threshold, the high-pressure inert gas undergoes self-excited thermoacoustic oscillation and forms a macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure. The macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure bombards the elastic alloy diaphragm (4014) vertically downward to output a high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force. At the same time, the macroscopic directional standing wave sound pressure is transmitted upward to drive the unidirectional acoustic micro-valve (4018), forcing the air to generate a high-frequency swallowing jet in the hollow microporous fin structure for active self-heating. When the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger (401) slides back significantly due to severe warping of the non-ferrous metal plate, the relative displacement between the dynamic tuning piston (4016) and the inner wall of the closed-circuit thermoacoustic plunger (401) forces the acoustic pressure antinode of the standing wave in the tube to shift downward, resulting in physical attenuation of the acoustic pressure amplitude at the one-way acoustic microvalve (4018), thereby proportionally weakening the acoustic energy of the upward-driving hollow microporous fin structure, and reflecting the intercepted acoustic kinetic energy downward to the elastic alloy diaphragm (4014) to instantaneously increase the high-frequency mechanical micro-forging force.

8. The extrusion processing and manufacturing equipment for non-ferrous metal plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous flexible track follow-up system (30) is driven by an independent servo system, and its operating linear speed is configured to be synchronized with the linear speed of the non-ferrous metal sheet flowing out of the continuous extrusion molding module (10).

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